CN104186146A

CN104186146A - Planting method for preventing radix astragali root rot

Info

Publication number: CN104186146A
Application number: CN201410400145.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黎亮
Original assignee: LONGXI COUNTY CHENGXINYUAN FARMING DEVELOPMENT FARMER PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
Current assignee: LONGXI COUNTY CHENGXINYUAN FARMING DEVELOPMENT FARMER PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
Priority date: 2014-08-14
Filing date: 2014-08-14
Publication date: 2014-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2034-08-14
Also published as: CN104186146B

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for preventing radix astragali root rot. The method includes the first step of land selection and preparation, the second step of seed processing, the third step of timely seed sowing, the fourth step of field management and the fifth step of pest control. The method is characterized in that firstly, seeds are soaked in whitewash for 30 minutes to 40 minutes; secondly, after seed coats are processed through sanding, 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 500-fold liquid is mixed with Lieskeela 200-fold liquid according to the ratio of 1:1 for seed dressing; thirdly, during timely seed sowing, seed sowing grooves with the depth of 20 cm to 25 cm and the width of 8 cm to 10 cm are formed mechanically before seed sowing, the processed seeds are placed in the seed sowing grooves, the seeds are covered with stacked gravel after the seeds are sown with the thickness of the stacked gravel appropriately ranging from 0.8 cm to 1 cm so that the seeds can be right pressed, the gravel is then covered with soil with the width of 2 cm to 2.5 cm, and the soil is covered with dry horse dung for soil moisture preservation. Compared with an existing planting method for preventing radix astragali root rot, the method aims at controlling the soil temperature and improving soil breathability and water permeability, the incidence of radix astragali root rot is lowered, dosage is reduced, and investment cost is reduced.

Description

A kind of implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus

Technical field

The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine planting technology field, relate in particular to a kind of implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus.

Background technology

The Radix Astragali is astragalus mongolicus or Astragalus membranacus pulse family herbaceos perennial, main product in Shanxi, the provinces and regions such as Heilungkiang, Liaoning, Hebei, be conventional Chinese herbal medicine, there is invigorating qi for strengthening superficies, diuresis holder poison, apocenosis, the effect of expelling pus and promoting granulation.In recent years, Chinese herbal medicine receives publicity with the advantage having no side effect, and its cultivated area is also progressively expanding, and the Radix Astragali is as one of conventional Chinese herbal medicine, and its cultivated area and output also obviously increase.Yet, because not science, irrational traditional cultivation method cause yielding poorly, poor quality, gently cause deficiency in economic performance, heavy cause economic loss, for these problems, there is report to propose new implantation methods, improved yield and quality.

In recent years, a large amount of uses due to inorganic fertilizer, cause soil compaction, and air capacity of soils declines, and then cause the incidence of disease of Root rot disease of Astragallus to improve, and have affected output and the quality of the Radix Astragali.Problem for Root rot disease of Astragallus morbidity, traditional method of preventing and treating is in field, spray bactericide or fill with root with bactericide after morbidity, and Root rot disease of Astragallus morbidity is from root, quite serious while spreading to acrial part, if spray bactericide, only acrial part is had to certain effect, to root Medicated Permeation less than position, its state of an illness also can continue to increase the weight of; The method that adopts bactericide to fill with root is prevented and treated, because drug dose is large, and take separately, the mode of control one by one, must increase labour cost, take time and effort, increase production cost.In a word, the tradition method of preventing and treating of Root rot disease of Astragallus exists that cost is high, the problem of weak effect.Given this, patent CN 102144509 A disclose a kind of method for preventing root rot disease of astragalus, adopt malicious sandy soil to carry out soil treatment, and medicine seed dressing, seedling dip in root, transplant the technical methods such as soil processing, have reached the object of prevention root rot.Yet, the method is before growing seedlings in soil treatment process, 5～7 days prior to seeding, with 2.5% chlorophos pulvis, converting thin sand and soil mixes malicious sandy soil and applies in nursery 0～10cm soil layer, with 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, convert thin sand and soil part mixes malicious sandy soil and applies in nursery 0～10cm soil layer simultaneously, its malicious sandy soil soil depth is thick, drug dose is large, increased cost, after broadcasting under astragalus membranaceus seed, its seed will be in malicious sandy soil layer, and its moisture in the soil fertilizer efficiency is really had a strong impact on, be unfavorable for emerging, and have the defect of killing beneficial bacterium during drug treating.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to: overcome the problem that existing method for preventing root rot disease of astragalus exists, a kind of implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus is provided, to control soil temperature, increase soil aeration, improve permeable degree and attach most importance to, during sowing, adopt gravel mulch seedling, and preserve soil moisture with the larger horsehit of air capacity of soils, thereby reach the object of preventing root rot.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus, comprise: 1) selection of land and whole ground, 2) seed treatment, 3) begin sowing in good time, 4) field management, 5) extermination of disease and insect pest, it is characterized in that: step 2) in seed treatment, seed first soaks 30～40 minutes with limewash, speed with 50～100 revs/min during immersion stirs, again after sanded treatment kind skin, finally with 200 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder and rizolex, with the ratio of 1:1, mix seed dressing, described seed dressing liquid consumption is seed 4%, mixes thoroughly with black film, to cover the vexed 20～24h of heap afterwards.

Described step 3) in beginning sowing in good time, before sowing, dark 20～25cm left by machinery, the seed furrow of wide 8～10cm, then the seed of processing is put in seed furrow, after finishing under seed, with blinding, pile up and cover, just to push down seed 0.8～1cm, be advisable, then earthing 2～2.5cm, then cover soil moisture conservation with dry horsehit.

Further, cover the single-size that seed blinding used is first 0.5～1cm through crusher in crushing to particle diameter, then use 1000 times of liquid cleaning treatment of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder.

Compare with the implantation methods of existing prevention Root rot disease of Astragallus, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) seed first stirs and soaks through limewash, to kill harmful germ, then through sand milling broken shell, finally uses medicine immersion treatment, has reduced germ adhesive rate, and then the generation of prevention root rot;

2) adopt blinding to replace sandy soil seed dressing plantation, increased seed soil horizon air capacity of soils and permeable degree, effectively control temperature, humidity, reduce germ reproduction rate;

3) adopt horsehit to cover soil moisture conservation, can increase soil nutrient content, can avoid soil compaction again, increase air capacity of soils and the permeability rate of soil, improve emergence rate and reduce germ reproduction rate.

4) the present invention replaces sandy soil seed dressing plantation with blinding, and its Costco Wholesale is per ton saves 35 yuan, and blinding is few compared with sandy soil consumption, cost-saving higher, can cost-saving thousand yuan of above/mus for establishing in large scale.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described further, so that same domain technical staff understands.

Embodiment 1

An implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus, comprising: 1) selection of land and whole ground, 2) seed treatment, 3) begin sowing in good time, 4) field management, 5) extermination of disease and insect pest, concrete steps are as follows:

1) selection of land and whole ground: select that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, draining are good, dry neutral sand loam on the sunny side; Before broadcasting, apply base fertilizer, described base fertilizer is every mu and executes animal waste 250～350kg, urea 10～20kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 50～60kg, potassium chloride 7～8kg, rhizoma nardostachyos powder 10～15kg, tuber of stemona powder 2～3kg, ferrous sulfate 2～3kg; Tilling depth 25～30cm, makes the furrow of wide 1.2～1.5m.

2) seed treatment: the seed of selecting high-quality, stalwartness, first with limewash, soak 30～40 minutes, speed with 50～100 revs/min during immersion stirs, again after sanded treatment kind skin, finally with 200 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder and rizolex, with the ratio of 1:1, mix seed dressing, described seed dressing liquid consumption is seed 4%, mixes thoroughly with black film, to cover the vexed 20～24h of heap afterwards.

3) begin sowing in good time: before sowing, by line-spacing 25～30cm machinery, open dark 20～25cm, the seed furrow of wide 8～10cm, then the seed of processing is put in seed furrow, after finishing under seed, with blinding, pile up and cover, just to push down seed 0.8～1cm, be advisable, then earthing 2～2.5cm, then cover soil moisture conservation with dry horsehit.

4) field management

1. transplant: before and after emerging, keep ground moistening, ventilation, by line-spacing 30～40cm, spacing in the rows 3～4cm field planting land for growing field crops, plants first earthing 1～2cm after transplantation of seedlings, then cover 0.8～2cm with increase air capacity of soils and permeability rate with blinding, prevent that blinding hinders seedling simultaneously;

2. intertill and clean tillage: after Radix Astragali transplantation of seedlings, intertill and clean tillage in time;

3. topdress: at the beginning of by the end of June～7 months, every mu imposes phosphate fertilizer 20～25kg, manganese sulphate 2.5～4.5kg, dregs of rapeseed cake 50～70kg, carbonic hydroammonium 5.0～8.0kg, MAP 8.0～9.0kg, potassium sulfate 2.5～3.5kg and analysis for soybean powder 10～15kg.

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: enhance field management, note field ventilation and penetrating light, their early stage can spray control with 50% ambam or 800～1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim.

In order to verify the actual effect of technical solution of the present invention, adopt the present invention

During the method plantation Radix Astragali, carried out contrasting on year-on-year basis planting experiment, contrast field (traditional cultivation method) and all factor of influence basic controlling in experimental field (technical solution of the present invention) are in same range, so that authenticity of the present invention is described, go through after 2 year planting season, the incidence of disease of statistics Root rot disease of Astragallus, it the results are shown in following table 1.

Table 1-Radix Astragali shoot root maize ear rot incidence statistics

Morbidity progression	The experimental field Radix Astragali shoot root maize ear rot incidence of disease	The contrast field Radix Astragali shoot root maize ear rot incidence of disease
			1	10.5％	28％

2	3％	7％
			3	Nothing	2.5％
Total incidence	13.5％	37.5％
			Milkvetch Root output	4400kg/hm ²	3550kg/hm ²

From upper table 1 statistics, can find out, the Radix Astragali shoot root maize ear rot total incidence of technical solution of the present invention (experimental field) plantation is 13.5%, compared with 37.5% of the Radix Astragali shoot root maize ear rot of conventional method (contrast field) plantation, total incidence reduces by 24%, and Radix Astragali output improves 850kg/hm ².As can be seen here, the present invention prevents the implantation methods of Root rot disease of Astragallus compared with prior art, and tool is greatly improved.

Claims

1. an implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus, comprise: 1) selection of land and whole ground, 2) seed treatment, 3) begin sowing in good time, 4) field management, 5) extermination of disease and insect pest, it is characterized in that: step 2) in seed treatment, seed first soaks 30～40 minutes with limewash, speed with 50～100 revs/min during immersion stirs, again after sanded treatment kind skin, finally with 200 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder and rizolex, with the ratio of 1:1, mix seed dressing, described seed dressing liquid consumption is seed 4%, mixes thoroughly with black film, to cover the vexed 20～24h of heap afterwards.

2. described a kind of implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 3) begin sowing in good time, before sowing, dark 20～25cm left by machinery, the seed furrow of wide 8～10cm, is then put in the seed of processing in seed furrow, after finishing under seed, with blinding, pile up and cover, just to push down seed 0.8～1cm, be advisable, earthing 2～2.5cm then, then cover soil moisture conservation with dry horsehit.

3. described a kind of implantation methods that prevents Root rot disease of Astragallus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: cover the single-size that seed blinding used is first 0.5～1cm through crusher in crushing to particle diameter, then use 1000 times of liquid cleaning treatment of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder.