CN113175988B - Anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device - Google Patents
Anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175988B CN113175988B CN202110396166.XA CN202110396166A CN113175988B CN 113175988 B CN113175988 B CN 113175988B CN 202110396166 A CN202110396166 A CN 202110396166A CN 113175988 B CN113175988 B CN 113175988B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device, belonging to the technical field of distributed optical fiber sensing; the optical fiber acoustic sensor comprises an ASE broadband light source, an isolator, a 3X 3 coupler, a delay optical fiber, a 2X 1 coupler, a 1X 2 optical switch, a long-distance optical fiber, a sensing optical fiber, a Faraday rotating mirror, an acoustic-optical modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, a photoelectric conversion module, an I/V conversion module, an A/D conversion module, a data processing module, an upper computer, a differential amplifier, a band-pass filter, an audio transformer, a pre-amplification unit, a power amplification unit, a control unit, a sound device, an earphone and a single chip microcomputer module, and a set of complete distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing device is formed by mutual connection; the distributed optical fiber sound sensing device solves the problem that the distributed optical fiber sound sensing device which can clearly restore weak sound signals and can carry out noise resistance and breakpoint self-diagnosis on the laid optical fiber is absent at present.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to an anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device.
Background
The traditional sound sensing device depends on the support of electric power, so that the traditional sound sensing device cannot normally work in severe environments such as strong electromagnetic interference, high temperature and high pressure, humid climate and the like. With the development of optical fiber sensors, the interference type optical fiber sound sensing system is widely applied to passive or easily-interfered environments due to the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, high sensitivity, wide propagation distance, easiness in laying and the like. Although the application of the interference type optical fiber sound sensing system is wide, some problems exist. When the laid optical fiber generates breakpoints, breakage and other faults, the propagation quality of the sound signals can be greatly influenced, even the signal propagation is interrupted, and the reliability of the existing optical fiber sound sensing system is reduced due to the uncertainty of the faults. The existing optical fiber sound sensing system has limited capability of restoring and demodulating weak vibration signals, and the inherent noise of the system is higher.
Therefore, there is a need for a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing device capable of clearly restoring a weak acoustic signal and performing noise immunity and breakpoint self-diagnosis for breakpoint detection of a laid optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides the anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device; the distributed optical fiber sound sensing device solves the problem that the distributed optical fiber sound sensing device which can clearly restore weak sound signals and can perform noise resistance and breakpoint self-diagnosis for the breakpoint detection of the laid optical fiber is absent at present.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A distributed optical fiber sound sensing device with noise immunity and breakpoint self-diagnosis comprises an ASE broadband light source, an isolator, a 3 x 3 coupler, a delay optical fiber, a 2 x 1 coupler, a 1 x 2 optical switch, a long-distance optical fiber, a sensing optical fiber, a Faraday rotary mirror, an acoustic-optical modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, a first photoelectric conversion module, a first I/V conversion module, an A/D conversion module, a data processing module, an upper computer, a second photoelectric conversion module, a second I/V conversion module, a third photoelectric conversion module, a third I/V conversion module, a differential amplifier, a band-pass filter, an audio transformer, a pre-amplification unit, a power amplification unit, a control unit, a sound and an earphone; the output end of the ASE broadband light source is connected with the input end of the isolator, the output end of the isolator is connected with the port a of the 3 x 3 coupler, the port b of the 3 x 3 coupler is connected with the receiving end of the second photoelectric conversion module, the port c is connected with the receiving end of the third photoelectric conversion module, the port d is connected with one end of the delay optical fiber, the port e is connected with the port b of the 2 x 1 coupler, and the port f is connected with the input end of the acousto-optic modulator; the port a of the 2 x 1 coupler is connected with the other end of the delay optical fiber, the port c is connected with the port a of the 1 x 2 optical switch, and the port c of the 1 x 2 optical switch is sequentially connected with the long-distance optical fiber, the sensing optical fiber and the Faraday rotator; the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the input end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is connected with the port a of the fiber circulator; the port b of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the port b of the 1 multiplied by 2 optical switch, and the port c of the optical fiber circulator is sequentially connected with a first photoelectric conversion module, a first I/V conversion module, an A/D conversion module, a data processing module and an upper computer; the transmitting end of the second photoelectric conversion module is connected with the input end of the second I/V conversion module, and the transmitting end of the third photoelectric conversion module is connected with the input end of the third I/V conversion module; the output ends of the second I/V conversion module and the third I/V conversion module are respectively connected with two input ends of a differential amplifier, the output end of the differential amplifier is sequentially connected with a band-pass filter, an audio transformer and a pre-amplification unit, the output end of the pre-amplification unit is connected with the input end of a power amplification unit, and the two output ends of the power amplification unit are respectively connected with a sound and an earphone; the control unit is simultaneously connected with the power amplification unit.
Further, the sensing optical fiber and the Faraday rotator mirror are placed in a passive environment or an environment susceptible to electromagnetic interference.
Furthermore, the 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the single chip microcomputer module, and the port a or the port b of the 1 × 2 optical switch can be selectively communicated with the port c by controlling the single chip microcomputer module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the distributed optical fiber sound sensing system has the advantages of combining the advantages of a Sagnac interference type optical fiber sensing structure, an optical time domain reflection technology and a hardware demodulation technology, can clearly demodulate and restore weak sound signals in a passive or easily-interfered electromagnetic environment, has extremely strong anti-noise capability, simultaneously has a fault self-diagnosis function, and can accurately position optical fiber fault points, so that the sensitivity and the reliability of the distributed optical fiber sound sensing system are improved, the whole device has a simple, reliable and sensitive structure, and the distributed optical fiber sound sensing system is suitable for an inflammable and explosive environment needing a passive device or an environment with electromagnetic interference, such as an underground coal mine.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention as a whole;
wherein, 1 is ASE broadband light source, 2 is isolator, 3 is 3 multiplied by 3 coupler, 4 is delay fiber, 5 is 2 multiplied by 1 coupler, 6 is 1 multiplied by 2 optical switch, 7 is long distance fiber, 8 is sensing fiber, 9 is Faraday rotation mirror, 10 is sound signal, 11 is staff, 12 is passive or easy to be interfered by electromagnetic environment, 13 is acousto-optic modulator, 14 is erbium-doped fiber amplifier, 15 is fiber circulator, 16 is first photoelectric conversion module, 17 is first I/V conversion module, 18 is A/D conversion module, 19 is data processing module, 20 is upper computer, 21 is second photoelectric conversion module, 22 is second I/V conversion module, 23 is third photoelectric conversion module, 24 is third I/V conversion module, 25 is differential amplifier, 26 is band-pass filter, 27 is audio transformer, 28 is preamp unit, 29 is a power amplifying unit, 30 is a control unit, 31 is a sound, 32 is an earphone, and 33 is a singlechip module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a distributed optical fiber sound sensing device with noise immunity and breakpoint self-diagnosis, which comprises an ASE broadband light source 1, an isolator 2, a 3 × 3 coupler 3, a delay optical fiber 4, a 2 × 1 coupler 5, a 1 × 2 optical switch 6, a long-distance optical fiber 7, a sensing optical fiber 8, a Faraday rotator mirror 9, an acousto-optic modulator 13, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 14, an optical fiber circulator 15, a first photoelectric conversion module 16, a first I/V conversion module 17, an A/D conversion module 18, a data processing module 19, an upper computer 20, a second photoelectric conversion module 21, a second I/V conversion module 22, a third photoelectric conversion module 23, a third I/V conversion module 24, a differential amplifier 25, a band-pass filter 26, an audio transformer 27, a pre-amplification unit 28, a power amplification unit 29, a control unit 30, The sound equipment 31, the earphone 32 and the singlechip module 33.
The output end of the ASE broadband light source 1 is connected with the input end of an isolator 2, and the output end of the isolator 2 is connected with the a port of a 3 multiplied by 3 coupler 3. The b port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3 is connected to the receiving end of the second photoelectric conversion module 21, the c port is connected to the receiving end of the third photoelectric conversion module 23, the d port is connected to one end of the delay fiber 4, the e port is connected to the b port of the 2 × 1 coupler 5, and the f port is connected to the input end of the acousto-optic modulator 13.
The a port of the 2 × 1 coupler 5 is connected to the other end of the delay fiber 4, the c port is connected to the a port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6, and the c port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 is connected to one end of the long-distance fiber 7.
The 1 × 2 optical switch 6 is connected to the single chip microcomputer module 33, and the port a or the port b of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 can be selectively communicated with the port c by controlling the single chip microcomputer module 33.
The other end of the long-distance optical fiber 7 is connected with the head end of a sensing optical fiber 8, and the tail end of the sensing optical fiber 8 is connected with a Faraday rotation mirror 9. The sensing fiber 8 and the Faraday rotator mirror 9 are placed in a passive or electromagnetic interference environment 12.
The output end of the acousto-optic modulator 13 is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 14, and the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 14 is connected with the a port of a fiber circulator 15. The b port of the optical fiber circulator 15 is connected with the b port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6, and the c port is connected with the receiving end of the first photoelectric conversion module 16. The transmitting end of the first photoelectric conversion module 16 is connected with the input end of the first I/V conversion module 17, the output end of the first I/V conversion module 17 is connected with the input end of the a/D conversion module 18, and a data processing module 19 is arranged between the output end of the a/D conversion module 18 and the upper computer 20.
The transmitting end of the second photoelectric conversion module 21 is connected with the input end of the second I/V conversion module 22, and the transmitting end of the third photoelectric conversion module 23 is connected with the input end of the third I/V conversion module 24. The output ends of the second I/V conversion module 22 and the third I/V conversion module 24 are respectively connected to two input ends of a differential amplifier 25. The output end of the differential amplifier 25 is connected with the input end of the band-pass filter 26, the output end of the band-pass filter 26 is connected with the input end of the audio transformer 27, the output end of the audio transformer 27 is connected with the input end of the pre-amplification unit 28, the output end of the pre-amplification unit 28 is connected with the input end of the power amplification unit 29, and two output ends of the power amplification unit 29 are respectively connected with the sound 31 and the earphone 32. The control unit 30 is also connected to the input of the power amplification unit 29.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when sound signal detection needs to be carried out in a passive or easily-interfered electromagnetic environment, a worker can start the anti-noise and breakpoint self-diagnosis distributed optical fiber sound sensing device.
The ASE broadband light source 1 outputs a laser detection signal, the laser detection signal enters an a port of a 3 x 3 coupler 3 through an isolator 2 and is divided into three detection beams, wherein the first detection beam is output from a d port of the 3 x 3 coupler 3, the second detection beam is output from an e port of the 3 x 3 coupler 3, and the third detection beam is output from an f port of the 3 x 3 coupler 3.
In order to ensure the reliability of the optical fiber sound sensing system, the port b and the port c of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 are communicated by the single chip module 33, and the breakpoint detection of the optical fiber is performed.
The first beam of probe light of the laser probe signal is output from the d port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3 and then enters the 2 × 1 coupler 5 through the delay fiber 4, the second beam of probe light is output from the e port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3 and then enters the 2 × 1 coupler 5, the first beam of probe light and the second beam of probe light are output from the c port of the 2 × 1 coupler 5 and then enter the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 from the a port, and the first beam of probe light and the second beam of probe light cannot be transmitted continuously because the a port and the c port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 are disconnected.
The third beam of probe light of the laser probe signal is output from the f port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3, passes through the acousto-optic modulator 13 and the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 14, enters the a port of the optical fiber circulator 15, the probe light is output from the b port of the optical fiber circulator 15, enters the b port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6, the probe light output from the port c of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 enters the long-distance optical fiber 7 and the sensing optical fiber 8, if a break point exists in the long-distance optical fiber 7 or the sensing optical fiber 8, the incoming probe light generates backward rayleigh scattering at the break point, the scattered light returns to the c port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 through the original path, enters the b port of the optical fiber circulator 15 from the b port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6, and is output from the c port of the output port of the optical fiber circulator 15, and the scattered light output from the c port of the optical fiber circulator 15 sequentially passes through the first photoelectric conversion module 16, The accurate position of the optical fiber breakpoint is displayed in the upper computer 20 after the first I/V conversion module 17, the A/D conversion module 18 and the data processing module 19, so that maintenance personnel can conveniently maintain the system.
When the optical fiber laid by the optical fiber sound sensing system has no break point or the break point is repaired, the port a and the port c of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 are communicated by using the single chip microcomputer module 33 to detect the sound signal.
The ASE broadband light source 1 outputs a laser detection signal, the laser detection signal enters an a port of a 3 x 3 coupler 3 through an isolator 2 and is divided into three detection beams, wherein the first detection beam is output from a d port of the 3 x 3 coupler 3, the second detection beam is output from an e port of the 3 x 3 coupler 3, and the third detection beam is output from an f port of the 3 x 3 coupler 3.
A first beam of detection light of the laser detection signal enters the a port of the 2 × 1 coupler 5 after passing through the delay fiber 4.
The second probe beam of the laser probe signal enters the b port of the 2 x 1 coupler 5.
The first probe beam and the second probe beam are combined in the 2 × 1 coupler 5, and then output from the c port of the 2 × 1 coupler 5 and enter the a port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6.
The combined laser detection signal passes through the long-distance optical fiber 7 and the sensing optical fiber 8 in sequence from the c port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 and then enters the faraday rotator mirror 9.
The faraday rotator mirror 9 is used to reflect probe light with low loss and the sensing fiber 8 will return an acoustic signal 10 when a worker 11 in a passive or electromagnetic interference prone environment emits the acoustic signal in the vicinity of the sensing fiber 8.
The reflected probe light sequentially passes through the sensing fiber 8, the long-distance fiber 7 and the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 and enters a c port of the 2 × 1 coupler 5, the probe light is equally divided into two probe lights at the 2 × 1 coupler 5, one probe light output from a port a of the 2 × 1 coupler 5 passes through the delay fiber 4 and enters a d port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3, the other probe light output from a port b of the 2 × 1 coupler 5 directly enters an e port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3, the two probe lights interfere in the 3 × 3 coupler 3 and are equally divided into three probe lights, the three probe lights are respectively output from the a port, the b port and the c port of the 3 × 3 coupler, wherein the probe light output from the port a of the 3 × 3 coupler is isolated by the isolator 2, the probe light output from the port b of the 3 × 3 coupler is input to the second I/V conversion module 22 via the second photoelectric conversion module 21, the probe light output from the c-port is input to the third I/V conversion module 24 via the third photoelectric conversion module 23.
The two paths of electric signals output by the second I/V conversion module 22 and the third I/V conversion module 24 are output to a differential amplifier 25, magnetic interference signals are suppressed, the electric signals after differential processing sequentially pass through a band-pass filter 26, an audio transformer 27 and a pre-amplification unit 28 and then are transmitted to a power amplification unit 29, the restored sound signals sent by the staff are transmitted to a sound box 31 and an earphone 32 by the power amplification unit 29 for playing, and a control unit 30 is connected with the power amplification unit 29 and is used for controlling the output volume of the power amplification unit 29.
The third beam of detection light of the laser detection signal is output from the f port of the 3 × 3 coupler 3, passes through the acousto-optic modulator 13 and the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 14, enters the a port of the fiber circulator 15, the detection light is output from the b port of the fiber circulator 15, enters the b port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6, and the third beam of detection light cannot be transmitted continuously because the b port and the c port of the 1 × 2 optical switch 6 are disconnected.
The device of the invention has extremely high sensitivity by utilizing the Sagnac interference type optical fiber sensing structure. By utilizing the output characteristics of the 3 multiplied by 3 coupler and the advantages of the hardware demodulation technology, the device has extremely strong anti-noise capability, can clearly reduce extremely weak sound signals in a passive or easily-interfered electromagnetic environment, and can transmit the sound signals to the outside through the sensing optical fiber 8. Meanwhile, the device also has the function of optical fiber fault self-diagnosis, can detect the breakpoint of the laid optical fiber in real time by using an optical time domain reflection technology, and can accurately position the breakpoint of the optical fiber so as to improve the reliability of the optical fiber sound sensing system. The whole device is simple in structure, reliable and sensitive, and is suitable for underground coal mines and other flammable and explosive environments needing passive devices or environments with electromagnetic interference.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a distributed fiber optic sound sensing device of noise immunity and breakpoint self diagnosis which characterized in that: the optical fiber amplifier comprises an ASE broadband light source (1), an isolator (2), a 3 x 3 coupler (3), a delay optical fiber (4), a 2 x 1 coupler (5), a 1 x 2 optical switch (6), a long-distance optical fiber (7), a sensing optical fiber (8), a Faraday rotary mirror (9), an acousto-optic modulator (13), an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (14), an optical fiber circulator (15), a first photoelectric conversion module (16), a first I/V conversion module (17), an A/D conversion module (18), a data processing module (19), an upper computer (20), a second photoelectric conversion module (21), a second I/V conversion module (22), a third photoelectric conversion module (23), a third I/V conversion module (24), a differential amplifier (25), a band-pass filter (26), an audio transformer (27), a pre-amplification unit (28), A power amplification unit (29), a control unit (30), a sound (31), and an earphone (32);
the output end of the ASE broadband light source (1) is connected with the input end of an isolator (2), the output end of the isolator (2) is connected with an a port of a 3 x 3 coupler (3), a b port of the 3 x 3 coupler (3) is connected with the receiving end of a second photoelectric conversion module (21), a c port is connected with the receiving end of a third photoelectric conversion module (23), a d port is connected with one end of a delay optical fiber (4), an e port is connected with a b port of a 2 x 1 coupler (5), and an f port is connected with the input end of an acousto-optic modulator (13);
the port a of the 2 x 1 coupler (5) is connected with the other end of the delay optical fiber (4), the port c is connected with the port a of the 1 x 2 optical switch (6), and the port c of the 1 x 2 optical switch (6) is sequentially connected with a long-distance optical fiber (7), a sensing optical fiber (8) and a Faraday rotator mirror (9);
the output end of the acousto-optic modulator (13) is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (14), and the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (14) is connected with an a port of an optical fiber circulator (15); the b port of the optical fiber circulator (15) is connected with the b port of the 1 x 2 optical switch (6), and the c port of the optical fiber circulator (15) is sequentially connected with a first photoelectric conversion module (16), a first I/V conversion module (17), an A/D conversion module (18), a data processing module (19) and an upper computer (20);
the transmitting end of the second photoelectric conversion module (21) is connected with the input end of the second I/V conversion module (22), and the transmitting end of the third photoelectric conversion module (23) is connected with the input end of the third I/V conversion module (24); the output ends of the second I/V conversion module (22) and the third I/V conversion module (24) are respectively connected with two input ends of a differential amplifier (25), the output end of the differential amplifier (25) is sequentially connected with a band-pass filter (26), an audio transformer (27) and a pre-amplification unit (28), the output end of the pre-amplification unit (28) is connected with the input end of a power amplification unit (29), and the two output ends of the power amplification unit (29) are respectively connected with a sound box (31) and an earphone (32); the control unit (30) is simultaneously connected with the power amplification unit (29);
the 1 × 2 optical switch (6) is connected with a singlechip module (33), and the port a or the port b of the 1 × 2 optical switch (6) can be selectively communicated with the port c by controlling the singlechip module (33).
2. The distributed fiber optic acoustic sensing device for noise immunity and breakpoint self-diagnosis according to claim 1, wherein: the sensing optical fiber (8) and the Faraday rotation mirror (9) are placed in a passive or easily-interfered electromagnetic environment (12).
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