CN104322925A - Tenebrio moliter feed and preparation method - Google Patents
Tenebrio moliter feed and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104322925A CN104322925A CN201410517112.4A CN201410517112A CN104322925A CN 104322925 A CN104322925 A CN 104322925A CN 201410517112 A CN201410517112 A CN 201410517112A CN 104322925 A CN104322925 A CN 104322925A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tenebrio moliter feed and a preparation method and belongs to the technical field of feed processing. The tenebrio moliter feed is characterized by being composed of following components, by weight, 60-85% of miscanthus floridulus, 14-38% of a substrate and 1-2% of a microbial strain. In the tenebrio moliter feed, the miscanthus floridulus, which is abundant in source and is low in cost, is employed as a main raw material for preparing the tenebrio moliter feed for replacing conventional wheat bran and rice bran so that a breeding cost can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the raw material is free of territory limit and can be planted in all parts of the country, thereby greatly promoting development of a breeding industry of tenebrio moliter. The preparation method is easy to carry out. The feed, prepared through fermentation, is greatly reduced in the content of crude fibers, is increased in the content of crude proteins, is increased in nutrients, is enhanced in palatability and is ensured to have an intake rate being not less than 97%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feed processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of yellow meal worm feed and preparation method.
Background technology
Yellow meal worm cries again bread worm, and entomological taxonomy is under the jurisdiction of coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, and mealworm first belongs to.Former
produce northamerica, the 50's introduced China from the Soviet Union and raise, yellow meal worm dry product fatty 30%, containing protein up to more than 50%, in addition containing macroelement and various trace elements such as phosphorus, potassium, iron, sodium, aluminium, the amino acid classes of constitutive protein matter is complete, altogether containing 17 seed amino acids, comprising 7 kinds of essential amino acids and semisynthetic 4 seed amino acids that human body can not synthesize, is a kind of important edible, feeding, health food protein resource, has very high using value.
In recent years, along with going deep into of studying yellow meal worm, the deep processing about yellow meal worm day by day increases, the demand of yellow meal worm is also increased gradually, yellow meal worm extensively should use field of fodder, and its field related to comprises the feed of poultry animal, multiple field such as fish feed.And the raising of yellow meal worm, tradition is based on the leftover bits and pieces of northern China main product crop, and such as wheat bran, rice bran etc., this kind of feeding manner exists the high problem of cost, limits the development of yellow meal worm animal husbandry, makes the market of yellow meal worm occur the phenomenon that supply falls short of demand.
Caulis Miscanthis floriduli has another name called Chinese silvergrass, Guan Mang, pipe grass, cold awns, and grass family is modal field all living creatures grass among daily life.It is taken up open ground in hillside soil, roadside, road, streams and grows in groups, and its subterranean stem is flourishing, can adapt to various soil.Because Caulis Miscanthis floriduli is a kind of perennial plant, be a kind of good forage of long-lived high yield, meanwhile, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli cheap, all parts of the country all can be planted, not by the restriction of geographical conditions, for feed resource provides sufficient guarantee.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of take Caulis Miscanthis floriduli as yellow meal worm feed of primary raw material and preparation method thereof.
The present invention passes through technical scheme and is realized:
Described a kind of yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that being made up of Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, substrate, microorganism fungus kind, each group
Composition is by weight percentage divided to be respectively: Caulis Miscanthis floriduli 60-85%, substrate 14-38%, microorganism fungus kind 1-2%.
Described a kind of yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that described substrate is made up of dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs, and the weight ratio of described dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran, rapeseed dregs is 1:1:2:1.
Described a kind of yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that described microorganism fungus kind refers to following three strain bacterial classifications: aspergillus niger, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete.
The preparation method of described yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that being prepared by following steps:
1) the obtained Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries of making beating after Caulis Miscanthis floriduli being cleaned, mixed with substrate by Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries, obtain fermentation raw material, the addition of substrate is the 14-38% of fermentate total amount;
2) be inoculated in fermentation raw material by aspergillus niger strain, inoculum concentration is 7%, and fermentation temperature is 30-32 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 hours, obtains one time fermentation material;
3) the composite bacteria liquid that lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete are formed is inoculated in step 2) in one time fermentation material in, inoculum concentration is 7%, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature condition, and fermentation time is 4-5 days, obtains secondary fermentation material;
4) the secondary fermentation material that step 3) is obtained is dried 35-45 minute under 43-48 DEG C of temperature conditions, then carry out expanded, granulation, obtain yellow meal worm feed.
The preparation method of described yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that described substrate is made up of dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs, and the weight ratio of described dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran, rapeseed dregs is 1:1:2:1.
The preparation method of described yellow meal worm feed, it is characterized in that the water content of described one time fermentation material is at 63-68%, pH value is 5-6, and the thickness of one time fermentation material is 28-32cm.
The preparation method of described yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that the particle diameter of the yellow meal worm feed after granulation is 1-4 millimeter.
The present invention utilizes aboundresources, and the Caulis Miscanthis floriduli that price is lower replaces wheat bran, the rice bran of transmission, as the primary raw material of main preparation yellow meal worm feed, can effectively reduce aquaculture cost, meanwhile, raw material does not limit by region, all parts of the country all can be planted, and have promoted the development of yellow meal worm aquaculture greatly; Preparation method of the present invention is simple, and processes obtained feed by fermentation, and its crude fiber content significantly reduces, crude protein content is improved, enhance the nutritional labeling of feed, and palatability strengthens, and guarantees that grazing rate reaches more than 97%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Bacterial classification and source: aspergillus niger (Aspergullus niger), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus), candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis) are all purchased from Guangzhou institute of microbiology.
Spawn incubation condition: aspergillus niger potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium activation, and expand cultivation with bran mass, cultivation temperature 28 DEG C, incubation time 96h; Lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete adopt malt extract medium to activate, and are expanded the composite bacteria liquid cultivated and provide by the mixed culture fermentation of Guangzhou institute of microbiology.
Raw material sources: substrate selects the mixture of dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs, and the weight ratio of dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran, rapeseed dregs is 1:1:2:1.Caulis Miscanthis floriduli is making beating after being cleaned by fresh Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, for subsequent use.
Embodiment 1
1) the obtained Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries of making beating after Caulis Miscanthis floriduli being cleaned, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries are mixed with the substrate accounting for fermentate total amount 14%, obtained thickness is 25cm, water content is 58%, pH value is the fermentation raw material of 4.5, and wherein substrate is mixed by weight for 1:1:2:1 by dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs;
2) be inoculated in fermentation raw material by aspergillus niger strain, inoculum concentration is 7%, at 28 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 30h, obtains one time fermentation material;
3) the composite bacteria liquid that lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete are formed being inoculated in step 2) in obtained one time fermentation material, inoculum concentration is 7%, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature condition, and fermentation time is 5d, obtains secondary fermentation material;
4) the secondary fermentation material that step 3) is obtained is dried 45 minutes under 43 DEG C of conditions, then carry out expanded, granulation, obtain the yellow meal worm feed that particle diameter is 2 millimeters.
The yellow meal worm feed obtained by preparation method of the present invention, after inspection, the key technical indexes is:
Be 20% with Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gross protein value;
Measuring crude fiber content by acid-alkali washing method is 16%;
Feed to 100 yellow meal worms, grazing rate reaches 98.2%.
Embodiment 2
1) the obtained Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries of making beating after Caulis Miscanthis floriduli being cleaned, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries are mixed with the substrate accounting for fermentate total amount 20%, obtained thickness is 30cm, water content is 65%, pH value is the fermentation raw material of 5.5, and wherein substrate is mixed by weight for 1:1:2:1 by dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs;
2) be inoculated in fermentation raw material by aspergillus niger strain, inoculum concentration is 7%, at 30 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 30h, obtains one time fermentation material;
3) the composite bacteria liquid that lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete are formed being inoculated in step 2) in obtained one time fermentation material, inoculum concentration is 7%, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature condition, and fermentation time is 4d, obtains secondary fermentation material;
4) the secondary fermentation material that step 3) is obtained is dried 40 minutes under 45 DEG C of conditions, then carry out expanded, granulation, obtain the yellow meal worm feed that particle diameter is 1 millimeter.
The yellow meal worm feed obtained by preparation method of the present invention, after inspection, the key technical indexes is:
Be 22% with Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gross protein value;
Measuring crude fiber content by acid-alkali washing method is 14%;
Feed to 100 yellow meal worms, grazing rate reaches 97.1%.
Embodiment 3
1) the obtained Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries of making beating after Caulis Miscanthis floriduli being cleaned, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries are mixed with the substrate accounting for fermentate total amount 38%, obtained thickness is 35cm, water content is 67%, pH value is the fermentation raw material of 6, and wherein substrate is mixed by weight for 1:1:2:1 by dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs;
2) be inoculated in fermentation raw material by aspergillus niger strain, inoculum concentration is 7%, at 32 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 30h, obtains one time fermentation material;
3) the composite bacteria liquid that lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete are formed being inoculated in step 2) in obtained one time fermentation material, inoculum concentration is 7%, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature condition, and fermentation time is 4d, obtains secondary fermentation material;
4) the secondary fermentation material that step 3) is obtained is dried 35 minutes under 48 DEG C of conditions, then carry out expanded, granulation, obtain the yellow meal worm feed that particle diameter is 4 millimeters.
The yellow meal worm feed obtained by preparation method of the present invention, after inspection, the key technical indexes is:
Be 20% with Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gross protein value;
Measuring crude fiber content by acid-alkali washing method is 12%;
Feed to 100 yellow meal worms, grazing rate reaches 99.4%.
Embodiment 4
1) the obtained Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries of making beating after Caulis Miscanthis floriduli being cleaned, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries are mixed with the substrate accounting for fermentate total amount 30%, obtained thickness is 32cm, water content is 65%, pH value is the fermentation raw material of 6.0, and wherein substrate is mixed by weight for 1:1:2:1 by dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs;
2) be inoculated in fermentation raw material by aspergillus niger strain, inoculum concentration is 7%, at 30 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 30h, obtains one time fermentation material;
3) the composite bacteria liquid that lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete are formed being inoculated in step 2) in obtained one time fermentation material, inoculum concentration is 7%, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature condition, and fermentation time is 5d, obtains secondary fermentation material;
4) the secondary fermentation material that step 3) is obtained is dried 38 minutes under 46 DEG C of conditions, then carry out expanded, granulation, obtain the yellow meal worm feed that particle diameter is 3 millimeters.
The yellow meal worm feed obtained by preparation method of the present invention, after inspection, the key technical indexes is:
Be 18% with Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gross protein value;
Measuring crude fiber content by acid-alkali washing method is 14%;
Feed to 100 yellow meal worms, grazing rate reaches 98.6%.
Claims (7)
1. a yellow meal worm feed, is characterized in that being made up of Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, substrate, microorganism fungus kind, each group
Composition is by weight percentage divided to be respectively: Caulis Miscanthis floriduli 60-85%, substrate 14-38%, microorganism fungus kind 1-2%.
2. a kind of yellow meal worm feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that described substrate is made up of dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs, and the weight ratio of described dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran, rapeseed dregs is 1:1:2:1.
3. a kind of yellow meal worm feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that described microorganism fungus kind refers to following three strain bacterial classifications: aspergillus niger, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete.
4. the preparation method of yellow meal worm feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that being prepared by following steps:
1) the obtained Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries of making beating after Caulis Miscanthis floriduli being cleaned, mixed with substrate by Caulis Miscanthis floriduli slurries, obtain fermentation raw material, the addition of substrate is the 14-38% of fermentate total amount;
2) be inoculated in fermentation raw material by aspergillus niger strain, inoculum concentration is 7%, and fermentation temperature is 30-32 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 hours, obtains one time fermentation material;
3) the composite bacteria liquid that lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete are formed is inoculated in step 2) in one time fermentation material in, inoculum concentration is 7%, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature condition, and fermentation time is 4-5 days, obtains secondary fermentation material;
4) the secondary fermentation material that step 3) is obtained is dried 35-45 minute under 43-48 DEG C of temperature conditions, then carry out expanded, granulation, obtain yellow meal worm feed.
5. the preparation method of yellow meal worm feed according to claim 4, is characterized in that described substrate is made up of dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran and rapeseed dregs, and the weight ratio of described dregs of beans, peanut meal, rice bran, rapeseed dregs is 1:1:2:1.
6. the preparation method of yellow meal worm feed according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the water content of described one time fermentation material is at 63-68%, pH value is 5-6, and the thickness of one time fermentation material is 28-32cm.
7. the preparation method of yellow meal worm feed according to claim 4, is characterized in that the particle diameter of the yellow meal worm feed after granulation is 1-4 millimeter.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918694A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Preparation method of crab feed with good palatability |
| CN106360159A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-02-01 | 集美大学 | Chinese-herbal-medicine-containing yellow meal worm feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106417899A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-02-22 | 集美大学 | Tenebrio molitor feed and preparation method |
| CN107410673A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-12-01 | 芜湖市丹洋现代农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of peony seeds dregs of rice oil produces feed process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918694A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Preparation method of crab feed with good palatability |
| CN106417899A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-02-22 | 集美大学 | Tenebrio molitor feed and preparation method |
| CN106360159A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-02-01 | 集美大学 | Chinese-herbal-medicine-containing yellow meal worm feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107410673A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-12-01 | 芜湖市丹洋现代农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of peony seeds dregs of rice oil produces feed process |
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Application publication date: 20150204 |