CN104429571A - Earthing, draught-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for autumn planting fresh food corn - Google Patents
Earthing, draught-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for autumn planting fresh food corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429571A CN104429571A CN201410822602.5A CN201410822602A CN104429571A CN 104429571 A CN104429571 A CN 104429571A CN 201410822602 A CN201410822602 A CN 201410822602A CN 104429571 A CN104429571 A CN 104429571A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses an earthing, draught-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for autumn planting fresh food corn. The cultivation method comprises the steps that (A) cleaning stubbles, wherein the stubbles of spring crop are cleaned for 6-7 cm through shallow rotary tillage or manpower, and bed surfaces being 120 cm wide and bed furrows being 40 cm wide are reserved; (B) conducting ditching, wherein sowing furrows are transversely dug in the bed surfaces, the depth of each sowing furrow is about 6 cm, and the row distance of the sowing furrows is 40 cm; (C) conducting sowing, wherein single grain sowing is conducted evenly along the seeding furrows, about 4500 plants are reserved in per mu through final singling after full stand; (D) conducting watering, wherein enough bottom water is poured into the sowing furrows; (E) covering seeds, wherein when no water can be seen in the sowing furrows, the seeds are covered with fine soil instantly, and the depth of the fine soil covering the corn seeds is about 4 cm; (F) conducting earthing, wherein the sowing furrows are covered with fine soil until wet soil on the sowing furrows in the bed surfaces cannot be seen, and the depth of the fine soil covering the corn seeds is about 5 cm; (G) keeping a full stand of seedlings, wherein before and after the full stand of the corn seedlings, insects, hares, wide pigeons and the like are prevented from damaging the tender seedlings; (H) preserving moisture, wherein the bed surfaces are covered with fine soil once every six days after sowing in principle, after rain, when the soil is suitable for cultivation, the bed surfaces are covered with fine soil in time, moisture evaporation is reduced, the bed surfaces are covered with fine soil 4-5 times within 20 days after sowing, and the depth of the fine soil during each covering is about 0.8 cm; and (I) conducting management, wherein daily management is conducted well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of autumn planting fresh edible maize, before particularly relating to China Yangtze river basin the beginning of autumn early August, volt ploughs the nonirrigated farmland of leisure, the methods of cultivation of autumn planting fresh edible maize earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.
Background technology
In recent years, the fresh edible maize such as sweet corn, waxy corn cultivated area expands year by year, becomes the new highlight in agricultural restructuring.Before the beginning of autumn early August, rabi results rise the kind of stubble often, are the crops for rotation that volt ploughs leisure.Raise the multiple-cropping index, the farming technique of supporting stable high yield, walks to meet the new approach that China's Yangtze river basin development fresh edible maize is produced.
At present, the summer sowing fresh edible maize methods of cultivation, concrete grammar comprises the following steps:
1, the summer harvest, about early June, nonirrigated farmland summer crops results rise stubble;
2, stubble-cleaning, shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning about 8cm, retain the wide furrow face of 120cm and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm;
3, base manure, uses base manure;
4, wholely, cleaning furrow ditch, breaks soil block into pieces, leveling furrow face;
5, sow, with spade cutter dark about 6 cm in cave, every bunch planting kind 2, subsequently with pin bulldoze lid kind, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves, final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
6, manage, carry out intertill and clean tillage, topdress, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
, there is following defect in the above-mentioned summer sowing fresh edible maize methods of cultivation:
Plant fresh edible maize after the summer harvest of nonirrigated farmland about early June, the middle and late growth stage is in the weather in southern high-temperature dry season, and nonirrigated farmland cannot drought resisting, and the Rate of climatic guarantee of good harvest only about 50%, is not suitable for summer sowing fresh edible maize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is southern dry land plantation fresh edible maize, change into the summer sowing after the early June summer harvest, is the autumn planting after rabi results before the beginning of autumn early August.The double-cropping system system of namely harvesting and sowing in summer, changes cornfield interplanting watermelon etc. into melon, wheat, melon, fresh corn three crops per annual system.Overcome the weather condition of the easy seed decay and seedling death of high temperature and drought autumn planting on hot summer days corn, strive Qi Miao and save seedling from damage, a kind of autumn planting fresh edible maize earthing keeping crop seedling from drought is provided, stable and high yields, the efficiently methods of cultivation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of autumn planting fresh edible maize earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation comprise the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, at the beginning of 8 months, rabi rises stubble, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally open up seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select the short fresh edible maize kind can gathered in the crops mid-November breeding time, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow; About Qi Miaohou every mu final singling 4500 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, in hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, autumn planting fresh edible maize after planting, dark furrow ditch, soil crushing, covers fine earth, cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.Facts have proved, nonirrigated farmland plantation fresh edible maize, the summer sowing after the early June summer harvest, because the dry season cannot irrigate drought resisting, the Rate of climatic guarantee of good harvest only about 50%, is not suitable for plantation.And rabi crops for rotation plantation fresh edible maize before the beginning of autumn early August, adopt the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, energy degree of safety crosses the weather of high temperature and drought, obtains the Rate of climatic guarantee of good harvest more than 80%, per mu yield commodity corn 4500 fringe, the output value about 1600.Under present invention achieves the weather condition of high temperature and drought on the hot summer days, the three crops per annual cropping system of rabi crops for rotation autumn planting fresh edible maize high and stable yields, change nonirrigated farmland, southern hills upland plain, rabi crops for rotation volt ploughs the present situation of leisure, walk to meet the new approach that south China development fresh edible maize is produced, economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect Yidu are improved.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Beat the field of cave autumn planting fresh edible maize, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, stubble is risen in rabi listing at the beginning of 8 months, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) beat cave, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe and beat cave, dark about the 6cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
C) sow, the fresh edible maize kind selecting gather in the crops mid-November, every bunch planting kind 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
D) water, Nei Jiao vola, cave water, guarantees the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in cave without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of blinding;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, can't see the soil that sowing cave has print wet, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed after earthing;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each fine earth about 0.8cm that covers realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Embodiment 2:
Wide furrow stubble autumn planting fresh edible maize, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, at the beginning of 8 months, rabi rises stubble, retains the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that centre stays 40cm wide, change the furrow face that every furrow 120cm is wide into.Break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally ward off seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select the short fresh edible maize kind can gathered in the crops mid-November breeding time, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, when becoming a fine day after rain that furrow ditch soil is suitable to be ploughed, furrow face covers fine earth in time, reduces water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Claims (1)
1. autumn planting fresh edible maize earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, at the beginning of 8 months, rabi rises stubble, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, through stubble-cleaning whole ground, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch, for earthing provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, while break soil block limit into pieces to ward off ditch, furrow face is laterally warded off seed furrow or is released seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of fine earth on maize seed;
F) earthing, while break soil block limit into pieces to cover fine earth, accomplishes furrow face seed furrow to be can't see the wet soil of print, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed;
G) keep a full stand of seedings, before and after the neat seedling of corn, the tender seedlings of injury such as control insect, hare, rock dove;
H) moisturizing, after emergence of corn, covers a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, after rain, soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting covers fine earth in time, and reduce water evaporates, in after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out daily field management.
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| CN201410822602.5A CN104429571A (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Earthing, draught-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for autumn planting fresh food corn |
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| JPH10127177A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-19 | Ibaraki Pref Gov | Tomato cultivation device and cultivation method |
| CN1817084A (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-16 | 东北师范大学 | Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn |
| CN101911896A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-15 | 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method |
| CN103404335A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-27 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Method for storing moisture and preventing drought in dry farming spring corn area |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN1817084A (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-16 | 东北师范大学 | Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn |
| CN101911896A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-15 | 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |