CN104396527B - The wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of production Fresh Cutting flower - Google Patents
The wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of production Fresh Cutting flower Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396527B CN104396527B CN201410702505.2A CN201410702505A CN104396527B CN 104396527 B CN104396527 B CN 104396527B CN 201410702505 A CN201410702505 A CN 201410702505A CN 104396527 B CN104396527 B CN 104396527B
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower, wild good blue seed because of seed coat harder, thick, seedling-growing time is long, irregular, germination rate is lower, the good blue lily large-scale production of serious restriction. The present invention includes breeding with microspecies ball of microspecies ball and cultivate blossoming bulb, large batch of good blue cultivation of planting ball, from wild good blue seed, comprises A, seed selection, B, sowing, C, seedling management step; Microspecies ball is cultivated blossoming bulb and is comprised 1. selection and the processing of microspecies ball, the 2. preparation in bulb propagation plot, the 3. management in growth period, 4. the results step of macrospecies ball. The present invention first uses seed emerge in worm water processing, and adopt the mass breeding by a certain percentage of rural area soil and fertile soil, greatly promote seed germination, seed growth is grown normal, effectively shorten breeding cycle, greatly improved the emergence rate of wild good blue seed, and can effectively reduce viral cross-infection, survival rate of plant is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method at plantation pre-treatment seed, rhizome, be specially a kind of wild good orchid that produces Fresh Cutting flowerHigh-quality kind ball breeding method.
Background technology
Good blue (Gloriosasuperba), has another name called good blue lily, flame lily, the lily that overgrows, and is the good Cymbidium of LiliaceaeThe perennial type herbage flower of climbing up by holding on to. Originate in Yunnan Province of China south, Hainan Province and Tropical Asia and Africa. The two versions in Yunnan Province of China westThe height above sea level 1200m that receives has wild fragmentary distribution below. Owing to being rich in colchicin in good blue stem tuber, pharmaceutically can be used for the treatment ofThe diseases such as cancer, acute gout and bronchitis are the medicinal plants of a high economic benefit. In addition, good orchid diameter reaches10cm-15cm, petal starts as green turnup Cheng Long claw type, petal next day middle part yellowing, lobe point is cerise, lobe week inlaysEmbedding Phnom Penh, after 3 days, scape portion, middle part become golden yellow, orange red until scarlet by green, yellow respectively. Along with people's living standardRaising, the requirement of the quality and quantity of people to Fresh Cutting flower is all in continuous raising, good blue because its flower shape is peculiar, color is manySample, has good diseases and insect pests resistance, and florescence while is longer, and it is also longer that bottle is inserted the phase, is that industry is generally good in recent yearsPotted plant, cut-flower and intersperse the rare flower in flower garden, supply falls short of demand in market.
Good blue flower quality with plant ball greatly less, plant ball quality and cultivation technique closely related, high-quality kind spheroblast eye is full, nothingMildew, smooth without wound, epidermis. And it is larger to plant ball, its flower output is higher, and flower quality is better, therefore improves good blue cut-flower outputThereby improve the key of planting benefit and be to cultivate the good blue blossoming bulb of high-quality with quality.
China produces problem that good blue blossoming bulb exists mainly: in seeding process, because seed coat is harder, thick, emergeTime is long, irregular, germination rate is lower, the good blue lily large-scale production of serious restriction. Due to the good blue fresh cut lily flowers kind of ChinaPlant and bulb propagation technical research is started late, although can utilize seed growing to go out to praise blue lily seedling at present, its balling ratio,Bulb store technology, kind ball inherent quality, the problems such as flowering rate exist a lot of not enough.
Summary of the invention
For improving the quality of good blue lily ball, the present invention aims to provide a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind of producing Fresh Cutting flowerBall breeding method, the method can be produced virus-free, high grade blossoming bulb in a large number, and the final good blue Fresh Cutting flower product of cultivatingQuality is high, is difficult for occurring disease and pest.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind of producing Fresh Cutting flowerBall breeding method, comprises that breeding with microspecies ball of microspecies ball cultivate the macrospecies ball of blooming.
One, breeding of microspecies ball, large batch of good blue cultivation of planting ball, from wild good blue seed, comprises followingStep:
A, seed selection: the wild good blue lily seed of choosing good plant: choose wild good orchid in the wild and be about to the capsule ftractureingReally, remove kind of a subshell, taking-up seed is placed on aeration-drying place and dries.
B, sowing: 35～42 DEG C of emerge in worm water 12～24 hours for dried seed, sowing is grown seedlings readyOn dish, seedlings nursing plate mixes and paves by the ratio that rural area soil and fertile soil are 1～1.5:1 in mass ratio, waters permeablely, and good blue seed is equalEven broadcasting sowing on seedbed, earthing 1～1.2cm, and seedling dish is placed in hot house, by general implantation methods normal management,Temperature is 25～30 DEG C, and humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, and under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d,Started to emerge through about 1 month.
C, seedling management: treat that good blue seeding ratio reaches and more than 50% bring into use bactericide and insecticide control disease wormEvil. And temperature is controlled between 25-30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, light application time 8-Under the environmental condition of 12h/d, continue to cultivate, sow after 2 months emergence rate and reach and more than 80% bring into use liquid fertilizer raising plantResistance. Suitable control water after 4-5 month, makes it enter resting state, about 6 months aerial part start withered and yellow, Ke YishouObtained microspecies ball, the size of this microspecies ball is that 3-5cm is long. Microspecies ball after results is placed on shady and cool dry place and prepares to process stand-by.
Described bactericide be 500 times of 50% Bravos and 99% dislike mould clever 3000 times be used alternatingly, interval 7-10 days;Described pesticide is 1000 times of 5.7% emamectin-benzoates.
Described liquid fertilizer is 1000 times of 15-10-10 punching fertilisings.
Two, microspecies ball is cultivated the macrospecies ball of blooming:
1. the selection of microspecies ball and processing:
Select the anosis microspecies ball without wound, after aeration-drying 15-20 days, enter freezer 6-9 DEG C of storage 60 days, after taking out, use40% 2000 times of phonetic mould amine immersion bubble 10～20 minutes, dries in the shade and prepares plantation.
2. the preparation in bulb propagation plot:
Select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute 25～30 kilograms of content 15-15-15 composite fertilizers, plough deeply for every muBeat and carefully do ridging. Plantation microspecies ball, seeding row spacing 20*25cm, earthing 5-8cm, waters permeablely, is 25～30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, keeps seeing the dry wet principle management of seeing.
3. the management in growth period:
Plant and start to emerge after 15 days, when plant to be planted is grown to 30-40cm, use growth regulator and 20-20-20 foliage fertilizer500 times of liquid, every 7-10 days once, uses continuously 3 times. Make plant height be controlled at 50-60cm, non-lodging.
Described growth regulator is 1000 times of liquid of uniconazole P of 5% content.
4. the results of macrospecies ball:
Through the growth of 6-7 month, aerial part plant started withered and yellow, and the ground ball of sowing starts maturation, select fine,Under soil moisture temperate condition, results kind of ball will be handled with care in results process, does not damage kind of ball epidermis and bud point. Plant ballAfter results, place in ventilative chest, keep flat placement, every case is placed 1 layer of kind ball, is then placed in ventilation dry.
When multilayer is placed, isolate for every layer with turfy soil, friction loss epidermis while preventing from transporting, is transported to packing shop and preparesProcess.
The present invention has the following advantages: the present invention first uses seed emerge in worm water processing, and adopts rural area soil and fertile soilMass breeding by a certain percentage, greatly promotes seed germination, seed growth is grown normal, effectively shortens breeding cycle. This trainingEducate method and greatly improved the emergence rate of wild good blue seed, reach more than 80%, and than conventional wild good blue seed sprouting moreHurry up, greatly accelerated good blue breeding speed. The present invention adopts bactericide and insecticide control disease and pest after seed sprouting, and makesThe resistance that improves plant with liquid fertilizer, reduces viral cross-infection, and survival rate of plant is high. After microspecies ball results, carry out alternating temperature placeReason, breaks the hibernation feature of microspecies ball, and with 2000 times of immersion bubbles of 40% phonetic mould amine, greatly promotes growing of microspecies ball.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower, comprises breeding with little of microspecies ballPlant ball and cultivate the macrospecies ball of blooming.
One, breeding of microspecies ball, large batch of good blue cultivation of planting ball, from wild good blue seed, comprises followingStep:
A, seed selection: the wild good blue lily seed of choosing good plant: choose wild good orchid in the wild and be about to the capsule ftractureingReally, remove kind of a subshell, taking-up seed is placed on aeration-drying place and dries.
B, sowing: 40 DEG C of emerge in worm water 12 hours for dried seed, sowing, on ready seedlings nursing plate, is educatedSeedling dish mixes and paves for the ratio of 1:1 in mass ratio with rural area soil and fertile soil, waters permeablely, and good blue seed uniform broadcasting is in seedlingOn bed, earthing 1.2cm, and seedling dish is placed in hot house, by general implantation methods normal management, be 25 in temperature～30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%, and intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, through 1 month left sideRight beginning emerges.
C, seedling management: treat that good blue seeding ratio reaches and more than 50% bring into use bactericide and insecticide control disease wormEvil, bactericide be 500 times of 50% Bravos and 99% evil mould clever 3000 times be used alternatingly, interval 7-10 days; Pesticide is5.7% 1000 times of emamectin-benzoates. And temperature is controlled between 25-30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%,Intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, continues under the environmental condition of light application time 8-12h/d to cultivate, and sows emergence rate after 2 months and reachesMore than 80% bring into use 1000 times of 15-10-10 punching fertilisings to improve the resistance of plant. After 4-5 month, suitably control water, it is enteredEnter resting state, about 6 months, aerial part starts withered and yellowly, can gather in the crops microspecies ball, and generally the size of this microspecies ball is 3-5cm is long. Microspecies ball after results is placed on shady and cool dry place and prepares to process stand-by.
Two, microspecies ball is cultivated the macrospecies ball of blooming:
1. the selection of microspecies ball and processing:
Select the anosis microspecies ball without wound, after 18 days, enter freezer 6-9 DEG C of storage 60 days through aeration-drying, take out rear with 40%2000 times of immersion bubbles of phonetic mould amine 20 minutes, dry in the shade and prepare plantation.
2. the preparation in bulb propagation plot:
Select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute 25 kilograms of content 15-15-15 composite fertilizers for every mu, plough deeply and beat carefullyDo ridging. Plantation microspecies ball, seeding row spacing 20*25cm, earthing 5-8cm, waters permeablely, is 25～30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, keeps seeing the dry wet principle management of seeing.
3. the management in growth period:
Plant and start to emerge after 15 days, when plant to be planted is grown to 30-40cm, use 1000 times of liquid of uniconazole P and the 20-of 5% content500 times of liquid of 20-20 foliage fertilizer, every 7 days once, uses continuously 3 times. Make plant height be controlled at 50-60cm, non-lodging.
4. the results of macrospecies ball:
Through the growth of 6-7 month, aerial part plant started withered and yellow, and the ground ball of sowing starts maturation, select fine,Under soil moisture temperate condition, results kind of ball will be handled with care in results process, does not damage kind of ball epidermis and bud point. Plant ballAfter results, place in ventilative chest, keep flat placement, every case is placed 1 layer of kind ball, is then placed in ventilation dry, is transported to packagingWorkshop prepares to process.
Embodiment 2: a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower, comprises breeding with little of microspecies ballPlant ball and cultivate the macrospecies ball of blooming.
One, breeding of microspecies ball, large batch of good blue cultivation of planting ball, from wild good blue seed, comprises followingStep:
A, seed selection: the wild good blue lily seed of choosing good plant: choose wild good orchid in the wild and be about to the capsule ftractureingReally, remove kind of a subshell, taking-up seed is placed on aeration-drying place and dries.
B, sowing: 35 DEG C of emerge in worm water 24 hours for dried seed, sowing, on ready seedlings nursing plate, is educatedSeedling dish mixes and paves for the ratio of 1.5:1 in mass ratio with rural area soil and fertile soil, water permeable, good blue seed uniform broadcasting inOn seedbed, earthing 1cm, and seedling dish is placed in hot house, by general implantation methods normal management, be 25 in temperature～30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%, and intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, through 1 month left sideRight beginning emerges.
C, seedling management: treat that good blue seeding ratio reaches and more than 50% bring into use bactericide and insecticide control disease and pestDescribed bactericide be 500 times of 50% Bravos and 99% dislike mould clever 3000 times be used alternatingly, interval 7-10 days; Pesticide is5.7% 1000 times of emamectin-benzoates. And temperature is controlled between 25-30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%,Intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, continues under the environmental condition of light application time 8-12h/d to cultivate, and sows emergence rate after 2 months and reachesMore than 80% bring into use 1000 times of 15-10-10 punching fertilisings to improve the resistance of plant. After 4-5 month, suitably control water, it is enteredEnter resting state, about 6 months, aerial part starts withered and yellowly, can gather in the crops microspecies ball, and generally the size of this microspecies ball is 3-5cm is long. Microspecies ball after results is placed on shady and cool dry place and prepares to process stand-by.
Two, microspecies ball is cultivated the macrospecies ball of blooming:
1. the selection of microspecies ball and processing:
Select the anosis microspecies ball without wound, after 20 days, enter freezer 6-9 DEG C of storage 60 days through aeration-drying, take out rear with 40%2000 times of immersion bubbles of phonetic mould amine 10 minutes, dry in the shade and prepare plantation.
2. the preparation in bulb propagation plot:
Select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute 30 kilograms of content 15-15-15 composite fertilizers for every mu, plough deeply and beat carefullyDo ridging. Plantation microspecies ball, seeding row spacing 20*25cm, earthing 5-8cm, waters permeablely, is 25～30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, keeps seeing the dry wet principle management of seeing.
3. the management in growth period:
Plant and start to emerge after 15 days, when plant to be planted is grown to 30-40cm, use growth regulator and 20-20-20 foliage fertilizer500 times of liquid, every 10 days once, uses continuously 3 times. Make plant height be controlled at 50-60cm, non-lodging.
Described growth regulator is 1000 times of liquid of uniconazole P of 5% content.
4. the results of macrospecies ball:
Through the growth of 6-7 month, aerial part plant started withered and yellow, and the ground ball of sowing starts maturation, select fine,Under soil moisture temperate condition, results kind of ball will be handled with care in results process, does not damage kind of ball epidermis and bud point. Plant ballAfter results, place in ventilative chest, keep flat placement, every case is placed 1 layer of kind ball, is then placed in ventilation dry, is transported to packagingWorkshop prepares to process.
Embodiment 3: a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower, comprises breeding with little of microspecies ballPlant ball and cultivate the macrospecies ball of blooming.
One, breeding of microspecies ball, large batch of good blue cultivation of planting ball, from wild good blue seed, comprises followingStep:
A, seed selection: the wild good blue lily seed of choosing good plant: choose wild good orchid in the wild and be about to the capsule ftractureingReally, remove kind of a subshell, taking-up seed is placed on aeration-drying place and dries.
B, sowing: 38 DEG C of emerge in worm water 18 hours for dried seed, sowing, on ready seedlings nursing plate, is grown seedlingsDish mixes and paves for the ratio of 1.2:1 in mass ratio with rural area soil and fertile soil, waters permeablely, praises blue seed uniform broadcasting in seedbedUpper, earthing 1cm, and seedling dish is placed in hot house, by general implantation methods normal management, be 25～30 DEG C in temperature, wetDegree is 70～80%, and intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, started through about 1 monthSeedling.
C, seedling management: treat that good blue seeding ratio reaches and more than 50% bring into use bactericide and insecticide control disease wormEvil, described bactericide be 500 times of 50% Bravos and 99% evil mould clever 3000 times be used alternatingly, interval 7-10 days; Described killingWorm agent is 1000 times of 5.7% emamectin-benzoates. And temperature is controlled between 25-30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, continues under the environmental condition of light application time 8-12h/d to cultivate, and sows and emerges after 2 monthsRate reaches more than 80% brings into use 1000 times of 15-10-10 punching fertilisings to improve the resistance of plant. After 4-5 month, suitably control water, makeIt enters resting state, and about 6 months, aerial part starts withered and yellowly, can gather in the crops microspecies ball, generally the size of this microspecies ballThat 3-5cm is long. Microspecies ball after results is placed on shady and cool dry place and prepares to process stand-by.
Two, microspecies ball is cultivated the macrospecies ball of blooming:
1. the selection of microspecies ball and processing:
Select the anosis microspecies ball without wound, after 15 days, enter freezer 6-9 DEG C of storage 60 days through aeration-drying, take out rear with 40%2000 times of immersion bubbles of phonetic mould amine 15 minutes, dry in the shade and prepare plantation.
2. the preparation in bulb propagation plot:
Select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute 28 kilograms of content 15-15-15 composite fertilizers for every mu, plough deeply and beat carefullyDo ridging. Plantation microspecies ball, seeding row spacing 20*25cm, earthing 5-8cm, waters permeablely, is 25～30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, keeps seeing the dry wet principle management of seeing.
3. the management in growth period:
Plant and start to emerge after 15 days, when plant to be planted is grown to 30-40cm, use growth regulator and 20-20-20 foliage fertilizer500 times of liquid, every 8 days once, uses continuously 3 times. Make plant height be controlled at 50-60cm, non-lodging.
Described growth regulator is 1000 times of liquid of uniconazole P of 5% content.
4. the results of macrospecies ball:
Through the growth of 6-7 month, aerial part plant started withered and yellow, and the ground ball of sowing starts maturation, select fine,Under soil moisture temperate condition, results kind of ball will be handled with care in results process, does not damage kind of ball epidermis and bud point. Plant ballAfter results, place in ventilative chest, keep flat placement, every case is placed 1 layer of kind ball, is then placed in ventilation dry.
When multilayer is placed, isolate for every layer with turfy soil, friction loss epidermis while preventing from transporting, is transported to packing shop and preparesProcess.
Claims (4)
1. a wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower, is characterized in that, comprise microspecies ball breed andMicrospecies ball is cultivated the macrospecies ball of blooming;
One, breeding of microspecies ball, large batch of good blue cultivation of planting ball, from wild good blue seed, comprises following stepRapid:
A, seed selection: the wild good blue lily seed of choosing good plant: choose wild good orchid in the wild and be about to the capsule ftractureing, goFall kind of a subshell, taking-up seed is placed on aeration-drying place and dries;
B, sowing: 35～42 DEG C of emerge in worm water 12～24 hours for dried seed, sowing on ready seedlings nursing plate,Seedlings nursing plate mixes and paves by the ratio that rural area soil and fertile soil are 1～1.5:1 in mass ratio, waters permeablely, and good blue seed evenly spreadsBe sowed on seedbed, earthing 1～1.2cm, and seedling dish is placed in hot house, by general implantation methods normal management, in temperatureBe 25～30 DEG C, humidity is 70～80%, and intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, through 1About individual month, start to emerge;
C, seedling management: treat that good blue seeding ratio reaches and more than 50% bring into use bactericide and insecticide control disease and pest; AndTemperature is controlled between 25-30 DEG C, and humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, light application time 8-12h/d'sUnder environmental condition, continue to cultivate, sow emergence rate after 2 months and reach the resistance of more than 80% bringing into use liquid fertilizer raising plant;Suitable control water after 4-5 month, makes it enter resting state, and about 6 months, aerial part starts withered and yellowly, can gather in the crops microspecies ball, the size of this microspecies ball is that 3-5cm is long; Microspecies ball after results is placed on shady and cool dry place and prepares to process stand-by;
Two, microspecies ball is cultivated the macrospecies ball of blooming:
1. the selection of microspecies ball and processing:
Select the anosis microspecies ball without wound, after aeration-drying 15-20 days, enter freezer 6-9 DEG C of storage 60 days, take out rear with 40%2000 times of immersion bubbles of phonetic mould amine 10～20 minutes, dry in the shade and prepare plantation;
2. the preparation in bulb propagation plot:
Select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute 25～30 kilograms of content 15-15-15 composite fertilizers for every mu, plough deeply and beat carefullyDo ridging; Plantation microspecies ball, seeding row spacing 20*25cm, earthing 5-8cm, waters permeablely, is 25～30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 70～80%, intensity of illumination 1500～2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8～12h/d, keeps seeing the dry wet principle management of seeing;
3. the management in growth period:
Plant and start to emerge after 15 days, when plant to be planted is grown to 30-40cm, use 500 times of growth regulator and 20-20-20 foliage fertilizersLiquid, every 7-10 days are once, use continuously 3 times; Make plant height be controlled at 50-60cm, non-lodging;
Described growth regulator is 1000 times of liquid of uniconazole P of 5% content;
4. the results of macrospecies ball:
Through the growth of 6-7 month, aerial part plant started withered and yellow, and the ground ball of sowing starts maturation, select fine, soilUnder humidity temperate condition, results kind of ball will be handled with care in results process, does not damage kind of ball epidermis and bud point; Plant ball resultsIn the ventilative chest of rear placement, keep flat placement, every case is placed 1 layer of kind ball, is then placed in ventilation dry.
2. a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower according to claim 1, is characterized in that,Described bactericide be 500 times of 50% Bravos and 99% dislike mould clever 3000 times be used alternatingly, interval 7-10 days; Described desinsectionAgent is 1000 times of 5.7% emamectin-benzoates.
3. a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower according to claim 1 and 2, its feature existsIn, described liquid fertilizer is 1000 times of 15-10-10 punching fertilisings.
4. a kind of wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of producing Fresh Cutting flower according to claim 1 and 2, its feature existsIn, when placing, multilayer isolates with turfy soil for every layer.
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| CN201410702505.2A CN104396527B (en) | 2014-11-29 | 2014-11-29 | The wild good blue high-quality kind ball breeding method of production Fresh Cutting flower |
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| CN113331013B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-08-01 | 吉林农业科技学院 | Method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum |
| CN113854093A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-31 | 坂田种苗(苏州)有限公司 | Method for breeding anemone seedballs by adopting plug tray cultivation technology |
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