CN104311221A - Cowpea planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A controlled-release fertilizer is characterized in that the fertilizer has a slow release function, has nutritional conditions for soybean growth, and has a function of improving soil properties; with utilization of filming and curing characteristics of alkyd resin, chemical components are mutually fused through the actions of a surfactant and a cross-linking agent, and a slow release purpose is achieved in a resin degradation process; medical stone is ground into granules; on one hand, a carrier for resin solidification is provided, and on the other hand, the granular medical stone has a function of improving the soil properties; especially an added selenium element is provided for soybean growth, and can improve the ability of soybean to remove human body free radicals; and the colloidal granules can also be effective in water regulation, manpower reduction and expressive fertilizer supply prevention.

Description

A kind of fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to the Technology field of soybean planting slow-release fertilizer in fertilizer.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer is that material maximum in agriculture production drops into, statistical information according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO shows, in raising per unit area yield, chemical fertilizer accounts for 40 ~ 60% to volume increase role, but the production time shows, due to the impact of fertilizers for potted flowers material nature and edatope condition and agricultural measures etc., chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is very low.China because of fertilizer nutrient utilization low caused nutrients resource waste very surprising, China produces every year according to statistics, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer used is about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the this season utilization ratio of its fertilizer only uses 30 ~ 50%, accumulative utilization ratio is 45 ~ 60%, and the direct economic loss caused because of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is amounted to Renminbi and reached 239.4 hundred million yuan.The problem of environmental pollution how to improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reducing because improper fertilization causes, Sustainable development high-efficiency agriculture has become the problem that countries in the world are paid close attention to jointly, since 20 century 70s, the research of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and utilization have become the focus of world fertilizer research, slow/controlled release technology is from the inorganics coating large grain carbon ammonium technology of exploratory stage and fertile bag fertilizer technology, develop into the resin packaging technique of present stage, present stage coated with resin technology.

(1) sulfur-coated urea technology

(2) solvent type resin packaging technique: at high temperature with olefin hydrocarbons thermoplasticity resins such as organic solvent dissolution recycled plastics, then sprays pneumatic vulcanization tower class and is evenly coated on the granulated fertilizer surface such as urea, composite fertilizer the end of at by it.

(3) water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique, the technology of water soluble resin, fat-soluble water quality surface reaction film forming and amplification thereof and transitional technology, water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique have been used to release and release control fertilizer suitability for industrialized production.

Synolac: by the oily modified polyester resin of polyvalent alcohol, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride and lipid acid or oil (fatty acid triglyceride) condensation polymerization.By number and the structure of double bond in lipid acid (or oil) molecule, can be divided into dryness, semi-drying and non-dryness three class, dry alkyd resin can solidify in atmosphere; Non-dry alkyd resin then will mix with aminoresin, could solidify through heating, in addition also can by the content of lipid acid used (or oil) or Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, be divided into short, in, grow and extremely grow the Synolac of four kinds of oil content.After Synolac film-forming, glossy and toughness, strong adhesion, and there are good wear resistance, weathering resistance and insulativity etc.

(1) drying oil alkyd resin: by the Synolac of high unsaturated fatty acid or oil and fat preparation, can from dry or oven drying at low temperature, solvent No. 200 solvent oils.Such Synolac is by oxidation cross-linked drying and forming-film, and in a sense, the Synolac of oxidation drying is alternatively a kind of siccative oil of modification.The drying of siccative oil paint film needs for a long time, and reason is that their relative molecular mass is lower, needs polystep reaction could form crosslinked macromole.The oil that Synolac is equivalent to " macromole ", only need a little cross-linking set, can make drying varniss, paint film property also far exceedes siccative oil certainly.

(2) non-drying oil alkyd resin: can not film forming in atmosphere separately, belongs to non-oxide drying and forming-film, mainly makes softening agent and polyhydroxylated polymer (oil).Can baking finish be prepared with aminoresin as during hydroxy component or prepare two-pack self-drying paint with polyisocyanate curing agent.

Methylene-bisacrylamide is used for the production of High hydrophilous resin, High hydrophilous resin can be used for producing sanitary product, water-absorbent is splendid, also can be used for the production of agriculture water-holding agent, by potato starch and acrylamide using methylene-bisacrylamide as linking agent, under the effect of initiator, hydrolysis obtains High hydrophilous resin.

Tributyl citrate (TBC) is a kind of good environment-friendly plasticizer, lubricant, under normal temperature for nontoxic, have fruital taste, colourless transparent oil liquid, boiling point 170 DEG C (133.3Pa), flash-point (opening cup) 185 DEG C, be dissolved in most organic solvent, volatility is little, good with the consistency of resin, plasticizing efficiency is high, is allowed for food product pack and health care goods in countries such as America and Europes, and the industry such as the soft toy of children, pharmacy, medical product, essence and flavoring agent, makeup manufacture.

Summary of the invention

A kind of fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: corn cob 30 ~ 35, leaf of Semen Maydis 25 ~ 27, withered mock 25 ~ 35, swine excrement 40 ~ 45, diatomite 18 ~ 20, oyster shell whiting 16 ~ 18, rape straw 28 ~ 34, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, medical stone 8 ~ 10, Sodium Selenite 2 ~ 3, potassium borate 6 ~ 8, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8 ~ 10, ammonium chloride 6 ~ 8, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 12, Synolac 8 ~ 12, ethanol 3 ~ 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 2 ~ 4, linking agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2 ~ 3, tributyl citrate 3 ~ 5, colophonium powder 2 ~ 3, green cucumber wood powder 5 ~ 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 1 ~ 2, ethanol 4 ~ 5, lac powder 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

A preparation method for fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) super-fine powder after corn cob, leaf of Semen Maydis, withered mock, swine excrement, diatomite, oyster shell whiting and the drying of rape straw is broken into the powder about 140 orders, then the biological fermentation microbial inoculum with the dilution of 10 times, water is added, adjustment water content 30 ~ 35% after mixing, temperature 36 ~ 40 DEG C, ferment 18 ~ 22 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) Sodium Selenite, potassium borate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ammonium chloride and potassium sulfate is mixed, add 5 ~ 6 times to the water post-heating stirring and dissolving of its gross weight, add Synolac, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, ethanol, linking agent and other following remaining component do not related to afterwards, continue heated and stirred 10 ~ 15min;

(3) be broken into by medical stone powder in the mixing solutions that grains of sand shape adds described in (2), heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, naturally cooling after coagulation, is then ground into 20 order left and right resin particles;

(4) mix the fermentation material of (1) and the resin particle of (3), adjust the rear granulation of water content about 20%.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: release and release control fertilizer feature of the present invention is the slow-release function of its fertilizer, possess the nutritional condition of soybeans they grow and possess the function improving soil property, the film forming curing characteristics of Synolac is utilized the effect of chemical composition by tensio-active agent and linking agent mutually to be merged, the process of resin degradation plays the object of slowly-releasing, medical stone is milled to granule, the carrier of hardening of resin is provided on the one hand, the medical stone of particle has the function improving soil property on the other hand, the selenium element of special interpolation provides soybeans they grow, the ability that soybean removes human free radical can be improved, gluey granule can also play moisture regulation, reduce manpower, prevent fertilizer surplus all very effective.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): corn cob 35, leaf of Semen Maydis 27, withered mock 35, swine excrement 45, diatomite 20, oyster shell whiting 18, rape straw 30, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 3, medical stone 10, Sodium Selenite 3, potassium borate 6, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8, ammonium chloride 8, potassium sulfate 10, Synolac 12, ethanol 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 2, linking agent 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2, tributyl citrate 3, colophonium powder 2, green cucumber wood powder 5, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 2, ethanol 4, lac powder 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

A preparation method for fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) super-fine powder after corn cob, leaf of Semen Maydis, withered mock, swine excrement, diatomite, oyster shell whiting and the drying of rape straw is broken into the powder about 140 orders, then the biological fermentation microbial inoculum with the dilution of 10 times, water is added, adjustment water content 30 ~ 35% after mixing, temperature 36 ~ 40 DEG C, ferment 18 ~ 22 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) Sodium Selenite, potassium borate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ammonium chloride and potassium sulfate is mixed, add 5 ~ 6 times to the water post-heating stirring and dissolving of its gross weight, add Synolac, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, ethanol, linking agent and other following remaining component do not related to afterwards, continue heated and stirred 10 ~ 15min;

(3) be broken into by medical stone powder in the mixing solutions that grains of sand shape adds described in (2), heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, naturally cooling after coagulation, is then ground into 20 order left and right resin particles;

(4) mix the fermentation material of (1) and the resin particle of (3), adjust the rear granulation of water content about 20%.

By release and release control fertilizer of the present invention with plantation time nursery subsoil with 1: 3 ratio mix, root is topdressed by the amount of every 3 ~ 4Kg in the soybean seedling phase, yielding positive results, the phase mends sealing fertilizer once, this method is as experimental group, fertilising requirement when control group is planted according to a conventional method, result shows: experimental group reduces the usage quantity of in the future topdressing, its fruit colour and the sturdy degree of stalk are obviously better than being only the control group of fertilizer by chemical composition, greatly reduce manpower and materials, per mu yield increases by 17.3%, and economy rises 26.8% on year-on-year basis.

Claims (2)

1. a fresh kidney beans plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: corn cob 30 ~ 35, leaf of Semen Maydis 25 ~ 27, withered mock 25 ~ 35, swine excrement 40 ~ 45, diatomite 18 ~ 20, oyster shell whiting 16 ~ 18, rape straw 28 ~ 34, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, medical stone 8 ~ 10, Sodium Selenite 2 ~ 3, potassium borate 6 ~ 8, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8 ~ 10, ammonium chloride 6 ~ 8, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 12, Synolac 8 ~ 12, ethanol 3 ~ 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 2 ~ 4, linking agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2 ~ 3, tributyl citrate 3 ~ 5, colophonium powder 2 ~ 3, green cucumber wood powder 5 ~ 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 1 ~ 2, ethanol 4 ~ 5, lac powder 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

2. the preparation method of release and release control fertilizer planted by a kind of fresh kidney beans according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) super-fine powder after corn cob, leaf of Semen Maydis, withered mock, swine excrement, diatomite, oyster shell whiting and the drying of rape straw is broken into the powder about 140 orders, then the biological fermentation microbial inoculum with the dilution of 10 times, water is added, adjustment water content 30 ~ 35% after mixing, temperature 36 ~ 40 DEG C, ferment 18 ~ 22 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) Sodium Selenite, potassium borate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ammonium chloride and potassium sulfate is mixed, add 5 ~ 6 times to the water post-heating stirring and dissolving of its gross weight, add Synolac, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, ethanol, linking agent and other following remaining component do not related to afterwards, continue heated and stirred 10 ~ 15min;

(3) be broken into by medical stone powder in the mixing solutions that grains of sand shape adds described in (2), heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, naturally cooling after coagulation, is then ground into 20 order left and right resin particles;

(4) mix the fermentation material of (1) and the resin particle of (3), adjust the rear granulation of water content about 20%.