CN102668842A

CN102668842A - Method for propagating kalimeris indica by adopting rhizome

Info

Publication number: CN102668842A
Application number: CN2012101542465A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘世军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-05-16
Filing date: 2012-05-16
Publication date: 2012-09-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant culture technology, in particular to a method for propagating kalimeris indica by adopting rhizome. The method is characterized in that the kalimeris indica rhizome is dug before the winter, is cut into small sections with the length being 5-8cm and is flatly paved on the bottom of a ditch with the depth being 10cm after the soil preparation, the line distance is 20cm, the strain distance is 10cm, the soil is covered, and the compact pedaling is carried out; after the harvesting completion in April to May in spring, the strains are dug out with the roots, old roots are sheared away, lateral bud parts with the roots are transplanted into the prepared ridge surfaces according to the strain distance being 25cm, three to four strains are planted in each hole, the compact pedaling is carried out, sufficient water is watered, and the buds can survive after 5-7 days; the planting is carried out in August to September in autumn, underground perennial roots are dug, 10-15cm is left over the ground, old branches and old roots are sheared away, the strains are planted onto the ridge surfaces, the cross dressing is carried out in time after the survival so as to promote the tillering. The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the defects of the wild kalimeris indica propagation are overcome, the detects of the technology for artificially planting the kalimeris indica in northwest regions in China are overcome, the rhizome propagation is adopted, the planting scale and the yield of the kalimeris indica are improved, the propagating method is simple, the survival rate is high, and the method belongs to the planting projects capable of helping farmers overcome poverty and achieve prosperity.

Description

Adopt the method for rhizome breeding kalimeris

Technical field

The present invention relates to the plant artificial cultivation technique, be specifically related to a kind of method that adopts rhizome breeding kalimeris.

Background technology

Kalimeris another name kalimeris head, red stalk dish, Aster indicus, LUBIANJU are composite family kalimeris platymiscium.Its botanical character is perennial perennial root herbaceous plant, and plant is short and small, grows thickly.High 30～the 70cm of stem, upright, aubergine or dark green, diameter 0.4cm, branch.Wild kalimeris has the branch of red stalk, blue or green stalk, but with red stalk aromatic flavour.Leaf falls lanceolar, alternate, and dark green leaf color, the long 3～10cm of leaf, wide 1～5cm, there are sawtooth or shallow splitting, vein aubergine or bottle green in the edge.Smooth or the rare undercoat in blade face, upper leaf is little, full edge.Capitulum, the about 2.5cm of diameter singly is born in the branch end and is arranged into thin umbrella room shape, 2～3 layers of involucres, brightly yellowish look, the achene shape of falling ovum square is circular, brown.Common wild species have the branch of sharp leaf, plate leaf, broken leaf.The narrow length of sharp leaf kalimeris blade is sprouted early early spring, and growth is fast, go on the market early, but output is general; Plate leaf kind elliptic leaf shape, big and thick, sprouting slightly is later than sharp leaf kind, but output is high, quality better; Broken leaf kind blade is little, yields poorly, and sprouts late inferior quality.

The biological property of kalimeris is wide adaptability, strong stress resistance.Happiness cools, humid climate, and is cold-resistant, more heat-resisting again.The seed sprouting preference temperature is 20 ℃, and tender stem, leaf begin growth for 10～15 ℃, and the growth thermophilic is 15～22 ℃.32 ℃ of high temperature still can normal growth, and-10 ℃ of underground rhizomes can safe overwinterings.Not tight to the soil condition requirement, but optimum is grown in fertile, moistening, loose soil.Poor growth during low temperature; When temperature is too high, many, the poor quality of plant fiber.Complete stool can be used as medicine.According to Compendium of Material Medica record " kalimeris, property is hot, flat, nontoxic, it is other to give birth to the pool, soil temperature and send out ".Have drug effects such as clearing heat and detoxicating, the dehumidifying that helps digestion.Be applicable to multiple diseases such as affection of exogenous wind-heat, sphagitis, tonsillitis, tympanitis, oxyhepatitis.The tender overground part stem of children, leaf can be edible as a kind of health-care nutritive vegetables, stir-fry and eat, cold and dressed with sauce or cook soup, and aromatic flavour, nutritious.Every 100g fresh food partly contains protein 5.4g, carbohydrate 6.7g, fatty 0.6g, is 4～5 times of Chinese cabbage; Calcium 258mg, phosphorus 106mg surpass spinach; Vc36mg surpasses cedra fruits; Iron 0.5mg.Carotene carotene content also contains VB5, VB2 etc. near carrot.Medicinal and the edibility of kalimeris is that the kalimeris consumption sharply increases; Rely on the wild demand that can not adapt to market of excavating, wildly excavate also seriously, be badly in need of artificial cultivation the kalimeris destruction Of resources; But it is more general to search for food in the Anhui of China, Jiangsu Province; There is a certain amount of artificial cultivation in Shandong, in order to enlarge the market demand, carries out the rhizome reproduction test in the northwest.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of wild kalimeris breeding,,, improve kalimeris planting scale and output, to adapt to the demand in market to adopt the method for rhizome breeding kalimeris to the technical deficiency of prior art artificial planting kalimeris in the northwest.

To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is specific as follows:

1, the intercepting of rhizome takes the kalimeris rhizome with cultivation before the winter, is cut into the long segment of 5～8cm, is tiled in the dark bottom of trench of 10cm behind the whole ground, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, and earthing is steady and sure.

2, the plantation of plant division with transplant seedlings spring 4～May gather finish after, plant is grubbed out out, cut off old root, with the lateral bud part of existing root, be transplanted on the whole good furrow face by spacing in the rows 25cm, 3～4 strains of every cave, sufficient water is watered in having peace of mind, can become alive in 5～7 days.Autumn in 8～September plantation takes underground perennial root, and overground part stays 10～15cm, cuts off old branches, old root, plants in the furrow face.In time topdress after become living, to inspire.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of wild kalimeris breeding, in the technical deficiency of NORTHWEST CHINA artificial planting kalimeris, to adopt the method for rhizome breeding; Improve kalimeris planting scale and output; This method propagation method is simple, and survival rate is high, is the plantation project of peasant programme.

Embodiment

Do bright specifically in conjunction with certain plantation kalimeris base.

Instance 1, a kind of open country adopt the method for rhizome breeding kalimeris

(1), site preparation and fertilization selects to be rich in organic field piece, ploughs solarizations (freezing) upturned soil, the heavy dressing farmyard manure is done furrow wholely, the wide 1.5～2m of furrow, ditch depth 15～20cm.In conjunction with whole ground, per hectare is executed well-rotted farmyard manure 45000kg, ammonium phosphate and is created crust 750～1500kg again and make base manure.

(2), root-like stock breeding

The intercepting of a, rhizome is to take the kalimeris rhizome before the winter with cultivation root of Indian kalimeris herb stem breeding method, is cut into the long segment of 5～8cm, is tiled in the dark bottom of trench of 10cm behind the whole ground, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, and earthing is steady and sure.

The plantation of b, plant division with transplant seedlings spring 4～May gather finish after, plant is grubbed out out, cut off old root, with the lateral bud part of existing root, be transplanted on the whole good furrow face by spacing in the rows 25cm, 3～4 strains of every cave, sufficient water is watered in having peace of mind, can become alive in 5～7 days.Autumn in 8～September plantation takes underground perennial root, and overground part stays 10～15cm, cuts off old branches, old root, plants in the furrow face.In time topdress after become living, to inspire.

(3) field management

1.. after rich water quality management is planted alive, or seedling 2～3 true leaves, per hectares are executed the loose stool water 11250～15000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.Liquid dung acts in accordance with in the ranks to water and executes, and reduces the pollution to product organ.The kalimeris growing period should often keep the furrow face moistening, especially after the plant division in autumn, often water, and promotes root growth and early spring to sprout.To notice that in time stain falls in water drainage rainy season.

2.. intertill and clean tillage plant Feng Hangqian, often remove weeds in field and combine weeding to impose rich water, to impel vine growth and development.

3.. the rare damage by disease and insect of extermination of disease and insect pest kalimeris wild or outdoor cropping, generally without dispenser.During culture underglass, the attention control powdery mildew, can spray bactericide such as thiophanate methyl.

Instance 2, a kind of booth adopt the method for rhizome breeding kalimeris

(1) site preparation and fertilization summer, autumn soil is ploughed deeply 30cm, per hectare evenly applies well-rotted farmyard manure 45000kg or ammonium phosphate composite fertilizer 750～1500kg makes base manure after sunning the earth which has been ploughed up, and is the soil rake is thin, hug flatly, makes the furrow of wide 1.2～1.5m.

(2) excavate the plant that female root and field planting generally choose robust growth in late August to early September to open-air or artificial seed-plot and grub out, plant division, wipe out unnecessary old root after; The field planting of in furrow, ditching immediately; Ditch depth 6cm plants on furrow by the square strain of 20cm, line-spacing, and lateral bud up; Old root tiling, it is smooth to note keeping the furrow face during earthing.Every cave plants 3～5 strains, waters after treading, and can become alive in 5～7 days.

(3) 1 all left and right sides pour seedling recovering water after the management field planting, young leaves grows the wet degree of backsight Soil Dried and takes the circumstances into consideration to water, and is advisable to keep ground moistening.In 11 months, strike off the old stake in ground the last ten-days period, removes weeds in field and dry branches and fallen leaves, in the ranks loosen the soil, and chase after farmyard manure 1000kg.For guaranteeing that fresh vegetable matter is tender, distinguishing the flavor of, generally do not chase after chemical fertilizer.1 week back covering horticultural covering film will be carried out heat insulation work simultaneously.Getting into December will obturage around the booth, and keeping temperature of shed daytime is about 18 ℃, relative air humidity 65%～70%, and the back of watering in time ventilates.Improve the canopy temperature morning, impel water evaporates, strengthen ventilation afternoon and take a breath.Temperature gos up gradually after mid-February, more should note ventilating, and prevents that high temperature from causing plant senesecence and gray mold takes place.Gather a few days ago, will carry out ventilation after before midday, to improve the kalimeris quality.

(4) the rare damage by disease and insect of the artificial outdoor cropping of extermination of disease and insect pest kalimeris, but greenhouse cultivation should be noted the control to gray mold.1.. do soil disinfection before the field planting well, per hectare applies 20% carbendazim 45kg, 50% fenaminosulf 15kg.2.. strengthen the ventilating management of booth, temperature should not be above 20 ℃ in the canopy.3.. period of disease can spray with 50% 1000 times of liquid of Sukeling or 5,0%0,000 mould clever 1000 times of liquid.4.. be prevention and elimination of disease and pests, raising kalimeris quality, necessary annual replanting 1 time.

(4) the booth culture underglass of gathering, generally on January, begin to gather the middle ten days, gathers continuously 3～4 times, per hectare can be produced 12000～15000kg.Choose with billhook or pocket knife and to dig, along locating flatly to hold down cutter under the face of land about 1cm, root under the reservation is to grow sprouting.Can disposablely gather, also can receive greatly, stay little.Every receipts 1～2 time are executed 1 time 30% liquid dung, often keep the furrow face moistening, promote the cauline leaf growth.

Claims

1. method that adopts rhizome breeding kalimeris is characterized in that comprising following technical step:

(1), the intercepting of rhizome takes the kalimeris rhizome with cultivation before the winter, be cut into the long segment of 5～8cm, is tiled in the dark bottom of trench of 10cm behind the whole ground, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, earthing is steady and sure;

(2), the plantation of plant division with transplant seedlings spring 4～May gather finish after, plant is grubbed out out, cut off old root, with the lateral bud part of existing root, be transplanted on the whole good furrow face by spacing in the rows 25cm, 3～4 strains of every cave, sufficient water is watered in having peace of mind, can become alive in 5～7 days; Autumn in 8～September plantation takes underground perennial root, and overground part stays 10～15cm, cuts off old branches, old root, plants in the furrow face, in time topdresses after becoming work, to inspire.

2. a kind of according to claim 1 method that adopts rhizome breeding kalimeris, its in the northwest high and cold area can cultivate with plastic tunnel, the ground cultivation method is identical, booth is according to the booth management expectancy.