CN104380953A - Method for planting erigeron breviscapus in plastic greenhouse - Google Patents

Method for planting erigeron breviscapus in plastic greenhouse Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104380953A
CN104380953A CN201410570081.9A CN201410570081A CN104380953A CN 104380953 A CN104380953 A CN 104380953A CN 201410570081 A CN201410570081 A CN 201410570081A CN 104380953 A CN104380953 A CN 104380953A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
days
composite fertilizer
furrow
time
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CN201410570081.9A
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CN104380953B (en
Inventor
杨彭
李林玉
宋文宏
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MIDU COUNTY ZHONGLIAN CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES PLANTING FARMER PROFESSION COOPERATIVES
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MIDU COUNTY ZHONGLIAN CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES PLANTING FARMER PROFESSION COOPERATIVES
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Priority to CN201410570081.9A priority Critical patent/CN104380953B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0231Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting erigeron breviscapus in a plastic greenhouse, and belongs to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The method comprises the following steps: constructing the plastic greenhouse; applying a base fertilizer; bedding in the greenhouse; sowing; performing field management; harvesting; performing tending management, and the like. Specifically, during bedding of broken soil, nonwoven fabric is spread on a bed surface, the bed surface is covered with soil of 5 cm, erigeron breviscapus seeds are directly sown on the bed surface after the soil is sterilized, the bed surface is then covered by a layer of nonwoven fabric after the seeds are sown, the field management is performed after the erigeron breviscapus seeds emerge to form full stands, and water is sprayed once, a compound fertilizer is additionally applied twice, and disease and pest control and prevention are performed for four times every 4-5 days. After harvesting of the erigeron breviscapus, an agent is immediately sprayed for sterilization, later water is sprayed once, and the compound fertilizer is applied once every 3-4 days to promote reproduction of the erigeron breviscapus; the erigeron breviscapus can be harvested for 4-5 times after one-step planting, 550-600 kg of erigeron breviscapus medicinal material dry products are produced per unit area, the yield can be increased by 200-250 kg compared with seedling transplantation or low tunnel cultivation, and the production cost can be reduced by about 30-40 percent.

Description

A kind of method of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower
Technical field
The invention belongs to traditional Chinese medicine planting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of fleabane flower artificial cultivation technique, implantation methods is also being constantly brought forth new ideas.Establishing in large scale mainly contains two kinds of methods: one is seedling raising and transplanting, and another kind is Small plastic shed direct sowing culture.Seedling raising and transplanting seedling raise period reaches 70-80 days, length consuming time, and greatly, the output of cultivation and benefit are not as good as live height for nursery worker employed in a plant nursery amount and input cost.Small plastic shed direct sowing culture, though output is higher, because fleabane flower seedling stage and early growth are slow, weeds propagation and widespread is fast, and weeding worker employed in a plant nursery amount is very large, and Small plastic shed when building and opening and closing time operation loaded down with trivial details, be difficult to apply in large area is produced.
Summary of the invention
For prior art above shortcomings, the object of this invention is to provide and can gather in 4-5 time in an a kind of season, per mu yield fleabane flower medicinal material dry product more than 550 kilograms, effectively can control weed growth, be convenient to people's work, obviously can also reduce the method for the plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower of production and administration cost.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower, is characterized in that: the step comprising following order:
(1) build plastic tunnel: the long 20-50m of canopy, the wide 3-8m of canopy, canopy height 2.5-3m, canopy is circular arc, and the every 3m of canopy inner top installs 1 row's automatic irrigation facility;
(2) apply fertilizer to the subsoil: apply fertilizer to the subsoil in conjunction with whole before sowing, base fertilizer is made up of biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and the consumption of biological organic fertilizer is 1000kg/ mu, and the consumption of composite fertilizer is 10kg/ mu;
(3) open furrow in canopy: during bedding, non-woven fabrics is laid in furrow face, blinding 5cm on non-woven fabrics, then hack, leveling furrow face, furrow face width 1.5m, furrow furrow width 50cm, furrow ditch depth 30cm, then carry out soil disinfection with soil disinfectant, furrow face is live fleabane flower seed after leaving unused 7-10 days;
(4) sow: with 0.7g/m 2fleabane flower grain weight is evenly sowed, and covers layer of non-woven fabric again after finishing seed on furrow face, and sprinkling irrigation, until furrow face soil layer is fully moistening, after seedling all sprouts, throws off the non-woven fabrics covering furrow face when 5 leaf phase;
(5) field management: 1. sprinkling irrigation is watered, and sprays water 1 time every 4-5 days; 2. weeding, every weeding in 15 days 1 time, continuous weeding 2-3 time; 3. the extermination of disease and insect pest, every dispenser in 20-25 days 1 time, continuous diseases prevention 4 times; 4. topdress, fleabane flower seedling carries out first time and imposes composite fertilizer when growing to for 5 leaf phase, composite fertilizer's consumption is 5kg/ mu, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, and the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 1%, interval is carried out second time for 40 days and is imposed composite fertilizer subsequently, composite fertilizer's consumption is 10kg/ mu, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, and the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise at every turn, spray clear water immediately and wash away the fertilizer be attached on blade;
(6) gather in: planting a season can gather in 4-5 time, enter initial bloom stage and start first time harvesting, arrive fleabane flower leaf growth subsequently and again gather in during all standing furrow face;
(7) tending management after harvesting: the same day was executed carbendazim liquid prevention wound infection in harvesting, 7th day spray clear water after harvesting, subsequently every 3-4 days, spray clear water 1 time, gather in and impose 1 composite fertilizer in latter 15 days, composite fertilizer's consumption is 10kg/ mu, topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, during Jiao Shi, the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise, sprays clear water immediately and washes away the fertilizer be attached on blade.
The present invention opens in furrow in step (3) canopy, and described soil disinfectant is carbendazim.
The present invention is in step (4) sowing, and the method for described even sowing is mixed with fine earth by fleabane flower seed to repeat back and forth to broadcast sowing 3 times along furrow face afterwards.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has has:
1, be convenient to people and carry out various work and management in booth.Due to the plastic tunnel that employing canopy height is 2.5-3m, to 2m be exceeded than general Small plastic shed, people therefore can be facilitated to work in booth.
2, weed growth is few, and artificial weeding cost is low.Due to when bedding, non-woven fabrics is laid in furrow face, blinding 5cm on non-woven fabrics, then just live fleabane flower seed, after finishing seed, furrow face covers layer of non-woven fabric again.By adopting the mode of two-layer nonwoven, effectively control the growth of weeds, weeds amount only has 50% of general planting, and artificial weeding cost reduces 30-40% than general planting.
3, per mu yield of the present invention is enhanced, plant season harvesting 4-5 time, per mu yield fleabane flower medicinal material dry product more than 550-600 kilogram can be obtained, comparatively seedling raising and transplanting or Small plastic shed cultivation can increase production 200-250 kilogram, and medical material quanlity is good, scutellarin content reaches 2.6-2.7%, impurity content is below 2%, persticide residue and content of beary metal are all up to standard, reach professional standard WM2-2001 " medicinal plant and preparation the export green professional standard " requirement of The Ministry of the Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People's Republic of China, MOFTEC.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, but be not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
In by the end of April, 2012, in fleabane flower planting base, Mi Zhi town, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province Midu County, well-drained red soil plants 15 mu, booth specification is (length × wide × height=30m × 6m × 3m), and each frame establishes sprinkling irrigation 2, and biological organic fertilizer 1000kg/ mu+composite fertilizer 10kg/ mu used by base fertilizer, the biological organic fertilizer content of organic matter is 45%, NPK total content is 5%, the N:P:K=15:15:15 of composite fertilizer, the wide 1.5m of furrow, furrow furrow width 50cm, furrow ditch depth 30cm.During bedding, non-woven fabrics is laid in furrow face, blinding 5cm on non-woven fabrics, hack, leveling furrow face.Soil disinfection is carried out again with carbendazim.With 0.7g/m 2seeding quantity sowing, after finishing seed, furrow face covers layer of non-woven fabric again, sprinkling irrigation, until furrow face soil layer is fully moistening, after furrow face fleabane flower seed sprouting reaches full stand, enter field management.4 leaf after dates throw off the non-woven fabrics covering furrow face, 5 leaf phases, and first time topdresses, and topdressing amount is Mei Mu 5kg composite fertilizer, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, and the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 1%; 40 days, interval subsequently, carries out second time with 10kg composite fertilizer and topdresses, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise at every turn, spray clear water immediately and wash away the fertilizer be attached on blade, the N:P:K=15:15:15 of composite fertilizer when at every turn topdressing.Seedling stage, 500 times of liquid of Hymexazol-matulaxyl carried out prevention of damage by disease 4 times, 20 days each interval times.Within after planting 100 days, enter initial bloom stage to start first batch and gather, after planting 140 days second batch gather, after planting 225 days the 3rd batch gather, after planting 330 days the 4th batch gather, within after planting 375 days, last stubble is gathered.During harvesting fleabane flower medicinal material, seedling stubble 2 centimetres.Tending management will be carried out after harvesting, the same day was executed carbendazim liquid prevention wound infection in harvesting, and the 7th day spray clear water after harvesting, subsequently every 3 days, spray clear water 1 time, gather in and impose 1 composite fertilizer in latter 15 days, promote that the regeneration of fleabane flower is sent out again, composite fertilizer's consumption is 10kg/ mu, topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, during Jiao Shi, the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise, sprays clear water immediately and washes away the fertilizer be attached on blade.
The present embodiment every mu fleabane flower Dried product reaches 613.8 kilograms, and scutellarin content is 2.7%, and impurity content is 1.57%.Persticide residue and content of beary metal are all up to standard, reach professional standard WM2-2001 " medicinal plant and preparation the export green professional standard " requirement of The Ministry of the Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People's Republic of China, MOFTEC.
The present invention is in order to prevent soil-borne disease, and the live fleabane flower of plastic tunnel will carry out crop rotation, and after namely planting one batch of fleabane flower, other crops of second batch of plantation high benefit, as melon and fruit, vegetables etc., can plant fleabane flower again for the 3rd batch.
Plastic tunnel of the present invention also can be used for the nursery of fleabane flower.
Embodiment 2
In July, 2013, in fleabane flower planting base, Xin Jie town, Midu County, well-drained boccaro loam plants 9 mu, booth specification is (length × wide × height=30m × 3m × 2.5m), and each frame establishes sprinkling irrigation 1, and biological organic fertilizer 1000kg/ mu+composite fertilizer 10kg/ mu used by base fertilizer, the biological organic fertilizer content of organic matter is 45%, NPK total content is 5%, the N:P:K=15:15:15 of composite fertilizer, the wide 1.5m of furrow, furrow furrow width 50cm, dark 30cm.During bedding, non-woven fabrics is laid in furrow face, blinding 5cm on non-woven fabrics, hack, and soil disinfection is carried out with carbendazim again in leveling furrow face.With 0.7g/m 2seeding quantity sowing, after finishing seed, furrow face covers layer of non-woven fabric again, sprinkling irrigation, until furrow face soil layer is fully moistening.After furrow face fleabane flower seed sprouting reaches full stand, enter field management.4 leaf after dates throw off the non-woven fabrics covering furrow face.5 leaf phases, first time topdresses, and topdressing amount is Mei Mu 5kg composite fertilizer, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, and the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 1%; 40 days, interval subsequently, carries out second time with 10kg composite fertilizer and topdresses, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise at every turn, spray clear water immediately and wash away the fertilizer be attached on blade, the N:P:K=15:15:15 of composite fertilizer when at every turn topdressing.Seedling stage, 500 times of liquid of Hymexazol-matulaxyl carried out prevention of damage by disease 4 times, 25 days each interval times.Within after planting 100 days, enter initial bloom stage first batch to gather, after planting 160 days second batch gather, after planting 240 days the 3rd batch gather, after planting 280 days the 4th batch gather, within after planting 325 days, last stubble is gathered.All the other are with embodiment 1.
The present embodiment every mu fleabane flower Dried product reaches 562.5 kilograms, and scutellarin content is 2.6%, and impurity content is 1.69%.Persticide residue and content of beary metal are all up to standard.Reach professional standard WM2-2001 " medicinal plant and preparation the export green professional standard " requirement of The Ministry of the Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People's Republic of China, MOFTEC.
Plastic tunnel of the present invention also can be used for the nursery of fleabane flower.

Claims (3)

1. a method for plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower, is characterized in that: the step comprising following order:
(1) build plastic tunnel: the long 20-50m of canopy, the wide 3-8m of canopy, canopy height 2.5-3m, canopy is circular arc, and the every 3m of canopy inner top installs 1 row's automatic irrigation facility;
(2) apply fertilizer to the subsoil: apply fertilizer to the subsoil in conjunction with whole before sowing, base fertilizer is made up of biological organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and the consumption of biological organic fertilizer is 1000kg/ mu, and the consumption of composite fertilizer is 10kg/ mu;
(3) open furrow in canopy: during bedding, non-woven fabrics is laid in furrow face, blinding 5cm on non-woven fabrics, then hack, leveling furrow face, furrow face width 1.5m, furrow furrow width 50cm, furrow ditch depth 30cm, then carry out soil disinfection with soil disinfectant, furrow face is live fleabane flower seed after leaving unused 7-10 days;
(4) sow: with 0.7g/m 2fleabane flower grain weight is evenly sowed, and covers layer of non-woven fabric again after finishing seed on furrow face, and sprinkling irrigation, until furrow face soil layer is fully moistening, after seedling all sprouts, throws off the non-woven fabrics covering furrow face when 5 leaf phase;
(5) field management: 1. sprinkling irrigation is watered, and sprays water 1 time every 4-5 days; 2. weeding, every weeding in 15 days 1 time, continuous weeding 2-3 time; 3. the extermination of disease and insect pest, every dispenser in 20-25 days 1 time, continuous diseases prevention 4 times; 4. topdress, fleabane flower seedling carries out first time and imposes composite fertilizer when growing to for 5 leaf phase, composite fertilizer's consumption is 5kg/ mu, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, and the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 1%, interval is carried out second time for 40 days and is imposed composite fertilizer subsequently, composite fertilizer's consumption is 10kg/ mu, and topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, and the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise at every turn, spray clear water immediately and wash away the fertilizer be attached on blade;
(6) gather in: planting a season can gather in 4-5 time, enter initial bloom stage and start first time harvesting, arrive fleabane flower leaf growth subsequently and again gather in during all standing furrow face;
(7) tending management after harvesting: the same day was executed carbendazim liquid prevention wound infection in harvesting, 7th day spray clear water after harvesting, subsequently every 3-4 days, spray clear water 1 time, gather in and impose 1 composite fertilizer in latter 15 days, composite fertilizer's consumption is 10kg/ mu, topdressing method is executed for being watered to water, during Jiao Shi, the concentration of composite fertilizer's solution controls 3%, after watering fertilise, sprays clear water immediately and washes away the fertilizer be attached on blade.
2. the method for a kind of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: open in furrow in step (3) canopy, described soil disinfectant is carbendazim.
3. the method for a kind of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4) sowing, and the method for described even sowing is mixed with fine earth by fleabane flower seed to repeat back and forth to broadcast sowing 3 times along furrow face afterwards.
CN201410570081.9A 2014-10-23 2014-10-23 A kind of method of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower Expired - Fee Related CN104380953B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104823628A (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-08-12 昆明理工大学 Standardized planting method for Erigeron breviscapus
CN105075860A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-25 云南植物药业有限公司 Herba erigernotis tissue culture seedling cultivation method
CN106034654A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-10-26 扬州大学 Method for culturing cotton seedling in substrates through double layers of adhesive-bonded fabric

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104823628A (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-08-12 昆明理工大学 Standardized planting method for Erigeron breviscapus
CN105075860A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-25 云南植物药业有限公司 Herba erigernotis tissue culture seedling cultivation method
CN106034654A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-10-26 扬州大学 Method for culturing cotton seedling in substrates through double layers of adhesive-bonded fabric

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