CN104311203A - Water and fertilizer integrated special fertilizer for corn and application method thereof - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer integrated special fertilizer for corn and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104311203A CN104311203A CN201410455319.3A CN201410455319A CN104311203A CN 104311203 A CN104311203 A CN 104311203A CN 201410455319 A CN201410455319 A CN 201410455319A CN 104311203 A CN104311203 A CN 104311203A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water and fertilizer integrated special fertilizer for corn and an application method thereof. The corn special fertilizer comprises seedling emergence special fertilizer, ear period special fertilizer, and flowering period special fertilizer; and the three special fertilizers all comprises the following components: urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, chelated zinc, boric acid, chelated manganese, chelated magnesium, chelated iron, and chelated copper. The fertilizer is developed on the basis of rules of corn nutrient needs, different fertilizer formulas are adopted in different growth periods, and thus the pertinence is strong. Moreover, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphate to potassium is reasonable, the massive nutrient requirements in different growth period of corn can be met by the fertilizer, at the same time, trace elements are added to balance the nutrients in the fertilizer, the fertilizer utilization rate becomes higher, the corn yield is prominently improved, and the goal of increasing output is achieved. All the nutrients in the fertilizer are quick-acting nutrients, the water solubility of the fertilizer is good, and the fertilizer property is stable, so the fertilizer will not obstruct the nozzle during the drop irrigation process when the fertilizer is used in drop irrigation, the fertilizer and water are saved, and thus the fertilizer is suitable for promotion and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, also relate to a kind of application process of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer simultaneously.
Background technology
The populous nation that China is a shortage of water resources, water resources spatial and temporal distributions is uneven, fertilizer consumption is comparatively large, agricultural water fertilizer resource utilization is lower and large agricultural country.Under limited resources condition, the yield increasing effect making full use of liquid manure improves grain yield and has great importance to China's agricultural development.Corn is important grain, feed and the insutrial crop of China, in guarantee national food security, have vital role.But, the raising of China's corn yield potentiality is obvious by weather effect, the particularly restriction of precipitation condition, Fertilization Effect make it cannot give play to due effect by factors such as water resources condition affect, have fluctuation during corn yield, this is the outstanding factor affecting maize sown area, peasant income and even national food security.Therefore be badly in need of the Novel irrigation fertilizer practice exploring suitable field corn production, to improve the utilising efficiency of corn to liquid manure resource, actively promote Maize Production development.
The Integration of Water into Fertilizer to be irrigated and the new agricultural technology combined together that applies fertilizer, it is by pressure system (or landform natural-drop), by soluble solids or liquid fertilizer, by regulation of fertilizer requirement and the feature of soil nutrient content and crop species, the solution dissolved is together with irrigation water, by controlled pipeline system water supply, fertilizer, after liquid manure is melted mutually, drip irrigation is formed by pipeline and water dropper, evenly, regularly, quantitatively infiltrate crop root development growth region, make the water content that main root soil remains loose and suitable.
The Integration of Water into Fertilizer has water saving feature, can reduce deep percolation and the evaporation of moisture, thus reduces water consumption, improves the utilising efficiency of irrigation water; The Integration of Water into Fertilizer also has the fertile feature of joint, by applying fertilizer in water-pouring process, can realize balance fertilizing and concentrating fertilising, can reduce fertilizer volatilization and run off, and reducing the excessive injury to crop of rate of fertilizer.Along with the development of the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, its field corn produce in application also more and more extensive.But the irrational use of this technology also can bring problems to Maize Production, such as: the nutrient formula of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer is unreasonable, provide the phenomenons such as the special fertilizer of Different Nutrients needed for each etap, Term Fertilization period and liquid manure ratio are unreasonable more outstanding according to field corn nutrient requirement characteristics, can say that fertilizer and problem of using thereof affect the Integration of Water into Fertilizer to apply in Maize Production and universal key issue, but prior art could not address this problem.
In prior art, patent CN102358709B discloses a kind of winter wheat water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, and its raw material is urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium humate, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, amino acid; Carried out the supply of wheat liquid manure by the mode of sprinkling irrigation, the effect making the remarkable increasing both production and income of wheat can be reached; But due to wheat and corn morphological specificity, grow and liquid manure demand rule different, the material composition that this technology proposes, nutrients ratio and the fertilizing method based on sprinkling irrigation are not suitable for field corn and produce.Patent CN103724063A discloses a kind of corn drip irrigation Water-soluble fertilizer special, CN103553750A discloses a kind of Corn acidic solid drip irrigation fertilizer, the corn Changing Pattern of each breeding time to nutrient demand that both have no basis provides solution targetedly, all do not relate to the aspect such as Dressing date, amount of application, application process of fertilizer, corn water-fertilizer integral can not be advantageously applied to and produce yet.Patent CN102964163B discloses a kind of fruit corn drip irrigation special fertilizer, by seedling stage special fertilizer, fringe phase special fertilizer and flower grain phase special fertilizer form, and are adopt different fertilizer formula for fruit corn different growing stages; But, fruit corn is as a kind of super sweet special corn being applicable to eating something rare, its nutrient demand characteristic and harvest time and conventional corn have bigger difference, and its product quality criterion is also different from conventional corn, and therefore the inapplicable conventional corn water-fertilizer integral of this drip irrigation special fertilizer is produced.
Therefore, play the yield potential of corn water-fertilizer integral, reach the object of the fertile water saving of joint, just must according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of corn different growing, develop the dedicated fertilizer of nutritive element reasonable ratio, stable in properties, good water solubility, suitable water-fertilizer integral application targetedly, and the application process of science is provided, just can reach the object of increasing both production and income.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, solve existing corn water-fertilizer integral fertilizer specific aim not strong, the fertile water saving of joint and the unconspicuous problem of the effect of increasing income.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application process of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, comprises special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer;
Described special fertilizer of emerging, comprises the component of following parts by weight:
50 ~ 55 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 18 ~ 20 parts, 16 ~ 18 parts, Repone K, chelated zinc 3 ~ 3.5 parts, boric acid 1.4 ~ 1.6 parts, Chelated Manganese 1.1 ~ 1.3 parts, chelated magnesium 2.2 ~ 2.4 parts, chelated iron 2.2 ~ 2.4 parts, chelated copper 0.5 ~ 0.7 part;
Described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight:
45 ~ 50 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 24 ~ 26 parts, 17 ~ 23 parts, Repone K, chelated zinc 2 ~ 2.5 parts, boric acid 1.5 ~ 2.1 parts, Chelated Manganese 0.8 ~ 1.0 part, chelated magnesium 1.6 ~ 2.1 parts, chelated iron 1.7 ~ 2.1 parts, chelated copper 0.4 ~ 0.6 part;
Described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight:
45 ~ 48 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 19 ~ 23 parts, 23 ~ 26 parts, Repone K, chelated zinc 1 ~ 1.2 part, boric acid 2.0 ~ 2.3 parts, Chelated Manganese 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, chelated magnesium 1.0 ~ 1.6 parts, chelated iron 1.2 ~ 1.6 parts, chelated copper 0.3 ~ 0.5 part.
Describedly be chelated to EDTA chelating.
Described special fertilizer of emerging, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 53 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 19 parts, 17 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 3.1 parts, boric acid 1.5 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 1.2 parts, EDTA chelated magnesium 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.6 part.
Described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 47 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 25 parts, 19 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 2.1 parts, boric acid 1.8 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.9 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.8 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.9 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.5 part.
Described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 47 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 21 parts, 25 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 1.1 parts, boric acid 2.2 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.7 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.3 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.4 part.
Wherein, in described urea, the mass percentage of N is 46.4%; In diammonium phosphate, the mass percentage of N is 18.0%, P
2o
5mass percentage be 46.0%; K in Repone K
2the mass percentage of O is 60.0%.
The preparation method of described corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer is: get after each component raw material pulverizes respectively, sieve, after mixing by corresponding parts by weight, special fertilizer of must emerging respectively, fringe phase special fertilizer and flower grain phase special fertilizer, to obtain final product.
Described sieving referred to 40 mesh sieves.
An application process for above-mentioned corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1) use special fertilizer of emerging: after corn seeding, adopt drip irrigation, every 667m
2special fertilizer 5 ~ 8kg of emerging is used in field;
2) fringe phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively at corn litmus mouth phase, typhon mouth phase, tasseling stage, every 667m
2fringe phase special fertilizer 8 ~ 12kg, 10 ~ 14kg, 10 ~ 14kg are used in field;
3) colored grain phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively in corn filling stage, milk stage, every 667m
2colored grain phase special fertilizer 8 ~ 12kg, 4 ~ 8kg are used in field.
Preferably, use when emerging special fertilizer, every 667m
2special fertilizer 6 ~ 7kg of emerging is used in field; When using fringe phase special fertilizer, respectively at corn litmus mouth phase, typhon mouth phase, tasseling stage, every 667m
2fringe phase special fertilizer 9 ~ 11kg, 11 ~ 12kg, 11 ~ 12kg are used in field; When using colored grain phase special fertilizer, respectively in corn filling stage, milk stage, every 667m
2colored grain phase special fertilizer 9 ~ 11kg, 5 ~ 7kg are used in field.
Special fertilizer used, when using, is first dissolved in water and makes liquid fertilizer by described corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, then liquid fertilizer is injected droping irrigating pipe and carry out fertigation; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L.
Use when emerging special fertilizer, every 667m
2the field drip irrigation water yield is 28 ~ 32m
3; When using fringe phase special fertilizer or flower grain phase special fertilizer, every 667m
2the field drip irrigation water yield is 18 ~ 22m
3.
Use when emerging special fertilizer, first with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/2nd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by special fertilizer of emerging injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time.
When using fringe phase special fertilizer or flower grain phase special fertilizer, first with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer that fringe phase special fertilizer or flower grain phase special fertilizer are made is injected droping irrigating pipe, carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time.
Corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present invention, comprises special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer, the urea that this three kinds of special fertilizers are measured by difference respectively, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, chelated zinc, boric acid, Chelated Manganese, chelated magnesium, chelated iron, chelated copper is composite to be formed, be according to corn, the demand rule of nutrient is developed, adopt different fertilizer formula at corn different growth stage, with strong points; N P and K reasonable ratio, meet the different growth and development stage of corn to the demand of a large amount of nutrient, suitably with the addition of trace element, serve the effect of balance fertilizing, fertilizer utilization efficiency is higher, and can significantly improve corn yield, reaches the object of increasing both production and income simultaneously; The all nutrients of this corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer are quick-acting nutrient, good water solubility, stable in properties, suitable water-fertilizer integral application; Combine with drip irrigation, can not blocking dropping head in drip irrigation process, there is the advantage of the fertile water saving of joint, be applicable to applying.
The application process of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present invention, uses a certain amount of special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer respectively in corn different growing, every 667m
2corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present invention 45 ~ 68kg is used in field, compared with traditional fertilization mode, corn yield 9.4% ~ 22.1% can be increased, save fertilizer 8.8% ~ 26.4%, in conjunction with drip irrigation system universal trend at home and the general principle of National agricultural cost-saving synergistic, its market outlook are quite wide; Operated by this water-fertilizer integral method, repeatedly apply fertilizer on a small quantity, make liquid manure supply and corn liquid manure demand rule substantially identical, corn whole breeding time can be met to the lasting demand of nutrient, effectively alleviate in production the Maize in Earlier Stage over growth, the later stage that generally adopt " one bombards " formula apply fertilizer to cause take off fertile early ageing, fertilizer volatilization leaching loss seriously, the problem such as utilization rate of fertilizer is not high; This application process effectively can promote the application of water-fertilizer integral in Maize Production, reaches water saving (comparatively normal irrigation water saving 31.6%), economizes the object of labor force, convenient operation.
Corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present invention is in application, and using of special fertilizer of emerging efficiently solves the inconsistent problem of emergence of corn growing way, significantly improves corn reguarity, promotes that maize seedling is neat, Miao Jun, Miao Zhuan; Simultaneously, the corn jointing stage fertilising generally carried out in producing is poured water postponement, become and carry out water-fertilizer integral in the corn litmus mouth phase and use fringe phase special fertilizer, prick under can effectively promoting maize root system, improve the Utilization ability to nutrient in deep soil and moisture, reduce corn center of gravity, improve lodging tolerance, be conducive to corn stable yields.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present embodiment, comprises special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer;
Described special fertilizer of emerging, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 51 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 20 parts, 18 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 3.5 parts, boric acid 1.4 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 1.2 parts, EDTA chelated magnesium 2.2 parts, EDTA chelated iron 2.2 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.5 part;
Described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 45 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 24 parts, 23 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 2.0 parts, boric acid 1.5 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.8 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.6 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.7 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.4 part;
Described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 45 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 23 parts, 26 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 1.0 parts, boric acid 2.0 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.5 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.0 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.2 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.3 part.
Above-mentioned each component raw material is commercial goods.
Wherein, in described urea, the mass percentage of N is 46.4%; In diammonium phosphate, the mass percentage of N is 18.0%, P
2o
5mass percentage be 46.0%; K in Repone K
2the mass percentage of O is 60.0%; All the other are pure chemistry raw material.
The preparation method of described corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer is: get after each component raw material pulverizes respectively, cross 40 mesh sieves, after mixing by corresponding parts by weight, special fertilizer of must emerging respectively, fringe phase special fertilizer and flower grain phase special fertilizer, to obtain final product.
The application process of the corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) use special fertilizer of emerging: after corn seeding, adopt drip irrigation, every 667m
2special fertilizer 5kg of emerging is used in field;
The concrete operations of fertilising are: special fertilizer of emerging is dissolved in water makes liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/2nd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by special fertilizer of emerging injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 30m
3;
2) fringe phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively at corn litmus mouth phase, typhon mouth phase, tasseling stage, every 667m
2fringe phase special fertilizer 12kg, 10kg, 10kg is used in field;
The concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by fringe phase special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by fringe phase special fertilizer injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3;
3) colored grain phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively in corn filling stage, milk stage, every 667m
2colored grain phase special fertilizer 8kg, 5kg is used in field;
The concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by flower grain phase special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer that flower grain phase special fertilizer is made is injected droping irrigating pipe, carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3.
Embodiment 2
The corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present embodiment, comprises special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer;
Described special fertilizer of emerging, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 53 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 19 parts, 17 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 3.1 parts, boric acid 1.5 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 1.2 parts, EDTA chelated magnesium 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.6 part;
Described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 47 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 25 parts, 19 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 2.1 parts, boric acid 1.8 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.9 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.8 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.9 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.5 part;
Described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 47 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 21 parts, 25 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 1.1 parts, boric acid 2.2 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.7 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.3 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.4 part.
Above-mentioned each component raw material is commercial goods.
Wherein, in described urea, the mass percentage of N is 46.4%; In diammonium phosphate, the mass percentage of N is 18.0%, P
2o
5mass percentage be 46.0%; K in Repone K
2the mass percentage of O is 60.0%; All the other are pure chemistry raw material.
The preparation method of described corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer is: get after each component raw material pulverizes respectively, cross 40 mesh sieves, after mixing by corresponding parts by weight, special fertilizer of must emerging respectively, fringe phase special fertilizer and flower grain phase special fertilizer, to obtain final product.
The application process of the corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) use special fertilizer of emerging: after corn seeding, adopt drip irrigation, every 667m
2special fertilizer 7kg of emerging is used in field;
Fertilising implement gymnastics conduct: special fertilizer of emerging is dissolved in water makes liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/2nd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by special fertilizer of emerging injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 30m
3;
2) fringe phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively at corn litmus mouth phase, typhon mouth phase, tasseling stage, every 667m
2fringe phase special fertilizer 10kg, 11kg, 12kg is used in field;
The concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by fringe phase special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by fringe phase special fertilizer injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3;
3) colored grain phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively in corn filling stage, milk stage, every 667m
2colored grain phase special fertilizer 10kg, 6kg is used in field;
The concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by flower grain phase special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer that flower grain phase special fertilizer is made is injected droping irrigating pipe, carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3.
Embodiment 3
The corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present embodiment, comprises special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer;
Described special fertilizer of emerging, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 55 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 18 parts, 16 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 3 parts, boric acid 1.4 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 1.2 parts, EDTA chelated magnesium 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 2.4 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.7 part;
Described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 49 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 24 parts, 17 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 2.1 parts, boric acid 2.1 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 1 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 2.1 parts, EDTA chelated iron 2.1 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.6 part;
Described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 48 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 21 parts, 23 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 1.2 parts, boric acid 2.3 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.8 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.6 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.6 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.5 part.
Above-mentioned each component raw material is commercial goods.
Wherein, in described urea, the mass percentage of N is 46.4%; In diammonium phosphate, the mass percentage of N is 18.0%, P
2o
5mass percentage be 46.0%; K in Repone K
2the mass percentage of O is 60.0%; All the other are pure chemistry raw material.
The preparation method of described corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer is: get after each component raw material pulverizes respectively, cross 40 mesh sieves, after mixing by corresponding parts by weight, special fertilizer of must emerging respectively, fringe phase special fertilizer and flower grain phase special fertilizer, to obtain final product.
The application process of the corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) use special fertilizer of emerging: after corn seeding, adopt drip irrigation, every 667m
2special fertilizer 8kg of emerging is used in field;
The concrete operations of fertilising are: special fertilizer of emerging is dissolved in water makes liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/2nd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by special fertilizer of emerging injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 30m
3;
2) fringe phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively at corn litmus mouth phase, typhon mouth phase, tasseling stage, every 667m
2fringe phase special fertilizer 8kg, 14kg, 14kg is used in field;
The concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by fringe phase special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by fringe phase special fertilizer injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3;
3) colored grain phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively in corn filling stage, milk stage, every 667m
2colored grain phase special fertilizer 12kg, 8kg is used in field;
The concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by flower grain phase special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer that flower grain phase special fertilizer is made is injected droping irrigating pipe, carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3.
Experimental example
This experimental example carries out land for growing field crops application test to embodiment 1 ~ 3 gained corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer.
Content of the test is as follows:
Test site: Henan Province's Jiaozuo City;
Test kind: Zheng Dan 958;
Test period: in June, 2011 ~ 2013 year September (3 season);
Test example 1 ~ 3 uses embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 gained corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer respectively, and is undertaken by its corresponding application process.
Wherein, comparative example 1 is the process of peasant habit fertilising+traditional irrigation.Peasant habit fertilising consumption is: corn jointing stage every 667m
2ditch spread 50kg (15-15-15) composite fertilizer+typhon mouth phase every 667m
2spread fertilizer over the fields 25kg urea; Traditional irrigation is: every 667m
2irrigation is emerged water 40m
3+ jointing water 50m
3+ typhon saliva 50m
3+ grouting water 50m
3, irrigation method is large furrow flood irrigation.
Comparative example 2 adopts fruit corn drip irrigation special fertilizer in patent CNCN102964163B disclosed in embodiment 1 and application process thereof, is the optimum embodiment mentioned by this patent.Wherein, the concrete operations of each fertilising are: be dissolved in water by special fertilizer and make liquid fertilizer; First with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by special fertilizer injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L, every 667m
2the total drip irrigation water yield in field is 20m
3.
Comparative example 3 adopts the fruit corn drip irrigation special fertilizer in patent CNCN102964163B disclosed in embodiment 1, is the rate of fertilizer application Adjusted Option of the optimum embodiment mentioned by this patent.Fertilizing method is: at Maize at Seedling Stage, in conjunction with the every 667m of drip irrigation
2use special fertilizer 6.2kg in seedling stage, and point to use for 2 times, administration interval is 12 days; Between corn jointing to heading stage, every 667m
2use fringe phase special fertilizer 29.5kg, and point to use for 4 times, administration interval is 9 days; Blooming at fruit corn weaved silk before milk stage, every 667m
2use colored grain phase special fertilizer 12.4kg, and point to use for 3 times, administration interval is 6 days.The concrete operations of each fertilising are with comparative example 2.
Planting density and other field management measure of each treatment group are all identical.
For preventing the factor impacts such as weather from causing system deviation, testing and carrying out continuously 3 years in same plot, general data contrast is in table 1,2.
The rate of fertilizer application of each special fertilizer of table 1 different treatment group
Table 2 different treatment group rich water consumption and yield comparison table
Data in table 2 are the average data of in June, 2011 ~ 2013 year corn in September 3 Growing season, and in table 2, each process joint fertilizer, water saving and stimulation ratio are the correlation data with comparative example 1.As can be seen from table 1,2, compared with comparative example, the test example 1-3 of embodiment 1-3 gained corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer and application process thereof is adopted on average to save fertilizer (in N P and K) 18.1%, water saving 31.6%, volume increase 17.4%; The comprehensive effect analyzed joint fertilizer, water saving and increase production 3 aspects, test example 1-3 all has significant progress relative to comparative example.Test-results shows, compares with irrigation with traditional fertilization, applies corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present invention and application process, can obviously reduce rate of fertilizer application and irrigation quantity, improves corn yield.
Comparative example 2 is fruit corn drip irrigation special fertilizer preferred embodiment disclosed in patent CN102964163B, but also relate to using of base manure in manure trial disclosed in patent CN102964163B, and it is actual not to be suitable for vast double cropping system corn subsides stubble sowing production, so cannot carry out.In order to eliminate the impact that the main mineral nutrition amount of application of N P and K differs greatly, in adjustment comparative example 2, the amount of application of fruit corn special fertilizer, devises comparative example 3.As can be seen from Table 2, although to save fertile rate higher for comparative example 2, drip irrigation amount is bigger than normal, water-saving rate only has 5.3%, lower by 26.3% than the average water-saving rate of test example 1-3, and corn yield is low, the underproduction 7.7% is compared with irrigation with traditional fertilization, low by 25.1% compared with the average stimulation ratio of test example 1-3.Comparative example 3 drip irrigation number of times is 9 times, to compare water-saving rate lower with traditional fertilization and irrigation, simultaneously because repeatedly use rich water at Maize at Seedling Stage and jointing stage, improve corn height of gravitational center, reduce corn lodging tolerance, comparatively large at corn typhon mouth phase lodging rate, have impact on corn yield, cause stimulation ratio lower.Compared with test example 1-3, comparative example 3 water-saving rate is low by 26.3%, and stimulation ratio is low by 12.2%.Meanwhile, more than test example 1-3 3 times of special fertilizer drip irrigation number of times disclosed in patent CN102964163B, adds artificial and Energy input, adds production cost.Comprehensive analysis can obtain, and corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer of the present invention and application process are more suitable for the practice of field corn water-fertilizer integral, have significant progress relative to comparative example 2 and 3.
Claims (10)
1. a corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer, is characterized in that: comprise special fertilizer of emerging, fringe phase special fertilizer, flower grain phase special fertilizer;
Described special fertilizer of emerging, comprises the component of following parts by weight:
50 ~ 55 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 18 ~ 20 parts, 16 ~ 18 parts, Repone K, chelated zinc 3 ~ 3.5 parts, boric acid 1.4 ~ 1.6 parts, Chelated Manganese 1.1 ~ 1.3 parts, chelated magnesium 2.2 ~ 2.4 parts, chelated iron 2.2 ~ 2.4 parts, chelated copper 0.5 ~ 0.7 part;
Described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight:
45 ~ 50 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 24 ~ 26 parts, 17 ~ 23 parts, Repone K, chelated zinc 2 ~ 2.5 parts, boric acid 1.5 ~ 2.1 parts, Chelated Manganese 0.8 ~ 1.0 part, chelated magnesium 1.6 ~ 2.1 parts, chelated iron 1.7 ~ 2.1 parts, chelated copper 0.4 ~ 0.6 part;
Described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprises the component of following parts by weight:
45 ~ 48 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 19 ~ 23 parts, 23 ~ 26 parts, Repone K, chelated zinc 1 ~ 1.2 part, boric acid 2.0 ~ 2.3 parts, Chelated Manganese 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, chelated magnesium 1.0 ~ 1.6 parts, chelated iron 1.2 ~ 1.6 parts, chelated copper 0.3 ~ 0.5 part.
2. corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in be chelated to EDTA chelating.
3. corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described in emerge special fertilizer, comprise the component of following parts by weight: 53 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 19 parts, 17 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 3.1 parts, boric acid 1.5 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 1.2 parts, EDTA chelated magnesium 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 2.3 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.6 part.
4. corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described fringe phase special fertilizer, comprise the component of following parts by weight: 47 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 25 parts, 19 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 2.1 parts, boric acid 1.8 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.9 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.8 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.9 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.5 part.
5. corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described colored grain phase special fertilizer, comprise the component of following parts by weight: 47 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 21 parts, 25 parts, Repone K, EDTA chelated zinc 1.1 parts, boric acid 2.2 parts, EDTA Chelated Manganese 0.7 part, EDTA chelated magnesium 1.3 parts, EDTA chelated iron 1.3 parts, EDTA chelated copper 0.4 part.
6. an application process for corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) use special fertilizer of emerging: after corn seeding, adopt drip irrigation, every 667m
2special fertilizer 5 ~ 8kg of emerging is used in field;
2) fringe phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively at corn litmus mouth phase, typhon mouth phase, tasseling stage, every 667m
2fringe phase special fertilizer 8 ~ 12kg, 10 ~ 14kg, 10 ~ 14kg are used in field;
3) colored grain phase special fertilizer is used: adopt drip irrigation, respectively in corn filling stage, milk stage, every 667m
2colored grain phase special fertilizer 8 ~ 12kg, 4 ~ 8kg are used in field.
7. the application process of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer is when using, first special fertilizer used is dissolved in water and makes liquid fertilizer, then liquid fertilizer is injected droping irrigating pipe and carry out fertigation; Every 667m
2field liquid fertilizer volume used is no more than 30L.
8. the application process of the corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that: use when emerging special fertilizer, every 667m
2the field drip irrigation water yield is 28 ~ 32m
3; When using fringe phase special fertilizer or flower grain phase special fertilizer, every 667m
2the field drip irrigation water yield is 18 ~ 22m
3.
9. the application process of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that: use when emerging special fertilizer, and first with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/2nd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer made by special fertilizer of emerging injects droping irrigating pipe, and carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/4th of total drip irrigation time.
10. the application process of corn water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that: when using fringe phase special fertilizer or flower grain phase special fertilizer, first with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Then the liquid fertilizer that fringe phase special fertilizer or flower grain phase special fertilizer are made is injected droping irrigating pipe, carry out fertigation, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time; Last again with not filling with containing fertile water droplet, the time length is 1/3rd of total drip irrigation time.
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| CN201410455319.3A CN104311203B (en) | 2014-09-04 | A kind of Semen Maydis water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer and application process thereof |
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| CN104311203A true CN104311203A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104311203B CN104311203B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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| CN105084991A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽宿州昊阳生化肥业有限公司 | Bulk blended fertilizer |
| CN105724185A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-06 | 河南农业大学 | Watering method for corn seedling protection and yield stabilization |
| CN106258144A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 宣威市龙津生物科技有限责任公司 | Herba Erigerontis water-fertilizer integral fertilizing method |
| CN106588490A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-04-26 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Special fertilizer set for corn root zone drip irrigation regulation, and application method thereof |
| CN106818163A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-13 | 吉林省农业科学院 | For the corn water-fertilizer integral fertigation method of semiarid region |
| CN106856958A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of maize mulched drip irrigation water-fertilizer-pesticide integrated cultivation method |
| CN107445697A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-08 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Fertilizer and preparation method thereof is lost in a kind of special control of quick-acting and long-acting corn |
| CN109180289A (en) * | 2018-07-29 | 2019-01-11 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco leaf water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN109275538A (en) * | 2018-07-29 | 2019-01-29 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco planting method improving tobacco leaf coke sweet fragrance |
| CN109438019A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of corn drip irrigation soluble nitrogen potash fertilizer and its method of administration |
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| CN113283717A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-20 | 中国农业大学 | Water-saving technical evaluation method for field irrigation |
| CN114287300A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-08 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for improving growth activity of field crops in early and middle stages of growth |
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| CN105084991A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽宿州昊阳生化肥业有限公司 | Bulk blended fertilizer |
| CN105724185A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-06 | 河南农业大学 | Watering method for corn seedling protection and yield stabilization |
| CN106258144A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 宣威市龙津生物科技有限责任公司 | Herba Erigerontis water-fertilizer integral fertilizing method |
| CN106588490A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-04-26 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Special fertilizer set for corn root zone drip irrigation regulation, and application method thereof |
| CN106818163A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-13 | 吉林省农业科学院 | For the corn water-fertilizer integral fertigation method of semiarid region |
| CN106856958A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of maize mulched drip irrigation water-fertilizer-pesticide integrated cultivation method |
| CN107445697A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-08 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Fertilizer and preparation method thereof is lost in a kind of special control of quick-acting and long-acting corn |
| CN109180289A (en) * | 2018-07-29 | 2019-01-11 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco leaf water-fertilizer integral special fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN109275538A (en) * | 2018-07-29 | 2019-01-29 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco planting method improving tobacco leaf coke sweet fragrance |
| CN109438019A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of corn drip irrigation soluble nitrogen potash fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN111410572A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-14 | 宁夏回族自治区水利科学研究院 | Water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation water-soluble fertilizer for corn and fertilizing method |
| CN113283717A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-20 | 中国农业大学 | Water-saving technical evaluation method for field irrigation |
| CN114287300A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-08 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for improving growth activity of field crops in early and middle stages of growth |
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