CN107751122A - With the method for silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material - Google Patents
With the method for silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241001191009 Gymnomyza Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
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Abstract
The invention belongs to silkworm Cultivating techniques field, the method for specially using silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material, four-moulter kind is chosen as female parent, epistasis trimolter place soil species is male parent, by in the moultinism channel genes four-moulter kind of epistasis three of local soil species, the trimolter new material selected only has three dormancy characteristics to come from local soil species, other economic characters, as larva speckle, cocoon type, cocoon color, silk quality character both are from four-moulter kind, and three dormancy rate reach 100%, three moultinisms are stable, and economic characters are excellent.The present invention can carry out the M8003 line for belonging to the excellent economic characters of four-moulter while three moultinisms select, the genotype homozygosity of the trimolter new material of seed selection is high, there are the economic characters of four-moulter again, moultinism can be selected as the excellent trimolter new material of three dormancies, economic characters in the short period of time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to silkworm Cultivating techniques field, specially with the method for silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material.
Background technology
The moultinism for the Silkworm varieties applied in silk cocoon production is four dormancies, cocoon color is white.Four-moulter is hatched to knot from silkworm seed
Cocoon passes through one, two, three, four, 55 age, wherein one, two, three, four ages respectively fell asleep once, respectively casted off a skin once.Because raising passes through
Long, dormancy, a number of processes are more, and technical requirements are high, and labor intensity is big, is unfavorable for scale and efficiently raises.Therefore, by ground necromancer
Three dormancy characteristics of kind import four and slept, in white cocoon Silkworm varieties, select moultinism and are slept for three, cocoon color is the trimolter new material of white.
The dormancy of trimolter kind, a number of processes are few, raise through too short, food mulberry amount is few, it is possible to achieve the silkworm batch production of one, two, three ages is total to
Educate, four ages divided " breeding silkworms for 7 days " new model that family is raised.Meanwhile the trimolter size of cocoon filament is thin, high-grade fine denier can be produced
Raw silk.
Wood is favorably with the hybridization fixed race seed selection trimolter kind with three moultinisms.Such as：
1. 1997, He Yiyuan, He Simei in × the hybridization fixed dominant three moultinisms Silkworm varieties " three light " that form in Europe are
Female parent, " rich one " is male parent to existing summer and autumn four-moulter kind, and " three light × rich one " cross materialses, pass through the choosing in 4 years 9 generations for preparation
Educate, be bred as trimolter kind " SG ".
2. 2003, He Simei, He Yiyuan etc. were female parent with robustness multifibres amount spring and autumn dual-purpose four-moulter kind 853, in
Dominant trimolter kind that × middle hybridization is fixed to be formed " three sleep white " be male parent, prepares " 853 × tri- sleep in vain " cross materialses, passes through
The seed selection in 18 generations, it is bred as trimolter kind 853B.It it is maternal, day × middle hybridization with robustness summer and autumn with four moultinism Silkworm varieties 54A
" three dormancy B " be male parent to the fixed dominant trimolter kind formed, and " the dormancy B " cross materialses of 54A × tri-, pass through the choosing in 18 generations for preparation
Educate, be bred as trimolter kind 853B.
3. 2010, Guo Dingguo etc. was maternal, He Simei, He Yiyuan with robustness summer and autumn with four-moulter kind 932, lotus
Trimolter kind 853B Deng incubation is male parent, and " 932 × 853B ", " lotus × 853B " cross materialses, passed through for 15 generations for preparation
Seed selection, it is bred as trimolter kind " three ", " dragon ".Be with robustness summer and autumn with four-moulter kind 7532, Hunan sunshine it is maternal, He Simei,
The trimolter kind 543B of the incubations such as He Yiyuan is male parent, and " 7532 × 543B ", " Hunan sunshine × 543B " cross materialses, passes through for preparation
The seed selection in 15 generations, it is bred as trimolter kind " remittance ", " source ".
The above technology has in the presence of some shortcomings：
1. its three moultinism parental breed used (maternal or male parent is used as using trimolter kind) be in × Europe hybridization is solid
Kind, in × the solid kind of the middle friendship, day × solid kind of middle hybridization, genetic connection is complicated, and gene homozygosity is low, and moultinism stability is poor, three dormancy rates
100% can not be reached, and under the influence of long-term raising and environment, three dormancy rates decline it is very fast, occur the probability of four-moulter compared with
Greatly, development time different in size, production processing be present, raise the shortcomings that difficult.
2. the body fluid color of its trimolter parental breed used, cocoon type, cocoon color isophenous character and four-moulter parent's phase
Seemingly or difference is smaller, because the economic characters of trimolter parent are poor, in the individual choice of offspring, and in addition to three moultinisms are retained,
It is difficult to the selection for carrying out economic characters simultaneously, rejects the bad economic characters of trimolter parent heredity, ensure that its economic characters is complete
It is the merit of four-moulter parent entirely.Therefore, the technology will also carry out 5-8 continuous generations more than 10 after three moultinism homozygosis
The shortcomings that selection is homozygous, could improve economic characters, the seed selection time length of trimolter kind be present, and seed selection cost is high.
Also have to share the same light in addition and add food chemicals induced trimolter, such as：
1985-1987, Lu Ruifang etc. are with certain density anti-JH analog " SM-1 " to the age of silkworm 3 or 4 ages
Larva adds food, can 100% induced trimolter.
1987, big Huan in the village etc. " resisted 20 " to add the age of silkworm 3 or 4 instar larvaes with the anti-JH active material for determining concentration
Food, also can 100% induced trimolter.
Add food chemical substance induced trimolter to drug concentration, add that food time etc. technical requirements are high, and labor intensity is big, suitably
Raised on a small scale in laboratory or rural area, the shortcomings that more difficult is being applied in large-scale production.Add food chemical substance to environment and behaviour
Make personnel's health to have a great influence, the shortcomings that being unfavorable for environmental protection.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of method with silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material,
It is new using the big feature seed selection trimolter of homozygous trimolter place soil species and four-moulter kind morphological characters, economic characters difference
Material, the directive breeding method of three moultinisms and excellent economic characters can be carried out simultaneously, highly shortened the new material seed selection time,
The three moultinism homozygosities and stability of new material are high.
Concrete technical scheme is：
With the method for silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material, including procedure below：
(1) four-moulter kind is chosen as female parent, and described four-moulter kind is Chinese system kind or Japanese system kind；
Epistasis trimolter place soil species is male parent；Combine cross materialses：Chinese system four-moulter kind (+M/+M) × trimolter place
Soil species (M3/M3), referred to as：In 3；Japanese system four-moulter kind (+M/+M) × trimolter place soil species (M3/M3), referred to as：
Day 3；F1 generation is designated as respectively；
3, the cross materialses F1 generation of day 3 in (2) raising respectively, entirely trimolter (+M/M3), its larva body fluid is yellow, body
Color is glossy shinny, all yellow of silk cocoon；Wherein, 3 silk cocoon is nib type in；The silk cocoon of day 3 is beam waist type burner；In selecting respectively
3rd, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of characteristics of cocoons and cocoon filament is reserved seed for planting and is selfed subculture in the silk cocoon of day 3, is designated as F2 generations；
(3) 3, the F2 generations of day 3, moultinism isolate three dormancies and four-moulter in raising respectively, in two ages and three age grade sections, eliminate
The food mulberry time is short, four-moulter individual that is falling asleep ahead of time, retain the food mulberry time is long, fall asleep late, body colour glossy shinny trimolter
Body continues to raise, and eliminates the 4th individual fallen asleep in raising colony, the individual that raising is only slept three times again in four ages；It is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons
After cocooing, in cocoon types in 3 raising colonies isolate two kinds of cocoon types of ellipse and nib type, raise the cocoon type point in colony day 3
Separate out two kinds of cocoon types of beam waist type burner and nib type, in 3, the cocoon color of day 3 all isolate white and two kinds of colors of yellow；In 3 selection cocoon types
Pure white for ellipse, cocoon color, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters, which is reserved seed for planting, is selfed subculture, and the selection of day 3 cocoon type is beam waist type burner, cocoon color
Pure white, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters, which is reserved seed for planting, is selfed subculture, is designated as F3 generations.
(4) in 3, the F3 generations of day 3, in units of moth area, establish each moth area seed selection generation strain during single moth is raised respectively, expands
The number of animals raised；In 3 selection silkworm seeds be celadon, to select silkworm seed day 3 be taupe, ovum Liang Duoe areas carry out single moth raising, observation
The developmental state of each raising each age silkworm in moth area, selects and remain and occurs completely without four-moulter, and the trimolter moth area raising that molting is neat,
Eliminate the moth area for still thering is four-moulter to occur；After upper cluster is cocoond, in 3 select and remain cocoon type for ellipse, cocoon color it is pure white, economic characters are excellent
Male and female silk cocoon reserve seed for planting selfing subculture, select and remain that cocoon type is pure white for beam waist type burner, cocoon color, and the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters stays day 3
Kind selfing subculture, is designated as F4 generations, different lines of the 3, day 3 with kind difference moth area in foundation；
(5) different lines of 3, day 3 in pressing, single moth raise the F4 generations in moth area of respectively reserving seed for planting, continue to select and remain and no longer isolate four dormancies
The moth area raising of silkworm individual, eliminates the moth area for still having four-moulter individual to occur；It is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons after cocooing, selects cocoon type, cocoon color, detection d cube
Achievement is 3 with, the close moth area of the four-moulter parent of day 3 and individual are reserved seed for planting subculture, eliminates moultinism still in the moth area of separation, is designated as
F5 generations；
(6) after F5 generations, moth area and individual choice is carried out, further improves the economic characters such as cocoon quality.
The larva body fluid of the epistasis trimolter place soil species used is yellow, and silkworm body is tiny, and body colour is glossy shinny, and cocoon type is
Nib type, cocoon color are yellow, and silkworm seed is yellowish red color, egg laying amount is few, dead ovum is more, incubation rate is low, the larva body with four-moulter kind
Liquid is colourless, and silkworm body is sturdy, body colour Bluish white, and cocoon type is oval (Chinese system kind) or beam waist type burner (Japanese system kind),
Cocoon color is white, and silkworm seed is celadon (Chinese system kind) or taupe (Japanese system kind), is differed greatly, and can be slept three
The M8003 line for belonging to the excellent economic characters of four-moulter is carried out while Sexual behavior mode, the genotype of the trimolter new material of seed selection is pure
Right height, there are the economic characters of four-moulter again, it is excellent for three dormancies, economic characters to select moultinism in the short period of time
Trimolter new material.Therefore, the trimolter that in the moultinism channel genes four-moulter kind of epistasis three of local soil species, will be selected
New material only has three dormancy characteristics to come from local soil species, other economic characters, such as larva speckle, cocoon type, cocoon color, silk quality character
It both is from four-moulter kind, and three dormancy rates reach 100%, three moultinisms are stable, and economic characters are excellent.
Method provided by the invention with silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material, beneficial effect
(1) purpose of seed selection trimolter new material is excellent by using preferable trimolter basic material and economic characters
Four-moulter basic material, carry out M8003 line and the raising of three moultinisms and excellent economic characters simultaneously within a short period of time.This
The larva body fluid for inventing the epistasis trimolter place soil species used is yellow, and silkworm body is tiny, and body colour is glossy shinny, and cocoon type is nib
Type, cocoon color are yellow, and silkworm seed is yellowish red color, and the larva body fluid with four-moulter kind is colourless, and silkworm body is sturdy, body colour Bluish white,
Cocoon type is oval (Chinese system kind) or beam waist type burner (Japanese system kind), and cocoon color is white, and silkworm seed is celadon (system of China
Unite kind) or taupe (Japanese system kind), differ greatly, can carry out belonging to four-moulter excellent while three moultinisms select
The M8003 line of economic characters improves, and the genotype homozygosity of the trimolter new material of seed selection is high, again excellent with four-moulter
Economic characters, moultinism can be selected as the excellent trimolter green wood of three dormancies, economic characters within the short period in 2 years 4-5 generations
Material.
(2) the epistasis trimolter place soil species that the present invention uses, it is by long-term domestication and natural selection, and long-time
In geographical state of isolation, subculture of being reserved seed for planting in population in the form of selfing, with extraneous exchanging without inhereditary material, genotype is pure
Right height, without four recessive moultinism genes, with after four-moulter mixing breed, selecting three moultinism new materials to eliminate four as early as possible
Dormancy characteristic, makes three moultinisms homozygous and stably.
Brief description of the drawings
Chinese system trimolter breed breeding moultinism and economic characters gene pure figure in Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention 1；
Japanese system trimolter breed breeding moultinism and economic characters gene pure figure in Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the concrete technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is female parent with the excellent Chinese system four-moulter kind " 925 " of detection d cube, trimolter place soil species " big hair " is father
This, combines cross materialses " 925 × big hair " (referred to as：In 3).
As shown in figure 1, the technical scheme more than carries out seed selection, it is real to have selected stable trimolter in F4 generations
With in Silkworm varieties 3.
In 3 name for " another name for Sichuan Province 33 ", moultinism be three sleep, cocoon type is ellipse, and cocoon color is pure white, cocoon weight 1.86g, cocoon shell weight
0.410g, Cocoon layer ratio 22.08%, the economic characters for having reached its female parent 925 are horizontal.The trimolter new material selected is reached
Only three dormancy characteristics come from local soil species, other economic characters, as larva speckle, cocoon type, cocoon color, silk quality character both are from
In four-moulter kind, and three dormancy rates reach 100%, and three moultinisms are stable, the excellent purpose of economic characters.
Embodiment 2
It is female parent with the excellent Japanese system four-moulter kind " 922 " of detection d cube, trimolter place soil species " two maos " is father
This, combines cross materialses " 922 × bis- maos " (referred to as：Day is 3).
As shown in Fig. 2 the technical scheme more than carries out seed selection, it is real to have selected stable trimolter in F4 generations
With Silkworm varieties day 3.
Name day 3 as " river 34 ", moultinism are three dormancies, and cocoon type is beam waist type burner, and cocoon color is pure white, cocoon weight 1.79g, cocoon shell weight
0.368g, Cocoon layer ratio 20.77%.Having reached the trimolter new material selected only has three dormancy characteristics to come from local soil species,
Other economic characters, as larva speckle, cocoon type, cocoon color, silk quality character both are from four-moulter kind, and three dormancy rates reach
100%, three moultinisms are stable, the excellent purpose of economic characters.
Comparative example
Using epistasis trimolter place soil species as female parent, with the excellent four-moulter kind of economic characters (Chinese system kind or
Japanese system kind) it is male parent, cross materialses trimolter place soil species × four-moulter is combined, is selected equally reach
Goal of the invention, still, due to belonging to plan matrocliny by female parent, ovum color, egg laying amount heredity of epistasis trimolter place soil species, its
The ovum color of the trimolter new material of seed selection is maternal yellowish red color, and egg laying amount is few, dead ovum is more, incubation rate is low, is passed through in silkworm egg production
Benefit of helping is low, and the trimolter new material egg laying amount selected without four-moulter × trimolter place soil species is more, dead ovum is few, incubation rate
It is high.
Claims (2)
1. with the method for silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material, it is characterised in that including procedure below：
(1) four-moulter kind is chosen as female parent, and epistasis trimolter place soil species is male parent；Combine cross materialses：It is designated as F1 generation；
(2) cross materialses F1 generation, entirely trimolter are raised, selects the male and female silk cocoon that characteristics of cocoons and cocoon filament is excellent in silk cocoon to reserve seed for planting certainly
Subculture is handed over, is designated as F2 generations；
(3) F2 generations are raised respectively, and moultinism isolates three dormancies and four-moulter, and in two ages and three age grade sections, the superseded food mulberry time is short, carries
The four-moulter individual early fallen asleep, the reservation food mulberry time is long, slow, the glossy shinny trimolter individual of body colour of falling asleep continues to raise,
Four ages eliminated the 4th individual fallen asleep in raising colony, the individual that raising is only slept three times again；It is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons after cocooing, selects cocoon
Type is that cocoon color is pure white, and the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters, which is reserved seed for planting, is selfed subculture, is designated as F3 generations.
(4) in single moth raising F3 generations, in units of moth area, each moth area seed selection generation strain is established, expands the number of animals raised；Select silkworm seed,
Ovum Liang Duoe areas carry out single moth raising, observe the developmental state of each raising each age silkworm in moth area, select and remain completely no four-moulter and go out
It is existing, and the trimolter moth area raising that molting is neat, eliminate the moth area for still thering is four-moulter to occur；After upper cluster is cocoond, it is clean to select and remain cocoon type
In vain, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters, which is reserved seed for planting, is selfed subculture, is designated as F4 generations, establishes the different lines in different moth areas；
(5) different lines are pressed, single moth raises the F4 generations in moth area of respectively reserving seed for planting, and continues to select and remain the moth area for no longer isolating four-moulter individual
Raising, eliminate the moth area for still thering is four-moulter individual to occur；It is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons after cocooing, selects cocoon type, cocoon color, detection d cube achievement and four-moulter
The close moth area of parent and individual are reserved seed for planting subculture, are eliminated moultinism still in the moth area of separation, are designated as F5 generations；
(6) after F5 generations, moth area and individual choice is carried out, further improves the economic characters such as cocoon quality.
2. the method according to claim 1 with silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material, it is characterised in that including
Procedure below：
(1) four-moulter kind is chosen as female parent, and described four-moulter kind is Chinese system kind or Japanese system kind；Epistasis
Trimolter place soil species is male parent；Combine cross materialses：Chinese system four-moulter kind × trimolter place soil species, referred to as
For：In 3；Japanese system four-moulter kind × trimolter place soil species, referred to as：Day 3；F1 generation is designated as respectively；
(2) 3, the cross materialses F1 generation of day 3, entirely trimolter, its larva body fluid are yellow in raising respectively, the glossy hair of body colour
It is bright, all yellow of silk cocoon；Wherein, 3 silk cocoon is nib type in；The silk cocoon of day 3 is beam waist type burner；The 3, silkworm of day 3 in selecting respectively
The excellent male and female silk cocoon of characteristics of cocoons and cocoon filament, which is reserved seed for planting, in cocoon is selfed subculture, is designated as F2 generations；
(3) 3, the F2 generations of day 3, moultinism isolate three dormancies and four-moulter in raising respectively, in two ages and three age grade sections, eliminate food mulberry
The four-moulter individual that time is short, falls asleep ahead of time, retain the food mulberry time is long, fall asleep late, the glossy shinny trimolter individual of body colour after
Continuous raising, eliminate the 4th individual fallen asleep in raising colony, the individual that raising is only slept three times again in four ages；It is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons and cocoons
Afterwards, the cocoon type in 3 raising colonies isolates two kinds of cocoon types of ellipse and nib type, and the cocoon type that day 3 is raised in colony is isolated
Two kinds of cocoon types of beam waist type burner and nib type, in 3, the cocoon color of day 3 all isolate white and two kinds of colors of yellow；In 3 selection cocoon types be ellipse
It is round, cocoon color is pure white, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters reserve seed for planting selfing subculture, day 3 select cocoon type be beam waist type burner, cocoon color it is clean
In vain, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters, which is reserved seed for planting, is selfed subculture, is designated as F3 generations.
(4) in 3, the F3 generations of day 3 during single moth is raised respectively, in units of moth area, each moth area seed selection generation strain is established, expands raising
Amount；In 3 selection silkworm seeds be celadon, to select silkworm seed day 3 be taupe, ovum Liang Duoe areas carry out single moth raising, observe each feeding
The developmental state of each age silkworm in silkworm moth area, select and remain and occur completely without four-moulter, and the trimolter moth area raising that molting is neat, eliminate
Still there is the moth area that four-moulter occurs；After upper cluster is cocoond, in 3, economic characters excellent female pure white for ellipse, cocoon color of selecting and remain cocoon type
Male silk cocoon is reserved seed for planting selfing subculture, and it is pure white for beam waist type burner, cocoon color to select and remain cocoon type day 3, the excellent male and female silk cocoon of economic characters reserve seed for planting from
Subculture is handed over, is designated as F4 generations, different lines of the 3, day 3 with kind difference moth area in foundation；
(5) different lines of 3, day 3 in pressing, single moth raise the F4 generations in moth area of respectively reserving seed for planting, and continue to select and remain and no longer isolate four-moulter
Ti E areas raise, and eliminate the moth area for still having four-moulter individual to occur；It is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons after cocooing, selects cocoon type, cocoon color, detection d cube achievement
The close moth area of the four-moulter parent of 3, day 3 and individual are reserved seed for planting subculture with, are eliminated moultinism still in the moth area of separation, are designated as F5
Generation；
(6) after F5 generations, moth area and individual choice is carried out, further improves the economic characters such as cocoon quality.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN110063306A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-30 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | The quantifiable silk cocoon individual choice method for maintaining silkworm mother seeds of original silkworm egg intrinsic properties |
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| CN114027269A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-02-11 | 辽宁省蚕业科学研究所 | Low-temperature stress induced resistance breeding method for tussah larva |
| CN114642191A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-06-21 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for hybridization between different bean hawkmoth geographic populations |
| CN115606553A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-01-17 | 西南大学 | Breeding method of restricted red-egg silkworm variety suitable for separate breeding and separate reeling of male and female silkworms |
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