CN104311218A

CN104311218A - Peach tree planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN104311218A
Application number: CN201410492551.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王文庭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-09-24
Filing date: 2014-09-24
Publication date: 2015-01-28

Abstract

A peach tree planting controlled release fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of wheat straw, 60-65 parts of corn straw, 40-45 parts of carbon residues, 55-70 parts of sheep manure, 20-24 parts of soybean curd residues, 28-32 parts of edible fungi residues, 2-3 parts of a biological fermentation bacterial agent, 10-14 parts of a zeolite powder, 8-10 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-6 parts of zinc sulfate, 5-7 parts of potassium oxide, 10-14 parts of potassium chloride, 8-11 parts of monoammonium carbonate, 10-12 parts of alkyd resin, 2-3 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4-5 parts of a crosslinking agent, and a proper amount of water. The peach tree planting fertilizer is used as a basal fertilizer, and provides nutrition for growth of peach trees for a long time; organic matters except essential NPK are selected from the crop straws as main raw materials, on one hand, waste is reused and pollution of burning is reduced, on the other hand, after fermentation, energy is obtained, the fermentation time and the crushing degree are intended to be reduced, a small number of fibers are retained, soil loosening is facilitated, and effects in drainage and hydrophobic aspects are obvious; and finally NPK are combined with degradable resin materials through a crosslinking agent, nutrients are slowly released in the degradation process, and a slow-release effect is played.

Description

A kind of peach plantation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of peach plantation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to the technology field of peach organic fertilizer in fertilizer.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer is that material maximum in agriculture production drops into, statistical information according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO shows, in raising per unit area yield, chemical fertilizer accounts for 40 ~ 60% to volume increase role, but the production time shows, due to the impact of fertilizers for potted flowers material nature and edatope condition and agricultural measures etc., chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is very low.China because of fertilizer nutrient utilization low caused nutrients resource waste very surprising, China produces every year according to statistics, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer used is about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the this season utilization ratio of its fertilizer only uses 30 ~ 50%, accumulative utilization ratio is 45 ~ 60%, and the direct economic loss caused because of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is amounted to Renminbi and reached 239.4 hundred million yuan.The problem of environmental pollution how to improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reducing because improper fertilization causes, Sustainable development high-efficiency agriculture has become the problem that countries in the world are paid close attention to jointly, since 20 century 70s, the research of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and utilization have become the focus of world fertilizer research, slow/controlled release technology is from the inorganics coating large grain carbon ammonium technology of exploratory stage and fertile bag fertilizer technology, develop into the resin packaging technique of present stage, present stage coated with resin technology.

(1) sulfur-coated urea technology

(2) solvent type resin packaging technique: at high temperature with olefin hydrocarbons thermoplasticity resins such as organic solvent dissolution recycled plastics, then sprays pneumatic vulcanization tower class and is evenly coated on the granulated fertilizer surface such as urea, composite fertilizer the end of at by it.

(3) water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique, the technology of water soluble resin, fat-soluble water quality surface reaction film forming and amplification thereof and transitional technology, water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique have been used to release and release control fertilizer suitability for industrialized production.

Synolac: by the oily modified polyester resin of polyvalent alcohol, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride and lipid acid or oil (fatty acid triglyceride) condensation polymerization.By number and the structure of double bond in lipid acid (or oil) molecule, can be divided into dryness, semi-drying and non-dryness three class, dry alkyd resin can solidify in atmosphere; Non-dry alkyd resin then will mix with aminoresin, could solidify through heating, in addition also can by the content of lipid acid used (or oil) or Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, be divided into short, in, grow and extremely grow the Synolac of four kinds of oil content.After Synolac film-forming, glossy and toughness, strong adhesion, and there are good wear resistance, weathering resistance and insulativity etc.

(1) drying oil alkyd resin: by the Synolac of high unsaturated fatty acid or oil and fat preparation, can from dry or oven drying at low temperature, solvent No. 200 solvent oils.Such Synolac is by oxidation cross-linked drying and forming-film, and in a sense, the Synolac of oxidation drying is alternatively a kind of siccative oil of modification.The drying of siccative oil paint film needs for a long time, and reason is that their relative molecular mass is lower, needs polystep reaction could form crosslinked macromole.The oil that Synolac is equivalent to " macromole ", only need a little cross-linking set, can make drying varniss, paint film property also far exceedes siccative oil certainly.

(2) non-drying oil alkyd resin: can not film forming in atmosphere separately, belongs to non-oxide drying and forming-film, mainly makes softening agent and polyhydroxylated polymer (oil).Can baking finish be prepared with aminoresin as during hydroxy component or prepare two-pack self-drying paint with polyisocyanate curing agent.

Methylene-bisacrylamide is used for the production of High hydrophilous resin, High hydrophilous resin can be used for producing sanitary product, water-absorbent is splendid, also can be used for the production of agriculture water-holding agent, by potato starch and acrylamide using methylene-bisacrylamide as linking agent, under the effect of initiator, hydrolysis obtains High hydrophilous resin.

Tributyl citrate (TBC) is a kind of good environment-friendly plasticizer, lubricant, under normal temperature for nontoxic, have fruital taste, colourless transparent oil liquid, boiling point 170 DEG C (133.3Pa), flash-point (opening cup) 185 DEG C, be dissolved in most organic solvent, volatility is little, good with the consistency of resin, plasticizing efficiency is high, is allowed for food product pack and health care goods in countries such as America and Europes, and the industry such as the soft toy of children, pharmacy, medical product, essence and flavoring agent, makeup manufacture.

Summary of the invention

A kind of peach plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: wheat stalk 40 ~ 50, maize straw 60 ~ 65, breeze 40 ~ 45, sheep excrement 55 ~ 70, residue from beans after making 20 ~ 24, edible fungi residue 28 ~ 32, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, zeolite powder 10 ~ 14, primary ammonium phosphate 8 ~ 10, zinc sulfate 5 ~ 6, potassium oxide 5 ~ 7, Repone K 10 ~ 14, carbonic acid one ammonium 8 ~ 11, Synolac 10 ~ 12, Virahol 2 ~ 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3 ~ 4, linking agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2 ~ 3, tributyl citrate 3 ~ 5, colophonium powder 2 ~ 3, green cucumber wood powder 5 ~ 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 1 ~ 2, ethanol 4 ~ 5, lac powder 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

A preparation method for peach plantation release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) super-fine powder after wheat stalk, maize straw, breeze, sheep excrement, residue from beans after making and edible fungi residue combination drying is broken into the powder about 140 orders, then the biological fermentation microbial inoculum with the dilution of 10 times, water is added, adjustment water content about 40% after mixing, temperature 38 ~ 43 DEG C, ferment 15 ~ 17 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) mixed phosphate ammonium dihydrogen, zinc sulfate, potassium oxide, Repone K and carbonic acid one ammonium, add 5 ~ 6 times to the water post-heating stirring and dissolving of its gross weight, add Synolac, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Virahol, linking agent and other following remaining component do not related to afterwards, continue heated and stirred 10 ~ 15min;

(3) zeolite powder is added in the mixing solutions described in (2), heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, naturally cooling after coagulation, be then ground into 20 order left and right resin particles;

(4) mix the fermentation material of (1) and the resin particle of (3), adjust the rear granulation of water content about 20%.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: peach plantation fertilizer of the present invention is used as base manure, for a long time nutrition supply is done to the growth of peach, except necessary NPK, organic matter selects the stalk of farm crop as main raw material, refuse is re-used on the one hand, reduce the pollution of burning, a kind of energy after fermentation on the other hand, here have a mind to reduce fermentation time and degree of grinding, retain the fiber of small part, be conducive to pineization soil, in draining, hydrophobic aspect is also very effective, last NPK is combined with linking agent with biodegradable resin material, the process slow releasing nutrient of degraded, play slow release effect.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of peach plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): wheat stalk 45, maize straw 65, breeze 40, sheep excrement 60, residue from beans after making 24, edible fungi residue 30, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 3, zeolite powder 10, primary ammonium phosphate 10, zinc sulfate 5, potassium oxide 7, Repone K 14, carbonic acid one ammonium 8, Synolac 10, Virahol 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3, linking agent 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 3, tributyl citrate 4, colophonium powder 3, green cucumber wood powder 5, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 2, ethanol 4, lac powder 1 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

Release and release control fertilizer of the present invention is mixed as Nutrition Soil with the ratio of subsoil using 1: 3 of planting pit during plantation, in planting pit on average every 8 ~ 10Kg release of peach seedling, within average 1 year later, execute this fertilizer once, a 5 ~ 7Kg, other mends spraying fertilizer by peach normal growth situation, this method is as experimental group, fertilising requirement when control group is planted according to a conventional method, result shows: experimental group reduces the usage quantity of in the future topdressing, no matter be the sturdy degree of fruit colour and limb, experimental group is obviously better than the control group of applying fertilizer routinely, per mu yield increases by 16.1%, economy rises 23.4% on year-on-year basis.

Claims

1. a peach plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: wheat stalk 40 ~ 50, maize straw 60 ~ 65, breeze 40 ~ 45, sheep excrement 55 ~ 70, residue from beans after making 20 ~ 24, edible fungi residue 28 ~ 32, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, zeolite powder 10 ~ 14, primary ammonium phosphate 8 ~ 10, zinc sulfate 5 ~ 6, potassium oxide 5 ~ 7, Repone K 10 ~ 14, carbonic acid one ammonium 8 ~ 11, Synolac 10 ~ 12, Virahol 2 ~ 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3 ~ 4, linking agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

2. a kind of peach plants the preparation method of release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising following step: