CN104892223A - High-efficiency slow-release fertilizer for peanut cultivation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to high-efficiency slow-release fertilizer for peanut cultivation and a preparation method thereof. Peanuts are suitable to be cultivated in soft soil which is rich in organic matters and has a good water-retaining property. According to the characteristic, the fertilizer employs various soil conditioners such as shell powder, diatomite and medical stone powder; a compound organic fermented matter is used as a coating ingredient of fertilizer particles; inner cores are made from a chemical mineral ingredient coated with a coating agent which is mainly made from resin; after entering soil, resin degrades slowly to form a porous structure to slowly release interior mineral elements, so that frequent fertilization is avoided; since peanuts need water but are not tolerant of water and waterlogging can affect air permeability, fine-pored silica gel is added, and the fine-pored silica gel can be used for homogenate grinding and can also adsorb water vapor after entering soil; improved soil becomes loose so as to facilitate the expansion growth of peanuts and increase the yield.

Description

A kind of efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to the fertile technology field of slow-release function of peanut cultivation in fertilizer.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer is that material maximum in agriculture production drops into, statistical information according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO shows, in raising per unit area yield, chemical fertilizer accounts for 40 ~ 60% to volume increase role, but the production time shows, due to the impact of fertilizers for potted flowers material nature and edatope condition and agricultural measures etc., chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is very low.China because of fertilizer nutrient utilization low caused nutrients resource waste very surprising, China produces every year according to statistics, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer used is about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the this season utilization ratio of its fertilizer only uses 30 ~ 50%, accumulative utilization ratio is 45 ~ 60%, and the direct economic loss caused because of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is amounted to Renminbi and reached 239.4 hundred million yuan.The problem of environmental pollution how to improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reducing because improper fertilization causes, Sustainable development high-efficiency agriculture has become the problem that countries in the world are paid close attention to jointly, since 20 century 70s, the research of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and utilization have become the focus of world fertilizer research, slow/controlled release technology is from the inorganics coating large grain carbon ammonium technology of exploratory stage and fertile bag fertilizer technology, develop into the resin packaging technique of present stage, present stage coated with resin technology.

Organic fertilizer is rich in the nutritive substance needed for organic substance and plant growth, can not only provide nutrient needed for plant growth, improvement soil, can also crop quality be improved, improve crop yield, promote high crop yield stable yields, preservation of fertility, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer simultaneously, reduces production cost.Abundant Appropriate application organic fertilizer can increase crop yield, culture fertility, improves quality of agricultural product, improve the validity of soil nutrient.Therefore; organic fertilizer is applied in China; meet the requirement of " Accelerating The Construction resource-conserving and environment-friendly society "; promotion agricultural and resource, Agriculture and Environment and harmony between man and nature close friend are developed; promote agricultural product security, cleaner production from source, preserve the ecological environment all significant.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, the free of contamination demand that is organic, green food of safety of residents health constantly increases, and vast farmers improves the market competitiveness of agricultural-food in the urgent need to application of organic fertilizers.

Summary of the invention

A kind of efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30 ~ 40, leaf sheath fibres of Fortune Windmillpalm 10 ~ 15, lotus pool mud 10 ~ 15, chicken manure 35 ~ 50, oyster shell whiting 8 ~ 14, straw 15 ~ 20, diatomite 20 ~ 25, Kiselgel A 5 ~ 8, maifanite powder 5 ~ 10, EM bacterium liquid 3 ~ 4, manganous sulfate 6 ~ 8, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 12 ~ 16, sodium alginate 5 ~ 7, urea 10 ~ 14, potash fertilizer 8 ~ 12, potassium primary phosphate 7 ~ 10, plant ash 15 ~ 20, limestone powder 5 ~ 10, coating agent 3 ~ 4 and appropriate water;

Described coating agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Vinylstyrene 1 ~ 2, calcium oxide 4 ~ 6, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin 3 ~ 5, Virahol 6 ~ 9, bamboo charcoal powder 3 ~ 5, acetic acid 2 ~ 4, glycerine 1 ~ 2, limestone powder 8 ~ 10, Potassium Persulphate 0.5 ~ 1 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: water dilution Virahol being added 3 ~ 4 times, add Vinylstyrene, glycerine, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin and Potassium Persulphate again, heated and stirred is dissolved, mixed oxidization calcium, starch, acetic acid and limestone powder, being added in previous solu and stirring into emulsion, final drying is concentrated obtained.

A preparation method for efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) mix Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, leaf sheath fibres of Fortune Windmillpalm, chicken manure and straw, through tentatively pulverizing, spraying the EM bacterium liquid of 10 times, use water dilution, mixing rear adjustment water content about 40% thoroughly, heap fermentation 20 ~ 22 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) Kiselgel A is added in the fermentation material described in (1), grinds to form homogenate, add suitable quantity of water, maifanite powder, oyster shell whiting and diatomite furnishing pasty state afterwards, as outsourcing composition;

(3) mix manganous sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium alginate, urea, potash fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate and other following remaining component do not related to, add the water heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min of 4 ~ 6 times, then admix plant ash and limestone powder, preliminary granulation after dry;

(4) particle of (3) is put in coating machine, coating agent is sprayed on the fertiliser granulates surface in motion at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, more logical warm air drying 10 ~ 15min, finally the outsourcing uniform composition of (2) is wrapped in particle surface, dries.

Advantage of the present invention: it is soft that peanut cultivation is suitable for soil property, good water-retaining property, organic abundant soil, according to this feature, the present invention selects multiple as oyster shell whiting, diatomite, the soil improvement agents such as maifanite powder, composite organic fermented material is used as the outsourcing composition of fertiliser granulates, inner core is the chemical mineral constituents of the main coating agent bag quilt made by resin, resin is slowly degraded after entering soil layer and is formed the inner mineral element of vesicular structure slow releasing, avoid frequent fertilising, peanut needs water but not water-fast, cross flood and affect ventilation property, so add Kiselgel A here, one may be used for defibrination, moreover its enter soil layer after can adsorb steam, after improvement, the soil is porous is conducive to peanut and expands growth, improve output.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 40, leaf sheath fibres of Fortune Windmillpalm 15, lotus pool mud 12, chicken manure 40, oyster shell whiting 10, straw 20, diatomite 20, Kiselgel A 5, maifanite powder 8, EM bacterium liquid 3, manganous sulfate 8, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 12, sodium alginate 5, urea 10, potash fertilizer 10, potassium primary phosphate 10, plant ash 15, limestone powder 6, coating agent 3 and appropriate water;

Described coating agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Vinylstyrene 1, calcium oxide 5, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin 5, Virahol 8, bamboo charcoal powder 3, acetic acid 2, glycerine 1, limestone powder 8, Potassium Persulphate 1 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: water dilution Virahol being added 3 ~ 4 times, add Vinylstyrene, glycerine, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin and Potassium Persulphate again, heated and stirred is dissolved, mixed oxidization calcium, starch, acetic acid and limestone powder, being added in previous solu and stirring into emulsion, final drying is concentrated obtained.

A preparation method for efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) mix Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, leaf sheath fibres of Fortune Windmillpalm, chicken manure and straw, through tentatively pulverizing, spraying the EM bacterium liquid of 10 times, use water dilution, mixing rear adjustment water content about 40% thoroughly, heap fermentation 20 ~ 22 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) Kiselgel A is added in the fermentation material described in (1), grinds to form homogenate, add suitable quantity of water, maifanite powder, oyster shell whiting and diatomite furnishing pasty state afterwards, as outsourcing composition;

(3) mix manganous sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium alginate, urea, potash fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate and other following remaining component do not related to, add the water heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min of 4 ~ 6 times, then admix plant ash and limestone powder, preliminary granulation after dry;

(4) particle of (3) is put in coating machine, coating agent is sprayed on the fertiliser granulates surface in motion at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, more logical warm air drying 10 ~ 15min, finally the outsourcing uniform composition of (2) is wrapped in particle surface, dries.

Efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer of the present invention is used for planting peanut experiment, select 5 mu of planting bases, use fertilizer of the present invention, as experimental group, common fertilizer executed by 5 mu of peanuts of control group routinely planting requirement, other condition is identical, experiment proves, the peanut color and luster of experimental group plantation and output are all better than the peanut of control group, greatly reduce the use of manpower and materials simultaneously, avoid fertilizer wasting phenomenon, owing to using organic fermented ingredient, more be received by the market, mu on average increases production 14.4%, on year-on-year basis economic raising 20.9%.

Claims (2)

1. an efficient peanut plantation slow release fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30 ~ 40, leaf sheath fibres of Fortune Windmillpalm 10 ~ 15, lotus pool mud 10 ~ 15, chicken manure 35 ~ 50, oyster shell whiting 8 ~ 14, straw 15 ~ 20, diatomite 20 ~ 25, Kiselgel A 5 ~ 8, maifanite powder 5 ~ 10, EM bacterium liquid 3 ~ 4, manganous sulfate 6 ~ 8, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 12 ~ 16, sodium alginate 5 ~ 7, urea 10 ~ 14, potash fertilizer 8 ~ 12, potassium primary phosphate 7 ~ 10, plant ash 15 ~ 20, limestone powder 5 ~ 10, coating agent 3 ~ 4 and appropriate water;

Described coating agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Vinylstyrene 1 ~ 2, calcium oxide 4 ~ 6, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin 3 ~ 5, Virahol 6 ~ 9, bamboo charcoal powder 3 ~ 5, acetic acid 2 ~ 4, glycerine 1 ~ 2, limestone powder 8 ~ 10, Potassium Persulphate 0.5 ~ 1 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: water dilution Virahol being added 3 ~ 4 times, add Vinylstyrene, glycerine, terpolycyantoamino-formaldehyde resin and Potassium Persulphate again, heated and stirred is dissolved, mixed oxidization calcium, starch, acetic acid and limestone powder, being added in previous solu and stirring into emulsion, final drying is concentrated obtained.

2. a kind of efficient peanut plants the preparation method of slow release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) mix Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, leaf sheath fibres of Fortune Windmillpalm, chicken manure and straw, through tentatively pulverizing, spraying the EM bacterium liquid of 10 times, use water dilution, mixing rear adjustment water content about 40% thoroughly, heap fermentation 20 ~ 22 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) Kiselgel A is added in the fermentation material described in (1), grinds to form homogenate, add suitable quantity of water, maifanite powder, oyster shell whiting and diatomite furnishing pasty state afterwards, as outsourcing composition;

(3) mix manganous sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium alginate, urea, potash fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate and other following remaining component do not related to, add the water heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min of 4 ~ 6 times, then admix plant ash and limestone powder, preliminary granulation after dry;

(4) particle of (3) is put in coating machine, coating agent is sprayed on the fertiliser granulates surface in motion at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, more logical warm air drying 10 ~ 15min, finally the outsourcing uniform composition of (2) is wrapped in particle surface, dries.