CN101786926B - Dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger - Google Patents

Dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger Download PDF

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CN101786926B
CN101786926B CN2010101018678A CN201010101867A CN101786926B CN 101786926 B CN101786926 B CN 101786926B CN 2010101018678 A CN2010101018678 A CN 2010101018678A CN 201010101867 A CN201010101867 A CN 201010101867A CN 101786926 B CN101786926 B CN 101786926B
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ginger
fertilizer
formula fertilizer
zinc
effective chemical
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CN101786926A (en
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李录久
郭熙盛
丁楠
高杰军
王家嘉
姚殿立
吴萍萍
李东平
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Institute of Soil and Fertilizer of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Soil and Fertilizer of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger. The pure nutrient of the water-flush formula fertilizer comprises the following effective chemical elements by weight percentage: 20.0 to 25.0 of nitrogen, 5.0 to 10.0 of phosphorus, 15.0 to 20.0 of potassium, 1.0 to 5.0 of sulfur, 2.0 to 6.0 of calcium, 0.1 to 0.5 of zinc and 0.2 to 1.0 of manganese. The dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer of the invention has the advantages of complete nutrient components and reasonable nutrient ratio, thereby fitting the absorption pattern of nutrient of weak-gluten wheat; the use efficiency of the water-flush formula fertilizer is high, so the invention can significantly promote the growth of weak-gluten wheat, increase the grain yield, increase the economic benefit and improve the quality of weak-gluten wheat; and meanwhile, the adverse environmental effect caused by the improper fertilization of nitrogen fertilizer can be reduced.

Description

A kind of dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural fertilizer field, specifically is a kind of dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger.
Background technology
Ginger is an alpine rush or palm-bark rain cape lotus section per nnial herb; Originate in the tropical rain forest of the southeast, Asia, underground rhizome is plump, contains special compositions such as volatile ginger oil and gingerol; Obvious characteristics is exactly to have special fragrance and pungent; Be one of seasonings commonly used in people's daily life, be widely used in the perfuming of the cooking and food, be the important special product of China one of the vegetables of earning foreign exchange.Functions such as ginger is good for the stomach in addition, dispelling cold, sweating and detoxifcation have extensive use at pharmaceutical sanitary field, are the traditional traditional Chinese medical science medicinal material of China.In addition, extracts such as ginger oil also are the important spices of foodstuffs industry, widespread use in food such as ice-creams, candy.
China is one of ginger source region, the world, is world's ginger production and big export country, as far back as all Qin Shidai China the custom of plantation, edible ginger is just arranged, apart from modern existing more than 2000 year long cultivation history.According to statistics, about 500,000 hm of world's ginger cultivated area in 2006 2, nearly 240,000 hm of China's cultivated area wherein 2, account for 48% of world's ginger cultivated area; Export volume 300,000 t account for 68% of world's ginger export trade amount.Except that northeast, northwest part extremely frigid zones, ginger all has plantation in China various places.The national agricultural technology extension of certificate service centre statistics, China's existing more than 20 province plantation ginger.The ginger of cultivation is wide in variety at present is seedling thinning type Da Jiang kind ginger.
Anhui is one of China important producing region of ginger, long-term cultivated area 20,000 hm of the whole province 2, and how tame ginger processing enterprise is arranged, local expanding economy has been played important pushing effect.Yet,, find that ginger producing region soil fertility is low according to ginger fertilising investigation; Fertilizer uses not science, as fails kind and quantity according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of soil nutrient status and different varieties ginger decision fertilizer, inclined to one side nitrogen fertilizer application in ginger cultivation family or nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer; Potash fertilizer is used quantity not sufficient, amount and micronutrient element in the ignorance, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio imbalance; Cause the shortage and the imbalance of soil nutrient elements, the aggravation of ginger disease and pest, output reduces sharply; Quality variation, the economic benefit of peasant planting ginger glides, utilization rate of fertilizer and apply fertilizer low in economic efficiency.Simultaneously a large amount of loss of nitrogenous fertilizer polluted underground waters and environment have seriously restricted the development of China's ginger industry, have influenced agriculture Sustainable development.
Ginger output is high, and breeding time is long, and fertilizer requirement is big, need repeatedly topdress and could satisfy the needs of ginger normal growth growth to fertilizer.Meanwhile, ginger is not drought-resistant, and the north needs economic the irrigation to keep ground moistening, could create the growing environment that comparatively suits for ginger growth and rhizome expand.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger, is the weather condition and the soil nutrient supply situation of nutritive property, planting area according to the different varieties ginger, and macronutrient, middle amount nutritive element and micronutrient element are cooperated in the seedling thinning type ginger needed suitable ratio of growing; Thereby promote growing of ginger; Improve rhizome yield, improve nutritional quality, the safe edible quality of ginger, particularly improve the content of special efficacy composition such as volatile essential oil and gingerol in the ginger rhizome; Improve utilization rate of fertilizer; Reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, reduce agriculture production cost, improve the economic benefit of fertilising; Can reduce simultaneously the leaching loss and the loss of chemical fertilizer, the protection environment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Compared with prior art; Dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger of the present invention is the ginger formula fertilizer; Dash with water when be fit to irrigating again and use, make to irrigate to combine, satisfy ginger and grow that each stage often irrigates and the needs of fertilising with fertilising.As a kind of ginger formula fertilizer, its nutrient content is complete, the nutrient reasonable ratio; Meet the ginger law of nutritive absorption of each breeding time; Utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can significantly promote the g and D of ginger, improves rhizome yield; Improve the nutritional quality and the safe edible quality of rhizome, particularly can effectively improve the content of special efficacy composition such as volatility ginger essential oil and gingerol in the ginger rhizome.Meanwhile, this fertilizer can significantly improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, reduces agriculture production cost, increases the economic benefit and the peasant planting income of fertilising, and can reduce excessive fertilization or use pollution and the destruction of single nitrogenous fertilizer to environment.
Ginger of the present invention is special-purpose to be dashed and executes prescription fertilizer and be applicable to ginger producing regions, peripheral provinces and regions such as Anhui Province and Shandong, Henan.Through Linquan County, Anhui Province, Funan County and Hefei City; And the maximum producing region of national ginger and production base-Shandong Province's Laiwu City use test; Use special-purpose the dashing of the present invention-ginger and execute the fertile ginger of prescription, ginger rhizome yield per hectare on average increases 7157-13492kg/hm 2, amount of increase in production is 18.05-33.82%; Increase income Renminbi 13202-19287 unit.Ginger piece gross protein value, Vitamin C content, solubility total sugar content and reducing sugar content have improved 9.94-9.60%, 9.70-18.07%, 4.51-12.03% and 9.76-10.82% respectively; Nitrate salt and nitrite content have reduced 18.31-21.34% and 17.50-31.10% respectively; Gingerol and volatility ginger essential oil content improve 6.0-6.5% and 9.9-11.0% respectively; Ginger nutritional quality and flavor quality improve, and the safe edible quality parameter reaches the quality standard of national non-polluted farm product.Meanwhile, fertilizer utilization efficiency on average improves 10.6%, the leaching loss of nutrient and the minimizing of running off, and ecological environment benefit is remarkable.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The special-purpose weight percent of executing the effective element (in pure nutrient) in the prescription fertilizer that dashes of ginger is: nitrogen 23.2, phosphorus 8.1, potassium 16.8, sulphur 3.6, calcium 3.0, zinc 0.2, manganese 0.3.Effective element in the fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen is provided by urea and diammonium phosphate; Phos phoric acid potassium dihydrogen, diammonium phosphate and superphosphate of lime; Potassium-Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Calcium-superphosphate of lime; Sulphur-manganous sulfate and zinc sulfate; Zinc-zinc sulfate; Manganese-manganous sulfate.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (special-purpose the dashing of 1 ton of ginger of every production executed the fertile metering of prescription):
Urea 481kg;
Potassium primary phosphate 85kg;
Diammonium phosphate 53kg;
Superphosphate of lime 107kg;
Repone K 233kg;
Zinc sulfate 20kg;
Manganous sulfate 21kg.
With above-mentioned commercial fertilizer or commodity preparation respectively with mechanical disintegration, sieve, remix is even, can produce that the ginger of powder-type is special-purpose to dash that to execute prescription fertile.Also can stir mixing behind the above-mentioned fertilizer pulverize separately; Can produce dashing of a material type according to prilling process and execute prescription fertilizer; " compound fertilizer special formulating of recipe and the production " that working method is edited with reference to Li Chunhua, Liang Guoqing, Chemical Industry Press, July calendar year 2001, the 1st edition reported method carried out; Or selection/part selects big material urea, big material potash fertilizer to make raw material, can save to pulverize and reproduces operation and energy waste in the middle of the grain etc., and with the granulation after the same method of other pulvis, also can producing dashing of a material type, to execute prescription fertile.
With poplar market town, Linquan County, Anhui Province is the test point, and supplying the examination ginger is local main breed-seedling thinning type chimera ginger.Per hectare is used special-purpose the dashing of ginger of the present invention's preparation and is executed the fertile 1500kg of prescription, compares with the peasant habit fertilising, uses ginger special formula fertilizer of the present invention, and the ginger rhizome yield on average increases 13492kg/hm 2, amount of increase in production is 33.82%; Ginger piece gross protein value, Vitamin C content, solubility total sugar content and reducing sugar content have improved 9.94%, 18.07%, 12.03% and 9.76% respectively, and nitrate salt and nitrite content have reduced by 21.34% and 31.10% (table 1) respectively.Ginger rhizome nitrate content and nitrite content all meet the quality standard of national pollution-free food.
Special-purpose the dashing of table 1 ginger of the present invention executed the fertile influence to ginger rhizome yield and quality of prescription
Figure GSA00000012444400041
Embodiment 2
Ginger is special-purpose to be nitrogen 20.8, phosphorus 8.6, potassium oxide 15.6, calcium 2.6, sulphur 4.5, zinc 0.3, manganese 0.5 towards the weight percent of executing the effective element (in pure nutrient) in the prescription fertilizer.Effective element in the fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen is provided by urea and diammonium phosphate; Phos phoric acid potassium dihydrogen, diammonium phosphate and superphosphate of lime; Potassium-Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Calcium-superphosphate of lime; Sulphur-manganous sulfate and zinc sulfate; Zinc-zinc sulfate; Manganese-manganous sulfate.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (1 ton of dedicated fertilizer of every production):
Urea 415kg;
Potassium primary phosphate 55kg;
Diammonium phosphate 80kg;
Superphosphate of lime 174kg;
Repone K 229kg;
Zinc sulfate 20kg;
Manganous sulfate 25kg.
With above-mentioned commercial fertilizer or commodity preparation respectively with mechanical disintegration, sieve, remix is even, can produce that the ginger of powder-type is special-purpose to dash that to execute prescription fertile.Also can stir mixing behind the above-mentioned fertilizer pulverize separately; Can produce dashing of a material type according to prilling process and execute prescription fertilizer; " compound fertilizer special formulating of recipe and the production " that working method is edited with reference to Li Chunhua, Liang Guoqing, Chemical Industry Press, July calendar year 2001, the 1st edition reported method carried out; Or selection/part selects big material urea, big material potash fertilizer to make raw material, can save to pulverize and reproduces operation and energy waste in the middle of the grain etc., with the granulation after the same method of other pulvis, also can produce a material and dash and execute formula fertilizer.
With Hui Long town, Funan County, Anhui Province is the test point, and supplying examination ginger kind is seedling thinning type chimera ginger.Use special-purpose the dashing of ginger of the present invention's preparation and execute the fertile 1500kg/hm of prescription 2, compare with local peasant habit fertilising, to use special-purpose the dashing of ginger of the present invention and execute prescription fertilizer, the ginger plant height increases 10.4cm, and branch amount increases 1.4/strain, and the ginger nodule number increases by 2.3, and individual plant ginger piece is brought up again high 49.8g, and rhizome yield on average increases 11002kg/hm 2, stimulation ratio is 31.8% (table 2); Per hectare increases income 13202 yuan of Renminbi (calculating by 1.2 yuan/kg).
Special-purpose the dashing of the ginger of table 2 the present invention preparation executed the fertile influence to ginger output and constituent element thereof of prescription
Figure GSA00000012444400051
Embodiment 3
In this embodiment, selecting Dan Qiao town, Linquan County, Anhui Province is the manurial experiment point, and supplying examination ginger kind is bavin ginger, also is one of ginger kind of local main cultivation.Its ginger is special-purpose to be dashed the effective element content executed in the prescription fertilizer and in the weight percent of pure nutrient is: nitrogen 22.6, phosphorus 7.2, potassium 15.3, calcium 5.0, sulphur 4.8, zinc 0.3, manganese 0.3.Effective element in the fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen is provided by urea and diammonium phosphate; Phos phoric acid potassium dihydrogen, diammonium phosphate and superphosphate of lime; Potassium-Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Calcium-superphosphate of lime; Sulphur-manganous sulfate and zinc sulfate; Zinc-zinc sulfate; Manganese-manganous sulfate.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (special-purpose the dashing of 1 ton of ginger of every production executed the fertile metering of prescription):
Urea 453kg;
Potassium primary phosphate 25kg;
Diammonium phosphate 90kg;
Superphosphate of lime 148kg;
Repone K 241kg;
Zinc sulfate 21kg;
Manganous sulfate 23kg.
Method preparation or special-purpose the dashing of production ginger with reference to embodiment 1 are executed the prescription fertilizer product.
Use special-purpose the dashing of ginger of the present invention in this test point and execute the fertile 1500kg/hm of prescription 2Compare with local peasant habit fertilising, use special-purpose the dashing of ginger of the present invention and execute prescription fertilizer, ginger rhizome mean yield is by 36382kg/hm 2Be increased to 47097kg/hm 2, raising the output 10715kg/hm 2, stimulation ratio is 29.5%; Per hectare increases income 19287 yuan of Renminbi (calculating by 1.8 yuan/kg).Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer utilization ratio reach 29.40%, 17.80% and 72.18% respectively, and more local peasant habit fertilization method improves 17.6%, 11.3% and 12.8% respectively.
Embodiment 4
The maximum producing region of experimental field point selection China ginger in the present embodiment and centralized production base-Shandong Province's Laiwu City, this ground production management level is high, and ginger rhizome yield level is also high, the highest level of having represented China's ginger to produce basically.Supplying examination ginger kind is local main breed-Laiwu, Shandong Da Jiang.Test point, Shandong Province ginger is special-purpose to be dashed the effective element content executed in the prescription fertilizer and in the weight percent of pure nutrient is: nitrogen 25.0, phosphorus 8.1, potassium 18.1, calcium 3.5, sulphur 2.9, zinc 0.5, manganese 0.5.Effective element in the fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen is provided by urea and diammonium phosphate; Phos phoric acid potassium dihydrogen, diammonium phosphate and superphosphate of lime; Potassium-Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Calcium-superphosphate of lime; Sulphur-manganous sulfate and zinc sulfate; Zinc-zinc sulfate; Manganese-manganous sulfate.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (special-purpose the dashing of 1 ton of ginger of every production executed formula fertilizer):
Urea 513kg;
Potassium primary phosphate 92kg;
Diammonium phosphate 76kg;
Superphosphate of lime 22kg;
Repone K 250kg;
Zinc sulfate 25kg;
Manganous sulfate 21kg.
Above-mentioned fertilizer is prepared into or produces to dashing according to the method for embodiment 1 execute the formula fertilizer product, amount of application is 1500kg/hm 2, using with peasant habit and to compare test, the result sees table 3.
Can find out from table 3, use ginger of the present invention special-purpose dash execute prescription fertilizer after, the ginger rhizome yield is increased to 56490kg/hm by 47270 2, raising the output 9220kg/hm 2, average stimulation ratio is 19.5%.Protein contnt has increased by 0.92 percentage point, and vitamins C and solubility total sugar content have improved 4.68mg/kg and 0.29 percentage point respectively, increase by 7.7%, 12.8% and 9.2% relatively; Nitrate salt and nitrite content descend 38.07 and 0.54mg/kg respectively, reduce by 26.9% and 14.3% relatively; Ginger rhizome special efficacy composition-gingerol and volatile essential oil content improve 0.13 and 0.15 percentage point respectively, improve 6.0% and 9.9% relatively.Ginger rhizome nutritional quality is improved, and nitrate salt and nitrite contain the security quality standard that has all reached national non-polluted farm product.
Table 3 is used ginger proiprietary formula of the present invention and is dashed the influence of fertilising to ginger rhizome quality
Figure GSA00000012444400071
Embodiment 5
Special-purpose the dashing of described ginger executed prescription fertilizer, and wherein effective element in the weight percent of pure nutrient is: nitrogen 21.9, phosphorus 6.8, potassium 16.5, calcium 3.9, sulphur 3.5, zinc 0.3, manganese 0.2.
The quantity of goods produced that this prescription is amounted to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (executing prescription fertilizer to produce special-purpose the dashing of 1 ton of ginger):
Urea 453kg;
Potassium primary phosphate 50kg;
Diammonium phosphate 50kg;
Superphosphate of lime 160kg;
Repone K 247kg;
Zinc sulfate 20kg;
Manganous sulfate 20kg.
Effective element in the fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen is provided by urea and diammonium phosphate; Phos phoric acid potassium dihydrogen, diammonium phosphate and superphosphate of lime; Potassium-Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Calcium-superphosphate of lime; Sulphur-manganous sulfate and zinc sulfate; Zinc-zinc sulfate; Manganese-manganous sulfate.
Use the present invention--special-purpose the dashing of ginger executed the fertile ginger of prescription, and per hectare ginger rhizome yield is increased to 46818kg by 39661kg, raising the output 7157kg, average stimulation ratio is 18.05%.Ginger piece protein contnt increases by 1.17 percentage points, increases by 9.6%; Vitamin C content improves 3.64mg/kg, improves 9.7% relatively; Soluble sugar and reducing sugar content increase by 0.16 and 0.42 percentage point respectively, improve 4.5%10.8% relatively; Nitrate salt and nitrite content reduce 25.22mg/kg and 0.70mg/kg respectively, descend 18.3% and 17.5% relatively; Gingerol and volatility ginger essential oil content improve 0.13 and 0.16 percentage point respectively, improve 6.5% and 11.0% relatively.Ginger nutritional quality and flavor quality improve, and the safe edible quality parameter reaches the quality standard of national non-polluted farm product.Meanwhile, fertilizer utilization efficiency improves 10.6%.

Claims (3)

1. dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger, it is characterized in that: the content of each effective chemical element in the weight percent of pure nutrient is: nitrogen 20.0-25.0, phosphorus 5.0-10.0, potassium 15.0-20.0, sulphur 1.0-5.0, calcium 2.0-6.0, zinc 0.1-0.5, manganese 0.2-1.0.
2. dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each effective chemical element content in the weight percent of pure nutrient is: nitrogen 23.0, phosphorus 5.6, potassium 16.8, sulphur 3.9, calcium 3.6, zinc 0.2, manganese 0.3.
3. dedicated water-flush formula fertilizer for thinned ginger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described effective chemical elemental nitrogen by urea or/and diammonium phosphate provide; Described effective chemical element phosphorus by potassium primary phosphate, diammonium phosphate or/and superphosphate of lime provide; Described effective chemical element potassium by Repone K, vitriolate of tartar or/and potassium primary phosphate provide; Described effective chemical elementary sulfur by vitriolate of tartar, calcium sulfate, manganous sulfate or/and zinc sulfate provide; Described effective chemical element calcium by calcium sulfate or/and superphosphate of lime provide; Described effective chemical element zinc is provided by zinc sulfate; Described effective chemical element manganese is provided by manganous sulfate.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102311288B (en) * 2011-07-27 2014-01-15 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Water-flush formula fertilizer special for Chinese herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata
CN104987218B (en) * 2015-07-13 2018-03-23 青岛苏贝尔作物营养有限公司 A kind of water soluble fertilizer and application process for improving ginger storage endurance ability
CN110452066A (en) * 2019-08-19 2019-11-15 泸天化(集团)有限责任公司 Ginger set meal fertilizer and fertilizing method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1390814A (en) * 2002-04-30 2003-01-15 郧西县金穗肥业中心 Special fertilizer for yellow ginger
CN1730446A (en) * 2005-07-11 2006-02-08 陕西师范大学 Special-purpose fertilizer for turmeric
CN101628836A (en) * 2009-07-30 2010-01-20 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Special fertilizer for weak gluten wheat

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1390814A (en) * 2002-04-30 2003-01-15 郧西县金穗肥业中心 Special fertilizer for yellow ginger
CN1730446A (en) * 2005-07-11 2006-02-08 陕西师范大学 Special-purpose fertilizer for turmeric
CN101628836A (en) * 2009-07-30 2010-01-20 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Special fertilizer for weak gluten wheat

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