CN104867275A - Railway slope landslide information collection and early warning systems based on distributed fiber sensing - Google Patents
Railway slope landslide information collection and early warning systems based on distributed fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses railway slope landslide information collection and early warning systems based on distributed fiber sensing. The collection system comprises a linear continuous monitoring sequence and a control cabinet; the linear continuous monitoring sequence is composed of fiber sensor buried in the slope structure at one side of a railway in an M shape, and the slope condition can be comprehensively and effectively monitored without omission; and the control cabinet comprises an optical path module which can generate pumping laser pulses, a circuit module which controls the optical path, and a communication module which transmits data to a monitoring room. The system monitors deformation of the railway slope via the fiber sensors which are buried in the distributed manner, and transmits collected information to the control cabinet in real time via the wireless communication module; the system can effectively forecast slope landslide, and predict possible slope landslide according to trends of data; and the systems are characterized by high stability, high anti-interference capability and long signal transmission distance.
Description
Technical field
The technology of the present invention belongs to safety of railway traffic monitoring field, relates to a kind of railway slope landslide collection based on distributing optical fiber sensing and early warning system.
Background technology
In recent years, China Railway system is fast-developing, and high-speed railway mileage number increases sharply, and train running speed is also more and more faster, more and more higher to the safety requirements of driving, ensures that the pressure of safe train operation is also increasing.Side slope is modal project in Environment in Railway Engineering Construction.The landslide of causing as the slope deforming unstable failure of one of global three large geologic hazards, and the rubble flow that massif collapses and heavy rain is formed caused by coming down often causes serious harm to nation-building and people's lives and properties.Along with China's continuing to increase in recent years to the Transportation Infrastructure Construction dynamics such as railway and scale of investment, Along Railway has excavated a large amount of engineering slope, brings very large potential safety hazard to transportation by railroad and the people's lives and property.Therefore, in order to prevent trouble before it happens, Real-Time Monitoring must be carried out to slope deforming, and then realize the early warning to slope and land slide harm.
Traditional landslide monitoring method uses electrical sensor, but be easily subject to the interference of environment, and need manually to make regular check on to scene.Along with the development of Modern Sensor Technology, GPS (Global Positioning System, GPS) method, Close Up Photogrammetry, time domain reflectometry (Time Domain Reflectometers, TDR) method also for railway slope distortion and landslide monitoring among, but also there is its limitation in these sensors, such as easily be subject to the impact of weather, or the costliness of relevant device, be unfavorable for large-scale popularization.Therefore, the monitoring of coming down for railway slope is at present subject to the restriction of many factors, needs the railway slope Landslide Forecast System proposing complete set.
Outdoor field observation, laboratory experiment and theoretical analysis normally combine by landslide monitoring.Problems existing is: the collection of data needs human at periodic intervals to carry out to scene, makes landslide monitoring lack real-time.Under many circumstances, instable slope is in backcountry, and personnel are difficult to arrive, and especially face what come down the stage of sending out, personnel on site monitors may be dangerous.
At present, Fibre Optical Sensor has been widely used among the monitoring of engineering, compared with general sensor, it has following advantage: reliability is high, the life-span is long, can carry out long-term safety monitoring, remote undistorted transmission, be easy to realize distributed automatization on-line monitoring, the response time is fast, precision is high, highly sensitive, resolution is high, structure is simple, be easy to construction and lay.Fibre Optical Sensor is applicable to rugged surroundings, is widely used in the industries such as petrochemical complex, metallurgical electric power, colliery, building, traffic, geology.
But research Fibre Optical Sensor is used for laboratory experiment both at home and abroad at present, at present also less than the case of carrying out designing and Implementing for railway slope landslide monitoring and early warning.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of railway slope landslide collection based on distributing optical fiber sensing and early warning system, the deficiency existed in traditional measurement method can be overcome, and the monitoring realizing side slope that can be efficient and economic in practical engineering application.
Based on a railway slope landslide acquisition system for distributing optical fiber sensing, comprise LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and switch board;
Described switch board communicates with described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and is connected;
Described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent is made up of the Fibre Optical Sensor being embedded in side slope, and described Fibre Optical Sensor is embedded in the edge slope structure of railway side with M font;
Described switch board comprises the light path module that can produce pumping laser pulse, the circuit module controlled light path and sends the communication module of data to Control Room.
Described Fibre Optical Sensor is single-mode quartz optical fibers.
[single-mode quartz optical fibers can collect the STRESS VARIATION situation of any point.】
Described single-mode quartz optical fibers is embedded in 5-20cm place, below railway slope surface.
Described light path module comprises the laser beam emitting device, pulsed modulation device, fiber amplifier and the light sensing module that are connected successively.
[described laser beam emitting device, for generating the laser of single-frequency;
Described pulsed modulation device, for the modulation of laser pulse;
Described fiber amplifier, for the amplification to light signal;
Described smooth sensing module, for controlling sensing light path, and provides return path to scattered light, to carry out relevant detection;
Light sensing module can be measured the energy of brillouin scattering signal, and carries out Coherent processing, obtains the variable signal of Brillouin shift amount.】
[there is Brillouin scattering phenomenon in laser, when being subject to external factor, such as temperature, during the change such as stress, the frequency of Brillouin scattering can change dorsad, the variable quantity described in it and there is certain correlativity between temperature and stress in light.】
Described single-mode quartz optical fibers is connected with pulse laser emission device by optical circulator, and the other end of optical circulator is connected with light sensing module.
[described optical circulator is three port T-shaped optical circulators; ]
Propagating in a fiber when light wave is that most of light wave is directed forwards, owing to there is this unevenness in medium, light wave propagation can be made to change, and has sub-fraction energy can depart from original direction and comes to other direction disperses, light scattering that Here it is.Wherein Brillouin scattering is wherein a kind of main light scattering, and the size of the scattered light frequency displacement of Brillouin is subject to the impact of outside environmental elements.Facts have proved in engineering, when light signal is in 1550nm optical band, other optical bands of the loss ratio transmitted in a fiber are much smaller, and the distance therefore transmitted is longer, therefore select the operation wavelength of laser instrument in Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques near 1550nm.For normal single mode quartz optical fiber at normal temperatures, Brillouin's backscattering frequency shift amount and strain stress relation as follows:
v
B(ε,T
0)＝v
B(0,T
0)(1+4.48ε) (1)
Wherein, v
b(0, T
0) be T in temperature
0time, do not apply the Brillouin shift amount of stress, v
b(ε, T
0) for temperature be T
0time, stress is the Brillouin shift amount of ε, and ε is the size of stress.
The variable quantity of Brillouin shift is:
Δv
B(ε)＝4.48v
B(0,T
0)ε (2)
The situation of change of the stress of the surrounding of the point of optical fiber process just can be reflected, by the intrinsic characteristic of the situation of change determination side slope of stress by the variable quantity of Brillouin shift.
Described circuit module comprises:
Sequential control circuit, carries out the control of sequential to light path module, the pulsed frequency of adjustment pulsed light;
Analog to digital conversion circuit, sends to processor unit for the analog quantity of collection being converted to digital quantity;
Processor unit, for the reception to collection signal, process and to the storage of data with outwards send data.
Described communication module is wireless communication module.
A kind of railway slope landslide early warning system based on distributing optical fiber sensing, a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing described in utilization, the data of collection are sent to remote server, and according to the scattered light intensity stored in the server, measurement total length and the corresponding measuring position relation of Fibre Optical Sensor, the size of Brillouin shift amount and stress intensity relation, and stress intensity and slope and land slide situation, determine the integrality of image data and current slope and land slide situation, when slope and land slide situation exceedes setting threshold value, trigger warning module and carry out early warning,
Determined the length measured by the light intensity received, corresponding position can be determined by length, compared by the total length of maximum measuring position and optical fiber measurement and determine whether optical fiber ruptures;
The Brillouin shift amount obtained by the Fibre Optical Sensor being embedded in side slope is compared with the frequency shift amount of the optical fiber of reference, obtains the size of the offset variation of the frequency shift amount brought by STRESS VARIATION, thus determines the size of the stress of corresponding Fibre Optical Sensor present position;
Corresponding slope and land slide situation is determined by stress intensity.
Also comprise the remote terminal be connected with server, image data and warning data are sent to remote terminal by radio communication by described server.
Beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of railway slope landslide collection based on distributing optical fiber sensing and early warning system, described acquisition system comprises LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and switch board; Described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent is made up of the Fibre Optical Sensor being embedded in side slope, and described Fibre Optical Sensor is embedded in the edge slope structure of railway side with M font, and this method for embedding effectively exhaustively can monitor side slope situation comprehensively; Described switch board comprises the light path module that can produce pumping laser pulse, the circuit module controlled light path and sends the communication module of data to Control Room.This system utilizes implements monitoring in the distributed Fibre Optical Sensor buried underground to railway slope distortion; Utilize wireless communication module that the information of collection is real-time transmitted to switch board; This system effectively can forecast slope and land slide, and can according to the contingent slope and land slide of the trend of data, there is the various features such as stability is high, antijamming capability strong, long distance of signal transmission, for railway safe driving provides safety guarantee, it is the important supplement to existing railway disaster prevention safety monitoring system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of early warning system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that Fibre Optical Sensor lays schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is Signal transmissions schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is prealarming process schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the Brillouin shift of this system acquisition and the relation schematic diagram of space length;
Fig. 6 is the relation of stress corresponding to the data that collect in Fig. 5 and space length;
Fig. 7 is optical circulator connected mode figure;
Label declaration: 1-side slope, 2-Fibre Optical Sensor, 3-light path module, 4-circuit module, 5-signal emission module, 6-switch board, 7-signal receiving module, 8-server, 9-pulpit monitor, 10-expands computing machine, and 11-expands panel computer, 12-extended mobile phone.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing, comprises LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and switch board;
Described switch board 6 communicates with described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and is connected;
Described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent is made up of the Fibre Optical Sensor 2 being embedded in side slope 1, and described Fibre Optical Sensor is embedded in the edge slope structure of railway side with M font;
Described switch board comprises the light path module 3 that can produce pumping laser pulse, the circuit module 4 controlled light path and sends the signal emission module 5 of data to Control Room.
Described Fibre Optical Sensor is single-mode quartz optical fibers.
[single-mode quartz optical fibers can collect the STRESS VARIATION situation of any point.】
Described single-mode quartz optical fibers is embedded in 5-20cm place, below railway slope surface.
Described light path module comprises the laser beam emitting device, pulsed modulation device, fiber amplifier and the light sensing module that are connected successively.
[described laser beam emitting device, for generating the laser of single-frequency;
Described pulsed modulation device, for the modulation of laser pulse;
Described fiber amplifier, for the amplification to light signal;
Described smooth sensing module, for controlling sensing light path, and provides return path to scattered light, to carry out relevant detection;
Light sensing module can be measured the energy of brillouin scattering signal, and carries out Coherent processing, obtains the variable signal of Brillouin shift amount.】
[there is Brillouin scattering phenomenon in laser, when being subject to external factor, such as temperature, during the change such as stress, the frequency of Brillouin scattering can change dorsad, the variable quantity described in it and there is certain correlativity between temperature and stress in light.】
Described single-mode quartz optical fibers is connected with pulse laser emission device by optical circulator, and the other end of optical circulator is connected with light sensing module.
[described optical circulator is three port T-shaped optical circulators; ]
By the optical circulator of three ports, pulse laser emission device, sensor fibre and receiving trap are coupled together that (optical circulator that system uses is the "T"-shaped circulator of three ports, in order to easy, left side port is 1 port, right side port is 2 ports, and downside port is 3 ports).Can only according to the port order transport property of regulation according to the non-inequality characteristic of the multiport input and output of optical circulator and light signal, the optical signal transmission order of the circulator that system is selected is: port one → port 2 → port 3.In the present system, light signal inputs from port one, and namely pulse laser emission device is connected with port one, and sensor fibre is connected with port 2, and receiving trap is connected with port 3, as shown in Figure 7.
Propagating in a fiber when light wave is that most of light wave is directed forwards, owing to there is this unevenness in medium, light wave propagation can be made to change, and has sub-fraction energy can depart from original direction and comes to other direction disperses, light scattering that Here it is.Wherein Brillouin scattering is wherein a kind of main light scattering, and the size of the scattered light frequency displacement of Brillouin is subject to the impact of outside environmental elements.Facts have proved in engineering, when light signal is in 1550nm optical band, other optical bands of the loss ratio transmitted in a fiber are much smaller, and the distance therefore transmitted is longer, therefore select the operation wavelength of laser instrument in Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques near 1550nm.For normal single mode quartz optical fiber at normal temperatures, Brillouin's backscattering frequency shift amount and strain stress relation as follows:
v
B(ε,T
0)＝v
B(0,T
0)(1+4.48ε) (1)
Wherein, v
b(0, T
0) be T in temperature
0time, do not apply the Brillouin shift amount of stress, v
b(ε, T
0) for temperature be T
0time, stress is the Brillouin shift amount of ε, and ε is the size of stress.
The variable quantity of Brillouin shift is:
Δv
B(ε)＝4.48v
B(0,T
0)ε (2)
The situation of change of the stress of the surrounding of the point of optical fiber process just can be reflected, by the intrinsic characteristic of the situation of change determination side slope of stress by the variable quantity of Brillouin shift.
Described circuit module comprises:
Sequential control circuit, carries out the control of sequential to light path module, the pulsed frequency of adjustment pulsed light;
Analog to digital conversion circuit, sends to processor unit for the analog quantity of collection being converted to digital quantity;
Processor unit, for the reception to collection signal, process and to the storage of data with outwards send data.
Described communication module is wireless communication module.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of railway slope landslide early warning system based on distributing optical fiber sensing, a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing described in utilization, by the signal receiving module 7 of the pulpit that the data of collection are sent by on-the-spot signal emission module 5, can at pulpit watch-dog 9 real time inspection, and remote server 8 can be sent to, and according to the scattered light intensity stored in the server, measurement total length and the corresponding measuring position relation of Fibre Optical Sensor, the size of Brillouin shift amount and stress intensity relation, and stress intensity and slope and land slide situation, determine the integrality of image data and current slope and land slide situation, when slope and land slide situation exceedes setting threshold value, trigger warning module carry out early warning and by expansion computing machine 10, expansion panel computer 11, extended mobile phone 12 outwards sends early warning signal,
Determined the length measured by the light intensity received, corresponding position can be determined by length, compared by the total length of maximum measuring position and optical fiber measurement and determine whether optical fiber ruptures;
The Brillouin shift amount obtained by the Fibre Optical Sensor being embedded in side slope is compared with the frequency shift amount of the optical fiber of reference, obtains the size of the offset variation of the frequency shift amount brought by STRESS VARIATION, thus determines the size of the stress of corresponding Fibre Optical Sensor present position;
Corresponding slope and land slide situation is determined by stress intensity.
Also comprise the remote terminal be connected with server, image data and warning data are sent to remote terminal by radio communication by described server.
Because side slope produces the effect that landslide is subject to gravity, therefore change along side slope stress from top to bottom, optical fiber bury underground be from top to down or under and on bury underground, consider the continuity of Fibre Optical Sensor, optical fiber is buried underground in " M " shape, effectively can monitor the skid force that slope and land slide produces like this.What adopt in the present invention is single-ended measuring method, at one end of Fibre Optical Sensor input pumping pulsed laser signal, Brillouin scattering is dorsad monitored in same one end, therefore, one end of optical fiber is connected with circulator, and circulator is the device of multiport, and laser pulse can only along one direction annular delivery, the equidirectional effect with isolation, therefore can effectively detect Brillouin scattering dorsad.Because Brillouin shift amount is mainly subject to the impact of temperature and STRESS VARIATION, and its impact is separate, therefore, needs reserved one section of optical fiber in switch board, the datum quantity of temperature reference when being zero as stress.When being embedded in the optical fiber in side slope and being subject to the effect of stress, its Brillouin shift amount and datum quantity are made comparisons, when just can obtain affected by force, the size of the variable quantity of Brillouin shift.
Wherein, described laser pulse transmitter module comprises: laser beam emitting device, is mainly used in generating laser beam; Pulse modulation module, in the present invention, the light wave of input optical fibre is pumping pulse laser signal, and need laser beam modulation to become laser pulse signal, pump light pulse width is narrower, and the spatial resolution of system is higher; Signal amplifier, increases the power of pulse laser, can reach enough power, increase corresponding measurement range.
Wherein, light sensing module mainly controls sensing light path, for scattered light provides return path.Light sensing module comprises: sensor fibre, for the size of monitor strain; Optical circulator, connects laser pulse transmitter module, sensor fibre and scattered light return path; Fiber grating filter, because pulsed light experienced by multiple connector and amplifier in transmitting procedure, outside noise enters optical fiber, therefore only allows the wavelength of specific bandwidth to pass through by wave filter.
Wherein, light be concerned with detection module be by accept backscatter signals light and local oscillator produce local oscillations light after mixer action, light field will interfere, photodetector detects the light signal after interference, and the photocurrent of output exports with the form of baseband signal after treatment.
Wherein, control circuit module comprises: analog to digital conversion circuit, for the side slope analog signals of acquisition is converted to digital quantity signal, so that subsequent treatment; Field programmable logic controller (FPGA), is mainly used in preliminary signal transacting, and can store data; Circuit module can also control the sequential of light path and the control to light path devices simultaneously.
Be illustrated in figure 3 Signal transmissions schematic diagram.The data of collection in worksite are sent to by mobile GPRS network on the server of long-range data processing and analytic centre, and the DataCLG software on server is responsible for receiving the data gathered, and according to corresponding time sequencing by data in addition record.
Wherein, data acquisition software is corresponding data acquisition software, is the data acquisition software of GPRS/CDMA communication modes exploitation specially, runs on the server of data processing centre (DPC), carry out communication with the communication apparatus of monitoring field, can carry out the collection of data.
By railway slope information remote wireless transmitting system, the information of the Brillouin shift amount collected and position can be sent on the server of pulpit.Wherein, if certain section of sensor fibre obtained has occurred larger skew or continued for some time, so may there is crack or landslide in this place's side slope; If in continuous sampling process, the increase that the skew of the Brillouin shift amount of certain section of optical fiber continues, the so crack at this place displacement increase that may continue to increase or come down; If the collection signal of Fibre Optical Sensor is not comprehensive, lost the signal of one section of end, so may have occurred serious landslide in disappearance place of signal.This just needs to utilize the signal collected by the above-mentioned information acquisition system of railway slope information analysis, thus obtains corresponding conclusion.
As shown in Figure 4, concrete steps are as follows for prealarming process:
Step 1: check the integrality of data and carry out the noise reduction filtering process of signal.
When slope and land slide produces larger displacement amount time, fibercuts may be made, make the data that obtain imperfect, therefore first to judge data integrity, because the intensity of Brillouin scattering dorsad that accepts and its distance exist correlativity, corresponding distance is longer, and the Brillouin scattering light intensity received is lower.Like this, just can be determined the length measured by the light intensity received, corresponding positional information can be determined by length, as shown in table 1.
Wherein, the measurement total length of Fibre Optical Sensor prestores in the server, is compared determine whether optical fiber ruptures by the total length of maximum measuring position and optical fiber measurement.
Table 1
| Scattered light intensity | Corresponding measurement length | Corresponding measuring position |
| L1 | S1 | P1 |
| L2 | S2 | P2 |
| L3 | S3 | P3 |
| L4 | S4 | P4 |
| … | … | … |
The process of signal mainly processes the noise signal that may contain in collection, adopts general average value filtering method to carry out filtering process to signal.
Step 2: the relation determining the size of Brillouin shift amount and the size of stress.
According to above, Brillouin shift amount and stress and temperature have certain relation, in order to the change of the Brillouin shift amount that the change of compensation temperature brings, the advance reservation reference of one section of sensor fibre as temperature, the Brillouin shift amount obtained by the sensing light being embedded in side slope is compared with the frequency shift amount of the sensor fibre of reference, just can obtain the size of the offset variation of the frequency shift amount brought by STRESS VARIATION.The Brillouin shift amount of the sensor fibre of reference is here v
0, concrete reference table 2.
Table 2
| Brillouin shift amount | Corresponding side-play amount | Stress intensity |
| v 1 | Δv 1 | ε 1 |
| v 2 | Δv 2 | ε 2 |
| v 3 | Δv 3 | ε 3 |
| v 4 | Δv 4 | ε 4 |
| … | … | … |
By look-up table 2 described above or above-mentioned formula (2), the size of the stress of Fibre Optical Sensor present position corresponding to the Brillouin scattering frequency shift amount that obtains can be calculated.
Step 3: determine edge slope structure landslide situation and relevant serious conditions.
Wherein, corresponding relation between the size of stress and the situation of slope and land slide is that the result obtained is tested in room to fiber stress by experiment, by simulating relevant side slope and arranging Fibre Optical Sensor, the landslide then for different situations is tested, and obtains the stress situation of being correlated with.Concrete corresponding situation is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
| Stress intensity | Slope and land slide situation |
| ε 1 | Situation 1 |
| ε 2 | Situation 2 |
| ε 3 | Situation 3 |
| ε 4 | Situation 4 |
| … | … |
After server receives the data of collection in worksite, the data gathered are processed in real time according to above-mentioned step, and the railway slope situation obtained is stored.
Meanwhile, railway slope information processing and analytic system can also comprehensive historical data information, judge, set up forecast model, predict the place that may occur to come down data variation tendency.
In order to verify this systemic-function and reliability, lay optical fiber and relevant hardware devices in certain Along Railway side slope, Fig. 5 is the data at a time gathered, and these data have 5000 data points.Wherein, Fig. 5 display be the relation of Brillouin shift and space length, can find out that Brillouin shift obviously increases about 0.02 km, according to the computing formula v of Brillouin shift and stress
b(ε, T
0)=v
b(0, T
0) (1+4.48 ε) (wherein, ε is stress, v
b(0, T
0) for being T in temperature
0stress is the frequency shift amount of 0, v
b(ε, T
0) for temperature be T
0stress is the frequency shift amount of ε), the stress of Fig. 6 and the relation of space length can be obtained, can see that side slope exists landslide situation, near 0.02 km, there is landslide according to the concrete condition of relevant stress is known.Through on-the-spot checking and actual measurement, really there is slippage among a small circle in the side slope at 0.02 km place and loosen.
The present invention analyzes by carrying out deep research to Problems existing in the technological means of existing railway slope landslide very much, in conjunction with optical fiber sensing technology can at a distance, adapt to the technical advantage such as rugged surroundings, electromagnetism interference, development and the railway slope real-time landslide monitoring early warning system developed based on distributing optical fiber sensing, and propose the paving mode of sensor fibre, monitoring scheme and real time steps.
Claims (9)
1., based on a railway slope landslide acquisition system for distributing optical fiber sensing, it is characterized in that, comprise LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and switch board;
Described switch board communicates with described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent and is connected;
Described LINEAR CONTINUOUS monitoring data sequent is made up of the Fibre Optical Sensor being embedded in side slope, and described Fibre Optical Sensor is embedded in the edge slope structure of railway side with M font;
Described switch board comprises the light path module that can produce pumping laser pulse, the circuit module controlled light path and sends the communication module of data to Control Room.
2. a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Fibre Optical Sensor is single-mode quartz optical fibers.
3. a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described single-mode quartz optical fibers is embedded in 5-20cm place, below railway slope surface.
4. a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described light path module comprises the laser beam emitting device, pulsed modulation device, fiber amplifier and the light sensing module that are connected successively.
5. a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described single-mode quartz optical fibers is connected with pulse laser emission device by optical circulator, and the other end of optical circulator is connected with light sensing module.
6. a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described circuit module comprises:
Sequential control circuit, carries out the control of sequential to light path module, the pulsed frequency of adjustment pulsed light;
Analog to digital conversion circuit, sends to processor unit for the analog quantity of collection being converted to digital quantity;
Processor unit, for the reception to collection signal, process and to the storage of data with outwards send data.
7. a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described communication module is wireless communication module.
8. the railway slope landslide early warning system based on distributing optical fiber sensing, it is characterized in that, utilize a kind of railway slope landslide acquisition system based on distributing optical fiber sensing described in any one of claim 2-7, the data of collection are sent to remote server, and according to the scattered light intensity stored in the server, measurement total length and the corresponding measuring position relation of Fibre Optical Sensor, the size of Brillouin shift amount and stress intensity relation, and stress intensity and slope and land slide situation, determine the integrality of image data and current slope and land slide situation, when slope and land slide situation exceedes setting threshold value, trigger warning module and carry out early warning,
Determined the length measured by the light intensity received, corresponding position can be determined by length, compared by the total length of maximum measuring position and optical fiber measurement and determine whether optical fiber ruptures;
The Brillouin shift amount obtained by the Fibre Optical Sensor being embedded in side slope is compared with the frequency shift amount of the optical fiber of reference, obtains the size of the offset variation of the frequency shift amount brought by STRESS VARIATION, thus determines the size of the stress of corresponding Fibre Optical Sensor present position;
Corresponding slope and land slide situation is determined by stress intensity.
9. a kind of railway slope landslide early warning system based on distributing optical fiber sensing according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, also comprise the remote terminal be connected with server, image data and warning data are sent to remote terminal by radio communication by described server.
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