CN102211968B - Disease-preventing type special controlled-release fertilizer for Shandong peanuts as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Disease-preventing type special controlled-release fertilizer for Shandong peanuts as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a disease-preventing type special controlled-release fertilizer for Shandong peanuts as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The disease-preventing type controlled-release fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: humic acid coated urea, humic acid coated calcium chloride, sulfur-polymer coated urea, diammonium phosphate, granular potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, boric acid, thiodiazole-copper preparation, carbendazim preparation and fenamiphos granular formulation. The release and proportioning of nutrients in the controlled-release special fertilizer for Shandong peanuts are suitable for nutrient conditions and peanut absorption requirements of soil in main peanut production areas in Shandong, and simultaneously, medicaments for preventing and controlling main diseases such as peanut stem rot, root rot, bacterial wilt, root-knot nematode and the like are added. When peanuts are seeded, the disease-preventing type special controlled-release fertilizer for Shandong peanuts is applied for one time, so that labor and time are saved, and disease-preventing and yield-increasing effects are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of special-purpose control-release fertilizer, particularly a kind of disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof and application belong to release and release control fertilizer production and applied technical field.
Background technology
Shandong is traditional big province of peanut cultivation, and more than 1,000 ten thousand mu of the whole province's cultivated areas account for more than 20% of national cultivated area.Shandong Province's peanut essential species is implanted in hills, northern Shandong, mountain area, middle and southern in Shandong Province.Mostly the soil in peanut cultivation district is rough sand and the grit soil that grouan and leaf gneiss weathering form.Compare with the 3rd main product province Hebei with the Henan of China second largest peanut production province, peanut main producing region, Shandong Province soil receives weather and parent soil material double influence, and soil is main with brown earth and brown earth property soil mainly; The soil texture is thick; Nutrient content is low, and soil pH value is low, and eluviation is strong; Base cation is few, deficiencies such as nutritive element potassium, calcium.
Peanut is liked the soil of inclined to one side grittiness, and this soil leaks, leaks fertilizer, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low.Controlled release fertilizer has nutrient and discharges and the consistent function of peanut absorption, and nutrient ion residence time in soil is short, and leaching loss is few, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high, is the direction of peanut fertilising.
In recent years, owing to reasons such as climatic anomaly, the prolongations of the peanut continuous cropping time limit, peanut disease is serious day by day.Wherein serious threat peanut production especially such as soil-borne disease such as stem rot, root rot, oxyuriasis, indivedual time stem rot, the average sick field of root rot rate reach 85.6% and 76.8% respectively.At present, medication again when the common prevention and treatment method of peanut disease is morbidity, but caused certain harm this moment.
CN 100429188C (200710114217.5) discloses and one has cultivated peanut, soybean special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof; This patent document is according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of peanut, soybean; 5% and 6% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, sulfur coating urea and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, vitriolate of tartar, diammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate and the borax of specified proportion are carried out accurately composite making; The nutrient absorption law of this controlled release fertilizer nutrient releasing rule and peanut, soybean matches; Can reduce fertilizer loss, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, effect of increasing production is good.But its weak point is: the one, and the nutrient proportioning is that the nutrition absorption that is directed against peanut designs, and does not consider the soil nutrient difference of different areas; Secondly, do not have prophylaxis effect.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of a kind of cure plant disease of peanut and preparation method thereof.The present invention provides the application method of said Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes the controlled release fertilizer of different sorts and different amounts as raw material; Work in coordination with granular pesticide; The nutrient situation and the peanut that make nutrient release and proportioning be fit to peanut main producing region, Shandong soil absorb requirement, add the mainly medicament of diseases such as control Diplodia gossypina, root rot, bacterial wilt, root knot nematode disease simultaneously.Disease preventing type of the present invention Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is disposable employed when peanut seeding, saves labor, and diseases prevention and effect of increasing production are good.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
Disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it is following that raw material is formed mass parts:
Said humic acid membrane wrapping urea, humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride are spray one layer binders outside granular urea or particle calcium chloride; Spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of one deck again; Solidify the back and repeat said process; Account for 5% of granular urea or particle calcium chloride quality until reaching weathered coal, sticker accounts for 1% of granular urea or particle calcium chloride quality.Preferably, said sticker be epoxy resin and triethylene tetramine by 1: the mass ratio of 0.10-0.12 is mixed and made into.
Humic acid membrane wrapping urea and humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride are the commercially available prod; Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. is on sale; Also can be by patent document CN100556866C (200810139610.4) disclosed " a kind of humic acid control-releasing fertilizer and preparation method thereof " preparation, the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that said sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier.Wherein, it is 18%～22% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, and the mass percent that polymer membrane accounts for nuclear core fertilizer is 1.5%～2.5%.Preferably, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes.The preparation method is referring to CN1246265C (200410024050.X) " is the preparation method of the high polymer film-coated controlled release fertilizer of undercoat with sulphur ", and the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.The preferred granular urea of urea, 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters.
Humic acid membrane wrapping urea, humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride, sulphur add high molecular polymer coated carbamide Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. in the above raw material all has product to sell, and carries out composite after can directly buying.
Above-mentioned diammonium phosphate, granule potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, boric acid, the commercially available prod.Preferably, diammonium phosphate, granule potassium chloride particle diameter are 2～4 millimeters.
Above-mentioned Thiodiazole-copper (thiodiazole-copper) preparation is: 20wt% Thiodiazole-copper water suspending agent and careless carbon mix by 1: 10 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1～2wt%, and granulation, oven dry make.
Above-mentioned derosal (carbendazim) preparation: 50wt% carbendazol wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 5 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1～2%wt, and granulation, oven dry make.
Above-mentioned fenamiphos (fenamiphos) granule is a 15wt% fenamiphos granule, the commercially available prod.
According to the present invention, preferred, the particle diameter of Thiodiazole-copper preparation, derosal preparation, fenamiphos granule is 2～4 millimeters.
Disease preventing type of the present invention Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it is following that preferred raw material is formed mass parts:
According to the present invention, the preparation method of said disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is: above-mentioned each raw material is put into stirrer together in the ratio in the prescription stirred 5～10 minutes, fully mixing.Further, with the fertilizer that mixes send into metering, wrapping machine measures, packs.
According to the present invention; The application of said disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer; The peanut cultivation that is mainly used in hills, northern Shandong, Shandong Province, mountain area, middle and southern in Shandong Province is used, and is providing peanut can also prevent and treat Diplodia gossypina, root rot, bacterial wilt and root knot nematode disease in the nutrient in breeding time.
According to the present invention, the Thiodiazole-copper preparation is used to prevent and treat bacterial wilt of peanut; The derosal preparation is used to prevent and treat Diplodia gossypina, root rot; The fenamiphos granule is used to prevent and treat groundnut root knot nematode disease.
The application of said Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is characterized in that fertilizing method is following:
During peanut seeding, fertilising is carried out with sowing simultaneously, fertilizer capable with sowing row on the same line, fertilizer in seed furrow overhead degree of depth 10-15 centimetre, perhaps below seed 4-6 centimetre.
According to the present invention, the dose of said Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is: folding synthetic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient, every mu of amount of application 20kg～30kg; Perhaps use generalization fertilizer nutrient amount and do reference, use by the 70-80wt% of common fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of amount of nutrients of potassium with local peasant.
Excellent results of the present invention is following:
1. the nutrient proportioning is fit to peanut main producing region, Shandong soil nutrient status
Shandong Province's peanut cultivation mainly concentrates on Yantai, Qingdao, Linyi, 4 districts and cities in Weihai, and its cultivated area accounts for more than 50% of the whole province's area.Mostly these regional soil are rough sand and the grit soil that grouan and leaf gneiss weathering form, and soil type is main with brown earth.Soil is through eluviation, and base cation reduces in a large number, deficiencies such as nutritive element potassium, calcium.This type soil texture is thick simultaneously, and nutrient content is low, a little less than the preserve moisture and fertility ability.Disease preventing type of the present invention Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer accurately disposes according to this area's soil nutrient characteristics and forms, and can satisfy peanut high yield needs.
2. protection effect is good
The peanut disease of Shandong Province's plantation in recent years is on the rise, particularly seedling stage.Utilize medicine liquid irrigation root or sprinkling when the ordinary method in the production is morbidity, but caused certain harm.Medicament in the peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of disease preventing type of the present invention Shandong is selected for use peanut disease control effect various medicaments preferably, directly applies the main root of peanut district with fertilizer, to preventing that germ from invading root system, the harm seedling has good action.
3. applied once, double effects saves labor
According to ordinary method, disease of the every generation of peanut then will be irritated root or sprayed medicine 2～3 times, and recruitment is many, and labour intensity is big.This special use is directly fertile and fertilizer is disposable employed, has reduced the operation number of times, greatly reduces peasant's labour intensity, has practiced thrift the recruitment cost, has improved economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 0～20 centimetre of soil nutrient figure of peanut main producing region, Shandong Province soil, and X-coordinate is the nutrient kind, and ordinate zou is that (unit: alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium are mg/kg to nutrient content; Exchangeable calcium is g/kg).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified, but be not limited thereto.
Per-cent among the embodiment is mass percent.Clearly do not limit among the embodiment all by prior art, the method that provides like CN100556866C (200810139610.4), CN1246265C (200410024050.X).
The raw material explanation is as follows among the embodiment:
20wt% Thiodiazole-copper water suspending agent, ZHEJIANG LONGWAN CHEMICALS Co., Ltd. produces.
The 50wt% carbendazol wettable powder, Agro-Star (Nantong) Biochemical Co., Ltd. produces.
15wt% fenamiphos granule, Wuhan really development in science and technology ltd far away produces.
Embodiment 1:
Disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is following:
1. the preparation of humic acid membrane wrapping urea and humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride:
10kg epoxy resin and 1kg triethylene tetramine are mixed, and it is subsequent use to be mixed with sticker.
Get the calcium chloride 100kg of 2～3 millimeters of urea 100kg and the particle diameters of 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters; In rotary drum, be preheated to 65 ℃～70 ℃ respectively; Spray above-mentioned sticker 0.5kg on urea that rotates and calcium chloride particle, spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of 2.5kg again, solidify the back and repeat said process 1 time; Reach sticker and account for 1% of core fertilizer urea or calcium chloride quality respectively, weathered coal accounts for 5% of core fertilizer urea or calcium chloride quality.
2, sulphur adds the preparation of high molecular polymer coated carbamide:
Novolac epoxy 9kg and triethylene tetramine 1kg are mixed, be mixed with high polymer film-coated dose.Take by weighing the granular urea 100kg of 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters, wrap one deck sulphur earlier by prior art, the sulphur mould material accounts for 20% of nuclear fertilizer quality, wraps above-mentioned high polymer film-coated dose of one deck again, and high polymer film-coated dose accounts for 2% of nuclear fertilizer quality.Get sulphur and add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide.
3, the preparation of Thiodiazole-copper preparation: the careless carbon of 20wt% water suspending agent and pulverizing is even in stirrer for mixing by 1: 10 mass ratio, moves into granulating disc, sprays 2% CMC 99.5 granulation, oven dry, gets the thiophanate methyl preparation.
4, the preparation of derosal preparation: the careless carbon of 50wt% carbendazol wettable powder and pulverizing is even in stirrer for mixing by 1: 5 mass ratio, moves into granulating disc, sprays 2% CMC 99.5 granulation, oven dry, gets the derosal preparation.
5, each raw material in will filling a prescription is put into stirrer in proportion together and was stirred 6 minutes, abundant mixing, with the fertilizer that mixes send into metering, wrapping machine measures, packs.
Embodiment 2: disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and composition of raw materials is following:
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples:
Universal peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd., product type HS 19-17-15.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples is following:
The test place.Shandong Province's Laiyang City, Shandong Province's Linyi City.
Test period: year September in May, 2010 to 2010.
Supply the examination peanut varieties: Laiyang City educates 20 with flower, and Linyi City educates 22 with flower.
Comparative Examples is identical with the total consumption of embodiment fertilizer nutrient, 25 kilograms every mu.Comparative Examples is identical with the embodiment fertilizing method, all imposes on seed below 6 centimeters prior to seeding.Effect is seen table 1.
Table 1 compares effect with Comparative Examples
Claims (1)
1. disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it is following to it is characterized in that raw material is formed mass parts:
90～125 parts in humic acid membrane wrapping urea,
80～130 parts in humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride,
Sulphur adds 60～100 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
260～300 parts of diammonium phosphate,
280～320 parts of granule potassium chlorides,
8～12 parts in zinc sulfate,
5～8 parts of boric acid,
25～35 parts in Thiodiazole-copper preparation,
35～45 parts in derosal preparation,
25～35 parts of fenamiphos granules;
Said humic acid membrane wrapping urea, humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride are spray one layer binders outside granular urea or particle calcium chloride; Spray the weathered coal of the air-dry pulverizing of one deck again; Solidify the back and repeat said process; Account for 5% of granular urea or particle calcium chloride quality until reaching weathered coal, sticker accounts for 1% of granular urea or particle calcium chloride quality; Said sticker be epoxy resin and triethylene tetramine by 1: the mass ratio of 0.10-0.12 is mixed and made into;
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that said sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier; Wherein, it is 18%～22% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, and the mass percent that polymer membrane accounts for nuclear core fertilizer is 1.5%～2.5%; High polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes;
Said Thiodiazole-copper preparation is: 20wt% Thiodiazole-copper water suspending agent and careless carbon mix by 1: 10 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1 ~ 2wt%, and granulation, oven dry make;
Said derosal preparation: 50wt% carbendazol wettable powder and careless carbon mix by 1: 5 mass ratio, move into granulating disc, spray the CMC 99.5 of 1 ~ 2%wt, and granulation, oven dry make;
Said fenamiphos granule is 15 wt % fenamiphos granules, the commercially available prod.
2. disease preventing type as claimed in claim 1 Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it is following to it is characterized in that raw material is formed mass parts:
105～115 parts in humic acid membrane wrapping urea,
115～125 parts in humic acid membrane wrapping calcium chloride,
Sulphur adds 85～95 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
260～280 parts of diammonium phosphate,
290～300 parts of granule potassium chlorides,
8.5～9.5 parts in zinc sulfate,
6.5～7.5 parts of boric acid,
27～29 parts in Thiodiazole-copper preparation,
42～44 parts in derosal preparation,
31～33 parts of fenamiphos granules.
3. the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 said disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizers is: said each raw material is put into stirrer together in the ratio in the prescription stirred 5～10 minutes, fully mixing.
4. the application of claim 1 or 2 said disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizers, wherein said disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer fertilizing method is following:
During peanut seeding, fertilising is carried out with sowing simultaneously, fertilizer capable with sowing row on the same line, fertilizer 10-15 centimetres of degree of depth overhead in seed furrow, perhaps below seed 4-6 centimetre.
5. application as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the dose of said disease preventing type Shandong peanut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is: folding synthetic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient, every mu of dose 20kg ~ 30kg.
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