CN104430214A - Breeding method and application of robust self-cocoon-emerging stripe double sex-limited marking domestic silkworm variety - Google Patents
Breeding method and application of robust self-cocoon-emerging stripe double sex-limited marking domestic silkworm variety Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of domestic silkworm variety breeding and particularly relates to a breeding method and application of a robust self-cocoon-emerging stripe double sex-limited marking domestic silkworm variety. The breeding method comprises the steps of introducing stripe sex-limited gene into a silkworm variety for production, accordingly improve the comprehensive economic character of the stripe sex-limited gene, introducing the stripe sex-limited gene into short-growth-duration blood relationship through hybridization, and adopting a silkworm moth self-cocoon-emerging method and the like to conduct hybridization and domestication improvement on the stripe sex-limited variety. The male and female silkworms of the bred variety can be separated at a larval phase by utilizing the stripe sex-limited characteristic of the silkworms, silkworm moths can break cocoons and emerge by themselves at a pupal stage, and self-cocoon-emerging rate is higher than 95%. The stripe double sex-limited marking domestic silkworm variety bred by means of the breeding method has the advantages of being short in growth duration, strong and healthy in constitution, excellent in cocoon silk quality, high in self-cocoon-emerging rate and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to silkworm improved seeds and cultivate field, be specifically related to a kind of robustness from the breeding method and the application that go out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle.
Background technology
Silkworm egg is the indispensable important means of production of Sericultural production, is the basis that Silk industry is depended on for existence and development.But owing to constantly increasing by labor cost, the factors such as the means of production significantly appreciate affect, seed station benefit is caused to go from bad to worse, add that China's economic society is fast-developing, urbanization paces are accelerated, surplus rural labor force is in short supply, ageing phenomenon is serious, particularly to cut the cocoon point male and female link working time at kind of a cocoon tight for seed station, task weight, recruitment cost rises steadily (as the just 10 yuan/people/sky of seed station day work when 1996, but in recent years rise to 110 ~ 120 yuan/people/sky) and often also ask not enough people, these problems seriously govern the survival and development of silkworm egg production unit, cause indivedual seed station significantly to lose year after year, production scale and productivity effect are seriously wound.
The sex-limited system of speckle is that make the female of incubation Silkworm varieties be speckle silkworm, hero is plain spot silkworm speckle group translocation on W chromosome.The two sex-limited Silkworm varieties of speckle, in being exactly, Japanese original seed and common species, sex can be marked with obvious speckle in larval phase, namely female silkworm is common spot (flower silkworm), male silkworm is plain spot (white silkworm), thus in 4 ~ 5 length of times of larva namely by the presence or absence of speckle, offer an explanation out the special Silkworm varieties of male and female sex exactly.But under normal circumstances, no matter be the conventional Silkworm varieties of existing production or the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of speckle, because its Cocoon layer ratio is generally higher than 20%, more difficult cocoon-break voluntarily and going out after causing silkworm moth to sprout wings, therefore in order to the emergence improving silkworm moth goes out cocoon rate on producing, generally adopt after cutting cocoon sprout wings again, mating and the production of hybrid seeds, these just more cuts cocoon and pupa time male and female judge low the produced production cost of efficiency.Therefore the cultivation of Labor-saving high-efficiency new silkworm breed is accelerated, realize utilizing the sex-limited feature of the speckle of silkworm larva phase by male and female silkworm separately and Labor-saving, the high efficiency breeding objective of the silkworm moth cocoon-break production of hybrid seeds voluntarily, extremely urgent, help seed station is solved and is released in the labour demand that kind of cocoon cuts cocoon point male and female link, reduce a large amount of recruitments of production of hybrid seeds link, the efficiency and the economic benefit that significantly improve seed station have important practical significance.Meanwhile, along with the deep expansion of Comprehensive Unilization of Silkworm Mulberry, there is the having a extensive future of non-raw silk Silkworm varieties of larva speckle mark sex, silkworm moth cocoon-break voluntarily.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of prior art with not enough, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide the breeding method of a kind of robustness from going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle.
Another object of the present invention is to the application that above-mentioned breeding method is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Robustness, from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, comprises following steps:
(1) respectively with middle system, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race for female parent, with middle system, Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety for male parent, hybridization obtains new man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race and Japanese new pattern of silkworm sex limited race respectively, to obtain new in be family's pattern of silkworm sex limited race and Japanese new pattern of silkworm sex limited race F1 ~ F5 generation respectively adopt 0.2 ~ 1.0g ant mix educate, in F6 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, selection has sex-limited speckle and cocoon shape, cocoon look nearly male parent, reserve seed for planting seed selection in the individuality that integral economic trait is good or moth district, by many for directive breeding, cultivate and possess the sex-limited feature of speckle, and integral economic trait reaches or close to the new speckle sex limited race of producer goods kind, thus realize speckle sex limited gene to import in production Silkworm varieties, improve the object of the integral economic trait of speckle sex limited race,
(2) respectively with new man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race cultivated in step (1), Japanese new pattern of silkworm sex limited race for maternal, with in be short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind, Japanese short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind for male parent, hybridization in obtaining be short breeding time speckle sex limited race and Japanese short breeding time speckle sex limited race; To in obtaining be short breeding time speckle sex limited race and Japanese short breeding time speckle sex limited race F1 ~ F4 generation adopt 0.2 ~ 1.0g ant to mix respectively to educate, select the individuality that integral economic trait is good, adopt silkworm moth from the method moth appearance production of hybrid seeds going out cocoon; In F5 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, and selects individuality that integral economic trait is good or moth district, adopts silkworm moth to reserve seed for planting seed selection from the method going out cocoon; Select more than 7 generations, cultivating from going out that cocoon rate reaches in more than 95% is respectively the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time and the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of Japanese short speckle breeding time;
(3) new man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race adopting silkworm moth to cultivate step (1) from the method going out cocoon, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race carry out domestication and improvement from F16, making it be increased to more than 95% from going out cocoon rate, obtaining man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race after domestication and improvement;
(4) be that man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race in the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time, the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of Japanese short speckle breeding time and step (3) after domestication and improvement, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race are for parent in cultivating in step (2) respectively, with in × in, day × be made into double cross original seed day, in, the hybridization of Japanese double cross original seed obtains quaternary first cross combination, is robustness from going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle;
Man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race as female parent described in step (1) is family's pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLC-13 " in being preferably;
Japanese the pattern of silkworm sex limited race as female parent described in step (1) is preferably Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLJ-01 ";
Described in step (1) as in male parent be existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety be preferably in be existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 932 ";
The Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety as male parent described in step (1) is preferably Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 7532 ";
Described in step (2) as in male parent be short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind be preferably in be low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGC-01 " short breeding time;
The low Cocoon layer ratio kind Japanese short breeding time as male parent described in step (2) is preferably low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGJ-01 " Japanese short breeding time;
Described silkworm moth is after the method going out cocoon refers to the silkworm chrysalis moth in silk cocoon, and by secretion, a kind of protease---silk cocoon is broken a duck eye to silkworm moth by molten cocoon enzyme, and then silkworm moth crawls out and carries out mate and oviposit;
Step (1), the integral economic trait described in (2) are preferably worm pupa rate 60% ~ 100%, cocoon weight 1.00g ~ 2.00g well, Cocoon layer ratio 13.00% ~ 28.00%;
Domestication and improvement described in step (3) refers to the kind of raising cultivation under high temperature and humidity condition, then selects the good individuality of integral economic trait to adopt silkworm moth from the method moth appearance production of hybrid seeds going out cocoon, selects the individuality that certainly can go out cocoon to reserve seed for planting subculture;
Described high temperature and humidity condition is preferably temperature 25 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, humidity 65% ~ 100%;
Step (3) preferably through repeatedly domestication and improvement with realize the vitality of cultivation kind is reached or close to commercial variety level and certainly go out the target that cocoon rate reaches more than 95%;
Described robustness, from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, preferably comprises following steps:
(1) respectively with man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLC-13 ", Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLJ-01 " is maternal, with in be existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 932 ", Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 7532 " is male parent, respectively hybridization obtain new in be speckle sex limited race " SLC-14 " and Japanese speckle sex limited race " SLJ-02 ", the mixing of 0.5g ant is adopted to educate respectively to F1 ~ F5 generation of SLC-14 and SLJ-02 obtained, in F6 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, selection has sex-limited speckle and cocoon shape, cocoon look close relative basis 932 and 7532, reserve seed for planting subculture in the individuality that integral economic trait is good or moth district, by many for directive breeding, cultivate and possess the sex-limited feature of speckle, and integral economic trait reaches or close to new speckle sex limited race SLC-14 and SLJ-02 of producer goods kind, thus realize speckle sex limited gene to import in production Silkworm varieties, improve the object of the integral economic trait of speckle sex limited race,
(2) man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLC-14 " cultivated with step (1) respectively, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLJ-02 " are for maternal, with middle be the individuality of larva element spot in low Cocoon layer ratio kind short breeding time " SGC-01 ", Japanese short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGJ-01 " for male parent, hybridization is short speckle sex limited race breeding time " SGSLC " and Japanese short speckle sex limited race breeding time " SGSLJ " in obtaining; Adopt the mixing of 0.5g ant to educate respectively to F1 ~ F4 generation of " SGSLC " and " SGSLJ " that obtain, select the individuality that integral economic trait is good, adopt silkworm moth from the method moth appearance production of hybrid seeds going out cocoon; In F5 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, and selects individuality that integral economic trait is good or moth district, adopts silkworm moth to reserve seed for planting subculture from going out cocoon method; Select more than 7 generations, cultivating from going out that cocoon rate reaches in more than 95% is respectively the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time " SGSLC " and the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of Japanese short speckle breeding time " SGSLJ ";
(3) silkworm moth is adopted from F16, to carry out domestication and improvement to " SLC-14 " and " SLJ-02 " that step (1) is cultivated from going out cocoon method, to improve it from going out cocoon rate, it is made to be increased to more than 95% from going out cocoon rate, obtain man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race, Japanese the pattern of silkworm sex limited race after domestication and improvement, respectively called after " SLC-14 certainly " and " SLJ-02 certainly ";
(4) be the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time in cultivating in step (2) respectively, the sex-limited Silkworm varieties SGSLC of Japanese short speckle breeding time, man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race in SGSLJ and step (3) after domestication and improvement, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race SLC-14 certainly, SLJ-02 is parent certainly, with in × in, be made into double cross original seed day × day, in, the quaternary first cross combination that Japanese double cross original seed hybridization obtains, combining becomes the two sex-limited four-place combination of robustness skin spot, obtain robustness from going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle " SLC-14 from SGSLC × SLJ-02 from SGSLJ ",
In step (1), the principal character characteristic of described parent " SLC-13 " is: in be bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 19 ~ 23 days, stings middle through 14 ~ 15 days; Worm pupa rate 70% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is oval, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.3 ~ 1.7g, Cocoon layer ratio 22% ~ 26%;
In step (1), the principal character characteristic of described parent " SLJ-01 " is: Japanese bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 21 ~ 23 days, stings middle through 15 ~ 16 days; Worm pupa rate 40%100%; Cocoon shape is girdled the waist, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.4 ~ 1.8g, Cocoon layer ratio 19% ~ 23%;
In step (1), with " SLC-13 " and " 932 " for parent, be that the principal character characteristic of speckle sex limited race " SLC-14 " is in incubation: in be bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 20 ~ 22 days, stings middle through 13 ~ 14 days; Worm pupa rate 80% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is oval, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.2 ~ 1.5g, Cocoon layer ratio 19% ~ 22%;
In step (1), with " SLJ-01 " and " 7532 " for parent, the principal character characteristic of the Japanese speckle sex limited race " SLJ-02 " of incubation is: Japanese bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 20 ~ 22 days, stings middle through 13 ~ 15 days; Worm pupa rate 80% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is girdled the waist, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.2 ~ 1.7g, Cocoon layer ratio 19% ~ 22%;
In step (2), the principal character characteristic of described parent " SGC-01 " is: in be bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva element spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 17 ~ 19 days, stings middle through 12 ~ 13 days; Worm pupa rate 80% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is oval, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.2 ~ 1.4g, Cocoon layer ratio 16% ~ 18%;
In step (2), the principal character characteristic of described parent " SGJ-01 " is: Japanese bivoltine tetramolter kind; Ovum redness of the skin or complexion; The general spot of larva (having minority element spot silkworm); Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 20 ~ 22 days, stings middle through 13 ~ 14 days; Worm pupa rate 40% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is girdled the waist, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.2 ~ 1.4g, Cocoon layer ratio 15% ~ 17%;
In step (2), with " SLC-14 " and " SGC-01 " for parent, be that the principal character characteristic of short speckle sex limited race breeding time " SGSLC " is in incubation: in be bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 18 ~ 20 days, stings middle through 12 ~ 14 days, worm pupa rate 90% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is oval, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.1 ~ 1.7g, Cocoon layer ratio 17% ~ 19%, goes out cocoon rate 90% ~ 100% certainly;
In step (2), with " SLJ-02 " and " SGJ-01 " for parent, the Japanese short speckle sex limited race breeding time " SGSLJ " be bred as, because isolate redness of the skin or complexion ovum and black ovum from F2 generation, two kinds of ovum looks all hatch red ant and black ant, so only select in black ovum the ovum circle hatching complete black newly-hatched silkworm to reserve seed for planting, select through 6 generations, be black ovum, black ant to F7 generation.Its principal character characteristic is: Japanese bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 18 ~ 22 days, stings middle through 12 ~ 14 days, worm pupa rate 80% ~ 100%; Cocoon shape is girdled the waist, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.2 ~ 1.5g, Cocoon layer ratio 16% ~ 19%, goes out cocoon rate 90% ~ 100% certainly;
In step (3), described " SLC-14 from " and " SLJ-02 from " its principal character characteristic and " SLC-14 " and " SLJ-02 " are more or less the same (without significant difference), but certainly go out cocoon rate and increase;
In step (4), described robustness from the principal character characteristic going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle " SLC-14 from SGSLC × SLJ-02 from SGSLJ " is: quaternary first cross kind, larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Silkworm hatching, molting, homogeneous of being placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons, silkworm body is strong, certainly goes out cocoon rate and reaches more than 95%, and easily raise, easily breed, moultinism and diapause stable performance, integral economic trait is excellent;
Described integral economic trait is preferably worm pupa rate 80% ~ 100%, cocoon weight 1.10g ~ 1.80g well, Cocoon layer ratio 16.00% ~ 23.00%.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
(1) the two sex limited race of speckle that the present invention cultivates can utilize the sex-limited feature of the speckle of silkworm by male and female silkworm separately in larval phase, and silkworm chrysalis can cocoon-break and going out voluntarily after cocoon internalization moth, reach more than 95% from going out cocoon rate, other Major Economic reaches or close to the level of commercial variety.
(2) this kind has that breeding time is short, physique is strong, Quality of Stored Cocoon And Silk is excellent, certainly go out cocoon rate high.Breeding time short just meaning decreases with mulberry amount and artificial making time, and larva judges that male and female are fast accurate and it is in great shortage and save a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources expenditure that expend because kind of cocoon cuts cocoon mirror pupa seed station can be helped to solve labour from the advantage going out cocoon, reduce silkworm egg production cost, directly can exempt the maximum kind cocoon of seed station amount of labour used demand and cut cocoon point male and female link, and ensure the male and female separation rate of 100%, reduce a large amount of recruitments of production of hybrid seeds link simultaneously, greatly improve hybrid seed yield and quality of silkworm eggs, thus significantly improve efficiency and the economic benefit of seed station.
(3) in addition, by realize male and female silkworm divide support and male and female cocoon separate filature, also effectively can improve Raw Silk Production and the grade of reeling mill, significantly improve the economic benefit of reeling mill; Also have broad application prospects in the medicine food exploitation of silkworm.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In be " 932 " in existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety, Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 7532 " provides by Guangdong Silkworm Spread Center and (to look after one's family, Shen Changping, Yao Fuguang, with the incubation [J] of new varieties 932 lotuses × Hunan sunshine 7532 (No. two, Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces) in. autumn in silkworm summer. Guangxi silkworm industry, 1995, (1): 44 ~ 48.)
" SLC-13 ", " SLJ-01 ", " SGC-01 ", " SGJ-01 " these four cultivated silkworm breed varieties are bought in Guangdong Silkworm Spread Center;
Embodiment 1
(1) be maternal with man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLC-13 ", with in be existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 932 " for male parent, hybridization is speckle sex limited race " SLC-14 " in obtaining; Be maternal with Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLJ-01 ", with Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 7532 " for male parent, hybridization obtains speckle sex limited race Japanese " SLJ-02 "; The mixing of 0.5g ant is adopted to educate respectively to F1 ~ F5 generation of " SLC-14 " and " SLJ-02 " that obtain, in F6 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, select there is sex-limited speckle and cocoon shape, cocoon look close relative this 932 and 7532, the good individuality of integral economic trait or moth district reserve seed for planting subculture, by the directive breeding of 17 generations, be bred as new family's integument spot sex limited race " SLC-14 " and " SLJ-02 ", possesses the sex-limited feature of speckle, and integral economic trait reaches or close to producer goods kind, illustrate successful by speckle sex limited gene importing production Silkworm varieties.Wherein, the principal character characteristic of " SLC-14 " is: in be bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 21 days, stings middle through 14 days; Worm pupa rate 92.36%; Cocoon shape is oval, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.42g, Cocoon layer ratio 20.33%; The principal character characteristic of " SLJ-02 " is: Japanese bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 21 days, stings middle through 14 days; Worm pupa rate 89.01%; Cocoon shape is girdled the waist, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.35g, Cocoon layer ratio 19.43%.
(2) " SLC-14 " that cultivate with step (1) for maternal, middle be short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGC-01 " be male parent, hybridization is short speckle sex limited race breeding time " SGSLC " in obtaining; " SLJ-02 " that cultivate with step (1), for maternal, the silkworm of low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGJ-01 " Japanese short breeding time middle larva element spot is male parent, and hybridization obtains Japanese short speckle sex limited race breeding time " SGSLJ "; Adopting the mixing of 0.5g ant to educate respectively to F1 ~ F4 generation of " SGSLC " and " SGSLJ " that obtain, select the individuality that economic characters are good, adopting from going out cocoon method moth appearance production of hybrid seeds subculture; In F5 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, and select individuality that economic characters are good or moth district, adopt and to reserve seed for planting subculture from going out cocoon method, through the cultivation in 15 ~ 20 generations, cultivating from going out that cocoon rate reaches in more than 95% is respectively the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time and the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of Japanese short speckle breeding time; F6 starts to carry out early stage combining ability test, the two hybridization is made into binary first cross combination " SGSLC × SGSLJ ", compare with No. two, existing production kind Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces, Guangdong (9 Hunan, cottonrose hibiscus × 7), analyzed by coordinate force early prediction, the production capacity of the two sex limited race of the speckle be bred as with target of prediction; Wherein, the principal character characteristic of " SGSLC " that cultivate is: in be bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 19 days, stings middle through 14 days, worm pupa rate 94.38%; Cocoon shape is oval, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.52g, Cocoon layer ratio 17.97%, goes out cocoon rate 95.20% certainly; Described " SGSLJ ", because isolate redness of the skin or complexion ovum and black ovum from F2 generation, two kinds of ovum looks all hatch red ant and black ant, so only select in black ovum the ovum circle hatching complete black newly-hatched silkworm to reserve seed for planting subculture.Select through 6 generations, be black ovum, black ant to F7 generation.Its principal character characteristic is: Japanese bivoltine tetramolter kind; Larva has sex-limited speckle, and female silkworm is general spot, and male silkworm is plain spot; Hasten the hatching of silkworms through 10 days, larval phase, through 20 days, stings middle through 14 days, worm pupa rate 85.55%; Cocoon shape is girdled the waist, and cocoon look pure white; Cocoon weight 1.37g, Cocoon layer ratio 18.04%, goes out cocoon rate 97.18% certainly.
(3) from going out cocoon method, domestication and improvement is carried out (in high temperature and humidity condition (temperature 25 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C to " SLC-14 " and " SLJ-02 " that step (1) is cultivated with silkworm moth, humidity 65% ~ 100%) under raise the kind of cultivation, then the good individuality of integral economic trait is selected to adopt silkworm moth from going out the production of hybrid seeds of cocoon method moth appearance, the individuality that selection can go out cocoon is certainly reserved seed for planting subculture), called after " SLC-14 from " and " SLJ-02 oneself " respectively; Be found that by domestication and improvement, " SLC-14 from " of acquisition and " SLJ-02 from " its principal character characteristic and " SLC-14 " and " SLJ-02 " are more or less the same, but certainly go out cocoon rate and increase (see table 1).
(4) be SLC-14 in the speckle sex limited race cultivated with step (3) from and the SGSLC that cultivates of step (2) be parent, be " SLC-14 is from SGSLC " in the sex-limited double cross original seed of assembly cutification spot.With the Japanese SLC-14 of speckle sex limited race cultivated with step (3) from and the SGSLC that cultivates of step (2) be parent, assembly cutification spot sex-limited double cross original seed Japanese " SLJ-02 is from SGSLJ ", investigate its sericulture achievement and certainly go out cocoon rate, referring to table 2.Result shows, the worm pupa rate of middle system original seed and Japanese original seed is respectively 96.55%, 92.75%, certainly goes out cocoon rate and is respectively 96.75%, 97.65%.
(5) for Experimental Comparison be bred as " SGSLC " and " SGSLJ " certainly go out cocoon level, " SLC-14 from " that " SLC-14 ", " SLJ-02 " that the present invention obtains with step (1) respectively and step (3) obtain and " SLJ-02 from " is for contrasting, carry out certainly going out cocoon comparative trial in July, 2012, in October, 2012 and in June, 2013, referred to table 1.Result shows: the cocoon rate that certainly goes out of " SGSLC " is 96.92%, than " SLC-14 ", " SLC-14 certainly " difference high 6.29% and 4.43%; And the cocoon rate that certainly goes out of " SGSLJ " is 96.96, than " SLJ-02 ", " SLJ-02 from " respectively high by 9.27,7.55%.
(6) the double cross original seed " SLC-14 is from SGSLC " step (4) assembly obtained and " SLJ-02 is from SGSLJ " hybridization combine robustness skin spot pair sex-limited four-place combination " SLC-14 from SGSLC × SLJ-02 from SGSLJ ", compare with the existing production kind in Guangdong " 9 Hunan, cottonrose hibiscus × 7 ", carry out sericulture test, every economic characters are to check SLC-14 oneself, SGSLC, SLJ-02 coordinate force certainly and between SGSLJ by inquiry, thus the production capacity of the two sex limited race of the speckle of prediction incubation, refer to table 3.Result shows: " SLC-14 from SGSLC × SLJ-02 from SGSLJ " its full age is through than contrast kind of a short 19h, worm pupa rate, a silk length, unwinding Silk Mill, reelability percentage, certainly go out cocoon rate all exceed contrast kind, wherein reach 98.94% from going out cocoon rate, illustrates that speckle pair sex limited race that the present invention cultivates has that breeding time is short, physique is strong, Quality of Stored Cocoon And Silk is excellent, certainly go out cocoon rate high.
The silkworm moth of each kind of table 1 is from going out cocoon rate
The sericulture achievement of the sex-limited double cross original seed of table 2 skin spot
Table 3 " SLC-14 from SGSLC × SLJ-02 from SGSLJ " (reciprocal cross) laboratory qualification achievement
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. robustness is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) respectively with middle system, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race for female parent, with middle system, Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety for male parent, hybridization obtains new man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race and Japanese new pattern of silkworm sex limited race respectively; To obtain new in be family's pattern of silkworm sex limited race and Japanese new pattern of silkworm sex limited race F1 ~ F5 generation respectively adopt 0.2 ~ 1.0g ant mix educate, in F6 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, select there is sex-limited speckle the seed selection and reserve seed for planting in the good individuality of cocoon shape, cocoon look nearly male parent, integral economic trait or moth district, by many for directive breeding, cultivate and possess the sex-limited feature of speckle, and integral economic trait reaches or close to the new speckle sex limited race of producer goods kind;
(2) respectively with new man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race cultivated in step (1), Japanese new pattern of silkworm sex limited race for maternal, with in be short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind, Japanese short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind for male parent, hybridization in obtaining be short breeding time speckle sex limited race and Japanese short breeding time speckle sex limited race; To in obtaining be short breeding time speckle sex limited race and Japanese short breeding time speckle sex limited race F1 ~ F4 generation adopt 0.2 ~ 1.0g ant to mix respectively to educate, select the individuality that integral economic trait is good, adopt silkworm moth from the method moth appearance production of hybrid seeds going out cocoon; In F5 generation, starts to adopt one batch rearing, and selects individuality that integral economic trait is good or moth district, adopts silkworm moth to reserve seed for planting seed selection from the method going out cocoon; Select more than 7 generations, cultivating from going out that cocoon rate reaches in more than 95% is respectively the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time and the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of Japanese short speckle breeding time;
(3) new man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race adopting silkworm moth to cultivate step (1) from the method going out cocoon, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race carry out domestication and improvement from F16, making it be increased to more than 95% from going out cocoon rate, obtaining man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race after domestication and improvement;
(4) be that man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race in the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of short speckle breeding time, the sex-limited Silkworm varieties of Japanese short speckle breeding time and step (3) after domestication and improvement, Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race are for parent in cultivating in step (2) respectively, with in × in, day × be made into double cross original seed day, in, the hybridization of Japanese double cross original seed obtains quaternary first cross combination, is robustness from going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle.
2. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
Man of the middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race as female parent described in step (1) is man of middle system pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLC-13 ".
3. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
Japanese the pattern of silkworm sex limited race as female parent described in step (1) is Japanese pattern of silkworm sex limited race " SLJ-01 ".
4. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
Described in step (1) is existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 932 " in be existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety in male parent be.
5. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
The Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety as male parent described in step (1) is Japanese existing production cultivated silkworm breed variety " 7532 ".
6. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
Described in step (2) as in male parent be short breeding time low Cocoon layer ratio kind be low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGC-01 " short breeding time in being.
7. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
The low Cocoon layer ratio kind Japanese short breeding time as male parent described in step (2) is low Cocoon layer ratio kind " SGJ-01 " Japanese short breeding time.
8. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
Step (1), the integral economic trait described in (2) are well worm pupa rate 60% ~ 100%, cocoon weight 1.00g ~ 2.00g, Cocoon layer ratio 13.00% ~ 28.00%.
9. robustness according to claim 1 is from the breeding method going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle, it is characterized in that:
Domestication and improvement described in step (3) refers to the kind of raising cultivation under high temperature and humidity condition, then selects the good individuality of integral economic trait to adopt silkworm moth from the method moth appearance production of hybrid seeds going out cocoon, selects the individuality that certainly can go out cocoon to reserve seed for planting subculture;
Described high temperature and humidity condition is temperature 25 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, humidity 65% ~ 100%.
10. the robustness described in any one of claim 1 ~ 9 is from the application of breeding method in silkworm improved seeds cultivation field going out the two sex-limited cultivated silkworm breed variety of cocoon speckle.
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