CN104379322B - 内部修饰部分及具有装饰元件的内部修饰部分的生产方法 - Google Patents
内部修饰部分及具有装饰元件的内部修饰部分的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及汽车的内部修饰部分,其包括至少两层。装饰表皮(1)形成了上层,并具有凹处(3),装饰元件(8)安置在其中。装饰元件(8)通过胶结连接的方式连接到装饰表皮(1),例如,焊接缝,特别是超声波焊接缝(16)。本发明进一步涉及制造内部修饰部分的方法,以及实施所述方法的装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有装饰表皮的内部修饰部分,装饰表皮包括凹处,装饰布置被安排在其中,所述装饰元件通过超声波焊接连接到装饰表皮。本发明进一步涉及紧固装饰表皮凹处的装饰元件的方法。
背景技术
汽车的内部修饰部分通常包括彼此相连的几片。这些内部修饰部分的其中一个安装之后的连接位置应该在汽车内尽可能不被人觉察;因此应该用另一种方法覆盖或隐藏,以确保如此的内部修饰部分有令人愉悦的美感。通常地,这样的连接位置被安置在完成的装饰表皮的一侧的凹处,其远离观察者。这样的技术例如从DE102005034257A1中推断出。其缺点在于,凹处做窄要包括额外的加工工序,该工序增加复杂程度并还提高生产方法的成本。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于,提出一种内部修饰部分,通过该内部修饰部分,装饰表皮能够以尽可能简单但同时可靠且稳定的方式在美学上得到改进。本发明的目的还在于,提出一种生产这样的内部修饰部分的方法。
根据本发明,其目的通过根据本文所述的内部修饰部分以及本文所述的方法来实现。另外,实施所述方法的设备在本文中描述,进一步有利的改进在本文中描述。
根据本发明的汽车的内部修饰部分,其包括至少两层,其中上层是装饰表皮。装饰表皮包括凹处,装饰元件包含在其中。装饰元件通过材料配合连接件连接到装饰表皮,即,通过原子或分子力将连接部分保持在一起的连接。装饰元件例如可以通过胶接或焊接连接的方法连接到装饰表皮(特别是例如可沿着装饰元件延伸的焊缝)。例如,焊接连接可以被设计成超声波焊缝。
可以通过在装饰表皮内提供凹处,以可变的和美学上悦人的方式来使安装后面对乘客的装饰表皮的一侧变得时尚。在此,凹处应被理解为是所有的成形,由此形成装饰表皮的两个表面之间的高度差,因此,例如,凹槽或者阶梯成为装饰表皮的一部分。装饰表皮通过用装饰元件来覆盖纳入的凹处来增强,其中,例如,单纯地将装饰元件压入凹处通常不具有期望的稳定性,然而,通过可视侧不可见的黏合剂完成的装饰元件和装饰表皮之间的胶接,能不利地影响装饰表皮的外表的质量。相比之下,通过超声波焊接将装饰元件连接到装饰表皮的连接,保证两个元件之间的机械稳定连接,同样地,保证了安装后面向汽车内部的装饰表皮的一侧的外表的高质量。由此,超声波焊接适于可靠地连接不同材料到装饰表皮。除了比纯粘结连接提高了连接强度,装饰表皮颜色的长期稳定性也通过超声波焊接得以实现,因为无需担心黏合剂和装饰表皮之间的化学反应。同时,内部修饰部分的触觉特征可以通过两层结构来设置在一个宽泛的范围内。特别是,采用了软装表皮,尽管如此装饰元件仍可通过超声波焊接很好地固定在装饰表皮上。
典型地,提供中间层或载体作为底层,因此,位于装饰表皮之下。此由中间层能够包括泡沫层,纺织层和/或黏胶层。在特别优选的方法中,内部修饰部分由三层构成,其中,中间层安置在装饰表皮和载体之间,以合理的成本来确保载体和装饰表皮之间的可靠连接。底层仅仅用于设置内部修饰部分的触觉特征。
装饰表皮和/或装饰元件的硬度大于肖氏硬度-A并小于95肖氏硬度-A,更好的是大于60肖氏硬度-A并小于75肖氏硬度-A,特别好的是大于64肖氏硬度-A并小于70肖氏硬度-A。硬度最好至少为50肖氏硬度-A并最多为95肖氏硬度-A,以便装饰表皮和/或装饰元件不会太软也不会太硬。另外,装饰表皮和/装饰元件的弹性模量大于1MPa,更好的是大于2MPa,特别好的是大于3MPa并小于7MPa,温度在293K,例如室温,以及牵引速率为100mm/min。根据DIN EN ISO 527-3作为测试标准来确定弹性模量。因此,装饰表皮和/或装饰元件更好地用弹性的方式设计,因此在宽度范围内可延长和可弯曲。然而,也可以想象,不用弹性的方式设计装饰表皮和/或装饰元件,而是用坚硬的方式。装饰表皮和/或装饰元件的硬度特别好的是大于底层的硬度。
更好的是,超声波焊缝仅仅在装饰表皮的凹处的底部上延伸。本文件中装饰表皮凹处的底部独立于凹处的形状,可以理解为凹处的区域,其在安装后离面向汽车内部的可视侧的距离最远。通过这种方式,一方面,可确定装饰元件和装置表皮之间的可靠连接,另一方面,不需要将装饰表皮的不必要的材料量焊接到装饰元件。装饰表皮和/或装饰元件可以是热塑材料,例如聚氯乙烯(PVC),热塑性聚氨酯(TPU),热塑性烯烃(TPO)或者热塑性弹性体或者至少包括热塑性材料。热塑性材料易于处理和生产,同时易于应用到超声波焊接上。
在一个实施例中,汽车的内部修饰部分的装饰表皮通过搪塑工艺生产,因而是搪塑表皮,并包括凹处。也可使用深拉的装饰表皮代替搪塑表皮。本文件中的搪塑工艺可以理解为如下的所有生产方法,运用这种工艺,原始材料被放入模具中,模具关闭并加热,通过旋转模具的方式,原始材料均匀地分散在搪塑模具壁上。因此,通过冷却模具,搪塑表皮通过连续旋转模具形成,打开后,该搪塑表皮能够简单地从模具上移除。特别是,旋转烧结被理解为是搪塑工艺。使用搪塑表皮作为装饰表皮具有这样的优点:使用装饰表皮的一个实施例,其对内部修饰部分是普通的,其具有的特征或性能可以在广泛领域内设置,例如,具有不同的硬度,同时允许装饰元件通过超声波焊缝可靠地保持在凹处的正视位置。该搪塑表皮通常不具有均匀厚度,这是在生产中固有的,这使得与其他元件的连接更困难。因此,更好的是,超声波焊缝仅仅部分的凹处上延伸,因此超声波焊接可仅在这些分段出实现。
在有利的进一步发展中,装饰元件是带状,胶带状,一圈绳子或突出部分。装置元件因此较佳地具有这样的尺寸,装饰元件的长度大于其宽度或直径。特别地,装饰元件的长度比宽度大五倍,十倍,二十倍或五十倍。由此,装饰元件的横截面能够呈现不同的形状,例如,圆形,椭圆,矩形或正方形。然而,装饰元件的横截面也可以是不对称形状。每种情况下装饰元件的宽度和深度最好在1mm和15mm之间,凹处越宽,则超声波焊接越能够实现。
装饰元件更好地还可从连续材料中形成。特别地,装饰元件能够完全由无腔材料形成,即,可以想象装饰元件不含有泡沫材料。例如,装饰元件能够包含塑料。
在横截面中可见的凹处可同样具有不同的形状,例如,半圆形,矩形或尖端式的锥形。然而,横截面中的凹处还能够被设计成非对称形式,例如,具有至少一个阶梯的阶梯形式。在通过超声波焊接实现装饰表皮和装饰元件之间的最后连接之前,不同形状的装饰元件首先能够通过这个方式可靠地安置在凹处。
凹处更好地延伸在5mm和1.5m之间的长度上,特别好的是在10mm和1m之间。这确保待要被覆盖的更长的线也能可靠地被装饰元件覆盖。在特别优选的方法中,纵截面中的凹处是拉长的,更好的是线性的。这允许连接位置被可靠地覆盖,连接位置通常来说同样也是拉长的。然而,一道凹处也能够仅仅至少在区域内饰线性的或弓形的。
可以想象,装饰表皮的两部分的连接位置存在于凹处中,并且被装饰元件覆盖。形成装饰表皮的两个部分之间的美学上令人愉悦的衔接通过这种方式形成,没有连接位置仍然从可视侧可见。装饰表皮的两个部分通过连接位置互相连接,更好地,每个具有至少一个不同的特征。这些不同特征或性能可以是不同的颜色,压花,厚度,凹痕,弹性模量,硬度,触觉特征或类似的特征。因此,装饰表皮能够具有最不同的特征,外观和美学视觉和触觉没有受到连接位置的消极影响。
生产汽车的包括至少两层的内部修饰部分的方法包括几个步骤。在第一步骤,将装饰元件放入装饰表皮的凹处,其中,装饰表皮形成内部修饰部分的上层。在进一步的步骤中,迄今还没有连接到装饰表皮的装饰元件通过超声波焊接的方式被紧固在装饰表皮的凹处。最后,被用作内部修饰部分上层的底层被紧固在装饰表皮的远离装饰元件的一侧上,因此,该侧远离可视侧。装饰表皮和装饰元件之间的安全连接能够通过该方法实现,并制造出具有几层和由装饰元件更新的表面的内部修饰部分,通过所述的几层可设置触觉特征。
一个有利的进一步的发展想象将装饰表皮的凹处的底部连接到装饰元件。因此,可相应短暂地实现超声波输入并带有最少的能量,因此,需要最少的成本,因为没有装饰表皮的壁要被焊接。同时,仅仅在凹槽底部的连接允许一些凹处中装饰元件位置的修正。
另外,可以想象超声波焊接从装饰表皮的后侧实现。此处,装饰表皮的后侧可以理解为装饰表皮在安装后远离面对汽车内部的可视侧的一侧。因此,在可视侧无论如何也没有机械加工或处理的痕迹,因为凹处远离可视侧。此外,超声波焊接借此大大得以简化,因为焊接装置能够直接通向要求的能量输入位置。
超声波焊接典型地以一定的超声波频率来实现,该频率在20kHz和70kHz之间,特别好的在25kHz和40kHz之间,并且超声功率在400W和4kW之间,更好的为1kW,以便在装饰元件和装饰表皮之间设置可靠的连接。在特别优选的方式中,装饰元件的截面的宽度在10mm和20mm之间,更好地为15mm,其在典型的时间周期中受到超声波的辐射,其最大为凹处每厘米为1s。
特别优选的是,通过所描述的方法,为生产上述装饰表皮,制造具有之前描述的特征的装饰表皮。仅关于方法所公开的特征,或仅具有关于装饰表皮的描述的特征,相应地也应被看作在装饰表皮或方法的文本中公开。
实现上述方法的装置包括模具,其具有抽吸通道,并具有表面。当实现该方法时,装饰表皮能通过抽吸(吸入)固定在该表面上。然而,表面包括中空体,在吸入时,装饰元件可依附其中。当通过模具的中空体的方式时,装饰元件保持在装饰表皮的界定位置,并且装饰表皮通过吸入固定。因此,很难通过超声波焊接处理的弹性并柔软的装饰表皮,由于不均匀厚度也能够被可靠地加工。另外,规则结构很难在这样的装饰表皮上形成,但是其也能够通过吸入的方式在硬度低的装饰表皮上实现,更好的是真空吸入。较佳地,凹处放置在中空体上,以便使装饰元件安置在凹处。
中空体具有这样的形状,其相当于装饰元件的部分的模具的相反形状,模具突出超过装饰表皮并具有完成的修饰部分。例如,中空体然后可具有半圆的横截面。吸入的装饰元件然后安置在中空体的底部,几乎在整个表面上,其中,装饰元件只是不安置在由于抽吸通道的开口而使中空体的底部中断的位置。
在可选的变体中,中空体的形状是对应于装饰元件的部分的模具的相反形状,模具突出超过装饰表皮并具有完成的修饰部分,仅仅在外部区域。相反地,在中间区域,中空体设计成让腔体保持在装饰元件和中空体的底部之间,中空体将装饰元件收纳其中。该腔体形成真空空间,同时真空存在于抽吸通道中,该腔体通过装饰元件界定在面对装饰表皮的一侧上,并确保真空在装饰元件的表面相当大的区域上均匀地作用在装饰元件上,因此以特别稳定的方式将其固定。
特别地,腔体能是凹槽的形式,其在相当于装饰元件纵向方向的方向上延伸,使装饰元件安装在中空体中。例如,凹槽能包括矩形截面。真空通道在可延伸出凹槽的底部。
附图说明
本发明的实施例在附图中呈现,并在下文中结合图1至8来进行阐述。
其中:
图1是装饰表皮和凹处的横截面,在超声波焊接前,装饰元件已被安置在其中。
图2是对应于图1的装饰表皮的视图,在超声波焊接之后。
图3是图2中的装饰表皮,装饰元件固定在凹处,所述凹处是内部修饰部分的构成。
图4是对应于图1的装饰表皮的进一步实施例的视图,具有凹处变化的几何形状,以及装饰元件的横截面是圆形的。
图5是对应于图1的装饰表皮的实施例的视图,其中凹陷是非对称的。
图6是根据图1的实施例的视图,其中装饰元件紧固在作为凹处的阶梯上。
图7是图4中的装饰表皮,其为了超声波焊接安置在模具中。以及
图8a到f是超声波焊接图4中装饰表皮的模具的进一步实施例,装饰元件同样显示在图4中,在将装饰元件紧固到装饰表皮的方法的不同时间点。
具体实施方式
装饰表皮1在图1的截面中所示。装饰表皮是作为热塑材料的聚氯乙烯(PVC)的搪塑表皮。装饰表皮1通过搪塑方法生产,利用该方法将类似粉末的塑料放入搪塑模具内,通过加热和旋转搪塑模具的效果,模制成装饰表皮1。装饰表皮1是弹性并在很大范围内可延长和弯曲。装饰表皮1的硬度是68肖氏硬度A,其弹性模量是4MPa。然而,在进一步的实施例中,装饰表皮1能够用坚硬的方式形成,因此其硬度可大于68肖氏硬度A。
装饰表皮1由第一部分2和第二部分4构成,在图1中,第一部分2安置在凹处3的左边上,第二部分4在图1中凹处3的右边。可选的是,装饰表皮1还能被设计成单一零件形式。在装饰表皮1生产时,凹处3已经被纳入,并在20cm的长度上具有线性的路线,同时底部5形成了凹处3的最低点。因此,凹处3包括底部5以及左侧壁6和右侧壁7,它们垂直于底部5布置,其中,左侧壁6连接到装饰表皮1的第一部分2,右侧壁7连接到装饰表皮1的第二部分4。左侧壁6和右侧壁7之间的距离以及底部5的宽度为2mm,底部5距离装饰表皮1的可视侧15为3mm,装饰表皮1的可视侧15在安装后面向汽车乘坐者,并且该距离相当于凹处3的深度。因此凹处3是和凹槽一样的。第一部分2和第二部分4在每种情况具有不同的颜色和凹痕,但是在其他情况下彼此相同。
装饰带8作为热塑材料PVC制成的装饰元件并入凹处3,但是还没有放置到底部5中。装饰带8具有矩形横截面,并且其尺寸允许装饰带8以齐平的方式与凹处3成为一体。一旦装饰带8放置到底部5中便以齐平的方式与装饰表面1的上侧成为一体。装饰带8的长度为20cm,其大于装饰带8横截面的尺寸,因此也大于底部5的宽度和凹处3的深度。
发出频率为35kHz和1kW功率的超声波发生器9从装饰表皮1的一侧导向凹处3,在1秒时间上,装饰表皮1的一侧远离装饰带8(也可称为后侧14)。超声波发生器9在其尖端为15mm宽,仅仅产生输入到装饰表皮1个别位置的本地超声波。装饰带8通过产生在凹处3的底部5上的超声波焊接到底部5,因为热塑材料通过这种方法被加热并变软,最后装饰带8与底部5融为一体。替代地或附加地,装饰带8也能够焊接到左侧壁6和/或右侧壁7上。
与图1相一致的剖面图2示出了在超声波焊接发生后的装饰表皮1。该图中以及往后图中的循环特征具有同样的参考编号。凹处3的底部5现固定地连接到装饰带8。底部5及装饰带8已经由于超声波焊接改变了其形状,因此,同时形成装饰带8的下侧的底部5是圆形的,并包括超声波焊缝16。超声波焊缝16连接凹处3的底部5,因此装饰表皮1连接到装饰带8。左侧壁6和右侧壁7不具有超声波焊缝16。
包括图2所示的在可视侧15作为最上层的装饰表皮1的内部修饰部分在图3中示出,图3的视角与图1和图2一致。内部修饰部分可以是车辆的仪表盘,但在其他实施例中内部修饰部分也可以是内部使用的扶手或者其他部件。连接到装饰表皮1的中间层13安置在装饰表皮1之下,并设计为触觉层,即,可压缩并给予内部修饰部分有弹性触觉的层。中间层13包括聚氨酯泡沫塑料的泡沫层。然而在进一步的实施例中,中间层13还能包括纺织品层,例如,可以设计为垫片织物。可选地,中间层13也可以是黏胶层。没有密封带将泡沫出口靠在可视侧15上是必要的,因为装饰表皮1不具有孔或开口,但是闭合表面,也在超声波焊缝16区域内。
中间层13安置在装饰表皮1和载体10之间,因此载体10没有部分接触到装饰表皮。载体10是聚丙烯制成,其硬度大于装饰表皮1的硬度,并大于中间层13的硬度。载体10的弹性模量同样大于装饰表皮1的弹性模量。中间层13能够通过附加黏胶层连接到装饰表皮1和载体10。
对应于图1的截面图4示出了装饰表皮1的进一步的实施例。装饰表皮1依次由第一部分2和第二部分4构成,这些部分通过作为连接位置的连接缝12彼此连接。第一部分2和第二部分4在生产时已经被染上不同的颜色。凹处3同样已经在生产时并入装饰表皮2。然而,然而,凹处3不是图1中的实施例中的矩形,而是弧形的,更好的是半圆的形式。凹处3在15m长度上弓形地延伸。因此,凹处3的底部5是弓形凹处3离装饰表皮1的可视侧15最远距离的点。连接缝12中心地位于凹处3的底部5上。该连接缝12可以是超声波焊缝。然而,第一部分2和第二部分4通过连接缝12的连接也可以通过纱线或黏合剂实现。
热塑材料PVC的装饰带11纳入凹处3中,并具有圆形横截面,其由热塑材料构成。装饰带11的横截面可选地也可具有椭圆表面或非对称表面。装饰带11的直径是8mm,并且突出超过凹处3,然而,在进一步的实施例中,直径也可这样选择,使得装饰带11没有部分突出超过凹处3。装饰带11的长度与凹处3的长度相一致。超声波发生器9从装饰表皮1的后侧14导向凹处3,装饰表皮1的后侧14远离可视侧15,并通过超声波输入将装饰带11焊接到装饰表皮1的底部5。因此,连接缝12被装饰带11覆盖,隐藏在其下,从可视侧15不可见。
视角对应于图1的图5示出了装饰表皮1的进一步实施例,其中凹处3是非对称的。图5所示的装饰表皮1与图4所示的装饰表皮1相对应,但是左侧壁6比右侧壁7更长。因此,凹处3具有不对称横截面。将装饰表皮1连接到装饰带11的超声波焊缝16安置在凹处3的底部5上。
在同样显示在图6横截面图中的实施例中,凹处3是装饰表皮1的阶梯。由此,第一部分2与第二部分4的高度不同。两个部分2,4通过阶梯彼此连接。装饰带1通过超声波焊缝16连接到底部5和左侧壁6上。底部5无角度地纳入第二部分4。第二部分4相对于左侧壁6呈90°角倾斜,所述左侧壁依次与第一部分形成直角。
图4中所示的装饰表皮1安置在模具17中,模具17具有抽吸通道18,如图7所示。为此,模具17具有表面19,装饰表皮1从可视侧15在表面19上。装饰表皮1被吸到模具17上,并通过抽吸通道18以空间固定的方式定位,抽吸通道18均匀分布在模具17上。模具17还包括中空体20,装饰带11插入其中。抽吸通道18之一以空间固定的方式同样将装饰带11定位在该中空体20中。凹处3位于中空体20之上。因此,装饰带11被中空体20和凹处3包围。由于装饰表皮1和装饰带11静止地固定定位,超声波焊接从后侧14实现。最后,为生产内部修饰部分,诸如中间层13和/或载体10的下层紧固到装饰表皮1上。
仅在实施例中公开的不同实施例的特征能够彼此组合并单独地要求。
生产汽车内部修饰部分的方法的一个实施例通过图8a-f来进行阐述。
图8a中所示的模具17’与图7中的模具17不同之处在于,在图8a中,中空体20的底部有凹槽21。延伸出凹槽21之外的抽吸通道18a能够独立于延伸出槽21外的抽吸通道18b经受真空。为此,抽吸通道18b包括提供真空的连接22,所述连接被设计成与抽吸通道18a的真空供给连接分开。
图8b示出了该方法的后一时刻。在此期间,装饰带11被安置在中空体20中,通过在抽吸通道18b中提供的真空来实施固定(可以想象仅仅单个抽吸通道18b)。这时,抽吸通道18a中还不是真空。装饰带11和模具17’之间的凹槽21形成了真空空间,其通过装饰带11关闭。
随后,装饰表皮1被安置在模具17’中,因此,装饰表皮1覆盖装饰带11。此时,装饰表皮1现通过真空17’经由抽吸通道18a被吸入模具17’。模具17’在该方法步骤后的情况在图8c中示出。
随后,焊缝被合并。这可以通过例如超声波焊接来实现。被安置在模具17’中的修饰部分在与焊缝16融为一体后在图8d中示出。也可以提供胶结连接来代替焊缝17。在放到模具17’上之前已经具有黏合剂的装饰带可以用于此。
在进一步的方法步骤中,装饰表皮1背面是泡沫,具有泡沫层23。在制造了泡沫层23后的带有修饰部分的模具在图8a中示出。
在图8f中示出完成的修饰部分从模具17’中移出。
Claims (16)
1.汽车的内部修饰部分,包括至少两层,其中,上层是弹性的装饰表皮(1),其特征在于,装饰元件(8,11)安置在所述装饰表皮(1)的凹处(3),并且通过材料匹配连接件连接到所述装饰表皮(1),所述材料匹配连接件是超声波焊缝(16),其中所述装饰表皮(1)是搪塑表皮,其中所述凹处(3)的横截面类似阶梯形,并且所述超声波焊缝(16)在底部(5)以及所述装饰表皮(1)的所述凹处(3)的侧壁上延伸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述装饰元件(8,11)由连续的无腔材料形成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,设置在所述装饰表皮(1)之下的层是中间层(13)或是载体(10),所述中间层(13)包括泡沫层,纺织品层和/或黏胶层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)和/或所述装饰元件(8,11)的硬度大于50肖氏硬度A并小于95肖氏硬度A。
5.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)和/或所述装饰元件(8,11)的弹性模量大于1MPa。
6.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)和/或所述装饰元件(8,11)是热塑材料组成或包括热塑材料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述装饰元件(8,11)是带状(8),胶带状(11)或突出部分。
8.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)的两个部分(2,4)的连接位置(12)位于所述凹处(3)内,并由所述装饰元件(8,11)覆盖,其中,所述装饰表皮的所述两部分(2,4)更好地彼此具有不同的特征。
9.根据权利要求1所述的内部修饰部分,其特征在于,所述凹处(3)的纵截面是拉长的。
10.汽车的内部修饰部分的生产方法,所述内部修饰部分包括两层,包括以下步骤:
a)将装饰元件(8,11)并入弹性的装饰表皮(1)的凹处(3),其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)形成了所述内部修饰部分的上层并且是搪塑表皮,并且所述凹处(3)的横截面类似阶梯形;
b)通过材料匹配连接件的方式,将所述装饰元件(8,11)紧固到所述装饰表皮(1)的所述凹处(3)中,其中超声波焊缝(16)在底部(5)以及所述装饰表皮(1)的所述凹处(3)的侧壁上延伸;以及
c)将下层紧固在所述装饰表皮(1)的一侧上,其远离所述装饰元件(8,11)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)的所述凹处(3)的唯一底部(5)连接到所述装饰元件(8,11)。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,其特征在于,所述超声波焊接从所述装饰表皮(1)的后侧(14)处实现。
13.实施根据权利要求10至12所述方法的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括超声波发生器和模具,所述模具具有抽吸通道(18)和表面,其中,所述弹性的装饰表皮在实施所述方式时,通过抽吸的方式固定在所述表面上,并且所述表面包括中空体,所述装饰元件(8,11)在抽吸时能够依附到所述中空体中。
14.根据权利要求13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述抽吸通道(18)中的至少一个在凹槽(21)中延伸出,该槽(21)纳入所述中空体的底部。
15.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在材料匹配连接件产生之前,所述装饰元件(8,11)和所述装饰表皮(1)被安置在根据权利要求13或14所述的装置上,并且通过在所述抽吸通道(18)中产生真空的方式固定。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述装饰表皮(1)和所述装饰元件(8,11)被安置在根据权利要求15所述的装置上,并且所述凹槽(21)形成真空空间,同时真空存在于所述抽吸通道(18)内,所述真空空间在其面对所述装饰表皮(1)的一侧上由所述装饰元件(8,11)限定。
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