CN104432022B - 一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉及其制作方法,属营养健康技术领域,采用的技术方案是一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉,各原料重量份数分别为黑豆干粉10-25份、黄小米干粉15-30份、核桃仁干粉5-15份、马齿苋干粉10-20份、姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份、羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份。制作方法:(1)取黑豆、黄小米分别漂洗、膨化、研磨制得180目-200目的干粉;(2)将核桃仁、马齿苋、姬松茸子实体和羊肚菌子实体分别清洗、研磨、干燥、二次研磨,制得180目-200目的干粉;(3)将步骤(1)、(2)所得干粉按上述重量份数比混配。本发明优点是科学配伍,能补肾益脾、增强免疫、缓解疲劳及精神压力等,有极高的补虚强体、消除亚健康的功效,且制作方法简单,食用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于营养健康技术领域,具体涉及一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着社会发展,生活条件的改善,人们的健康观也随之发生变化,亚健康问题引起了全社会的广泛关注。世界卫生组织的一项全球性调查发现约75%的人处于亚健康状态。而在我国,据有关资料显示,40岁以上人群中亚健康率在百分之六十以上,而且呈现年幼化的趋势发展,众所周知,亚健康是疾病之根源,其早期症状主要有体虚、困乏、易疲劳、失眠、注意力不易集中等,长此以往,危害人类健康,甚至威胁人的生命。然而,市场上所售的营养保健品品种虽多,有一定的营养作用,但其作用单一、不持久,只能暂时缓解人的体力,并不能彻底满足人体所需的各种营养成分。
因此研发一种具有各种营养成分能满足人体所需各种营养成分而又平衡的营养食品以改善亚健康的身体状况迫在眉睫。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉及其制作方法,利用中华中医药以色形养身的理念,采用植物干粉与食用菌干粉混合,食用后能够明显改善亚健康人群身体状况。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉,关键在于:所述混合营养粉的各原料重量份数分别为黑豆干粉10-25份、黄小米干粉15-30份、核桃仁干粉5-15份、马齿苋干粉10-20份、姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份、羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份。
所述姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份由姬松茸菌丝体干粉1-5份代替。
所述羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份由羊肚菌菌丝体干粉0.5-3份代替。
以上所说的姬松茸子实体或羊肚菌子实体可通过商业途径获得,姬松茸菌丝体或羊肚菌菌丝体是在姬松茸子实体或羊肚菌子实体货源紧缺的情况下,利用深层发酵培养技术由姬松茸菌种或羊肚菌菌种取得菌丝体并研磨为干粉以代替子实体干粉,其之于混合营养粉,功效相当。
其中,姬松茸菌种(Agaricusblazeimurrill)来自于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),编号为5.853,保藏地址为:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院,中国科学院微生物研究所。
羊肚菌菌种(MorehellaDill.Pers)来自中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),编号为5.382,保藏地址为:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院,中国科学院微生物研究所。
本发明还提供了上述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉的制作方法,所述的制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取黑豆、黄小米分别漂洗、膨化、研磨,制得180目-200目的干粉;
(2)将核桃仁、马齿苋、姬松茸子实体和羊肚菌子实体分别清洗、研磨、干燥、二次研磨,制得180目-200目的干粉;
(3)将步骤(1)、(2)中所得干粉按照以下重量份数比混配,黑豆干粉10-25份、黄小米干粉15-30份、核桃仁干粉5-15份、马齿苋干粉10-20份、姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份、羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份,得混合营养粉。
所述步骤(2)中姬松茸子实体由姬松茸菌丝体代替,步骤(3)中姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份由姬松茸菌丝体干粉1-5份代替。
所述步骤(2)中羊肚菌子实体由羊肚菌菌丝体代替,步骤(3)中羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份由羊肚菌菌丝体干粉0.5-3份代替。
上述技术方案中,黑豆为为扁型,与人肾相似,表面黑色或灰黑色,有光泽,含有蛋白质、脂肪、维生素、微量元素等多种营养成分,具有高蛋白、低热量的特性,同时又含有多种生物活性物质,如黑豆色素、黑豆多糖和异黄酮等,具有补肾益脾、降胆固醇、改善贫血、美容抗衰老等保健功效,药食俱佳。
黄小米含多种维生素、氨基酸、脂肪、纤维素和碳水化合物,其维生素B1含量为粮食之首,还含有一般粮食中没有的胡萝卜素,铁、磷含量也很高,具有补血、健脑的作用,还对缓解精神压力、紧张、乏力等有很大功效。
核桃仁是难得的一种高脂肪性物质的补养品,可补虚强体,尤其是含有较多的蛋白质及人体营养必需的不饱和脂肪酸,这些成分皆为大脑组织细胞代谢的重要物质,能滋养脑细胞,增强脑功能;此外,还具有净化血液、降低胆固醇、润肺、黑发、消炎杀菌、养护皮肤、润燥滑肠、祛瘀生新、舒缓疲劳、抗压的功效。
马齿苋是稀有的具有五种颜色的植物,可药食两用,据中医色形养身的理念,根是白色,养肺;茎干是红色,养心;叶是绿色,养肝;花是黄色,养脾;种子是黑色,养肾。该植物含营养成分极高,离开土壤水分在阳光下直晒一个月都干不死。马齿苋还含有丰富的SL3脂肪酸及维生素A样物质,SL3脂肪酸是形成细胞膜,尤其是脑细胞膜与眼细胞膜所必需的物质;维生素A样物质能维持上皮组织如皮肤、角膜及结合膜的正常机能,参与视紫质的合成,增强视网膜感光性能,也参与体内许多氧化过程。
姬松茸子实体或菌丝体中含有丰富的氨基酸和活性多糖体,经测定,深层培养的姬松茸菌丝体中含有18种氨基酸,其氨基酸总量为干重的21.37%,包括8种人体必需的氨基酸,且富含促进儿童生长发育和增加智力的精氨酸、赖氨酸;其多醣体含量高达灵芝的5倍,多糖体能与许多氨基酸结合,容易被人体的消化器官所吸收。姬松茸具有增强人体免疫力的功效,可使吞噬细胞、T细胞、B细胞及自然杀伤细胞等免疫细胞的活性增强,促使免疫细胞分泌相关的细胞因子如干扰素、白细胞介素、细胞坏死因子等,提升免疫力。尤其是含有独特的β-(1-6)-D-葡萄糖结构,可直接提升吞噬细胞、巨噬细胞及自然免疫细胞的活性。姬松茸还可促进人骨髓的造血功能,提高外周血血红蛋白浓度。此外,姬松茸含有丰富的维生素类,每100g干菇中含维生素B10.3mg,维生素B23.2mg,烟酸49.2mg,还含有麦角甾醇0.1-0.2mg,它可抗基因突变,保护DNA的正常结构和功能,还能干扰病毒代谢,抑制病毒繁殖,把病变消灭于DNA层次,防患于未然,从而起到预防疾病的作用。
羊肚菌子实体或菌丝体中含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、粗纤维等多种成分,粗脂肪由4种脂肪酸组成,其中作为具有药用价值重要成分之一的亚油酸占56.0%,油酸占28.4%,硬脂肪占2.02%,软脂肪占13.54%;羊肚菌含有多种维生素,如维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、吡哕醇、生物素、叶酸等;蛋白质含量比牛奶、肉类和鱼粉都高、是一种高营养、低热量的高级营养滋补佳品,含19种氨基酸,且含量非常丰富,特别是谷氨酸含量高达1.76%;含有Ca、Mg、K、Na、Zn、Cn、Fe、Se等各种人体必需的矿质元素和微量元素,有机锗含量较高,有强健身体、预防感冒、增强人体免疫力的功效;此外,还含抑制肿瘤的多糖,抗菌、抗病毒的活性成分,具有增强机体免疫力、抗疲劳、抗病毒、抑制肿瘤等诸多作用。对羊肚菌经生物发酵制得的EF-11多糖分子结构进行了研究,EF-11多糖为高分子多糖体,分子量为1600000,其主键为由(1-3)连接的半乳糖残机构成的多糖分支结构的杂交多糖。羊肚菌性平、味甘,具有益肠胃、消化助食、化痰理气、补肾、壮阳、补脑、提神之功能,对脾胃虚弱、消化不良、痰多气短、头晕失眠有良好的治疗作用,是营养保健价值极高的名贵食用菌。
利用本发明提供的制作方法将上述各原材料制备成混合营养粉,只是物理机械作用,最大程度的保留了各成分的营养,且方法简单,加工过程中无副产品产生,制备的产品优质无毒、绿色健康。
综上,本混合营养粉有蘑菇香味,能补虚强体、补肾益脾;有效增强单核细胞系统功能,激发人体的网状内皮系统释放干扰素和白细胞介素,促进IV-1、克隆刺激子(CSF)和白细胞介素-3(IV-3)的产生,增强淋巴细胞的功能,促进淋巴细胞成熟分化和增殖,增强人体的免疫功能;并它能抑制细胞分裂,调节免疫系统反应,干扰病毒细胞的生长,有效的预防亚健康病症;有刺激造血系统作用,促进骨髓细胞增生,提高外周血白细胞数和血红蛋白含量;经大量人群服用后发现还能显著抑制心脏、肝脏、血清脂质过氧化反应,减少组织细胞损伤;明显提高红细胞的超氧化物歧化酶活性,清除体内超氧阴离子自由基;明显改善冠状动脉血液循环,增加血流量,增加心肌营养性血量,预防心肌梗死形成;能阻止血小板活性增强,抑制血小板聚集,预防动脉血栓形成;能改善肾上腺皮质功能,延缓动脉粥样硬化斑块出现,所以对亚健康人群有特别功效。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明所提供的混合营养粉提取植物和菌物之精髓,经大量实验并考虑营养、口感等因素科学配伍,是一种新型、优质且无任何毒副作用的营养保健食品,能补肾益脾、增强免疫、补血养脑,还能缓解疲劳及精神压力、净化血液、预防疾病等,具有极高的补虚强体、消除亚健康的特别功效,且其制作方法简单,利于各营养成分最大发挥功效,食用方便。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明提供的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉及其制作方法作具体说明。
表1混合营养粉配伍示例
上述混合营养粉的制作方法实施例如下:
实施例10
(1)取黑豆、黄小米分别漂洗、膨化、研磨制得180目的干粉,具体为:
选取扁形黑豆,破碎除外皮,再经漂洗以去除残杂物;
小米漂洗去除表面尘物;
漂洗后的黑豆、小米经膨化后再用超微粉碎机研磨,制得180目的干粉。
(2)将核桃仁、马齿苋、姬松茸子实体和羊肚菌子实体分别经清洗、研磨、干燥、二次研磨,制得180目的干粉,具体为:
选取核桃为原料,去除硬壳和内夹板,经漂洗去除表面尘物及杂物得核桃仁,再用砂轮磨将核桃仁研磨成浆液,真空低温雾化干燥制得粗干粉,最后用超微粉碎机二次研磨,得180目的干粉。
选取马齿苋、姬松茸子实体、羊肚菌子实体原料,分别漂洗以去除根杂物及表面尘物,将漂洗后的马齿苋、姬松茸子实体、羊肚菌子实体先用切碎机粉碎,再用砂轮磨研磨成浆液,然后过滤去除5-8%的粗纤维组织、浓缩去除15%-25%的水分,再真空低温雾化干燥制得粗干粉,最后将提取的粗干粉用超微粉机二次研磨,制得180目的干粉,其中浓缩去除水分,该步骤主要采用本领域常用技术如超滤膜去除水分、吸水物质分离水分或减压蒸馏去除水分;干燥时温度选择以不影响营养粉中主要成分的活性为宜,一般控制在55-70℃,优选60-65℃。
(3)将步骤(1)、(2)中所得干粉按照实施例3所示质量百分比混配,得混合营养粉。
上述所得混合营养粉可以在无菌环境下进行定量称取分装为50g/包或500g/桶的成品,以便食用、保存。根据人体营养需求,一天一包即能满足人体的营养平衡所需。
实施例11
(1)取黑豆、黄小米分别漂洗、膨化、研磨制得200目的干粉,具体为:
选取扁形黑豆,破碎除外皮,再经漂洗以去除残杂物;
小米漂洗去除表面尘物;
漂洗后的黑豆、小米经膨化后再用超微粉碎机研磨,制得200目的干粉。
(2)将核桃仁、马齿苋分别经清洗、研磨、干燥、二次研磨,制得200目的干粉,选取姬松茸菌种和羊肚菌菌种分别发酵得菌丝体,经真空低温喷雾干燥得粗干粉,再将粗干粉研磨成200目的干粉,具体为:
选取核桃为原料,去除硬壳和内夹板,经漂洗去除表面尘物及杂物得核桃仁,再用砂轮磨将核桃仁研磨成浆液,真空低温喷雾干燥制得粗干粉,最后用超微粉碎机二次研磨,得200目的干粉。
选取马齿苋漂洗以去除根杂物及表面尘物,将漂洗后的马齿苋、姬松茸菌丝体、羊肚菌菌丝体先用切碎机切成碎段,再用砂轮磨研磨成浆液,然后过滤去除5-8%的粗纤维组织、浓缩去除15%-25%的水分,再真空低温喷雾干燥制得粗干粉,最后将提取的粗干粉用超微粉机二次研磨,制得200目的干粉。
姬松茸菌丝体、羊肚菌菌丝体是利用深层发酵培养所得,其培养方法如下:
A、选取姬松茸菌种和羊肚菌菌种
姬松茸菌种(Agaricusblazeimurrill)来自于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),编号为5.853,保藏地址为:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院,中国科学院微生物研究所,。
羊肚菌菌种(MorehellaDill.Pers)来自中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),编号为5.382,保藏地址为:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院,中国科学院微生物研究所。
B、采取斜面菌种培育,摇床液体育种,种子罐液体菌种三级菌种培育出各自的液体菌种。
C、将液体菌种分别引入配套的发酵罐,接种量为10%-15%,在液态培养基中发酵5-7天,姬松茸菌种发酵温度为24-27℃,羊肚菌菌种发酵温度为21-26℃,发酵罐内压力为30-49MPa,通气量为0.4-0.6立方米/分钟,搅拌速度为120-180转/分,待菌丝体生成浓度或湿重比达到65%-80%停止发酵,过滤发酵液中固体残渣,经真空低温喷雾干燥获得粗干粉。其中,姬松茸菌种发酵时采用的液态培养基按玉米粉1%-4%、麦麸0.5%-3%、黄豆1%-2%、蔗糖1%-2%、酵母膏0.5%-0.8%、蛋白胨0.3%-0.6%、葡萄糖0.5%-1.5%、硫酸镁0.02%-0.05%、磷酸二氢钾0.05%-0.1%、棕榈酸0.2%-0.5%、芝麻油0.3%-0.5%,余量为水的质量百分比配置;羊肚菌菌种进行发酵时采用的液态培养基按麦麸2%-4%、黄豆1%-3%、麦芽糖3%-5%、可溶性玉米淀粉1%-2%、葡萄糖0.5%-1.5%、酵母粉0.5%-1%、硫酸镁0.5%-0.1%、磷酸二氢钾0.5%-0.15%、蛋白胨0.2%-0.5%、芝麻油0.3%-0.5%,余量为水的质量百分比配置。液态培养基配置过程中,将玉米粉加10-20倍质量的水,麦麸加25-30倍质量的水,黄豆加25-30倍质量的水做成豆浆各自煮沸后保持30-40分钟,以上的半成品经用6-8层纱布过滤,滤液形成玉米汁、麦麸汁、豆浆汁,混合后再按照以上给出的配伍比例准确添加其他成分,最后进行蒸汽高压121℃灭菌,冷却至30℃以下再使用。
D、将C中所得粗干粉经超微粉碎机研磨成200目的干粉。
(3)将步骤(1)、(2)中所得干粉按照实施例9所示的质量百分比混配,得混合营养粉。
上述所得混合营养粉可以在无菌环境下进行定量称取分装为50g/包或500g/桶的成品,以便食用、保存。
依据本发明的方法制造的混合营养粉,具有蘑菇特有的香味,富含蛋白质和蘑菇多糖,营养成分含量:粗蛋白40%-45%,蘑菇多糖38%-45%,纤维素6%-8%,粗灰分5%-7%,粗脂肪3%-4%,钾含量3.97%,此外用原子吸收法测定有机磷、钙、镁等的含量:磷含量为7486mg/kg,镁528mg/kg,钙157mg/kg、钠118mg/kg、铜14mg/kg、锌9mg/kg、硼9mg/kg、硒8.5mg/kg、铁6mg/kg、锰0.1mg/kg、这些物质的存在能显著的抑制心脏、肝脏、血清脂质过氧化反应,减少组织细胞损伤,对脂质过氧化也有降低作用,并能明显提高红细胞的超氧化物歧化酶活性,清除体内超氧阴离子自由基。
对自愿服用本产品的患有亚健康的116人作健康跟踪,统计如下:
基本情况:病例116人,其中男68人,女48人,男最大83岁,最小34岁,女最大78岁,最小37岁。
其中亚健康症状主要有:疲倦乏力、食欲不振、失眠健忘、男子阳痿早泄、前列腺炎、小便频多、困倦思卧、头昏目眩、体虚盗汗、长期感冒不愈、免疫力低下等症状。
87名明显具有上述症状的中青年患者服用本发明提供的混合营养粉一个月后,有明显改善的84人,对消除亚健康有效率高达96.5%。
对老年性亚健康疾病也疗效显著,患者中65岁以上的有29名,症状主要有超重、高血脂、脂肪肝、冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化等,服用本混合营养粉1个月后,有明显改善的27人,有效率为93%。
上述试验还发现本混合营养粉可明显改善冠状动脉血液循环,增加血流量,改善冠状动脉扩张及心肌微循环,增加心肌营养性血量,预防心肌梗死形成。能阻止血小板活性增强,抑制血小板聚集,预防动脉血栓形成。能改善肾上腺皮质功能,延缓动脉粥样硬化斑块出现,又有刺激造血系统作用,促进骨髓细胞增生,提高外周血白细胞数和血红蛋白含量。
Claims (8)
1.一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉,其特征在于:所述混合营养粉的各原料重量份数分别为黑豆干粉10-25份、黄小米干粉15-30份、核桃仁干粉5-15份、马齿苋干粉10-20份、姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份、羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉,其特征在于:所述姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份由姬松茸菌丝体干粉1-5份代替。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉,其特征在于:所述羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份由羊肚菌菌丝体干粉0.5-3份代替。
4.权利要求1所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉的制作方法,其特征在于,所述制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取黑豆、黄小米分别漂洗、膨化、研磨,制得180目-200目的干粉;
(2)将核桃仁、马齿苋、姬松茸子实体和羊肚菌子实体分别清洗、研磨、干燥、二次研磨,制得180目-200目的干粉;
(3)将步骤(1)、(2)中所得干粉按照以下重量份数比混配,黑豆干粉10-25份、黄小米干粉15-30份、核桃仁干粉5-15份、马齿苋干粉10-20份、姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份、羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份,得混合营养粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉的制作方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)中姬松茸子实体由姬松茸菌丝体代替,步骤(3)中姬松茸子实体干粉10-25份由姬松茸菌丝体干粉1-5份代替。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉的制作方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)中羊肚菌子实体由羊肚菌菌丝体代替,步骤(3)中羊肚菌子实体干粉5-20份由羊肚菌菌丝体干粉0.5-3份代替。
7.根据权利要求4-6任一所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉的制作方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)将核桃仁、马齿苋、姬松茸子实体和羊肚菌子实体分别清洗后,增加粉碎,再研磨成浆,然后过滤去除5-8%的粗纤维组织、浓缩去除15%-25%的水分,再干燥制得粗干粉,最后将粗干粉二次研磨,制得180目-200目的干粉。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种消除亚健康的混合营养粉的制作方法,其特征在于所述制作方法还包括步骤(4),在无菌环境下称取混合营养粉定量分装为50g/包或500g/桶的成品。
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