CN102589593A - Phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing system and method - Google Patents
Phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing system which has double light sources and a large dynamic range, and a phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing system method. The phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing system comprises a first light source and a second light source; the first light source and the second light source are controlled by a main control unit to emit continuous narrow-line wide lasers with the wavelengths of lambda1 and lambda2; and the first light source emits a low-power light beam and the second light source emits a high-power light beam. Two beams of the light are combined into one beam by a coupler; and the continuous light is modulated by an acoustic optical modulator to be emitted into a sensing optical fiber in a pulse state. The lights with different wavelengths in a returned Rayleigh scattering signal are filtered through a filtering sheet and are detected by two detectors, respectively. A signal collecting and processing part is used for processing and calculating detected signals. According to the phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing system and the phase sensitive type optical time domain reflection sensing method, a light signal detection difficulty in the large dynamic range can be better solved through detecting different distances by the light beams with different powers; and a detection distance of a distribution type optical fiber sensor is increased under the precondition of not increasing the processing time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensory field of optic fibre, relate to special phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system and the method that reaches great dynamic range.
Background technology
(Φ-OTDR) obtains disturbing signal through surveying the back to the variation of the interference signal of Rayleigh scattering light to phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflectometer, and incident is located through the echo time.It receives lasting concern and research abroad always; As far back as 1993, H.F.Taylor just proposed phase sensitive formula Φ-OTDR technology, through improving the interference effect of back to Rayleigh scattering light; The sensitivity that acquisition is higher than common OTDR is suitable for surveying faint disturbing signal.Up to 2005, people such as J.C.Juarez adopted Er-doped fiber to combine the F-P chamber to constitute fiber laser, and output laser linewidth is less than 3KHz, and the ground invasion situation that can on the optical fiber of 12km, detect the people also can be located, and is used for the perimeter alarm monitoring.
In recent years; Appearance along with ultra narrow-band light source technology; Make Φ-OTDR technology be able to continue development; Based on the Φ-OTDR technology of ultra narrow-band light source have detection sensitivity height, system signal handle simple, measuring speed is fast, accurate positioning, long, high, the low cost and other advantages of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measuring distance, therefore in safety protection technique, becomes a kind of competitive selection.
Because the distance sensing of Φ-OTDR system is relevant with the pulsed light power of injection fibre, the distance sensing that improve system will increase pulse power.But when distance sensing was long, the back of optical fiber had very big dynamic range to Rayleigh scattering signal, calculated with general single mode fiber loss 0.2dB/km, and when transmission range surpassed 100km, light intensity loss back and forth surpassed 40dB.This has just brought many difficulties for the research of the phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system of great dynamic range, the dynamic range that how to improve it with measure length, in some patent certain methods was proposed.For example pass through control light emitted different capacity pulsed light among the patent CN1330265A, survey the scattered signal that different distance goes out.Each pulse of this method can only be surveyed a segment distance, complete light path has been surveyed, and needs a plurality of pulses, has improved Measuring Time greatly, is operable to the less demanding occasion of real-time.The method that in patent CN101660944A and CN101603856A, has proposed a kind of timesharing reception improves the dynamic range of end of probe; Both, the scattered light in the recurrence interval received, again with the signal integration that receives with different detectors through being divided into the different time section.This mode needs very accurate design and strict control, also is not suitable for practical application.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system and method for great dynamic range, can realize that great dynamic range length is apart from light signal collection and measurement.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through following technical scheme:
Phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system comprises light source, sensor fibre; Said sensor-based system further comprises:
First light source, it is λ that said first light source is used for emission wavelength
1, power is P
1Light,
It is λ that secondary light source, said secondary light source are used for emission wavelength
2, λ
2≠ λ
1, power is P
2, P
2≠ P
1Light;
First coupling mechanism, said first coupling mechanism are used for said sensor fibre is advanced in the optically-coupled that said first light source and secondary light source send;
Second coupling mechanism, said coupling mechanism are used for the scattered light signal of sensor fibre is coupled into spectral module;
Spectral module, said spectral module are used for going out to correspond respectively to wavelength X from the separate optical signals that receives
2, λ
2The scattered light signal of incident light, and be sent to detector module;
Detector module, said detector module are used for converting the scattered light signal after separating into first signal, secondary signal, and are sent to signal processing module;
Signal processing module, said signal processing module are used to handle first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby know the perception information of said sensor fibre.
According to above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing system, preferably, said spectral module is grating or wave filter or prism.
According to above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing system, preferably, the light wavelength λ that said first light source sends
1Be 1310nm, the light wavelength λ that secondary light source sends
2Be 1550nm.
According to above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing system, preferably, said light source is a light-pulse generator.
According to above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing system, alternatively, said sensor-based system further comprises:
Photomodulator, said photomodulator are used for the continuous light that said light source sends is modulated to pulsed light;
Driver module, the output terminal of said driver module connects said photomodulator;
Said light source is a continuous light source.
The object of the invention also is achieved through following technical scheme:
Phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection method for sensing said method comprising the steps of:
(A1) the different incident pulse light of two of different capacity, different wave length bundles get in the sensor fibre of perception external information, and the scattered light of generation gets into coupling mechanism;
(A2) coupling mechanism is coupled into spectral module with said scattered light;
(A3) spectral module is isolated and is corresponded respectively to said different incident pulse scattering of light light signal, and converts first signal and secondary signal into by detector module;
(A4) signal processing module is handled first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby knows the perception information of said sensor fibre.
According to above-mentioned method, alternatively, said method further may further comprise the steps:
(B1) continuous light that sends of light source is modulated to pulsed light.
According to above-mentioned method, preferably, said light source is a narrow linewidth laser.
According to above-mentioned method, preferably, said different incident pulse light wavelengths are respectively: λ
1Be 1310nm, λ
2Be 1550nm.
According to above-mentioned method, alternatively, said method further may further comprise the steps:
(C1) judge module judges whether vibration and/or temperature that said signal processing module sends exceed threshold value, if surpass threshold value, then prompting is reported to the police.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts two light sources to combine, and solves the long range sensing difficult problem of HDR, and the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor development and production that reach more than hundred kilometers for detection range provide foundation and reference.
Description of drawings
With reference to accompanying drawing, disclosure of the present invention will be easier to understand.Those skilled in the art are understood that easily: these accompanying drawings only are used to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, and are not to be intended to protection scope of the present invention is constituted restriction.Among the figure:
Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram of the distributed optical fiber sensing system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the method for the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the basic block diagram of the distributed optical fiber sensing system of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the method for the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment:
Fig. 1-4 and following declarative description optional embodiment of the present invention how to implement with instruction those skilled in the art and reproduce the present invention.In order to instruct technical scheme of the present invention, simplified or omitted some conventional aspects.Those skilled in the art should understand that the modification or the replacement that are derived from these embodiments will be within the scope of the invention.Those skilled in the art should understand that following characteristics can make up to form a plurality of modification of the present invention in every way.Thus, the present invention is not limited to following optional embodiment, and is only limited claim and their equivalent.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 has schematically provided the basic block diagram of the phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 1, said sensor-based system comprises:
First light source and secondary light source are used to launch the pulsed light of different wave length, different capacity, and said light source can adopt laser instrument, like the pulse type semiconductor laser of narrow linewidth; Preferably, the outgoing wavelength X of first light source
1Be 1310nm, power is lower, about 10dBm, is used to survey the short distance signal; The outgoing wavelength X of secondary light source
2Be 1550nm, power is higher, surpasses 30dBm, is used to survey long distance signal;
First coupling mechanism, said first coupling mechanism are used for said sensor fibre is advanced in the optically-coupled that said first light source and secondary light source send;
Second coupling mechanism, said coupling mechanism are used for the Rayleigh scattering light signal of sensor fibre is coupled into spectral module; Preferably, in the present embodiment, first coupling mechanism and second coupling mechanism are merged into a coupling mechanism.
Spectral module, said spectral module are used for going out to correspond respectively to wavelength X from the separate optical signals that receives
2, λ
2The Rayleigh scattering light signal of incident light, and be sent to detector module; Preferably, said spectral module is grating or wave filter or prism, and present embodiment adopts two wave filters to realize beam split.
It is first signal, secondary signal that detector module, said detector module are used for the Rayleigh scattering light conversion of signals after separating, and is sent to signal processing module;
Signal processing module, said signal processing module are used to handle first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby know the perception information of said sensor fibre, like vibration, temperature.
Fig. 2 has schematically provided and utilized above-mentioned sensor-based system to carry out phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection method for sensing, and is as shown in Figure 2, said method comprising the steps of:
(A1) the different incident pulse light of two of different capacity, different wave length bundles get in the sensor fibre of perception external information, and the Rayleigh scattering light of generation gets into coupling mechanism;
(A2) coupling mechanism is coupled into spectral module with said Rayleigh scattering light;
(A3) spectral module is isolated the Rayleigh scattering light signal that corresponds respectively to said different incident pulse light, and converts first signal and secondary signal into by detector module;
(A4) signal processing module is handled first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby knows the perception information of said sensor fibre.
The benefit that reaches according to embodiment 1 is: power, the wavelength of first light source and secondary light source are different, and the method that this segmentation receives promptly can solve the too high problem of dynamic range in the long range sensing, also can not make Measuring Time slack-off.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 3 has schematically provided the basic block diagram of the phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 3, said sensor-based system comprises:
First light source and secondary light source are used to launch the continuous light of different wave length, different capacity, and said light source can adopt laser instrument, like the semiconductor laser of narrow linewidth; Preferably, the outgoing wavelength X of first light source
1Be 1310nm, power is lower, about 10dBm, is used to survey the short distance signal; The outgoing wavelength X of secondary light source
2Be 1550nm, power is higher, surpasses 30dBm, is used to survey long distance signal;
First coupling mechanism, said first coupling mechanism are used for photomodulator is advanced in the optically-coupled that said first light source and secondary light source send;
Photomodulator, photomodulator are used for continuous light is modulated into pulsed light, and are sent to second coupling mechanism; Alternatively, said photomodulator adopts acousto-optic modulator; In the present embodiment, the extinction ratio of photomodulator requires greater than 55dB;
Second coupling mechanism, said coupling mechanism are used for said pulsed light is coupled into sensor fibre, and the Rayleigh scattering light signal in the sensor fibre is coupled into spectral module;
Spectral module, said spectral module are used for going out to correspond respectively to wavelength X from the separate optical signals that receives
2, λ
2The Rayleigh scattering light signal of incident light, and be sent to detector module; Preferably, said spectral module is grating or wave filter or prism, and present embodiment adopts two wave filters to realize beam split.
Detector module, said detector module are used for converting the scattered light signal after separating into first signal, secondary signal, and are sent to signal processing module;
Signal processing module, said signal processing module are used to handle first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby know the perception information of said sensor fibre, like vibration, temperature;
Judge module, said judge module judge whether vibration and/or temperature that said signal processing module sends exceed threshold value; Said judge module can adopt circuit or software to realize, concrete implementation is the state of the art, repeats no more at this.
Alarm module, when the judged result of said judge module when being, said alarm module prompting is reported to the police, can employing sound, the pattern of light or electricity reports to the police.
Fig. 4 has schematically provided and utilized above-mentioned sensor-based system to carry out phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection method for sensing, and is as shown in Figure 4, said method comprising the steps of:
(B1) continuous light that sends of first light source and secondary light source is coupling in together, and is modulated to pulsed light;
(A1) the different incident pulse light of two of different capacity, different wave length bundles get in the sensor fibre of perception external information, and the Rayleigh scattering light of generation gets into coupling mechanism;
(A2) coupling mechanism is coupled into spectral module with said Rayleigh scattering light;
(A3) spectral module is isolated the Rayleigh scattering light signal that corresponds respectively to said different incident pulse light, and converts first signal and secondary signal into by detector module;
(A4) signal processing module is handled first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby knows the perception information of said sensor fibre;
(C1) judge module judges whether vibration and/or temperature that said signal processing module sends exceed threshold value, if surpass threshold value, then points out alarm module to report to the police.
The benefit that reaches according to embodiment 2 is: power, the wavelength of first light source and secondary light source are different, and the method that this segmentation receives promptly can solve the too high problem of dynamic range in the long range sensing, also can not make Measuring Time slack-off.
Claims (10)
1. a phase sensitive formula optical time domain reflection sensor-based system comprises light source, sensor fibre; It is characterized in that: said sensor-based system further comprises:
First light source, it is λ that said first light source is used for emission wavelength
1, power is P
1Light,
It is λ that secondary light source, said secondary light source are used for emission wavelength
2, λ
2≠ λ
1, power is P
2, P
2≠ P
1Light;
First coupling mechanism, said first coupling mechanism are used for said sensor fibre is advanced in the optically-coupled that said first light source and secondary light source send;
Second coupling mechanism, said coupling mechanism are used for the scattered light signal of sensor fibre is coupled into spectral module;
Spectral module, said spectral module are used for going out to correspond respectively to wavelength X from the separate optical signals that receives
2, λ
2The scattered light signal of incident light, and be sent to detector module;
Detector module, said detector module are used for converting the scattered light signal after separating into first signal, secondary signal, and are sent to signal processing module;
Signal processing module, said signal processing module are used to handle first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby know the perception information of said sensor fibre.
2. distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said spectral module is grating or wave filter or prism.
3. distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the light wavelength λ that said first light source sends
1Be 1310nm, the light wavelength λ that secondary light source sends
2Be 1550nm.
4. distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said light source is a light-pulse generator.
5. distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said sensor-based system further comprises:
Photomodulator, said photomodulator are used for the continuous light that said light source sends is modulated to pulsed light;
Driver module, the output terminal of said driver module connects said photomodulator;
Said light source is a continuous light source.
6. one kind is utilized distributed optical fiber sensing system to detect vibration and method of temperature simultaneously, said method comprising the steps of:
(A1) the different incident pulse light of two of different capacity, different wave length bundles get in the sensor fibre of perception external information, and the scattered light of generation gets into coupling mechanism;
(A2) coupling mechanism is coupled into spectral module with said scattered light;
(A3) spectral module is isolated and is corresponded respectively to said different incident pulse scattering of light light signal, and converts first signal and secondary signal into by detector module;
(A4) signal processing module is handled first signal and the secondary signal that receives, thereby knows the perception information of said sensor fibre.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said method further may further comprise the steps:
(B1) continuous light that sends of light source is modulated to pulsed light.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said light source is a narrow linewidth laser.
9. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said different incident pulse light wavelengths are respectively: λ
1Be 1310nm, λ
2Be 1550nm.
10. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said method further may further comprise the steps:
(C1) judge module judges whether vibration and/or temperature that said signal processing module sends exceed threshold value, if surpass threshold value, then prompting is reported to the police.
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| CN110793616A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-14 | 深圳第三代半导体研究院 | All-fiber distributed cable safety and reliability monitoring system |
| CN110986814A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-10 | 安捷光通科技成都有限公司 | Phase sensitive optical time domain reflection system with improved dynamic strain measurement range |
| CN111879436A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-03 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber Raman temperature demodulation device and method based on double-pulse modulation |
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