CN104390693B - Link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitors system - Google Patents
Link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitors system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibrations to monitor system, the monitoring system includes first light source module, second light source module, multiplex module, optical circulator, partial wave module, light amplification module, opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module, data acquisition and procession module, PC control and display module, host computer and testing fiber, first light source module and second light source module are separately connected multiplex module, the multiplex module connects optical circulator, optical circulator connects testing fiber and partial wave module, the output end connection opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module of partial wave module, another output end is by light amplification module connection opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module, the opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module, data acquire and processing module, PC control and display module and host computer are sequentially connected.The monitoring system of the present invention can realize vibration event monitoring and it is accurate judge, detection range is long, high sensitivity and rate of false alarm is low.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to optical fiber technical field of security and protection, more particularly to a kind of that optical fiber link decaying and vibration event are sentenced
Disconnected and positioning link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber sensor-based system.
Background technology
On June 26th, 2000, Qin Jing pipelines, which are gone in a big way, occurs serious drilling hole of oil stolen case, the original that 950,000 yuan of lost value in section
Oil, and leak to country and cause 3,000,000 yuan of direct economic loss, 12,800,000 yuan of indirect economic loss；
On July 21st, 2003, No. 30 near exits of Qin Jing pipelines highway between Beijing and Tianjin break oil pipeline by artificial bore, hair
Raw substantial oil leakage, Qin Jing pipelines are stopped transport 10 hours；
On October 20th, 2003, new city sub-district new city four home village of township in iron Qin oil pipeline Shenyang is nearby by stolen point
Son destroy occur oil spill disaster, cause completely stop oil transportation up to 6 hours 30 points；
On December 19th, 2003, the blue Chengdu-Chongqing oil pipeline Guangyuan station downstream main line created is since drilling hole of oil stolen is let out
Leakage.It causes the Baoji-Chengdu Railway to stop transport to be up to 5 minutes 7 hours, hundreds of to be obstructed to train, No. 90 more than 300 tons of leaking gasoline, blue Chengdu-Chongqing is defeated
12 minutes when oil-piping stopping transportation 14d', 500 meters of Qingjian River river river surface is contaminated；
On April 26th, 2004, when the construction of one excavator in the Sichuan Renshou towns Bao Fei accidentally by Qu County lead to Nanchong, Chengdu,
Renshou, 720 millimeters of main pipelines diggings of river southwest natural gas of Luzhou are broken, cause 30 ten thousand stere of natural gas leaking, direct losses 50
Wan Yuan；
On May 12nd, 2006, since oil stealer steals oil accidentally, in Nigeria capital Lagos countryside Atlas-gram
Oil pipeline explosion accident together occurs for gram island, causes nearly 200 people dead.
Morning on December 30th, 2009, branch line Hua County Chishui, China Petroleum orchid Zheng long product oil oil pipeline Weinan section underground
Diesel oil leakage occurs during going into operation for pipeline, and over one hundred cubic metre of diesel oil flows into Chishui River and enters the Weihe River, threatens Yellow River.
Reason has been found out, caused by being third party's construction；
2011, three stolen cases had occurred in Gansu within the border, wherein two are happened at horse favour line sugar water town, occurred together
It is domestic in the stone orchid line Jingtai that October newly goes into operation.
……
The reason of analyzing above-mentioned major accident, caused by being all artificial origin, wherein most is that criminal's drilling is stolen
The barbarous construction above pipeline of oil, followed by excavator.According to incompletely statistics, 50% or more pipe leakage be due to artificial destruction,
The wherein administrative oil pipeline of sinopec leakage accident caused by stealing oil and breakage in installation, occurs oil gas leakage altogether during the decade
Accident four or five thousand, causes several hundred million economic loss；And petrochina also adds up generator tube road malicious event hundreds of and rises.Thus may be used
See, real time on-line monitoring is carried out to the safe operation situation of long-distance oil-gas pipeline and early warning is extremely urgent, it is significant.
Existing oil-gas pipeline safety monitoring method mainly has oil-air pressure probe method, oil gas flow probe method, negative pressure
Wave detecting method, the distributed optical fiber vibration measurement method etc. based on relevant OTDR, first three monitoring method, can only reduce and
It is lost caused by control leakage, pipeline artificial destruction cannot be prevented.In addition, existing short distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system
System cannot meet tap water feed-line, power transmission cable, the early warning and monitoring of fiber optic communication backbone network and long range side
The demand of the invasion safety monitoring of border line, a wide range of open circumference.
Distributed optical fiber vibration based on relevant OTDR, which measures, to be had not by electromagnetic interference, anticorrosive, alarm accurate positioning
The advantages that, the shortcomings of that there is also monitoring distances is short, pattern-recognition is inaccurate, wrong report rate of failing to report is high, sensitivity is inadequate, although
Also part case point, such as breakpoint, loss, decaying can be monitored, but since the back scattering curve of monitoring vibration event draws
Into modulated signal, so multiple averaging processing can not be carried out when judging case point, the mistake of vibration event point otherwise will be generated
Report failing to report phenomenon.And the case points such as loss, decaying, breakpoint or distortion can not be generated to optical fiber link accurately to be judged.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of new
Link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitors system.The link self diagnosis of the present invention is long-distance distributed
Fiber-optic vibration monitors system other than it can accomplish the accurately events such as decaying, breakpoint, distortion of monitoring optical fiber link, must have
The characteristics of monitoring distance length, high sensitivity, but also want the wrong report phenomenon that can exclude to bring due to the variation of long-term external environment.
In order to reach foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution that patent of the present invention provides is as follows：
A kind of link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitors system, which is characterized in that the monitoring system includes
Have first light source module, second light source module, multiplex module, optical circulator, partial wave module, light amplification module, opto-electronic conversion with
Amplify filter module, data acquisition and procession module, PC control and display module, host computer and testing fiber, it is described
First light source module and second light source module are separately connected the multiplex module, which connects the input of optical circulator
One output end at end, the optical circulator connects testing fiber, another output end of optical circulator is connected to the partial wave mould
One output end of the input terminal of block, the partial wave module connects the opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module, partial wave module
Another output end the opto-electronic conversion is connected after the light amplification module and amplification filter module, the photoelectricity turn
It changes and amplifies filter module and connect the data acquisition and processing module, it is upper described in data acquisition and processing module connection
Host computer described in position machine control and display module, the PC control and display module connection；The first light source module
In using super-narrow line width laser, using pulse laser in the second light source module.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, in the first light source module
Super-narrow line width laser wavelength is the ITU standard wave length of C-band.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, in the second light source module
Pulse laser either for Jing Guo internal modulation pulse laser or be continuous laser generator, and the continuous laser
Device generator is pulsed light through external modulation mode modulation, modulation device in the external modulation pattern or be electrooptic modulator, or
For acousto-optic modulator.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, the first light source mould is in the block
Laser and second light source mould laser in the block have a different wavelength, and two kinds of wavelength are C-band, between two kinds of wavelength
It is divided into 10nm~20nm.The wavelength X 2 of laser and laser and first light source mould laser in the block i.e. in second light source module
The wavelength X 1 of device have different wavelength, and optimal wavelength be λ 2 in λ 1+/- 20nm ranges.
In the link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, the multiplex module is to close
Wave device, two input port wavelength are respectively λ 1, λ 2, and output port wavelength is the composite wave comprising wavelength X 1 and λ 2.
The present invention link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system in, the partial wave module or
For channel-splitting filter or be temperature compensating type fiber grating, the input port of channel-splitting filter is two-laser through the backward of testing fiber
Rayleigh scattering light, input port wavelength are λ 1 and λ 2, and two output port wavelength are respectively λ 1, λ 2.
In the link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, the light amplification module is
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier is amplified for realizing by the backscatter signal that wavelength is λ 1.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, the temperature compensating type optical fiber light
The reflection wavelength of grid is in same ITU standards with the optical wavelength that first light source module is sent out, and bandwidth is tens G magnitudes, reflection
Rate is more than 90%.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, the amplification module be for
The erbium-doped fiber amplifier that backscatter signal is amplified in vibration information will be transmitted by realizing, for realizing being λ 1 by wavelength
Backscatter signal be amplified.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, the opto-electronic conversion and amplification
Filter module is the binary channels detecting module that can be achieved that the Rayleigh scattering signal of two kinds of different wave lengths is monitored and is amplified, institute
The detection circuit design of two paths is entirely different in the binary channels detecting module stated, wherein using PIN photoelectric detector all the way
Realize that the amplification that photoelectric signal transformation and high speed signal are carried out to the Rayleigh scattering signal that first light source generates, another way use
Avalanche photodetector realization is received and is amplified to the Rayleigh scattering signal that second light source generates.
In link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention, two kinds of the backward of different wave length dissipate
Light is penetrated to refer to：One of which back scattering just due to the laser that first light source mould laser in the block is sent out be transmitted to it is to be measured
Optical fiber, backscatter signal are the results of the pulsed light coherent interference by external modulation.Another back scattering just by
Backscatter signal obtained by being transmitted on testing fiber in the laser that second light source mould laser in the block is sent out.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the invention for
Judge to achieve following technique effect when vibration event and positioning：
1. the link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention is being realized using double-light-source structured
Vibration event monitor while, and can caused by optical fiber link due to long-term external environment stress or pressure optical fiber chain
Road generates the case points such as loss, decaying, breakpoint or distortion and is judged, improves the performance and reliability of system.
2. since the laser that first light source module uses is super-narrow line width laser, and its frequency stability is high, makes
Obtaining the system has detection range longer, sensitivity higher, since the wrong report phenomenon that the unstability of wavelength is brought also obviously drops
It is low.
3. the present invention generates the judgement of the events such as loss, decaying, breakpoint or distortion due to introducing optical fiber link, can
The vibration event alarm brought due to the phase change that the events such as fiber-optic twist or loss introduce is excluded, therefore reduces system mistake
The probability of report.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic structure composition frame chart of link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the distributed optical fiber vibration of link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention is real
Apply installation drawing.
Specific implementation mode
We carry out the link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration to the present invention in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments figure below
Monitoring system is elaborated further, in the hope of providing a clearer understanding of the structure composition and the course of work of the present invention,
But it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system of the present invention is mainly wrapped in structure
First light source module 1, second light source module 2, multiplex module 3, optical circulator 4, partial wave module 5, light amplification module 6, light are included
Electricity conversion with amplify filter module 7, data acquisition and procession module 8, PC control and display module 9, host computer 10 and wait for
Survey optical fiber 11.Wherein, first light source module 1 and second light source module 2 are separately connected the multiplex module 3, first light source mould
Using super-narrow line width laser in block 1, the optical maser wavelength sent out is λ 1, is used in the second light source module 2
It is pulse laser, the optical maser wavelength sent out is λ 2.The optical maser wavelength that two input ports of multiplex module 3 enter is respectively
λ 1, λ 2, and output port output is the composite wave for including wavelength X 1 and λ 2.This multiplex module 3 is in wavelength-division multiplex
Wave multiplexer, or be temperature compensating type fiber grating.
Upper multiplex module 3 connects the input terminal of optical circulator 4, and an output end of the optical circulator 4 connects testing fiber
11, another output end of optical circulator 4 is connected to the input terminal of the partial wave module 5.The partial wave module 5 is wave
Channel-splitting filter in point multiplexing, or be the fiber grating of temperature compensating type, the input port of channel-splitting filter are two-laser through light to be measured,
11 backward Rayleigh scattering light, input port wavelength are the composite wave of λ 1 and λ 2, and it is wavelength X that two output port wavelength export respectively
1 light wave and wavelength is the light wave of λ 2.
Since there are two types of the light waves of wavelength to export respectively, an output end of the partial wave module 5 is directly connected to described
The light wave that wavelength is λ 2 is directly transferred to opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7 by opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7
In, another output end of partial wave module 5 reconnects the opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter after the light amplification module 6
Wave module 7.Amplification module 6 is erbium-doped fiber amplifier, is put for realizing that will transmit backscatter signal in vibration information
Big, specifically the backscatter signal that wavelength is λ 1 is amplified.
Above-mentioned opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7 are that can be achieved to supervise the Rayleigh scattering signal of two kinds of different wave lengths
It surveys and the binary channels detecting module of amplification, the detection circuit design of two paths is not completely in the binary channels detecting module
Together, wherein use PIN photoelectric detector to realize all the way carries out photoelectric signal transformation to the Rayleigh scattering signal that first light source generates
And the amplification of high speed signal, another way realized using avalanche photodetector Rayleigh scattering signal that second light source is generated into
Row receives and amplification.The rear orientation light of two kinds of different wave lengths refers to：One of which back scattering is just due to first light source
The laser that mould laser in the block is sent out is transmitted to testing fiber, and backscatter signal is the pulsed light phase by external modulation
The result of interference.The laser that another back scattering is just sent out by second light source mould laser in the block is in light to be measured
The backscatter signal of transmission gained on fibre.
Opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7 connect the data acquisition and processing module 8, data acquisition and processing
Module 8 connects the PC control and display module 9, and the PC control and display module 9 connect the host computer
10.Wherein, opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7 are responsible for the reception to Rayleigh scattering signal and convert thereof into electric signal,
And it realizes amplification and it is filtered from time domain.Data acquire and processing module 8 is responsible for being filtered by converting and amplifying
The signal of wave is acquired, and carries out relevant demodulation process.PC control and display module 9 are responsible for demodulated letter
It number is shown, is finally presented on host computer 10.
It is two embodiments used in specific implementation process of the present invention below, understands its structure composition and work to become apparent from
Make mode.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system composition of the present invention is as follows：
First light source module 1, second light source module 2, multiplex module 3, circulator 4, partial wave module 5, light amplification module 6,
Opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7, data acquisition and processing module 8, PC control and display module 9, host computer 10 with
And testing fiber 11, the laser that the first light source module 1 is sent out are pulsed light, pass through multiplex mould with second light source module 2
Block 3, to realize that the synthesis of light, the synthesis light are incident to testing fiber 11, the partial wave module 5 by circulator 4
For decomposing backscatter signal progress light, then pass through opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7, data acquisition and place
It is presented to host computer 10 after managing module 8, PC control and display module 9.
In such a configuration, first light source module 1 or by internal modulation or after external modulation with second light source module 2
It is synthesized by multiplex module 3, there is two synthesis light different wavelength Xs 1, λ 2, synthesis light to be incident to by circulator 4 same
The pulsed light of root testing fiber 11, two kinds of different wave lengths generates backscatter signal respectively after testing fiber 11, wherein the
Laser in one light source module 1 has a strong coherence, and the pulsed light sent out is transmitted to testing fiber 11, between backscatter signal
Coherent phenomena occurs, the result after being concerned with and the backscatter signal of the laser in second light source module 2 pass through circulator 4,
It is incident to and is decomposed as the channel-splitting filter of partial wave module 5, the backscatter signal that medium wavelength is λ 1 passes through light amplification module 6
It carries out after being incident to two-way photodetection and amplification module 7 simultaneously with wavelength for the rear orientation light of λ 2 after amplifying again, successively
By in PC control and the control display to host computer 10 of display module 9 after data acquisition and processing module 8.
Embodiment 2
In order to further increase system signal noise ratio, the present invention carries out multiple filter using the filtering mode of another higher performance
Wave, and realizing the Laser synthesizing that two kinds of different wave lengths can be realized while filtering.
As shown in Fig. 2, link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system composition of the present invention is as follows：
First light source module 1, second light source module 2, circulator 3, fiber grating 12, circulator 4, circulator 5, optical fiber light
Grid 13, light amplification module 6, opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7, data acquisition and processing module 8, PC control and display
Module 9, host computer 10 and testing fiber 11.The laser that the first light source module 1 is sent out is pulsed light, then passes through ring
Shape device 4 is transmitted to temperature compensating type fiber grating 12 and is filtered, and the pulsed light that second light source module 2 is sent out passes through optical fiber light
The pulsed light that grid and the first light source module 1 of filtered processing are formed is synthesized on fiber grating 12, and synthesis light passes through ring
Shape device 4 is incident on testing fiber 11, and the rear orientation light of generation is incident to after circulator 5 on fiber grating 13, reflection
Light be incident to transmitted light after light amplification module 6 opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module 7 after, again pass by data processing and
Acquisition module 8, PC control and display module 9 are simultaneously presented to host computer 10.
In such a configuration, the light that first light source module 1 is sent out is incident to the reflected light after fiber grating 12（Wavelength X
1）With transmitted light of the second light source module 2 after fiber grating 12（λ2）It is transmitted to transmission after circulator 3, circulator 4
On optical cable, the pulsed light of two kinds of different wave lengths generates backscatter signal, wherein first light source mould respectively after testing fiber
There is the laser of block strong coherence, the pulsed light sent out to be transmitted to testing fiber, coherent phenomena, phase occur between backscatter signal
The backscatter signal that result after dry is generated with the light that second light source module is sent out is incident to after circulator 4, circulator 5
On fiber grating 13, the backscatter signal that medium wavelength is λ 1 is λ with wavelength after light amplification module 6 amplify again
After 2 rear orientation light is incident to two-way photodetection and amplification module 7 simultaneously, pass through data acquisition and processing module 8 successively
Afterwards by PC control and the control display to host computer 10 of display module 9.
Although traditional distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring system can also monitor part case point, such as breakpoint, loss, decaying
Deng but since the back scattering curve of monitoring vibration event has introduced modulated signal, so can not be into when judging case point
Row multiple averaging is handled, and otherwise will generate the wrong report failing to report phenomenon of vibration event point, and optical fiber link can not be generated and be lost,
The case points such as decaying, breakpoint or distortion are accurately judged.The present invention is double-light-source structured due to using, to two different
Rear orientation light is handled respectively, has reached mutual supplement with each other's advantages, and improves the accuracy of event judgement.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitors system, which is characterized in that the monitoring system includes
It first light source module, second light source module, multiplex module, optical circulator, partial wave module, light amplification module, opto-electronic conversion and puts
Big filter module, data acquisition and processing module, PC control and display module, host computer and testing fiber, described the
One light source module and second light source module are separately connected the multiplex module, which connects the input of optical circulator
One output end at end, the optical circulator connects testing fiber, another output end of optical circulator is connected to the partial wave mould
One output end of the input terminal of block, the partial wave module connects the opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module, partial wave module
Another output end the opto-electronic conversion is connected after the light amplification module and amplification filter module, the photoelectricity turn
It changes and amplifies filter module and connect the data acquisition and processing module, it is upper described in data acquisition and processing module connection
Host computer described in position machine control and display module, the PC control and display module connection；The first light source module
In using super-narrow line width laser, using pulse laser in the second light source module；First light
Super-narrow line width laser wavelength is the ITU standard wave length of C-band in source module；Pulse laser in the second light source module
Device either for Jing Guo internal modulation pulse laser or be continuous laser generator, and continuous laser generator is through external modulation
Mode modulation is pulsed light, modulation device in the external modulation pattern or be electrooptic modulator, or is acousto-optic modulator；It is described
First light source mould laser in the block and second light source mould laser in the block have different wavelength, and two kinds of wavelength are C
Wave band is divided into 10nm~20nm between two kinds of wavelength；The opto-electronic conversion and amplification filter module is that can be achieved to two kinds not
The binary channels detecting module that the Rayleigh scattering signal of co-wavelength is monitored and amplifies, in the binary channels detecting module all the way
It is realized using PIN photoelectric detector and photoelectric signal transformation and high speed is carried out to the Rayleigh scattering signal that first light source module generates
The amplification of signal, another way realize that the Rayleigh scattering signal generated to second light source module connects using avalanche photodetector
It receives and amplifies.
2. link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that institute
The multiplex module stated either in wavelength-division multiplex wave multiplexer or be temperature compensating type fiber grating.
3. link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration according to claim 1 or 2 monitors system, feature exists
In, the partial wave module either in wavelength division multiplexer channel-splitting filter or be temperature compensating type fiber grating.
4. link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration according to claim 3 monitors system, which is characterized in that institute
It states the reflection wavelength of temperature compensating type fiber grating and optical wavelength that first light source module is sent out is in same ITU standards, and band
Width is tens G magnitudes, and reflectivity is more than 90%.
5. link self diagnosis long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that institute
The light amplification module stated is for realizing that will transmit the erbium-doped fiber amplifier that backscatter signal is amplified in vibration information.
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| CN106287238A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device |
| CN111540212B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-25 | 浙江浙能天然气运行有限公司 | Highway interference estimation system and method for distributed optical fiber |
| CN113175988B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-04-19 | 太原理工大学 | Anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device |
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