CN104365357A

CN104365357A - Chrysanthemum high-yield cultivation technology

Info

Publication number: CN104365357A
Application number: CN201410657143.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任庭周
Original assignee: ANSHUN CITY XIXIU DISTRICT YULIN PLANTING AND BREEDING FAMER SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVES
Current assignee: ANSHUN CITY XIXIU DISTRICT YULIN PLANTING AND BREEDING FAMER SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVES
Priority date: 2014-11-17
Filing date: 2014-11-17
Publication date: 2015-02-25

Abstract

The invention provides a chrysanthemum high-yield cultivation technology. By means of the scheme, the aims of the technology are achieved through the first step of selection and preparation of land, the second step of reproduction, the third step of field management and the fourth step of harvesting and seed reserving. The technology is simple in method, and planted chrysanthemum is high in yield, conforms to the national green traditional Chinese medicine standard and can greatly meet the requirements of the traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing industry.

Description

A kind of chrysanthemum high-yield culture technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale planting and management method of traditional Chinese medicine, particularly relate to a kind of chrysanthemum high-yield culture technique.

Background technology

Chrysanthemum is short-day plant, can early flowering under short-day.Happiness sunlight, avoids concealment, more resistance to morning, is afraid of flood.Happiness warm and moist weather, but also can resist cold, severe winter rhizome can be survived the winter in underground.Flower can stand micro-frost, but growth of seedling and branch pregnant flower bud phase need higher temperature.Optimum growth temperature is about 20 DEG C.

The adaptability of chrysanthemum is very strong, likes cool, more cold-resistant, and growth thermophilic 18-21 DEG C, the highest 32 DEG C, minimum 10 DEG C, the low temperature resistant limit of underground rhizome is generally one 10 DEG C.Minimum night at florescence temperature 17 DEG C, flowering stage (in, rear) can be down to 15-13 DEG C.Like sufficient sunlight, but also slightly resistance to the moon.More resistance to dry, avoid long-pending flood most.Happiness physical features is high and dry, soil layer is deep, be rich in humus, light fertile and well-drained sandy loam.All can grow in the soil of subacidity to neutrality, and better with PH6.2-6.7.Avoid continuous cropping.Qiu Juwei day at long night plant, under the long-day of 14.5 hours every days, carry out cauline leaf nourish and grow, the dark of more than 12 hours every day and the Wen Ze at night of 100 degrees Celsius are suitable for flower bud development.But the reaction of the different counterglow of kind is also different.　

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention provides a kind of chrysanthemum high-yield culture technique for above-mentioned situation exactly, and object of the present invention realizes by following scheme:

(1). selection of land wholely: to select fertile sandy loam as well.Before sowing or before transplanting, use sufficient base manure, meticulously make wide 1.2--1.5m wholely, the furrow of high about 20--30cm.

(2). propagation method: chrysanthemum can use seminal propagation, division propagation and cottage propagation.With cottage propagation as well, its method is: in 5--6 month, chooses the tender tip being about 5--6cm, plucks stem 2--3 leaf, and tender tip cottage in seedbed, the degree of depth is 1/2 of tender tip length.Keep ground moistening after inserting, and shade with sunshade net, survive about two weeks.Plantation density is 30cm--30cm.

(3). field management: first will use sufficient base manure.Execute decomposed manure about 2500kg for every 667 square metres.During field planting, combination is watered normal root water and is executed once thin dung polluted water, and every 667 square metres of about 1500kg, in order to surviving.Often gathering once to combine to water topdresses once, and every 667 square metres impose dung polluted water about the 2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed at every turn.If implementation perennial cultivation, after portion's cauline leaf dries up completely on the ground, prescind stem stalk before frost, heavy dressing once crosses winter top dressing, ridging about 5cm, is conducive to safe overwintering and sprouting in early spring.Next carries out intertill and clean tillage, should also be noted that the extermination of disease and insect pest, and chrysanthemum seldom damage by disease and insect occurs, and perennial chrysanthemum mainly should be prevented eliminating aphis, and its method regularly carries out blade face water spray.

(4). gather and reserve seed for planting: Protectorate cultivation can be gathered in March ahead of time, outdoor cropping generally starts to gather in 4--5 month.Sheng of the gathering phase is 5--8 month, gathers 1 time, bloom until 10--11 month buddings every two weeks.Number of times of gathering is more, and branch is more vigorous, and diligent harvesting also can avoid aphid damage.Harvesting standard is tender with the stem tip, namely breaks as degree with record book in accordion form, is bundled into wisp listing.Every 667 square metres of contiguous plant once can gather in the crops 150--200kg, produces 4500--5000kg per year.Initial stage of gathering plucks with hand or cuts with scissors, the later stage plant grow up, available reaping hook extracts.During harvesting, note stubble height, to keep enough bud numbers, be conducive to keep later stage high yield, spring toothing 3--5cm, autumn and winter toothing 6--10cm, spring and summer can adopt 4--5 time, and autumn and winter can adopt 3--4 time.

The inventive method is simple, and the chrysanthemum output of planting out is high, meets national green traditional Chinese medicine standard, can meet the manufacturing demand of Chinese medicine in a large number.

embodiment:

A kind of chrysanthemum high-yield culture technique, object of the present invention realizes by following scheme:

Claims

1. a chrysanthemum high-yield culture technique, is characterized in that, is realized by following scheme:

(1). selection of land wholely: to select fertile sandy loam as well; Before sowing or before transplanting, use sufficient base manure, meticulously make wide 1.2--1.5m wholely, the furrow of high about 20--30cm;

(2). propagation method: chrysanthemum can use seminal propagation, division propagation and cottage propagation, with cottage propagation as well, its method is: in 5--6 month, chooses the tender tip being about 5--6cm, plucks stem 2--3 leaf, tender tip cottage in seedbed, the degree of depth is 1/2 of tender tip length, keeps ground moistening, and shade with sunshade net after inserting, survive about two weeks, plantation density is 30cm--30cm;

(3). field management: first will use sufficient base manure, execute decomposed manure about 2500kg for every 667 square metres, during field planting, combination is watered normal root water and is executed once thin dung polluted water, every 667 square metres of about 1500kg, often gathering once to combine to water topdresses once, every 667 square metres impose dung polluted water about the 2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed at every turn, if implementation perennial cultivation, after portion's cauline leaf dries up completely on the ground, stem stalk is prescinded before frost, heavy dressing once crosses winter top dressing, ridging about 5cm, be conducive to safe overwintering and sprouting in early spring, next carries out intertill and clean tillage, should also be noted that the extermination of disease and insect pest, seldom there is damage by disease and insect in chrysanthemum, perennial chrysanthemum mainly should be prevented eliminating aphis, its method regularly carries out blade face water spray,

(4). gather and reserve seed for planting: Protectorate cultivation can be gathered in March ahead of time, outdoor cropping generally starts to gather in 4--5 month, Sheng of the gathering phase is 5--8 month, gather 1 time every two weeks, bloom until 10--11 month buddings, number of times of gathering is more, branch is more vigorous, diligent harvesting also can avoid aphid damage, harvesting standard is tender with the stem tip, namely break as degree with record book in accordion form, be bundled into wisp listing, every 667 square metres of contiguous plant once can gather in the crops 150--200kg, produce 4500--5000kg per year, initial stage of gathering plucks with hand or cuts with scissors, later stage, plant grew up, available reaping hook extracts, during harvesting, note stubble height, to keep enough bud numbers, be conducive to keeping later stage high yield, spring toothing 3--5cm, autumn and winter toothing 6--10cm, spring and summer can adopt 4--5 time, autumn and winter can adopt 3--4 time.