CN106287238A - A kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device - Google Patents

A kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106287238A
CN106287238A CN201610647216.6A CN201610647216A CN106287238A CN 106287238 A CN106287238 A CN 106287238A CN 201610647216 A CN201610647216 A CN 201610647216A CN 106287238 A CN106287238 A CN 106287238A
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China
Prior art keywords
leakage
transmission fibers
signal
detection device
sensor
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CN201610647216.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡兴志
罗建国
何茂艳
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North China Institute of Science and Technology
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North China Institute of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201610647216.6A priority Critical patent/CN106287238A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
    • F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device, it is characterised in that including: Transmission Fibers, its Surface coating vibration-absorptive material, isolate with sound field；Multiple optical fiber filters, its filter wavelength is different, connects Transmission Fibers after equidistant parallel connection；Multiple Fibre Optical Sensors, it is layed in natural gas line side, connects optical fiber filter, be used for detecting pipe leakage vibration signal；And light source；First wave division multiplexer, it is arranged between light source and Transmission Fibers；Photo-detector, it connects Transmission Fibers, for detecting the pipe leakage vibration signal that described Fibre Optical Sensor is reflected back；Second wavelength division multiplexer, it connects between Transmission Fibers and photo-detector；Location processor, it connects described photo-detector, is used for identifying leakage signal, and positions gas pipeline leakage point according to leakage signal, provide leak source location Calculation formula, it is achieved the precise positioning of leak source simultaneously.

Description

A kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields of measurement of mechanical shock, particularly relate to a kind of gas pipeline leakage measurement apparatus.
Background technology
The necessity of Leak Detection the most throughout the country, has during because of the explosion accident of the leakage initiation of gas pipeline and sends out Raw, waste that leakage is caused also is that surprising (measurement shoutage of indivedual gas company, can only be by collecting the expense of opening an account up to more than 40% Operating with maintaining company reluctantly) thus, find leak source, find leak source accurately, and repair in time, measurement shoutage could be reduced, reduce Operating cost, and prevent trouble before it happens.This is paid much attention to by the manager of most gas pipelines, actively takes measures, thinks Thousand and one way.But gas leakage has the feature of himself, find leak source accurately by traditional way and be not easy very much.
The probability of Leak Detection is relatively light due to combustion gas quality, after breakage sprays, can naturally be raised above, And ground of scurrying out.But due to the backfill unequal reason of thing degree of compaction, combustion gas scurry out ground time naturally will not be easily vertical Rise, but " run helter-skelter " toward the place that the soil is porous.The especially leakage point under concrete road surface, combustion gas the most vertically to rise Rise the most difficult, but ground of scurrying out from the place of concrete seam, rent and other such as greenbelts.Require emphasis , no matter backfilling thing has the most closely knit, and the combustion gas released can be scurried out ground eventually, and this just catches for us before it providing Carry.Combustion gas is scurried out and can be spread immediately behind ground, makes concentration suddenly decline.If leakage rate is the most little, backfill soil is relatively in addition For closely knit, the combustion gas on ground of scurrying out above pipeline will be few, by traditional method (method such as " heard ") very Being difficult to catch, this has resulted in the illusion not having gas leakage.
Investigating thoroughly that pipeline location uses pipe detector to investigate thoroughly the accurate location of pipe network, this is the premise of Leak Detection.Due to The feature that natural gas " is run helter-skelter ", often finds its trace in the place not having pipeline at all.If we determine accordingly Leak source position, a lot of joke of will making a noise out.Thus, get the position of pipeline clear, and guide us to enter along pipeline path on ground Row Leak Detection, so that it may avoid causing the false judgment of leak source because combustion gas " is run helter-skelter ".Under normal circumstances, Urban Underground is buried underground Pipe network is the most intensive, and signal transmission and interference inevitably occur between pipeline, and this obviously increases target tube The difficulty that road and non-targeted pipeline are distinguished, meanwhile, the depth survey to Target pipe is also difficult to accurate, reliable.This Danger when leak source is accurately positioned will be greatly increased.Thus, it is badly in need of a kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device, both had There is higher sensitivity, the precise positioning of leak source can be realized again.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device, uses multiple Fibre Optical Sensor to detect pipeline Leakage vibration signal, connects different wave length optical fiber filter, does not interfere with each other between Fibre Optical Sensor, improves detection accuracy.
The present invention it is still a further object to, and arranges wavelength division multiplexer at Transmission Fibers two ends, it is possible to sent by light source Wavelength different optical signal synthesis a branch of after be transferred into Transmission Fibers, simplify transmission network, reduce cost.
It is a further object of the invention to provide leak source location Calculation formula, it is achieved the precise positioning of leak source.
The technical scheme that the present invention provides is:
A kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device, it is characterised in that including:
Transmission Fibers, its Surface coating vibration-absorptive material, isolate with sound field；
Multiple optical fiber filters, its filter wavelength is different, connects described Transmission Fibers after equidistant parallel connection；
Multiple Fibre Optical Sensors, it is layed in natural gas line side, connects described optical fiber filter, is used for detecting pipeline Leakage vibration signal；And
Light source, it is multi-wavelength broadband continuous wave laser；
First wave division multiplexer, it is arranged between described light source and described Transmission Fibers, for being sent by described light source Wavelength different optical signal synthesis a branch of after be transferred into described Transmission Fibers；
Photo-detector, it connects described Transmission Fibers, and the pipe leakage being reflected back for detecting described Fibre Optical Sensor is shaken Dynamic signal；
Second wavelength division multiplexer, it connects between described Transmission Fibers and photo-detector, for by described Transmission Fibers Composite light beam is divided into the optical signal of different wave length；
Location processor, it connects described photo-detector, is used for identifying leakage signal, and positions natural according to leakage signal Feed channel leakage point.
Preferably, also including optical circulator, it connects described first wave division multiplexer, the second wavelength division multiplexer and described Transmission Fibers.
Preferably, also including photo-coupler, it is 1 × 2 photo-coupler, connects described optical circulator, for being believed by light Number it is divided into two bundles.
Preferably, described wavelength division multiplexer is dense wavelength division multiplexing device.
Preferably, described Fibre Optical Sensor is the Fibre Optical Sensor based on sagnac interferometer or Michelson's interferometer Device.
Preferably, described photo-detector is spectroanalysis instrument.
Preferably, the work process of described detection device is as follows:
When natural gas line leaks, gas can rub with leakage hole wall, makes pipe vibration, thus has part Acoustic signals is applied on Fibre Optical Sensor, causes the light phase propagated in optical fiber to be modulated, and its expression formula is:
Δ θ ( t ) = 2 φ i cosω i ( t - τ 2 + τ 1 2 ) sinω i ( τ 2 - τ 1 2 )
Wherein, Δ θ (t) is phase contrast；φiPhase place for light wave changes amplitude, ωiFor the frequency of leakage signal, τ1For light The signal time needed for light source is forward propagated to leak source, τ2Inversely traveling to time t used by leak source for optical signal from light source is Optical signal is delivered to other end required time from Transmission Fibers one end.
Preferably, if it is t that the acoustic signals of described leakage point is transferred to the time of sensor n-1n-1, it is transferred to sensing The time of device n is tn, the time being transferred to sensor n+1 is tn+1, the time being transferred to sensor n+2 is tn+2, then leakage point With the distance X computing formula of the n-th sensor it is:
X = 1.07 e ω i σ 2 l n [ 2 L - c n ( t n + 1 - t n - t n - 1 + t n + 2 ) ] + 0.88
Wherein, L is the distance between two adjacent sensors, and c is light spread speed in atmosphere, and n is optical fibre refractivity, ωiFor acoustic vibration frequency, σ is working sensor wavelength.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1, the present invention is using the Fibre Optical Sensor without power supply as the pick device of leakage signal, utilizes and spreads with ditch with pipeline If optical fiber and Optical multiplexing technology realize the signal long-distance transmissions of Fibre Optical Sensor, solve electric transducer and power and long distance From a difficult problem for communication, can laying optical fiber sensor the most thick and fast, multisensor is combined and is carried out time delay and estimate to improve leakage The positioning precision of point；In addition the sensitivity of Fibre Optical Sensor is the several times of tradition sonic transducer, can significantly improve natural gas The detection of pipeline minute leakage and the accuracy of location.
2, the present invention uses multiple Fibre Optical Sensor to detect pipe leakage vibration signal, connects the filtering of different wave length optical fiber Device, does not interfere with each other between Fibre Optical Sensor, improves detection accuracy, arranges wavelength division multiplexer at Transmission Fibers two ends, it is possible to will It is transferred into Transmission Fibers after the different optical signal synthesis of wavelength that light source sends is a branch of, simplifies transmission network, reduce into This.
4, the present invention provides leak source location Calculation formula, it is achieved the precise positioning of leak source.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of gas pipeline leakage of the present invention detection device.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to description literary composition Word can be implemented according to this.
As it is shown in figure 1, the present invention provides gas pipeline leakage detection device to include: Transmission Fibers 100, optical fiber filter 200, Fibre Optical Sensor 300, light source 400, first wave division multiplexer the 500, second wavelength division multiplexer 600 and photo-detector 700.
Wherein, Transmission Fibers 100, it is single-mode fiber, Surface coating vibration-absorptive material, isolates with sound field；
Multiple optical fiber filters 200, its filter wavelength is different, connects Transmission Fibers 100 after equidistant parallel connection；
Multiple Fibre Optical Sensors 300, it is layed in natural gas line side, connects optical fiber filter 200, be used for detecting pipe Road leakage vibration signal, Fibre Optical Sensor 300 is the Fibre Optical Sensor based on sagnac interferometer or Michelson's interferometer.
Wherein, optical fiber filter 200 wavelength is different, and Fibre Optical Sensor 300 operation wavelength is different, Fibre Optical Sensor The optical wavelength that device feeds back to Transmission Fibers 100 is different.
Light source 400, it is multi-wavelength broadband continuous wave laser；
First wave division multiplexer 500, it is arranged between light source 400 and Transmission Fibers 100, for being sent by light source 400 Wavelength different optical signal synthesis a branch of after be transferred into Transmission Fibers 100；
Photo-detector 700, it is fine that it connects transmission light 100, and the pipe leakage being reflected back for detection optical fiber sensor 300 is shaken Dynamic signal, spectroanalysis instrument selected by photo-detector 700.
Second wavelength division multiplexer 600, it connects between Transmission Fibers 100 and photo-detector 700, for by Transmission Fibers The composite light beam of 100 is divided into the optical signal of different wave length；
Location processor 800, it connects photo-detector 700, is used for identifying leakage signal, and positions sky according to leakage signal So feed channel leakage point.
Optical circulator 710, it connects first wave division multiplexer 500, the second wavelength division multiplexer 600 and Transmission Fibers 100, uses In the separation task completing forward and reverse transmission light.
Photo-coupler, it is 1 × 2 photo-coupler, connects described optical circulator, for optical signal is divided into two bundles.
Preferred as one, first wave division multiplexer 500 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 600 are dense wavelength division multiplexing device.
The work process of gas pipeline leakage detection device is as follows:
The light that light source 400 sends, through optical circulator 710, enters photo-coupler, and input light is divided in 1 × 2 bonder Two bundles, respectively along the propagation clockwise and counterclockwise of Fibre Optical Sensor 300 fiber optic loop, when natural gas line leaks, Gas can rub with leakage hole wall, makes pipe vibration, thus has acoustic wave segment signal function to Fibre Optical Sensor 300 On, cause the light phase propagated in optical fiber to be modulated, its expression formula is:
Δ θ ( t ) = 2 φ i cosω i ( t - τ 2 + τ 1 2 ) sinω i ( τ 2 - τ 1 2 )
Wherein, Δ θ (t) is phase contrast；φiPhase place for light wave changes amplitude, ωiFor the frequency of leakage signal, τ1For light The signal time needed for light source is forward propagated to leak source, τ2Inversely traveling to time t used by leak source for optical signal from light source is Optical signal is delivered to other end required time from Transmission Fibers one end.
It is t that the acoustic signals of described leakage point is transferred to the time of sensor n-1n-1, the time being transferred to sensor n is tn, the time being transferred to sensor n+1 is tn+1, the time being transferred to sensor n+2 is tn+2, then leakage point and the n-th sensing The distance X computing formula of device is:
X = 1.07 e ω i σ 2 l n [ 2 L - c n ( t n + 1 - t n - t n - 1 + t n + 2 ) ] + 0.88
Wherein, L is the distance between two adjacent sensors, and c is light spread speed in atmosphere, and n is optical fibre refractivity, ωiFor acoustic vibration frequency, σ is working sensor wavelength.
Implement, as a example by the work process of gas pipeline leakage detection device, to be described further
The light that light source 400 sends, through optical circulator 710, enters photo-coupler, and input light is divided in 1 × 2 bonder Two bundles, first wave division multiplexer 500, it is arranged between light source 400 and Transmission Fibers 100, for the ripple sent by light source 400 Being transferred into Transmission Fibers 100 after long different optical signal synthesis is a branch of, optical fiber filter 200 wavelength is different, and optical fiber passes Sensor 300 operation wavelength is different, and the optical wavelength of fiber optic sensor feed back transmission back optical fiber 100 is different, natural gas tube Road leaks, and gas can rub with leakage hole wall, makes pipe vibration, thus has acoustic wave segment signal function to optical fiber On sensor 300, the corresponding operation wavelength of each Fibre Optical Sensor 300, act on n-th Fibre Optical Sensor when there being vibration signal On device, photo-detector 700 receives the optical signal of corresponding wavelength, thus identifies the position of corresponding Fibre Optical Sensor, according to leak source away from It is accurately positioned leak source from computing formula.
The present invention, using the Fibre Optical Sensor without power supply as the pick device of leakage signal, utilizes and lays with ditch with pipeline Optical fiber and Optical multiplexing technology realize the signal long-distance transmissions of Fibre Optical Sensor, solve electric transducer and power and at a distance A difficult problem for communication, can laying optical fiber sensor the most thick and fast, multisensor is combined and is carried out time delay and estimate to improve leakage point Positioning precision；In addition the sensitivity of Fibre Optical Sensor is the several times of tradition sonic transducer, can significantly improve natural gas tube Road minute leakage detection and the accuracy of location, use multiple Fibre Optical Sensor to detect pipe leakage vibration signal, connect difference Long wavelength fiber wave filter, does not interfere with each other between Fibre Optical Sensor, improves detection accuracy, arranges wavelength-division at Transmission Fibers two ends multiple With device, it is possible to be transferred into Transmission Fibers after the different optical signal synthesis of the wavelength that sent by light source is a branch of, simplify transmission network Network, reduces cost, it is provided that leak source location Calculation formula, it is achieved the precise positioning of leak source.
Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but it is not restricted in description and embodiment listed Using, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, and can be easily Realizing other amendment, therefore under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit In specific details with shown here as the legend with description.

Claims (8)

1. a gas pipeline leakage detection device, it is characterised in that including:
Transmission Fibers, its Surface coating vibration-absorptive material, isolate with sound field；
Multiple optical fiber filters, its filter wavelength is different, connects described Transmission Fibers after equidistant parallel connection；
Multiple Fibre Optical Sensors, it is layed in natural gas line side, connects described optical fiber filter, is used for detecting pipe leakage Vibration signal；And
Light source, it is multi-wavelength broadband continuous wave laser；
First wave division multiplexer, it is arranged between described light source and described Transmission Fibers, for the ripple sent by described light source It is transferred into described Transmission Fibers after long different optical signal synthesis is a branch of；
Photo-detector, it connects described Transmission Fibers, for detecting the pipe leakage vibration letter that described Fibre Optical Sensor is reflected back Number；
Second wavelength division multiplexer, it connects between described Transmission Fibers and photo-detector, for being combined described Transmission Fibers Light beam is divided into the optical signal of different wave length；
Location processor, it connects described photo-detector, is used for identifying leakage signal, and positions natural gas tube according to leakage signal Road leakage point.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 1 detection device, it is characterised in that also include optical circulator, its Connect described first wave division multiplexer, the second wavelength division multiplexer and described Transmission Fibers.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 2 detection device, it is characterised in that also include photo-coupler, its It is 1 × 2 photo-coupler, connects described optical circulator, for optical signal being divided into two bundles.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 3 detection device, it is characterised in that described wavelength division multiplexer is close Collection type wavelength division multiplexer.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 4 detection device, it is characterised in that described Fibre Optical Sensor is base In sagnac interferometer or the Fibre Optical Sensor of Michelson's interferometer.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 5 detection device, it is characterised in that described photo-detector is spectrum Analyser.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 6 detection device, it is characterised in that the work of described detection device Process is as follows:
When natural gas line leaks, gas can rub with leakage hole wall, makes pipe vibration, thus has acoustic wave segment Signal function, on Fibre Optical Sensor, causes the light phase propagated in optical fiber to be modulated, and its expression formula is:
Δ θ ( t ) = 2 φ i cosω i ( t - τ 2 + τ 1 2 ) sinω i ( τ 2 - τ 1 2 )
Wherein, Δ θ (t) is phase contrast；φiPhase place for light wave changes amplitude, ωiFor the frequency of leakage signal, τ1For optical signal Time needed for light source is forward propagated to leak source, τ2Inversely traveling to time t used by leak source for optical signal from light source is light letter Number it is delivered to other end required time from Transmission Fibers one end.
Gas pipeline leakage the most according to claim 7 detection device, it is characterised in that set the sound wave of described leakage point It is t that signal is transferred to the time of sensor n-1n-1, the time being transferred to sensor n is tn, it is transferred to the time of sensor n+1 For tn+1, the time being transferred to sensor n+2 is tn+2, then the distance X computing formula of leakage point and the n-th sensor is:
X = 1.07 e ω i σ 2 ln [ 2 L - c n ( t n + 1 - t n - t n - 1 + t n + 2 ) ] + 0.88
Wherein, L is the distance between two adjacent sensors, and c is light spread speed in atmosphere, and n is optical fibre refractivity, ωiFor sound Ripple frequency of vibration, σ is working sensor wavelength.
CN201610647216.6A 2016-08-09 2016-08-09 A kind of gas pipeline leakage detection device Pending CN106287238A (en)

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Cited By (9)

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CN106678551A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-05-17 中国石油大学(华东) Leakage detecting system and method for high-pressure CO2 pipeline
CN107477374A (en) * 2017-09-30 2017-12-15 必必优（深圳）科技有限公司 A kind of pipe leakage acoustic detector, system and method
CN108038275A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-05-15 哈尔滨理工大学 A kind of numerical simulation of gas pipeline leakage sound field and characteristic analysis method
CN110057760A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-07-26 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 A kind of synthetic gas automatic testing method based on combination laser light source
WO2020052589A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2020-03-19 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 Acousto-optic leakage monitoring system for nuclear power plant main steam pipeline
CN112728422A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-30 苏州欣皓信息技术有限公司 Leakage monitoring and positioning method and system for pipeline coated with distributed optical fiber
CN114295296A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 重庆赛格尔汽车配件有限公司 Method and system for detecting leakage of drain pipe
CN114295297A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 重庆赛格尔汽车配件有限公司 Drain pipe leak detector control system
CN117169156A (en) * 2023-10-14 2023-12-05 武汉圣达电气股份有限公司 Gas sensor and gas detection system

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CN106678551A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-05-17 中国石油大学(华东) Leakage detecting system and method for high-pressure CO2 pipeline
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CN110057760A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-07-26 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 A kind of synthetic gas automatic testing method based on combination laser light source
CN112728422B (en) * 2020-12-25 2023-03-14 苏州欣皓信息技术有限公司 Leakage monitoring and positioning method and system for pipeline coated with distributed optical fiber
CN112728422A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-30 苏州欣皓信息技术有限公司 Leakage monitoring and positioning method and system for pipeline coated with distributed optical fiber
CN114295297A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 重庆赛格尔汽车配件有限公司 Drain pipe leak detector control system
CN114295296A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 重庆赛格尔汽车配件有限公司 Method and system for detecting leakage of drain pipe
CN117169156A (en) * 2023-10-14 2023-12-05 武汉圣达电气股份有限公司 Gas sensor and gas detection system
CN117169156B (en) * 2023-10-14 2024-02-06 武汉圣达电气股份有限公司 Gas sensor and gas detection system

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Application publication date: 20170104