CN104478540A - A multilayer slow release functional fertilizer and a preparing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A multilayer slow release fertilizer is disclosed. NPK components are enveloped by using an enveloping agent and are adopted as an inner layer structure. An outer layer is prepared by covering with a mixture of fermented organic materials and smashed quartz stone granules. The fermented organic materials contain a plurality of organic acids to be supplied for direct absorption for plants. Using of chemical components is reduced. When the fertilizer enters the surface of soil, firstly, the mixed quartz stone granules can destroy hardened soil, makes the soil loose and soft so as to allow components to enter, and plays a role of improving the soil; the fermented organic materials are absorbed by roots along with water streams so as to expose the inner enveloping structure; and the special enveloping agent is slowly dissolved along with time to release inner chemical components, thus avoiding nutrient loss and plant root cell water loss due to overhigh salinity. The chemical components and the organic materials are reasonably divided in labor and cooperated, supplement each other and bring out the best in each other.

Description

A kind of multilayer slow-release function is fertile and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of multilayer slow-release function fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to the fertilizer field of multilayer slowly-releasing in fertilizer.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer is that material maximum in agriculture production drops into, statistical information according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO shows, in raising per unit area yield, chemical fertilizer accounts for 40 ~ 60% to volume increase role, but the production time shows, due to the impact of fertilizers for potted flowers material nature and edatope condition and agricultural measures etc., chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is very low.China because of fertilizer nutrient utilization low caused nutrients resource waste very surprising, China produces every year according to statistics, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer used is about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the this season utilization ratio of its fertilizer only uses 30 ~ 50%, accumulative utilization ratio is 45 ~ 60%, and the direct economic loss caused because of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is amounted to Renminbi and reached 239.4 hundred million yuan.The problem of environmental pollution how to improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reducing because improper fertilization causes, Sustainable development high-efficiency agriculture has become the problem that countries in the world are paid close attention to jointly, since 20 century 70s, the research of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and utilization have become the focus of world fertilizer research, slow/controlled release technology is from the inorganics coating large grain carbon ammonium technology of exploratory stage and fertile bag fertilizer technology, develop into the resin packaging technique of present stage, present stage coated with resin technology.

Organic fertilizer is rich in the nutritive substance needed for organic substance and plant growth, can not only provide nutrient needed for plant growth, improvement soil, can also crop quality be improved, improve crop yield, promote high crop yield stable yields, preservation of fertility, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer simultaneously, reduces production cost.Abundant Appropriate application organic fertilizer can increase crop yield, culture fertility, improves quality of agricultural product, improve the validity of soil nutrient.Therefore; organic fertilizer is applied in China; meet the requirement of " Accelerating The Construction resource-conserving and environment-friendly society "; promotion agricultural and resource, Agriculture and Environment and harmony between man and nature close friend are developed; promote agricultural product security, cleaner production from source, preserve the ecological environment all significant.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, the free of contamination demand that is organic, green food of safety of residents health constantly increases, and vast farmers improves the market competitiveness of agricultural-food in the urgent need to application of organic fertilizers.

Summary of the invention

A kind of multilayer slow-release function is fertile, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: quartzite 30 ~ 40, groundnut meal 40 ~ 60, straw 45 ~ 60, maize straw 20 ~ 30, residue from beans after making 15 ~ 25, washing water of rice 10 ~ 16, attapulgite 55 ~ 70, EM fermenting agent 2 ~ 3, urea 10 ~ 14, zinc sulfate 4 ~ 6, ammonium phosphate 7 ~ 10, saleratus 14 ~ 18, ammonium molybdate 3 ~ 5, magnesium chloride 5 ~ 7, vermiculite power 12 ~ 16, lime powder 15 ~ 20, bone meal 3 ~ 5, coating agent 5 ~ 7 and appropriate water;

Described coating agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Vinylstyrene 1 ~ 2, calcium oxide 4 ~ 6, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin 3 ~ 5, Virahol 6 ~ 9, bamboo charcoal powder 3 ~ 5, acetic acid 2 ~ 4, glycerine 1 ~ 2, limestone powder 8 ~ 10, Potassium Persulphate 0.5 ~ 1 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: water dilution Virahol being added 3 ~ 4 times, add Vinylstyrene, glycerine, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin and Potassium Persulphate again, heated and stirred is dissolved, mixed oxidization calcium, starch, acetic acid and limestone powder, being added in previous solu and stirring into emulsion, final drying is concentrated obtained.

A preparation method for multilayer slow-release function fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) will straw and maize straw mixing tofu slag, washing water of rice, attapulgite and the groundnut meal of powder be ground into, and add the EM fermenting agent of 10 times of dilutions, mix rear adjustment water content about 40% thoroughly, ferment 15 ~ 20 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) quartz powder is broken into the particle of 40 order sizes, is added in the fermentation material described in (1), mix and the furnishing pasty state that adds water, for subsequent use;

(3) mixing urea, zinc sulfate, ammonium phosphate, saleratus, ammonium molybdate and magnesium chloride, add the water of 5 ~ 6 times of total weight parts, heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min dissolves, then vermiculite power, lime powder, bone meal and other following remaining component do not related to is admixed, furnishing homogenate, preliminary granulation after drying dehydration;

(4) particle of (3) is put in coating machine, coating agent is sprayed on the fertilizer slug particle surface in motion at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, more logical warm air drying 10 ~ 15min, the fermentation material finally again described in coated one deck (2), accounts for about 60% of total amount, dries.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is a kind of fertilizer of multilayer slowly-releasing, by using NPK composition with coating coating as endothecium structure, the particle encapsulation that the organic material mixing quartzite of skin fermentation is pulverized is made, the organic material of fermentation directly absorbs for plant containing multiple organic acid, reduce the use of chemical composition, fertilizer enters soil layer surface, first the quartzite particle mixed can harden by spoiled soil, loose soil soft stool is entered in each composition, play a part to improve soil, fermentation organic material with current by Root Absorption, spill internal layer clad structure, release internal layer chemical composition is slowly dissolved in special coating agent in time, nutrient loss and too high in salinity is avoided to cause the phenomenon of burning root, chemical composition and organic material reasonably divide the work to coordinate, complement each other, bring out the best in each other.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of multilayer slow-release function is fertile, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): quartzite 30, groundnut meal 60, straw 45, maize straw 20, residue from beans after making 15, washing water of rice 10, attapulgite 70, EM fermenting agent 3, urea 10, zinc sulfate 4, ammonium phosphate 10, saleratus 18, ammonium molybdate 3, magnesium chloride 7, vermiculite power 12, lime powder 20, bone meal 3, coating agent 5 and appropriate water;

Described coating agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Vinylstyrene 1, calcium oxide 6, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin 3, Virahol 6, bamboo charcoal powder 5, acetic acid 2, glycerine 1, limestone powder 10, Potassium Persulphate 0.5 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: water dilution Virahol being added 3 ~ 4 times, add Vinylstyrene, glycerine, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin and Potassium Persulphate again, heated and stirred is dissolved, mixed oxidization calcium, starch, acetic acid and limestone powder, being added in previous solu and stirring into emulsion, final drying is concentrated obtained.

A preparation method for multilayer slow-release function fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) will straw and maize straw mixing tofu slag, washing water of rice, attapulgite and the groundnut meal of powder be ground into, and add the EM fermenting agent of 10 times of dilutions, mix rear adjustment water content about 40% thoroughly, ferment 15 ~ 20 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) quartz powder is broken into the particle of 40 order sizes, is added in the fermentation material described in (1), mix and the furnishing pasty state that adds water, for subsequent use;

(3) mixing urea, zinc sulfate, ammonium phosphate, saleratus, ammonium molybdate and magnesium chloride, add the water of 5 ~ 6 times of total weight parts, heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min dissolves, then vermiculite power, lime powder, bone meal and other following remaining component do not related to is admixed, furnishing homogenate, preliminary granulation after drying dehydration;

(4) particle of (3) is put in coating machine, coating agent is sprayed on the fertilizer slug particle surface in motion at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, more logical warm air drying 10 ~ 15min, the fermentation material finally again described in coated one deck (2), accounts for about 60% of total amount, dries.

Multilayer Slow release organic fertilizer of the present invention is used for plant spinach experiment, select 5 mu of planting bases, at spinach plantlet stage fertilising 200 ~ 300 Kg/ mus, as experimental group, 5 mu of spinach planting requirement fertilising routinely of control group, other condition is identical, experiment proves, the spinach color and luster of experimental group plantation and output are all better than the spinach of control group, greatly reduce the use of manpower and materials simultaneously, owing to using organic fermented ingredient, be more received by the market, the average volume increase 12.9% of mu, saves Financial cost 23.7% on year-on-year basis.

Claims (2)

1. a multilayer slow-release function is fertile, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: quartzite 30 ~ 40, groundnut meal 40 ~ 60, straw 45 ~ 60, maize straw 20 ~ 30, residue from beans after making 15 ~ 25, washing water of rice 10 ~ 16, attapulgite 55 ~ 70, EM fermenting agent 2 ~ 3, urea 10 ~ 14, zinc sulfate 4 ~ 6, ammonium phosphate 7 ~ 10, saleratus 14 ~ 18, ammonium molybdate 3 ~ 5, magnesium chloride 5 ~ 7, vermiculite power 12 ~ 16, lime powder 15 ~ 20, bone meal 3 ~ 5, coating agent 5 ~ 7 and appropriate water;

Described coating agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Vinylstyrene 1 ~ 2, calcium oxide 4 ~ 6, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin 3 ~ 5, Virahol 6 ~ 9, bamboo charcoal powder 3 ~ 5, acetic acid 2 ~ 4, glycerine 1 ~ 2, limestone powder 8 ~ 10, Potassium Persulphate 0.5 ~ 1 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: water dilution Virahol being added 3 ~ 4 times, add Vinylstyrene, glycerine, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin and Potassium Persulphate again, heated and stirred is dissolved, mixed oxidization calcium, starch, acetic acid and limestone powder, being added in previous solu and stirring into emulsion, final drying is concentrated obtained.

2. the preparation method of a kind of multilayer slow-release function fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) will straw and maize straw mixing tofu slag, washing water of rice, attapulgite and the groundnut meal of powder be ground into, and add the EM fermenting agent of 10 times of dilutions, mix rear adjustment water content about 40% thoroughly, ferment 15 ~ 20 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) quartz powder is broken into the particle of 40 order sizes, is added in the fermentation material described in (1), mix and the furnishing pasty state that adds water, for subsequent use;

(3) mixing urea, zinc sulfate, ammonium phosphate, saleratus, ammonium molybdate and magnesium chloride, add the water of 5 ~ 6 times of total weight parts, heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min dissolves, then vermiculite power, lime powder, bone meal and other following remaining component do not related to is admixed, furnishing homogenate, preliminary granulation after drying dehydration;

(4) particle of (3) is put in coating machine, coating agent is sprayed on the fertilizer slug particle surface in motion at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, more logical warm air drying 10 ~ 15min, the fermentation material finally again described in coated one deck (2), accounts for about 60% of total amount, dries.