CN104285636A - Method for artificially inducing wheat scab to be spontaneously generated - Google Patents

Method for artificially inducing wheat scab to be spontaneously generated Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104285636A
CN104285636A CN201410478253.XA CN201410478253A CN104285636A CN 104285636 A CN104285636 A CN 104285636A CN 201410478253 A CN201410478253 A CN 201410478253A CN 104285636 A CN104285636 A CN 104285636A
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China
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wheat
ditch
furrow
irrigation
manual
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CN201410478253.XA
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CN104285636B (en
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邓云
黄继平
许卿
邱慧明
马妙明
胡忠全
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FUJIAN NANPING AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE INSTITUTE
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FUJIAN NANPING AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE INSTITUTE
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for artificially inducing wheat scab to be spontaneously generated. The method includes the steps of land preparation, rectangular land forming, spreading of smashed wheat straw carrying diseases, flood irrigation, film mulching and the like. The operation of artificially inducing wheat to be spontaneously attacked does not need to waste labor and time just like artificial inoculation, the amount of wheat for tests is not limited, large-group breeding materials can be screened and identified, the defects that only the gibberellic disease resistance expansion capacity of varieties or strains can be identified through manual inoculation, and the infection resistance of the wheat cannot be identified are overcome, meanwhile, artificial spontaneous attack control is more similar to the circulation and infection processes of pathogenic bacteria in production, and the identification result is more accurate.

Description

A kind of abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab
Technical field
The present invention relates to wheat breeding for disease resistance field, particularly relate to a kind of abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab.
Background technology
Wheat scab (Gibberella zeae (Schw.) Perch.) is distributed widely in China's warm moist or semi-humid region, is mainly in section, Upper Yangtze River, middle and lower reaches and the Yellow River and Huai He River south, very large to the harm of Wheat Production.Sick wheat not only can cause Severe Reduction, more can worsen grain quality.Deoxynivalenol (DON) strong toxicity that head blight produces, can cause the acute poisoning symptoms such as dizzy, fever, nausea,vomiting,diarrhea, affect immunocompetence and reduction fecundity etc., endanger human and livestock health after edible.Developed country's regulation is once detect toxin DON in the world, and namely can not eat, DON appetite just can not make feed more than 2mg/kg.
The fine wheat varieties of seed selection anti gibberellic disease, be the most effectively and environmental protection prevent and treat wheat scab method.The wheat breed of seed selection anti gibberellic disease just can must screen when head blight occurs.In 1954-2013, head blight is very popular 8 years, and popular 15 years of moderate, all the other 27 years are anosis or hypopathia year, and popular frequency is 46%, have obvious intermittence.Therefore in wheat scab disease resistance Breeding Process, how controlling abundant, the stable morbidity of every harvest wheat head blight, ensure to carry out pressure selection under the condition of morbidity, is the key issue of screening wheat-resistance to scab kind.At present, people is that the method for bringing out head blight mainly coordinates artificial moisturizing to complete by artificial inoculation.Artificial inoculation is by indoor cultivation pathogen and drips a post by people's work order flower and complete, and because workload is large, it cannot realize the cultivation of large group wheat scab material, also cannot the circulation infection processs of simulating nature morbidity.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of by realizing large group wheat scab and bring out thus realizing the method for wheat scab large group qualification.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab, and it comprises the following steps:
1) play furrow: select the good field of irrigation condition to do furrow, offer the irrigation and drainage ditch be communicated with furrow ditch around furrow ditch vertical direction and field, the size in furrow ditch and drain ditch has ponding to realize irrigation ditch, furrow ditch is moistening but without ponding wholely;
2) broken straw is in spite of illness broadcasted sowing: the straw of the band gibberellic hypha that the wheat heading initial stage pulverizes is sown on the wheat head, allows pathogen naturally sprout and to infect;
3) flood irrigation: at the wheat heading initial stage, coordinates and broadcasts sowing in spite of illness while broken straw, flood irrigation field, ensures that there is ponding in irrigation and drainage ditch from heading stage to whole period of disease field humidity, and furrow ditch is moistening but without ponding;
4) cover film: after wheat flowering to flowering 5 ~ 7 days, builds plastic film shed, and ensure that booth humidity is 80% ~ 100%, plastic film covering, after 5 ~ 7 days, removes film; The covering of film can not only improve temperature of shed, accelerate moisture in field ditch issue additional and prevent diffusion, reach the requirement keeping canopy humidity, build hot and humid environmental benefits simultaneously and infect again in growth of pathogenic bacteria and circulation, ensure that wheat identification of species is fully fallen ill.
In order to better technique effect, technical solution of the present invention can also do following improvement:
1, the length≤20m of furrow in described step 1), width is 1 ~ 1.2m, and the degree of depth is 0.2 ~ 0.3m.Furrow are oversize, are unfavorable for draining, are too shortly unfavorable for land utilization rate; The width of 1 ~ 1.2 meter can sow 30 ~ 50 seeds, convenient sowing and late onset investigation, and width is too wide is unfavorable for investigation, and width is too narrow, and the plant lazy weight of planting is for pilot survey.
2, in described step 1), furrow trench depth and width are 20 ~ 30cm, the irrigation and drainage ditch be communicated with furrow ditch is offered around furrow ditch vertical direction and field, row irrigation ditch width and the degree of depth are 40 ~ 50cm, can ensure that draining is convenient, ensure the moistening of field air while keeping furrow ditch moistening, the water in furrow ditch can be discharged during rainy season, other times may be used for retaining, there is ponding both can ensure field surface moisture in irrigation and drainage ditch, wheat root also can not be caused to be flooded.
3, the degree of depth in irrigation and drainage ditch at least comparatively furrow ditch depth 20cm in described step 1), can discharge the water in furrow ditch when can ensure rainy season fast.
4, in described step 4), booth length is 30 ~ 40m, width is 6 ~ 12m, is highly 2.5 ~ 3.5m.Booth specification is excessive is unfavorable for the stability ensureing greenhouse structure, and the too small meeting of specification causes the waste of material and labour cost.
5, after removing film, bird prevention net is set, ensures that wheat identification of species is not by bird damage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, manual-induced wheat natural occurrence is adopted not need artificial infection time-consuming like that, unrestricted for examination wheat quantity, be conducive to the screening and identification of large group breeding material, instant invention overcomes artificial inoculation can only the anti gibberellic disease extended capability of identification of species (strain), be unfavorable for the shortcoming of the anti-infection ability identifying wheat, manual control natural occurrence is also closer to the process that the circulation of producing upper pathogen is infected again simultaneously, and qualification result is more accurate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1: a kind of abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab, it comprises the following steps:
1) play furrow: select the good field of irrigation condition to do furrow, the length of furrow is 20m, and width is 1m, and the degree of depth is 0.2m wholely; Furrow trench depth and width are 20cm, and offer the irrigation and drainage ditch be communicated with furrow ditch around furrow ditch vertical direction and field, row irrigation ditch width and the degree of depth are 50cm; The degree of depth at least comparatively furrow ditch depth 20cm in irrigation and drainage ditch;
5) broken straw is in spite of illness broadcasted sowing: the straw of the band gibberellic hypha that the wheat heading initial stage pulverizes is sown on the wheat head, allows pathogen naturally sprout and to infect;
6) flood irrigation: at the wheat heading initial stage, coordinates and broadcasts sowing in spite of illness while broken straw, flood irrigation field, ensures that there is ponding in irrigation and drainage ditch from heading stage to whole period of disease field humidity, and furrow ditch is moistening but without ponding;
7) cover film: after wheat flowering to flowering 5 ~ 7 days, builds plastic film shed, ensures that booth humidity is 80% ~ 100%; Booth length is 40m, width is 12m, is highly 3.5m;
5) bird prevention net is set: plastic film covering, after 5 ~ 7 days, removes film, arranges bird prevention net, ensures that wheat identification of species is not by bird damage.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, difference is that the length of furrow is 18m, and width is 1.2m, and the degree of depth is 0.3m; Furrow trench depth and width are 25cm, and row irrigation ditch width and the degree of depth are 45cm; Booth length is 37m, width is 10m, is highly 3m.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, difference is that the length of furrow is 16m, and width is 1.1m, and the degree of depth is 0.2m; Furrow trench depth and width are 25cm, and row irrigation ditch width and the degree of depth are 43cm.Booth length is 35m, width is 8m, is highly 2.8m.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1, difference is that the length of furrow is 15m, and width is 1.2m, and the degree of depth is 0.3m; Furrow trench depth and width are 30cm, and row irrigation ditch width and the degree of depth are 40cm; Booth length is 30m, width is 6m, is highly 2.5m.
Through qualification, in above-mentioned 4 embodiments, wheat scab rate of bringing out all reaches 100%.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab, it comprises the following steps:
Play furrow: select the good field of irrigation condition to do furrow, offer the irrigation and drainage ditch be communicated with furrow ditch around furrow ditch vertical direction and field, furrow ditch and drain ditch size have ponding to realize irrigation ditch, furrow ditch is moistening but without ponding wholely;
Broadcast sowing broken straw in spite of illness: the straw of the band gibberellic hypha that the wheat heading initial stage pulverizes is sown on the wheat head, allows pathogen naturally sprout and to infect;
Flood irrigation: at the wheat heading initial stage, coordinates and broadcasts sowing in spite of illness while broken straw, flood irrigation field, ensures that there is ponding in irrigation and drainage ditch from heading stage to whole period of disease field humidity, and furrow ditch is moistening but without ponding;
Cover film: after wheat flowering to flowering 5 ~ 7 days, builds plastic film shed, and ensure that booth humidity is 80% ~ 100%, plastic film covering, after 5 ~ 7 days, removes film.
2. the abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length≤20m of furrow in described step 1), and width is 1 ~ 1.2m, and the degree of depth is 0.2 ~ 0.3m.
3. the abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in: in described step 1), furrow trench depth and width are 20 ~ 30cm, and row irrigation ditch width and the degree of depth are 40 ~ 50cm.
4. the abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the degree of depth in irrigation and drainage ditch at least comparatively furrow ditch depth 20cm in described step 1).
5. the abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 4), booth length is 30 ~ 40m, width is 6 ~ 12m, is highly 2.5 ~ 3.5m.
6. the abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: arrange bird prevention net after removing film.
CN201410478253.XA 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 A kind of abiogenous method of manual-induced wheat scab Active CN104285636B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104969789A (en) * 2015-07-03 2015-10-14 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 Field humidifying device for inducing wheat scab and use method thereof
CN112514745A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-19 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 High-throughput screening method suitable for resistant germplasm of maize ear rot

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CN101690451B (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-04-20 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 Ralstonia solanacearum disease resistance high density identification method in field
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104969789A (en) * 2015-07-03 2015-10-14 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 Field humidifying device for inducing wheat scab and use method thereof
CN104969789B (en) * 2015-07-03 2017-05-03 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 Field humidifying device for inducing wheat scab and use method thereof
CN112514745A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-19 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 High-throughput screening method suitable for resistant germplasm of maize ear rot
CN112514745B (en) * 2020-11-24 2023-08-04 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 High-throughput screening method suitable for corn ear rot resistance germplasm

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Inventor after: Deng Yun

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