CN104446865A

CN104446865A - Pear tree planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN104446865A
Application number: CN201410492583.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王文庭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-09-24
Filing date: 2014-09-24
Publication date: 2015-03-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a pear tree planting controlled-release fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of seaweed meal, 25-30 parts of bean pulp, 20-24 parts of tobacco powder, 25-28 parts of ash wood, 50-70 parts of rice straws, 65-80 parts of maize straws, 2-3 parts of EM biological agent, 12-14 parts of quartz stone powder, 8-12 parts of urea, 8-10 parts of biammonium carbonate, 6-7 parts of potassium nitrate, 7-8 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4-5 parts of calcium chloride, 7-9 parts of borax, 8-12 parts of alkyd resin, 2-3 parts of propyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5-6 parts of cross-linking agent and a proper amount of water. According to the controlled-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention, organic wastes serve as basic raw materials, nitrogen is particularly added to meet the special requirement of pear trees on the nitrogen fertilizer, the chemical components and resins are combined by utilizing solidification of the resins and cross-linking agents, and finally resin granules are prepared to be mixed in organic matters, so that the concentration change degradation rate of the cross-linking agents and resins can be controlled, the controlled release aim is achieved, and the fertilization frequency is reduced.

Description

A kind of pear tree plantation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of pear tree plantation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to the Technology field of pear tree release and release control fertilizer in fertilizer.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer is that material maximum in agriculture production drops into, statistical information according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO shows, in raising per unit area yield, chemical fertilizer accounts for 40 ~ 60% to volume increase role, but the production time shows, due to the impact of fertilizers for potted flowers material nature and edatope condition and agricultural measures etc., chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is very low.China because of fertilizer nutrient utilization low caused nutrients resource waste very surprising, China produces every year according to statistics, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer used is about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the this season utilization ratio of its fertilizer only uses 30 ~ 50%, accumulative utilization ratio is 45 ~ 60%, and the direct economic loss caused because of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is amounted to Renminbi and reached 239.4 hundred million yuan.The problem of environmental pollution how to improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reducing because improper fertilization causes, Sustainable development high-efficiency agriculture has become the problem that countries in the world are paid close attention to jointly, since 20 century 70s, the research of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and utilization have become the focus of world fertilizer research, slow/controlled release technology is from the inorganics coating large grain carbon ammonium technology of exploratory stage and fertile bag fertilizer technology, develop into the resin packaging technique of present stage, present stage coated with resin technology.

(1) sulfur-coated urea technology

(2) solvent type resin packaging technique: at high temperature with olefin hydrocarbons thermoplasticity resins such as organic solvent dissolution recycled plastics, then sprays pneumatic vulcanization tower class and is evenly coated on the granulated fertilizer surface such as urea, composite fertilizer the end of at by it.

(3) water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique, the technology of water soluble resin, fat-soluble water quality surface reaction film forming and amplification thereof and transitional technology, water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique have been used to release and release control fertilizer suitability for industrialized production.

Synolac: by the oily modified polyester resin of polyvalent alcohol, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride and lipid acid or oil (fatty acid triglyceride) condensation polymerization.By number and the structure of double bond in lipid acid (or oil) molecule, can be divided into dryness, semi-drying and non-dryness three class, dry alkyd resin can solidify in atmosphere; Non-dry alkyd resin then will mix with aminoresin, could solidify through heating, in addition also can by the content of lipid acid used (or oil) or Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, be divided into short, in, grow and extremely grow the Synolac of four kinds of oil content.After Synolac film-forming, glossy and toughness, strong adhesion, and there are good wear resistance, weathering resistance and insulativity etc.

(1) drying oil alkyd resin: by the Synolac of high unsaturated fatty acid or oil and fat preparation, can from dry or oven drying at low temperature, solvent No. 200 solvent oils.Such Synolac is by oxidation cross-linked drying and forming-film, and in a sense, the Synolac of oxidation drying is alternatively a kind of siccative oil of modification.The drying of siccative oil paint film needs for a long time, and reason is that their relative molecular mass is lower, needs polystep reaction could form crosslinked macromole.The oil that Synolac is equivalent to " macromole ", only need a little cross-linking set, can make drying varniss, paint film property also far exceedes siccative oil certainly.

(2) non-drying oil alkyd resin: can not film forming in atmosphere separately, belongs to non-oxide drying and forming-film, mainly makes softening agent and polyhydroxylated polymer (oil).Can baking finish be prepared with aminoresin as during hydroxy component or prepare two-pack self-drying paint with polyisocyanate curing agent.

Methylene-bisacrylamide is used for the production of High hydrophilous resin, High hydrophilous resin can be used for producing sanitary product, water-absorbent is splendid, also can be used for the production of agriculture water-holding agent, by potato starch and acrylamide using methylene-bisacrylamide as linking agent, under the effect of initiator, hydrolysis obtains High hydrophilous resin.

Tributyl citrate (TBC) is a kind of good environment-friendly plasticizer, lubricant, under normal temperature for nontoxic, have fruital taste, colourless transparent oil liquid, boiling point 170 DEG C (133.3Pa), flash-point (opening cup) 185 DEG C, be dissolved in most organic solvent, volatility is little, good with the consistency of resin, plasticizing efficiency is high, is allowed for food product pack and health care goods in countries such as America and Europes, and the industry such as the soft toy of children, pharmacy, medical product, essence and flavoring agent, makeup manufacture.

Summary of the invention

A kind of pear tree plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: seaweed powder 30 ~ 35, dregs of beans 25 ~ 30, tobacco end 20 ~ 24, ash wood 25 ~ 28, rice straw 50 ~ 70, maize straw 65 ~ 80, EM bacteria agent 2 ~ 3, quartz powder 12 ~ 14, urea 8 ~ 12, carbonic acid two ammonium 8 ~ 10, saltpetre 6 ~ 7, phosphate fertilizer 7 ~ 8, calcium chloride 4 ~ 5, borax 7 ~ 9, Synolac 8 ~ 12, propyl alcohol 2 ~ 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3 ~ 4, linking agent 5 ~ 6 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2 ~ 3, tributyl citrate 3 ~ 5, colophonium powder 2 ~ 3, green cucumber wood powder 5 ~ 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 1 ~ 2, ethanol 4 ~ 5, lac powder 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

A preparation method for pear tree plantation release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) super-fine powder after seaweed powder, dregs of beans, tobacco end, ash wood, rice straw and maize straw combination drying is broken into the powder about 80 orders, then the EM bacteria agent with the dilution of 10 times, water is added, adjustment water content about 35% after mixing, temperature 36 ~ 42 DEG C, ferment 15 ~ 17 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) mixing urea, carbonic acid diamines, saltpetre, phosphate fertilizer, calcium chloride and borax, add 5 ~ 6 times to the water post-heating stirring and dissolving of its gross weight, add Synolac, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, propyl alcohol, linking agent and other following remaining component do not related to afterwards, continue heated and stirred 10 ~ 15min;

(3) quartz powder is added in the mixing solutions described in (2), heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, naturally cooling after coagulation, be then ground into 20 order left and right resin particles;

(4) mix the fermentation material of (1) and the resin particle of (3), adjust the rear granulation of water content about 20%.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: release and release control fertilizer of the present invention is for basic raw material with organic waste rejected material, after fermentation, add Inorganic chemical composition make, as the organic fertilizer that a kind of Nutrition Soil is spreaded manuer in holes, the NPK of chemical composition is the same can not be lacked, only as the particular requirement of pear tree to nitrogenous fertilizer, specially nitrogen element is added, utilize the solidification of resin and linking agent, by chemical composition and resin-bonded, finally make arborescens particle, be mingled in organic matter, the concentration that can control linking agent and resin changes degradation rate, reach the object of controlled release, reduce fertilizer application frequency, particulate resins also has water suction, effect of water conservation, secondly, the ventilation property of meta-acid hydrophobic soil demand when considering that pear tree is planted, the present invention specially shortens the fermentation time of stalk and husk, retains a part of fiber architecture, plays the effect of three-dimensional bracket, and the dredging for moisture is also just right.

Embodiment

A kind of pear tree plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: seaweed powder 32, dregs of beans 28, tobacco end 24, ash wood 28, rice straw 60, maize straw 70, EM bacteria agent 3, quartz powder 14, urea 10, carbonic acid two ammonium 10, saltpetre 6, phosphate fertilizer 8, calcium chloride 4, borax 7, Synolac 11, propyl alcohol 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3, linking agent 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 3, tributyl citrate 3, colophonium powder 2, green cucumber wood powder 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 2, ethanol 4, lac powder 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

Release and release control fertilizer of the present invention is mixed as Nutrition Soil with the ratio of subsoil using 1: 3 of planting pit during plantation, in planting pit on average every 8 ~ 10Kg release of pear tree seedling, within average 1 year later, execute this fertilizer once, a 4 ~ 5Kg, other mends spraying fertilizer by pear tree normal growth situation, this method is as experimental group, fertilising requirement when control group is planted according to a conventional method, result shows: experimental group reduces the usage quantity of in the future topdressing, no matter be the sturdy degree of fruit colour and limb, experimental group is obviously better than the control group of applying fertilizer routinely, per mu yield increases by 16.4%, economy rises 27.3% on year-on-year basis.

Claims

1. a pear tree plantation release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: seaweed powder 30 ~ 35, dregs of beans 25 ~ 30, tobacco end 20 ~ 24, ash wood 25 ~ 28, rice straw 50 ~ 70, maize straw 65 ~ 80, EM bacteria agent 2 ~ 3, quartz powder 12 ~ 14, urea 8 ~ 12, carbonic acid two ammonium 8 ~ 10, saltpetre 6 ~ 7, phosphate fertilizer 7 ~ 8, calcium chloride 4 ~ 5, borax 7 ~ 9, Synolac 8 ~ 12, propyl alcohol 2 ~ 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3 ~ 4, linking agent 5 ~ 6 and appropriate water;

2. a kind of pear tree plants the preparation method of release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising following step: