CN203940239U - Pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system - Google Patents
Pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203940239U CN203940239U CN201320673091.6U CN201320673091U CN203940239U CN 203940239 U CN203940239 U CN 203940239U CN 201320673091 U CN201320673091 U CN 201320673091U CN 203940239 U CN203940239 U CN 203940239U
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 length Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009421 internal insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model is a kind of oil-gas pipeline safety monitor and early warning system.Mainly comprise light source module 100, testing module 101, data processing and control module 102 and sensing module 103.Light source module 100 is to sensing module 103 injected pulse light, the backward Rayleigh scattering light that testing module 101 detects in sensor fibre, data processing and control module 102 acquisition and processing data, and to relay amplification device a, launch relay and control signal through communication optical fiber a.Sensing module 103 picks up the oscillating signal of pipeline by sensor fibre, communication optical fiber transmission trunking control signal.The impact of the utility model background noise is little, realizes detection, identification, judgement and the locating function of pipeline multiple spot oscillating signal along the line, has very high detection sensitivity, positioning precision and different event recognition accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is a kind of oil-gas pipeline safety monitor and early warning system, especially relates to a kind of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques based on relevant Rayleigh (Ф-OTDR) principle, relates to the measurement of mechanical vibration, the measurement of impact and pipe-line system technical field.
Background technique
Pipeline transport is widely used all over the world as a kind of safe, economic means of transportation.Along with the development of pipeline industry, the pipe safety accident causing because of factors such as pipeline damage from third-party along the line, natural disasteies happens occasionally, and has had a strong impact on the safe operation of pipeline.For the safe operation of service conduit, reduce the generation of harm pipe safety event, pipe safety operation and maintenance technology is subject to showing great attention to of various countries scientific and technical personnel.Monitoring pipeline safety early warning technology can be reported to the police and locate before pipeline is destroyed, for stoping generation, minimizing property loss and the environmental pollution of threat tube security incident to play an important role.
At present, the existing multiple fiber optic cable monitor pipeline that utilizes pipeline laying in one ditch threatens technology and the method for event along the line both at home and abroad, but the main pipeline optical fiber safety monitoring and warning technology of the OTDR based on traditional or the research and development of fibre optic interferometer principle of this class technology.Chinese invention patent application number 02145502.3 is applied to monitoring leak from oil gas pipe by traditional OTDR technology.OTDR technology is the abbreviation of optical time domain reflection (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) technology, traditional OTDR is the fault point that Rayleigh scattering dorsad by producing in detection fiber and Fresnel reflection signal judge optical fiber, is mainly used in the detections such as the fault of optical cable, the loss of the length of optical fiber, optical fiber and opticalfiber splicing loss.Thereby this technology can only detect quiescent dissipation and change disturbance slowly, can not realize the Real-Time Monitoring that pipeline threatens event oscillating signal along the line.
Chinese invention patent application numbers 200410020046.6,200610072879.6,200610113044.0,200720169440.5 grades adopt many optical fiber to form distributed optical fiber vibration sensor monitoring pipeline oscillating signal along the line based on fibre optic interferometer principle, because pipeline is along thread environment more complicated, background noise impact is stronger, distributed more widely, thereby such technology is more difficult to the detection of pipeline multiple spot oscillating signal along the line, identification, judgement and contrast locating.
Model utility content
The purpose of this utility model is that design is a kind of based on relevant Rayleigh (Ф-OTDR) principle, little, detection, identification, judgement and the locating function that realizes pipeline multiple spot oscillating signal along the line of impact that adopts photoderm to carry out sectional monitoring, background noise along the line to pipeline, the pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system with very high detection sensitivity, positioning precision and different event recognition accuracy.
The principle of pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system is: when photoderm transmits in Single Mode Fiber, owing to preparing in the material of optical fiber, there is contaminant particles, or because the nonuniformity of the density of optical fiber own will make optical fiber have the tiny area that refractive index is different on microcosmic, each zonule becomes scattering center, to all the winds send the subwave of same frequency, these subwaves, without fixed phase relationship, are random processes.If the coherent length long enough of light source, these dorsad Rayleigh scattering light will mutually superpose, form long or destructive interference mutually, and form interference pattern.Coherent length L at light source
cscope in, in the situation that pipeline laying in one ditch optical fiber is buried the external environment in region underground is constant, survey the intensity distriubtion of Rayleigh scattering dorsad, the intensity distriubtion pattern obtaining is changeless, Rayleigh scattering light intensity meets certain statistical law dorsad.And when external environment changes, will produce on the optical fiber in region certain impact, thus change the light intensity of Rayleigh scattering in optical fiber, according to statistical law, also can there is corresponding variation in the relevant pattern of the Rayleigh scattering light dorsad now obtaining.By analyzing these, change, optical fiber Vibration Condition along the line can be detected, thereby realize the monitoring to pipeline certain limit along the line.
Principle of the present utility model as shown in Figure 1.Buried pipeline (1) is laid with communication cable around, use wherein a core as sensor fibre (2), one core is as communication optical fiber (3), sensor fibre (2) increases Optical fiber relay amplifying device (5) on the way, and communication optical fiber (3) connects detection device (6) and data and control module (7); Data and control module (7) are by the relay and control signal of communication optical fiber (3) transmission trunking amplifying device (5); the real-time adjusting that realization is amplified relaying, relay amplification device can amplify pulsed light wave and the backward transmission Rayleigh interfere optical signal of forward transmission simultaneously; The anterioposterior curve that use detects is divided by, and filters background noise, improves positioning precision.
Buried pipeline 1 oscillating signal 4 around acts in pipeline laying in one ditch optical cable on sensor fibre 2, and the refractive index of optical fiber, length, core diameter etc. have minor variations, cause this place's phase place to change.In detection device 6, light source adopts high-coherence light source, and in sensor fibre 2, backward Rayleigh scattering is interfered mutually, and due to interference effect, the variation of phase place finally causes the variation of Rayleigh scattering light intensity.By surveying this variation, monitor the oscillating signal of pipeline.Data processing control device 7 can send relay and control signal to relay amplification device 5 through communication optical fiber 3 and adjust relaying magnification factor.
Pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system theory diagram as shown in Figure 2.Mainly comprise light source module 100, testing module 101, data processing and control module 102 and sensing module 103.Light source module 100 is to sensing module 103 injected pulse light, the backward Rayleigh scattering light that testing module 101 detects in sensor fibre, data processing and control module 102 acquisition and processing data, and to relay amplification device a, launch relay and control signal through communication optical fiber a.Sensing module 103 picks up the oscillating signal of pipeline by sensor fibre, communication optical fiber transmission trunking control signal.
Laser driving and protective gear, narrow linewidth laser, 1 * 2 Fiber Optic Coupler, power amplifier, optical fiber filter, light pulse modulator, optical fiber circulator are connected in series successively, wherein light pulse modulator need to connect impulse controller, 1 * 2 Fiber Optic Coupler output is than being 99:1, beam intensity ratio is 0.99 one termination optical fiber filter, and beam intensity ratio is that 0.01 one end enters 3 * 3 Couplers together with passing through the reflected signal amplifying; The output terminal of optical fiber circulator is connected in series preamplifier, optical fiber filter successively, together with one end of reflected signal after filtering and 1 * 2 Coupler, access 3 * 3 Couplers, three output terminals of 3 * 3 Couplers are inputted photodetector, signal conditioner, data acquisition unit, signal processing and control gear successively; Data processing and control gear output meet communication optical fiber a to relay amplification device a through optical communication device, pass through successively communication optical fiber b, communication optical fiber c to relay amplification device b, relay amplification device c.Laser drives and protective gear drives and Bright Source Protection for narrow linewidth laser provides, narrow linewidth laser is exported continuous light wave and is exported 1 * 2 Fiber Optic Coupler to by internal insulation device, one end access power amplifier, through the continuous light wave that amplifies, enter light pulse-modulator after by optical fiber filter, the modulation duty cycle of pulse-modulator is regulated by impulse controller, light pulse after overmodulation enters sensor fibre a by optical fiber circulator, relay amplification device a is passed through in light pulse more successively, relay amplification device b, after relay amplification device c, enter respectively sensor fibre b, sensor fibre c, sensor fibre d, the optical signal reflecting is through entering preamplifier after optical fiber circulator, after passing through successively optical fiber filter, 3 * 3 Fiber Optic Coupler, optical fiber electricity detector and signal conditioner through the optical signal after amplifying, enter data acquisition unit, collect the signal entering signal processing of San road and control gear and process, after judging to received signal, signal processing and control gear send relay and control signal, this signal, by realizing the control to relay amplification device a magnification factor after optical communication module entry communication optical fiber a, is then realized the control to relay amplification device b, relay amplification device c magnification factor by communication optical fiber b, communication optical fiber c successively.
Wherein, the structure of relay amplification device as shown in Figure 3.This relay amplification device is simple in structure, only by an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier, just can amplify the photoderm of forward transmission and the Rayleigh interfere signal of reverse transfer simultaneously, the optical communication device output that is connected to communication optical fiber a and communication optical fiber b is connected in series relaying amplification control circuit, power amplifier successively, and power amplifier output is connected to sensor fibre b through optical fiber filter.
Optical communication device receives the relay and control signal that signal is processed and control gear 7 sends, relaying amplification control circuit power ratio control amplifier, and the signal demand after amplifying is through entering sensor fibre after optical fiber filter.
Described optical fiber is Single Mode Fiber.
The photovoltaic principals figure of pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system as shown in Figure 4.Photovoltaic principals figure has shown the Placement between each module.By FC interface, light source module is connected with optical fiber circulator, through FC interface, is connected with sensing module; The backward Rayleigh scattering light of sensing module enters testing module by single-mode fiber jumper, scattered light signal becomes electrical signal after module after testing and enters data processing and control module by bnc interface, according to processing data through communication optical fiber phase sensing module transmitting relay and control signal.
The processing of data is mainly completed by software.Software section carry out data processing, judge whether warning message and to relay amplification device 5, send relay and control signal according to the power of signal.
The utility model has the advantage of:
(1) before and after the utilization of this pipeline optical fiber safety monitoring and pre-alarming method positioning principle detects curve, voltage is divided by, compare traditional anterioposterior curve subtract each other can be larger the impact that reduces background noise, there is higher precision and lower rate of false alarm;
(2) this pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system utilizes two Single Mode Fiber in pipeline laying in one ditch communication cable to form pipeline vibration transducer along the line, in the situation that not adding relaying, Single Mode Fiber of needs, has saved pipeline laying in one ditch communication cable resource;
(3) native system is used 3 * 3 Coupler demodulation principle, reduces the impact of polarization decay polarization, has very high sensitivity;
(4) native system relaying structure for amplifying is simple, only need on sensor fibre, be connected in series a Fiber Optic Amplifier controlled, Bi-directional amplifier and just can realize the photoderm of forward transmission and rear relevant Rayleigh scattering light to transmission are amplified simultaneously, and can to relaying magnification factor, automatically adjust according to rear orientation light;
(5) this system is easy to networking, can realize the safety monitoring of complex grid;
(6) the distribution type fiber-optic vibrative sensor that this system adopts has the features such as electrical insulating property is good, essential safety is reliable, corrosion-resistant, and this makes it in the environment such as the strong electromagnetic such as petrochemical industry, inflammable, explosive, deep-etching, have application prospect widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 pipeline optical fiber safety monitoring and pre-alarming method schematic diagram
Fig. 2 pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system theory diagram
Fig. 3 relay amplification device theory diagram
Fig. 4 photovoltaic principals figure
Fig. 5 test signal voltage-time history
Fig. 6 test result figure
1-buried pipeline 2-sensor fibre wherein
3-communication optical fiber 4-vibration event
5-relay amplification device 6-detection device
7-signal is processed and control gear 100-light source module
101-testing module 102-signal is processed and control module
103-sensing module 8a-vibration event a
8b-vibration event b V
1-detection curve is interior voltage for the previous period
V
2voltage s in a period of time after-detection curve
0-vibration event auditory localization cues
L
01 t of-pipeline optical cable along the line
0-vibration event time of origin
Embodiment
Embodiment. below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, native system is described in further detail:
This routine principle as shown in Figure 1.Buried pipeline 1 oscillating signal 4 around acts in pipeline laying in one ditch optical cable on sensor fibre 2, and the refractive index of optical fiber, length, core diameter etc. have minor variations, cause this place's phase place to change.In detection device 6, light source adopts high-coherence light source, and in sensor fibre 2, backward Rayleigh scattering is interfered mutually, and due to interference effect, the variation of phase place finally causes the variation of Rayleigh scattering light intensity.By surveying this variation, monitor the oscillating signal of pipeline.Data processing control device 7 can send relay and control signal through communication optical fiber 3 to relay amplification device 5 according to the power of detected signal and adjust relaying magnification factor.In data processing control device 7, can different sensitivity be set to pipeline different locations along the line.
Pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system structure is as shown in Figure 2: laser drives and protective gear drives narrow linewidth laser to send continuous light wave, first light wave passes through laser internal optical fiber isolator, fibre optic isolater can effectively reduce the harm of reflected light to system source, continuous light wave is through 1 * 2 Fiber Optic Coupler afterwards, to be one end of 0.99 enter optical fiber filter and carry out filtering processing through power amplifier is laggard Coupler beam intensity ratio, the noise that wave filter effectively produces in filtering amplification process, through filtered continuous light, by light pulse modulators modulate, become photoderm, light pulse dutycycle after modulation is determined by impulse controller, photoderm enters sensor fibre a by optical fiber circulator, pass through successively relay amplification device a, relay amplification device b, relay amplification device c, amplify afterpulse light and enter sensor fibre b, sensor fibre c, sensor fibre d, relaying amplification module simultaneously paired pulses light amplifies with the interference signal being reflected back, the interference signal being reflected back passes through optical fiber filter after optical fiber preamplifier amplifies, one end that filtered optical signal and 1 * 2 optical fiber filter beam intensity ratio are 0.01 together enters 3 * 3 Fiber Optic Coupler, three output terminals of 3 * 3 Couplers become electrical signal after photodetector, electrical signal is through entering data acquisition unit after signal conditioner, the data that collect are carried out subsequent treatment in data processing and control gear, result shows and relay and control signal is sent in judgement afterwards, this signal is respectively through communication optical fiber a, communication optical fiber b, communication optical fiber c transfers to relaying amplification module a, relaying amplification module b, relaying amplification module c, amplification controller obtains better reflected signal according to this signal to Fiber Optic Amplifier adjustment, direct impulse light after amplification needs after device, to enter sensor fibre after filtering again.
This routine relay amplification device structure as shown in Figure 3.The relay and control signal that optical communication module reception data processing and control module 7 are sent, amplification control circuit is adjusted power amplifier according to this signal, and the optical signal after amplification carries out filtering by optical fiber filter.When only needing an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier just can realize paired pulses light and Rayleigh interfere signal in this device, amplify, it should be noted that pipeline distance that this system can be monitored according to actual needs determines the relay amplification device number of needs.
In this example, photovoltaic principals figure as shown in Figure 4.By FC interface, light source module is connected with optical fiber circulator, through FC interface, is connected with sensing module; The backward Rayleigh scattering light of sensing module enters testing module by single-mode fiber jumper, scattered light signal becomes electrical signal after module after testing and enters data processing and control module by bnc interface, according to processing data through communication optical fiber phase sensing module transmitting relay and control signal.
As shown in Figure 5, this curve is Real-time Collection to voltage-time primitive curve that this routine system acquisition arrives.Only highly relevant due to injection fibre, the curve therefore collecting is exactly the result of the photoderm Rayleigh scattering light-interference of returning in sensor fibre internal reflection.
This routine state event location result as shown in Figure 6.This system can be monitored a plurality of vibration events of diverse location simultaneously, and the minimum resolution distance of a plurality of events is determined by the spatial resolution of system.Vibration event 8a and the vibration event 8b vibration event for diverse location constantly for obtaining according to above-mentioned positioning principle in figure, the corresponding time t of 8a transverse axis
1, the corresponding time t of 8b transverse axis
2, model utility calculates vibration event.
This example is through test, adopt photoderm to carry out sectional monitoring along the line to pipeline, the impact of background noise is little, realizes detection, identification, judgement and the locating function of pipeline multiple spot oscillating signal along the line, has very high detection sensitivity, positioning precision and different event recognition accuracy.
Claims (5)
1. a pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system, is characterized in that: pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system mainly comprises light source module (100), testing module (101), data processing and control module (102) and sensing module (103); Power module (100) is to sensing module (103) injected pulse light, testing module (101) detects the backward Rayleigh scattering light in sensor fibre, data processing and control module (102) acquisition and processing data, and to relay amplification device a, launch relay and control signal through communication optical fiber a; Sensing module (103) picks up the oscillating signal of pipeline by sensor fibre, communication optical fiber transmission trunking control signal.
2. pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system is specially: laser driving and protective gear, narrow linewidth laser, 1 * 2 Fiber Optic Coupler, power amplifier, optical fiber filter, light pulse modulator, optical fiber circulator are connected in series successively, light pulse modulator need to connect impulse controller, 1 * 2 Fiber Optic Coupler output is than being 99:1, beam intensity ratio is 0.99 one termination optical fiber filter, and beam intensity ratio is that 0.01 one end enters 3 * 3 Couplers together with passing through the reflected signal amplifying; The output terminal of optical fiber circulator is connected in series preamplifier, optical fiber filter successively, together with one end of reflected signal after filtering and 1 * 2 Coupler, access 3 * 3 Couplers, three output terminals of 3 * 3 Couplers successively photodetector, signal conditioner, data acquisition unit, signal are processed and control gear; Data processing and control gear output meet communication optical fiber a to relay amplification device a through optical communication device, successively by communication optical fiber b, communication optical fiber c, to relay amplification device b, relay amplification device c.
3. according to the pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system described in claims 1, it is characterized in that the photovoltaic principals connecting between each module is: by FC interface, light source module is connected with optical fiber circulator, through FC interface, is connected with sensing module; The backward Rayleigh scattering light of sensing module enters testing module by single-mode fiber jumper, scattered light signal becomes electrical signal after module after testing and enters data processing and control module by bnc interface, according to processing data through communication optical fiber phase sensing module transmitting relay and control signal.
4. pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system according to claim 2, the structure that it is characterized in that described relay amplification device is: the optical communication device output that is connected to communication optical fiber a and communication optical fiber b is connected in series relaying amplification control circuit, power amplifier successively, and power amplifier output is connected to sensor fibre b through optical fiber filter.
5. according to the pipeline optical fiber safety monitor and early warning system described in claims 4, it is characterized in that: the Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier that is connected in series a Bi-directional amplifier on sensor fibre.
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Cited By (10)
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CN104574742A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Optical fiber circumference security and protection system based on phi-OTDR technology |
CN104565826A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pipeline optical fiber safety monitoring early warning method and system |
CN107764461A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-06 | 南方科技大学 | Distributed hydrostatic sensor system based on Brillouin's dynamic raster |
CN108150836A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 天津超音科技有限公司 | Monitoring leak from oil gas pipe early warning system based on optical fiber |
CN108507760A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-07 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司贵阳局 | A kind of high-voltage convertor station energy-transmission optic fibre link state on-line measuring device |
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CN110487390A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-22 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of distributed fiber-optic sensor monitoring management method |
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CN109579972A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳供电规划设计院有限公司 | A kind of pipeline vibration early warning positioning device and method |
CN110131590A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Monitoring Pinpelines method and device based on mobile terminal locations data |
CN110487390A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-22 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of distributed fiber-optic sensor monitoring management method |
CN111929001A (en) * | 2020-08-15 | 2020-11-13 | 廊坊开发区中油新星电信工程有限公司 | Optical cable pipeline safety early warning system |
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