CN104185421B - 含有啶南平杀虫剂的液体浓缩物配制剂ii - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种包含如下所定义的式I的啶南平(pyripyropene)杀害虫剂和作为助剂的烷氧基化脂族醇的液体浓缩物配制剂。此外,本发明涉及这些配制剂在处理植物和种子中的用途以及相应的方法。
Description
本发明涉及一种包含如下所定义的式I的啶南平(pyripyropene)杀害虫剂和作为助剂的烷氧基化脂族醇的液体浓缩物配制剂。此外,本发明涉及这些配制剂在处理植物和种子中的用途以及相应的方法。
由WO2009/081851(化合物号4)已知式I的啶南平衍生物呈现出杀虫活性且可以用于作物保护:
具体而言,WO2009/081851公开了啶南平衍生物I的各种农业化学配制剂和适合该类配制剂的添加剂。
包括合适添加剂的啶南平衍生物的农业化学配制剂也公开于EP2119361和EP1889540中。
啶南平衍生物I可以由如WO2006/129714或EP2186815所述的方法制备。
啶南平衍生物,尤其是式I的啶南平衍生物的农业配制剂所具有的一个问题是这些化合物的浓缩物配制剂仅具有低稳定性。尤其当试图提供加溶形式的啶南平衍生物I的农业配制剂时,通常面临的问题是该配制剂由于活性成分颗粒的沉降或附聚而崩解。这通常是由与包括在该配制剂中的溶剂形成溶剂化物配合物的啶南平衍生物I引起。然而,由于其更好地加溶啶南平衍生物I而能够克服该问题的溶剂通常具有不利的毒性性能,这使得它们不适合农业应用。
此外,已经表明聚烷氧基化醇(本文也称烷氧基化醇)显著提高啶南平衍生物I的杀虫活性(见WO2012/035015)且因此是包括在啶南平衍生物I的配制剂中的高度希望的助剂。然而,取决于该溶剂,聚烷氧基化醇可能干扰啶南平衍生物I的加溶并且因此可能不与某些溶剂相容。事实上,本发明的发明人发现丙二醇一方面为啶南平衍生物I的优异溶剂且也具有有利的毒性性能,而另一方面若掺入含有聚烷氧基化醇作为助剂的啶南平衍生物I配制剂中则导致相分离。
因此,本发明的目的是要提供啶南平衍生物I的稳定液体浓缩物配制剂,其除了作为溶剂的丙二醇外还含有提高活性的聚烷氧基化醇作为助剂且对于在无脊椎动物害虫防治中的应用具有有利性能。这些配制剂尤其应提供低毒性,甚至在长期储存之后应具有高杀虫活性和高稳定性。因此,本发明的特殊目的是要提供一种能够使聚烷氧基化醇和丙二醇在啶南平衍生物I的液体浓缩物配制剂中相容的添加剂,以防止相分离并允许得到均相的稳定配制剂。
惊人地发现这些和其他目的由如下所述的液体浓缩物配制剂实现。
因此,本发明提供了一种液体浓缩物配制剂,包含:
a)基于该配制剂总重量为0.5-30重量%的式I的啶南平衍生物,
b)基于该配制剂总重量为3-50重量%的丙二醇,
c)基于该配制剂总重量为20-85重量%的至少一种式(A)的烷氧基化脂族醇:
Ra-O-(CmH2mO)x-(CnH2nO)y-(CpH2pO)z-Rb(A)
其中
Ra表示C8-C36烷基、C8-C36链烯基或其混合物;
Rb表示H或C1-C12烷基;
m、n、p相互独立地表示2-16的整数;
x、y、z相互独立地表示0-50的数;以及
x+y+z对应于2-50的值,
d)基于该配制剂总重量为1-50重量%的至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯,以及
e)基于该配制剂总重量为0.5-20重量%的至少一种不同于烷氧基化脂族醇A的非离子表面活性剂S,
其中组分a)、b)、c)、d)和e)的组合量加起来为该配制剂总量的至少90重量%。
本文所用术语重量%必须理解为重量百分数。
本发明还涉及以液体浓缩物形式配制的本发明配制剂以及通过用水稀释该类配制剂而得到的含水即用制剂。
本发明的其他主题涉及本发明配制剂或由其衍生的即用制剂在防治或防除无脊椎动物害虫和保护生长中的植物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染的用途。
因此,其他主题是一种保护植物以防无脊椎动物害虫如昆虫、螨虫或线虫侵袭或侵染的方法,该方法包括使植物或其中植物生长的土壤或水体与所述配制剂或所述即用制剂以杀害虫有效量接触;一种防治无脊椎动物害虫的方法,包括使无脊椎动物害虫或其食物源、栖息地、繁殖地或其场所与所述配制剂或所述即用制剂以杀害虫有效量接触;一种保护植物繁殖材料的方法,包括使植物繁殖材料,优选种子与所述配制剂或所述即用制剂以杀害虫有效量接触;以及最终是包含所述组合物的种子。
本发明具有诸多优点。因此,本发明配制剂是甚至在低至-20℃且高达66℃的极端温度下长时间储存时稳定而不失去其有利性能的光学透明均相配制剂。本发明配制剂可以容易地用水稀释而形成啶南平衍生物I的含水悬浮液或含水乳液形式的稳定稀释液,而不形成相分离如分层或沉积。除此以外,本发明配制剂提供增加的杀害虫活性和对环境的低毒性。
在本发明上下文中,上位使用的术语如下所定义:
前缀Cx-Cy表示特定情况下可能的碳原子数。
术语“烷基”是指通常具有1-36个碳原子的饱和直链、支化或环状烃基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基(异丙基)、丁基、1-甲基丙基(仲丁基)、2-甲基丙基(异丁基)、1,1-二甲基乙基(叔丁基)、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、环戊基、己基、1-甲基戊基、正庚基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基、1-甲基壬基、2-丙基庚基、正十二烷基、1-甲基十二烷基、正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十五烷基、正十六烷基、正十七烷基、正十八烷基、正十九烷基、正二十烷基等。
本文所用术语“链烯基”在每种情况下表示通常具有1-36个碳原子的单不饱和烃基,例如乙烯基、烯丙基(2-丙烯-1-基)、1-丙烯-1-基、2-丙烯-2-基、甲代烯丙基(2-甲基丙-2-烯-1-基)、2-丁烯-1-基、3-丁烯-1-基、2-戊烯-1-基、3-戊烯-1-基、4-戊烯-1-基、1-甲基丁-2-烯基、己-2-烯基、1-甲基戊-2-烯基、庚-2-烯基、辛-4-烯基、2-乙基己-2-烯基、壬-3-烯基、癸-4-烯基、1-甲基壬-3-烯基、2-丙基庚-3-烯基、十二碳-2-烯基、1-甲基十二碳-3-烯基、十三碳-6-烯基、十四碳-4-烯基、十五碳-2-烯基、十六碳-6-烯基、十七碳-8-烯基、十八碳-2-烯基、十九碳-3-烯基等。
术语“脂肪酸”、“脂肪醇”“脂肪胺”和“脂肪酰胺”是指通常具有6-30个,尤其是8-22个碳原子且其中饱和烷基可以是线性或支化的链烷酸、链烷醇、烷基胺或链烷酸酰胺。
术语“C2-C4亚烷基”是指具有2、3或4个碳原子的饱和二价直链或支化烃基,如1,2-亚乙基、1,3-亚丙基、1,2-亚丙基、2-甲基-1,2-亚丙基、1,4-亚丁基、1,3-亚丁基(=1-甲基-1,3-亚丙基)、1,2-亚丁基和2,3-亚丁基。
术语“烷氧基化”、“乙氧基化”、“聚氧化烯”或“聚氧乙烯”分别是指OH官能团已经与氧化乙烯或C2-C4氧化烯反应而形成低聚氧化烯(=聚氧化烯)或低聚氧化乙烯(=聚氧乙烯)基团。烷氧基化或乙氧基化程度(氧化烯或氧化乙烯重复单元的数均)通常为1-50,尤其是2-40,更优选2-30。
术语“芳基”是指芳族基团,包括碳环芳族基团,如苯基、萘基、蒽基,以及通常具有1或2个选自O和N的杂原子的杂芳族基团,如吡啶基、吡咯基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、嘌呤基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、咪唑基、吡唑基、吲唑基、呋喃基、苯并呋喃基、异苯并呋喃基、吗啉基、唑基、苯并唑基、异唑基和苯并异唑基。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂基于该配制剂总重量通常以3-50重量%的量含有丙二醇。本发明配制剂中所包含丙二醇的量通常可变且在每一单独情况下取决于如下物质的量:啶南平衍生物I,烷氧基化脂族醇A,碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯,非离子表面活性剂S和任选的其他成分,还有其性能。丙二醇与啶南平衍生物I的量的重量比通常为0.2:1-40:1,优选0.5:1-30:1,尤其是1:1-20:1,具体为2:1-10:1。基于配制剂的总重量,丙二醇的比例优选为10-40重量%,尤其是15-35重量%。
本发明配制剂包含至少一种式(A)的烷氧基化脂族醇,下文也称为烷氧基化物A:
Ra-O-(CmH2mO)x-(CnH2nO)y-(CpH2pO)z-Rb(A)
其中
Ra表示C8-C36烷基、C8-C36链烯基或其混合物,优选C10-C32烷基、C10-C32链烯基或其混合物,更优选C14-C26烷基、C14-C26链烯基或其混合物,尤其是C15-C20烷基、C15-C20链烯基或其混合物;
Rb表示H或C1-C12烷基,尤其是H或C1-C4烷基,优选H或甲基,尤其是H;
m、n、p相互独立地表示2-16的整数,优选2-5的整数,更优选整数2或3(即m、n、p全部为2或3,或者m、n、p之一为2且其余两个均为3,或者m、n、p之一为3且其余两个均为2),具体而言m、n、p之一为2且其余两个均为3或者m、n、p之一为3且其余两个均为2;
x、y、z相互独立地表示0-50的数,优选0-30的数,更优选0-20的数;
以及
x+y+z对应于2-50,优选5-50,更优选10-30,尤其是12-20的值。
术语“烷氧基化”就此而言是指脂族醇的OH结构部分已经被聚氧化烯或聚氧化烯结构部分替代。聚氧化烯就本发明而言是由氧化烯重复单元A-O构成的脂族聚醚基团,其中A为链烷二基,尤其是C2-C5链烷二基。聚氧化烯就本发明而言优选是聚-C2-C5氧化烯结构部分,更优选聚-C2-C4氧化烯结构部分,尤其是聚-C2-C3氧化烯结构部分,例如聚氧化乙烯结构部分、聚氧化丙烯结构部分、聚(氧化乙烯-共-氧化丙烯)结构部分、聚(氧化乙烯-共-氧化丁烯)结构部分或聚(氧化乙烯-共-氧化戊烯)结构部分。聚氧化烯基团中氧化烯重复单元数通常为1-100或2-100,优选5-40,更优选10-30,尤其是12-20。
至少一种烷氧基化物A的变量Ra可以是线性或支化的,优选线性的。Ra可以是饱和或不饱和的,优选饱和的。Ra可以是取代或未取代的,优选未取代的。优选Ra表示线性C8-C36烷基、C8-C36链烯基或其混合物。更优选Ra表示线性C14-C36烷基、C14-C36链烯基或其混合物,尤其是线性C14-C26烷基、C14-C26链烯基或其混合物。甚至更优选Ra表示线性C14-C22烷基或其混合物。尤其优选Ra表示线性C16-C20烷基或其混合物。
Rb优选表示H或甲基,尤其是H。
优选m、n、p相互独立地表示2-5的整数,更优选整数2或3,具体而言m、n、p之一为2且其余两个均为3或者m、n、p之一为3且其余两个均为2。
优选x、y、z相互独立地表示0-30,更优选0-20的数。优选总和x+y+z对应于5-40,更优选10-30,更优选8-25,尤其是12-20的值。
根据特殊实施方案,使用式(A)的醇烷氧基化物,其中m=2且x的值大于0。这对应于EO类型的醇烷氧基化物,尤其是醇乙氧基化物(m=2;x>0;y和z=0),以及EO嵌段键合于包括其他氧化烯结构部分的醇部分的醇烷氧基化物(m=2;x>0;y和/或z>0)。对于后面化合物,还可以提到EO-PO嵌段烷氧基化物(m=2;x>0;y>0;n=3;z=0)、EO-PeO嵌段烷氧基化物(m=2;x>0;y>0;n=5;z=0)和EO-PO-EO嵌段烷氧基化物(m、p=2;x、z>0;y>0;n=3)。尤其优选EO-PO嵌段烷氧基化物(m=2;x>0;y>0;n=3;z=0)。
这里和下文中,EO表示CH2CH2O,PO表示CH(CH3)CH2O或CH2CH(CH3)O,BuO表示CH(C2H5)CH2O、C(CH3)2CH2O、CH2C(CH3)2O、CH(CH3)CH(CH3)O或CH2CH(C2H5)O且PeO表示(C5H10O)。
就此而言优选其中EO与PO的比例(x/y)为10:1-1:15,优选1:1-1:12,尤其是1:2-1:8的EO-PO嵌段烷氧基化物,其中乙氧基化程度(x的值)通常为1-20,优选2-15,尤其是2-10,并且丙氧基化程度(y的值)通常为1-30,优选4-20,尤其是8-16。总烷氧基化程度,即EO和PO单元的总和通常为2-50,优选4-30,尤其是6-20。
此外,就此而言优选EO-PeO嵌段烷氧基化物,其中EO与PeO的比例(x/y)为2:1-25:1,尤其是4:1-15:1,乙氧基化程度(x的值)通常为1-50,优选4-25,尤其是6-15,并且戊氧基化程度(y的值)通常为0.5-20,优选0.5-4,尤其是0.5-2。总烷氧基化程度,即EO和PeO单元的总和通常为1.5-70,优选4.5-29,尤其是6.5-17。
根据另一特殊实施方案,使用式(A)的醇烷氧基化物,其中n=2,x和y的值均大于0且z=0。这涉及EO类型的醇烷氧基化物,其中EO嵌段键合在端部。这些尤其包括PO-EO嵌段烷氧基化物(n=2;x>0;y>0;m=3;z=0)和PeO-EO嵌段烷氧基化物(n=2;x>0;y>0;m=5;z=0)。
就此而言优选其中PO与EO的比例(x/y)为1:10-15:1,优选1:1-12:1,尤其是2:1-8:1的PO-EO嵌段烷氧基化物,乙氧基化程度(y的值)通常为1-20,优选2-15,尤其是2-10,并且丙氧基化程度(x的值)通常为0.5-30,优选4-20,尤其是6-16。总烷氧基化程度,即EO和PO单元的总和通常为1.5-50,优选2.5-30,尤其是8-20。
就此而言还优选其中PeO与EO的比例(x/y)为1:50-1:3,尤其是1:25-1:5的PeO-EO嵌段烷氧基化物,戊氧基化程度(x的值)通常为0.5-20,优选0.5-4,尤其是0.5-2,并且乙氧基化程度(y的值)通常为3-50,优选4-25,尤其是5-15。总烷氧基化程度,即EO和PeO单元的总和通常为3.5-70,优选4.5-45,尤其是5.5-17。
在尤其优选的实施方案中,该烷氧基化物选自式(A)的烷氧基化醇,其中
Ra表示线性C12-C22烷基,尤其是线性C10-C20烷基或其混合物;
Rb表示H或C1-C4烷基,优选H或甲基,尤其是H;
m、n、p相互独立地表示2-5的整数,优选2或3;
x、y、z相互独立地表示0-50的数;以及
x+y+z对应于5-50,优选8-25的值。
该烷氧基化物的浸渍润湿力通常为至少120秒,优选至少180秒,尤其是至少220秒。润湿力通常根据DIN1772在室温下以在2g/l碳酸钠中的1g/L分析。
该烷氧基化物的表面张力通常为至少30mN/m,优选至少31mN/m,尤其是至少32mN/m。进一步地,表面张力优选为30-40mN/m,尤其是30-35mN/m。表面张力可以根据DIN14370在室温下以1g/L分析。
优选该烷氧基化物具有的浸渍润湿力为至少120秒且表面张力为至少30mN/m。更优选该烷氧级化物具有的浸渍润湿力为至少180秒且表面张力为至少30-40mN/m。
烷氧基化物是已知的且可以通过已知方法制备,如WO98/35553、WO00/35278或EP0681865。许多烷氧基化物可市购,例如来自Croda的242、245、MBA1303,来自BASFSE的LF类型,来自Cognis的BP24-24、BP24-36、BP24-45、BP24-54、BP24-52R。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂通常基于该配制剂总重量以20-85重量%的量包含至少一种烷氧基化物A。通常而言,本发明配制剂所包含的烷氧基化物A的量在每种单独情况下取决于如下物质的量:啶南平衍生物I,丙二醇,碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯,非离子表面活性剂S和任选的其他成分,以及还有其性能。烷氧基化物A与啶南平衍生物I的量的重量比通常为1:1-50:1,优选2:1-40:1,尤其是3:1-30:1,具体为4:1-20:1。基于配制剂的总重量,烷氧基化物A的比例优选为30-80重量%,尤其是35-75重量%。
本发明配制剂还包含至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯。
适合本发明配制剂的碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯例如包括碳酸亚乙酯(1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮)、碳酸亚丙酯(4-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮)和碳酸1,2-亚丁酯(4-乙基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮),优选碳酸亚丙酯。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,该至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯为碳酸亚丙酯。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂基于该配制剂总重量通常以1-50重量%的量含有该至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯。本发明配制剂中所包含的碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯的量在每种单独情况下取决于如下物质的量:啶南平衍生物I,丙二醇,烷氧基化物A,非离子表面活性剂S和任选的其他成分,以及还有其性能。碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯与烷氧基化物A的量的重量比通常为0.005:1-10:1,优选0.01:1-5:1,尤其是0.02:1-1.5:1,具体为0.04:1-1:1。基于配制剂的总重量,碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯的比例优选为1.5-40重量%,尤其是2-35重量%。
本发明配制剂含有至少一种不同于烷氧基化脂族醇A的非离子表面活性剂S。
术语表面活性剂是指也称为乳化剂或洗涤剂的表面活性物质。任选的非离子表面活性剂可能有助于稳定本发明配制剂,例如通过帮助加溶啶南平衍生物I和任选的其他活性化合物以及稳定配制剂的含水稀释液。熟练人员熟知适合配制农业化学配制剂的非离子表面活性剂,例如由McCutcheon,DetergentsandEmulsifiers,国际版,Ridgewood,NewYork熟知。非离子表面活性剂可以是聚合型或非聚合型表面活性剂。优选主要部分,尤其是至少90%,具体为所有非离子表面活性剂选自非聚合型表面活性剂,这也称为乳化剂。非聚合型表面活性剂(乳化剂)通常具有小于9000道尔顿,尤其是150-6000道尔顿,优选200-3000道尔顿的平均分子量。
适合在本发明配制剂中作为表面活性剂S的非离子表面活性剂尤其包括:
-低聚-C2-C3氧化烯芳基醚和低聚-C2-C4氧化烯C1-C22烷基芳基醚,例如低聚-C2-C3氧化烯C1-C16烷基苯醚,尤其是C1-C22烷基酚的乙氧基化物,如壬基酚、癸基酚、异癸基酚、十二烷基酚或异十三烷基酚的乙氧基化物;
-低聚-C2-C3氧化烯单-、二-或三苯乙烯基苯基醚,尤其是单-、二-或三苯乙烯基酚的乙氧基化物及其与甲醛的缩合物和其酯,例如乙酸酯;
-C6-C22烷基葡糖苷和C6-C22烷基低聚葡糖苷;
-C6-C22烷基葡糖苷的乙氧基化物和C6-C22烷基低聚葡糖苷的乙氧基化物;
-脂肪酸的乙氧基化物和羟基脂肪酸的乙氧基化物;
-多元醇与C6-C22链烷酸的偏酯,尤其是甘油的单-和二酯以及脱水山梨醇的单-、二-和三酯,例如甘油单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单十二烷酸酯、脱水山梨醇二油酸酯和脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯;
-多元醇与C6-C22链烷酸的偏酯的乙氧基化物,尤其是甘油的单-和二酯的乙氧基化物以及脱水山梨醇的单-、二-和三酯的乙氧基化物,例如甘油单硬脂酸酯的乙氧基化物、脱水山梨醇单油酸酯的乙氧基化物、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯的乙氧基化物和脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯的乙氧基化物;
-植物油或动物脂的乙氧基化物,例如玉米油乙氧基化物、蓖麻油乙氧基化物、浮油乙氧基化物;
-炔二醇如2,4,7,9-四甲基-4,7-二羟基-5-癸炔;以及
-脂肪胺或脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺的乙氧基化物。
就此而言,术语低聚-C2-C3氧化烯醚和低聚-C2-C3氧化烯是指衍生于C2-C3氧化烯如氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯(=1-甲基环氧乙烷)的低聚醚基团。术语乙氧基化物是指衍生于氧化乙烯的低聚醚基团。低聚醚基团中重复单元数通常为2-120,常常为4-80,尤其是5-60。
在上述非离子表面活性剂中优选下列作为表面活性剂S:
-低聚-C2-C3氧化烯C1-C16烷基苯醚,尤其是乙氧基化C1-C16烷基酚;
-低聚-C2-C3氧化烯单-、二-或三苯乙烯基苯基醚,尤其是乙氧基化二-或三苯乙烯基酚;
-甘油或脱水山梨醇与脂肪酸的偏酯;以及
-脱水山梨醇的单脂肪酸酯的乙氧基化物,
以及还有上述非离子表面活性剂的混合物。
就本发明而言特别优选的非离子表面活性剂S包括脱水山梨醇的单脂肪酸酯、乙氧基化脱水山梨醇单脂肪酸酯和二-或三苯乙烯基酚乙氧基化物,以及这些的混合物。
优选该非离子表面活性剂S为至少一种低聚-C2-C3氧化烯二-或三苯乙烯基苯基醚,特别是至少一种二-或三苯乙烯基酚乙氧基化物,尤其是至少一种三苯乙烯基酚乙氧基化物。
非离子表面活性剂S在本领域是已知的且可市购。因此,三苯乙烯基酚乙氧基化物例如以商标名BSU(Rhodia),TS160(Clariant)和TS200(Clariant)购得。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂基于该配制剂总重量通常以0.5-20重量%的量包含该至少一种非离子表面活性剂S。非离子表面活性剂S与啶南平衍生物I的量的重量比通常为0.05:1-20:1,优选0.1:1-10:1,尤其是0.2:1-4:1,具体为0.3:1-2:1。基于该配制剂的总重量,非离子表面活性剂S的比例优选为1-10重量%,尤其是2-7重量%。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂基于该配制剂的总重量通常以0.5-30重量%,常常为1-20重量%,尤其是1-10重量%,具体为2-10重量%或3-7重量%的量包含式I的啶南平衍生物。在除了啶南平衍生物I外一种或多种其他活性化合物(例如用于作物保护)的情况下,活性化合物的总浓度基于该配制剂的总重量通常为1-40重量%,常常为1-30重量%,尤其是2-25重量%或2.5-15重量%。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂还可以包含水。对于未稀释配制剂的总重量,水的量通常为至多10重量%,优选至多7重量%,尤其是至多6重量%。明显的是水的量和剩余成分的量总计为100重量%。
根据一个实施方案,本发明液体浓缩物配制剂包含0.5-10重量%,优选1-7重量%,尤其是2-6重量%水。
根据优选实施方案,本发明液体浓缩物配制剂不包含水或基本不包含水,即小于2重量%,优选小于1重量%,尤其是小于0.5重量%的水。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,本发明配制剂包含:
a)基于该配制剂总重量为1-10重量%,尤其是2-10重量%或3-7重量%的式I的啶南平衍生物;
b)基于该配制剂总重量为10-40重量%,尤其是15-35重量%的丙二醇,
c)基于该配制剂总重量为30-80重量%,尤其是35-75重量%的至少一种式(A)的烷氧基化脂族醇;
d)基于该配制剂总重量为1.5-40重量%,尤其是2-35重量%的至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯;以及
e)基于该配制剂总重量为1-10重量%,尤其是2-7重量%的至少一种非离子表面活性剂S;
其中组分a)、b)、c)、d)和e)的组合量加起来为该配制剂总量的至少90重量%,尤其是至少95重量%,具体为至少98重量%。
在本发明的优选配制剂中,该至少一种烷氧基化物为用于提高啶南平衍生物I的杀虫活性的唯一助剂。然而,该烷氧基化物A还可以与额外的不同助剂组合。在后一情况下,本发明配制剂包含至少一种烷氧基化物A和至少一种不同于其的助剂,其中助剂的总量基于该配制剂的总重量通常为至少20重量%,例如20-90重量%,优选至少35重量%,尤其是35-80重量%。
除了式I的啶南平衍生物外,本发明配制剂可以包含用于作物保护的其他活性化合物以提高活性和/或拓宽应用范围,如额外的杀虫剂,例如就啶南平衍生物I而言具有类似或互补活性的杀虫化合物,或具有完全不同生物活性的化合物,例如除草剂、杀真菌剂和植物生长调节剂。然而,式I的啶南平衍生物通常为唯一活性化合物或者占该配制剂中所包含的活性化合物的至少80重量%,优选至少90重量%。
本发明组合物还可以包含常用于农业化学组合物中的助剂。所用助剂分别取决于特定施用形式和活性物质。合适助剂的实例是有机和无机增稠剂,杀菌剂,防冻剂,消泡剂以及合适的话着色剂和增粘剂或粘合剂(例如用于种子处理配制剂)。
增稠剂(即赋予配制剂以改性的流动性,即静态条件下的高粘度和搅动过程中的低粘度的化合物)的实例是多糖以及有机和无机粘土如黄原胶(CPKelco,USA),23(法国Rhodia),(R.T.Vanderbilt,USA)或EngelhardCorp.,NJ,USA)。可以加入杀菌剂来保存和稳定该配制剂。合适杀菌剂的实例是基于双氯酚和苄醇半缩甲醛的那些(ICI的或ThorChemie的RS和Rohm&Haas的MK),以及异噻唑啉酮衍生物如烷基异噻唑啉酮类和苯并异噻唑啉酮类(ThorChemie的MBS)。合适防冻剂的实例是乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素和甘油。消泡剂的实例是聚硅氧烷乳液(例如SRE,德国Wacker或法国Rhodia),长链醇,脂肪酸,脂肪酸盐,有机氟化合物及其混合物。合适的着色剂是低水溶性颜料和水溶性染料。可以提到的实例是以下列名称已知的那些:若丹明B、C.I.颜料红112、C.I.溶剂红1、颜料蓝15:4、颜料蓝15:3、颜料蓝15:2、颜料蓝15:1、颜料蓝80、颜料黄1、颜料黄13、颜料红112、颜料红48:2、颜料红48:1、颜料红57:1、颜料红53:1、颜料橙43、颜料橙34、颜料橙5、颜料绿36、颜料绿7、颜料白6、颜料棕25、碱性紫10、碱性紫49、酸性红51、酸性红52、酸性红14、酸性蓝9、酸性黄23、碱性红10、碱性红108。增粘剂或粘合剂的实例是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇和纤维素醚(日本Shin-Etsu)。
上述常规助剂可以在本发明配制剂制备过程加入并且因此可以任选含于本发明配制剂内。或者,还可以在用水稀释过程中或之后将这些助剂加入即用含水配制剂中,后者在下文更详细描述。
本发明液体浓缩物配制剂通常可以通过简单混合各成分直到形成表观均匀的液体而制备。其中加入各成分的顺序通常不太重要。例如,可以将各成分投入容器中并将如此得到的混合物均化,例如通过搅拌均化,直到形成均匀液体。然而,通常有利的是首先将丙二醇、烷氧基化物A、碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯、表面活性剂S和适用的话水混合在一起,并搅动直到达到表观均匀,然后加入啶南平衍生物I和可能的话其他活性化合物并搅动直到所有活性化合物表观上完全溶解。任选的其他成分,如助剂可以与如此得到的配制剂混合或者在制备工艺的更早阶段加入。混合过程中的温度和进一步混合条件不太重要。各成分的混合通常在10-50℃,尤其是10-40℃的温度下或者在环境温度下进行。
本发明还涉及通过用每份液体配制剂至少5份水,优选至少10份水,尤其是至少20份水,更优选至少50份水,例如10-10,000份,尤其是20-1,000份,更优选50-250份水稀释本发明配制剂而得到的含水即用制剂(所有份数以重量份给出)。
稀释通常通过将本发明液体浓缩物配制剂倾入水中而实现。稀释通常在搅动下,例如在搅拌下实现,以确保该浓缩物在水中快速混合。然而,通常无需搅动。尽管混合温度并不重要,但混合通常在0-50℃,尤其是10-30℃的温度下或环境温度下进行。
用于混合的水通常为自来水。然而,该水可能已经含有用于植物保护中的水溶性化合物,如营养剂(nutrificant)、肥料或水溶性杀害虫剂。
本发明配制剂可以以常规方式施用,例如以稀释形式作为上述含水即用制剂施用。本发明含水即用制剂可以通过喷雾,尤其是叶面喷雾施用。施用可以使用本领域熟练技术人员已知的喷雾技术进行,例如使用水作为载体且喷雾液量为约100-1000升/公顷,例如300-400升/公顷。
本发明进一步涉及一种防治昆虫、蜘蛛或线虫的方法,包括使昆虫、螨虫或线虫或其食物供应源、栖息地、繁殖地或其场所与本发明配制剂或制剂以杀害虫有效量接触。
本发明组合物对选自下列目的动物害虫(例如昆虫、螨虫或线虫)显示出显著的作用:
鳞翅目昆虫(鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)),例如小地老虎(Agrotisypsilon)、黄地老虎(Agrotissegetum)、木棉虫(Alabamaargillacea)、黎豆夜蛾(Anticarsiagemmatalis)、Argyresthiaconjugella、叉纹夜蛾(Autographagamma)、树尺蠖(Bupaluspiniarius)、Cacoeciamurinana、Capuareticulana、Cheimatobiabrumata、云杉色卷蛾(Choristoneurafumiferana)、Choristoneuraoccidentalis、二化螟(Cirphisunipuncta)、苹果小卷蛾(Cydiapomonella)、松毛虫(Dendrolimuspini)、Diaphanianitidalis、西南玉米杆草螟(Diatraeagrandiosella)、埃及钻夜蛾(Eariasinsulana)、南美玉米苗斑螟(Elasmopalpuslignosellus)、女贞细卷蛾(Eupoeciliaambiguella)、Evetriabouliana、Feltiasubterranea、蜡螟(Galleriamellonella)、李小食心虫(Grapholithafunebrana)、梨小食心虫(Grapholithamolesta)、棉铃虫(Heliothisarmigera)、烟芽夜蛾(Heliothisvirescens)、玉米穗虫(Heliothiszea)、菜螟(Hellulaundalis)、Hiberniadefoliaria、美国白蛾(Hyphantriacunea)、苹果巢蛾(Hyponomeutamalinellus)、番茄虫蛾(Keiferialycopersicella)、Lambdinafiscellaria、甜菜夜蛾(Laphygmaexigua)、咖啡潜叶蛾(Leucopteracoffeella)、旋纹潜蛾(Leucopterascitella)、Lithocolletisblancardella、葡萄浆果小卷蛾(Lobesiabotrana)、甜菜网螟(Loxostegesticticalis)、舞毒蛾(Lymantriadispar)、模毒蛾(Lymantriamonacha)、桃潜蛾(Lyonetiaclerkella)、黄褐天幕毛虫(Malacosomaneustria)、甘蓝夜蛾(Mamestrabrassicae)、黄杉毒蛾(Orgyiapseudotsugata)、玉米螟(Ostrinianubilalis)、小眼夜蛾(Panolisflammea)、棉花红铃虫(Pectinophoragossypiella)、疆夜蛾(Peridromasaucia)、圆掌舟蛾(Phalerabucephala)、马铃薯麦蛾(Phthorimaeaoperculella)、柑桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnistiscitrella)、欧洲粉蝶(Pierisbrassicae)、菜粉蝶(Pierisrapae)、苜蓿绿夜蛾(Plathypenascabra)、菜蛾(Plutellaxylostella)、大豆夜蛾(Pseudoplusiaincludens)、Rhyacioniafrustrana、Scrobipalpulaabsoluta、麦蛾(Sitotrogacerealella)、葡萄卷叶蛾(Sparganothispilleriana)、草地夜蛾(Spodopterafrugiperda)、海灰翅夜蛾(Spodopteralittoralis)、斜纹夜蛾(Spodopteralitura)、Thaumatopoeapityocampa、绿色橡木飞蛾(Tortrixviridana)、粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusiani)和Zeirapheracanadensis;
甲虫(鞘翅目(Coleoptera)),例如梨窄吉丁(Agrilussinuatus)、直条叩头虫(Agrioteslineatus)、暗色叩头虫(Agriotesobscurus)、Amphimallussolstitialis、Anisandrusdispar、墨西哥棉铃象(Anthonomusgrandis)、苹花象(Anthonomuspomorum)、Aphthonaeuphoridae、Athoushaemorrhoidalis、甜菜隐食甲(Atomarialinearis)、纵坑切梢小蠹(Blastophaguspiniperda)、Blitophagaundata、蚕豆象(Bruchusrufimanus)、豌豆象(Bruchuspisorum)、欧洲兵豆象(Bruchuslentis)、苹卷象(Byctiscusbetulae)、甜菜大龟甲(Cassidanebulosa)、Cerotomatrifurcata、金花金龟(Cetoniaaurata)、白菜籽龟象(Ceuthorrhynchusassimilis)、芫菁龟象(Ceuthorrhynchusnapi)、甜菜胫跳甲(Chaetocnematibialis)、Conoderusvespertinus、石刁柏负泥虫(Criocerisasparagi)、Ctenicerassp.、长角叶甲(Diabroticalongicornis)、Diabroticasemipunctata、Diabrotica12-punctata、南美叶甲(Diabroticaspeciosa)、玉米根叶甲(Diabroticavirgifera)、墨西哥豆瓢虫(Epilachnavarivestis)、烟草跳甲(Epitrixhirtipennis)、棉灰蒙象变种(Eutinobothrusbrasiliensis)、欧洲松树皮象(Hylobiusabietis)、埃及苜蓿叶象(Hyperabrunneipennis)、紫苜蓿叶象(Hyperapostica)、云杉八齿小蠹(Ipstypographus)、烟草负泥虫(Lemabilineata)、黑角负泥虫(Lemamelanopus)、马铃薯叶甲(Leptinotarsadecemlineata)、Limoniuscalifornicus、稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrusoryzophilus)、Melanotuscommunis、油菜露尾甲(Meligethesaeneus)、大栗鳃金龟(Melolonthahippocastani)、五月鳃金龟(Melolonthamelolontha)、水稻负泥虫(Oulemaoryzae)、葡萄黑耳喙象(Ortiorrhynchussulcatus)、草莓根象甲(Otiorrhynchusovatus)、辣根猿叶甲(Phaedoncochleariae)、梨树叶象(Phyllobiuspyri)、Phyllotretachrysocephala、食叶鳃金龟属(Phyllophagasp.)、庭园发丽金龟(Phylloperthahorticola)、大豆淡足跳甲(Phyllotretanemorum)、黄曲条菜跳甲(Phyllotretastriolata)、日本金龟子(Popilliajaponica)、豌豆叶象(Sitonalineatus)和谷象(Sitophilusgranaria),蝇、蚊(双翅目(Diptera)),例如埃及伊蚊(Aedesaegypti)、白纹伊蚊(Aedesalbopictus)、剌扰伊蚊(Aedesvexans)、墨西哥果蝇(Anastrephaludens)、五斑按蚊(Anophelesmaculipennis)、Anophelescrucians、白足按蚊(Anophelesalbimanus)、冈比亚按蚊(Anophelesgambiae)、Anophelesfreeborni、海南岛白踝按蚊(Anophelesleucosphyrus)、云南微小按蚊(Anophelesminimus)、四斑按蚊(Anophelesquadrimaculatus)、红头丽蝇(Calliphoravicina)、地中海实蝇(Ceratitiscapitata)、蛆症金蝇(Chrysomyabezziana)、Chrysomyahominivorax、Chrysomyamacellaria、鹿蝇(Chrysopsdiscalis)、Chrysopssilacea、Chrysopsatlanticus、螺旋蝇(Cochliomyiahominivorax)、高粱瘿蚊(Contariniasorghicola)、嗜人瘤蝇蛆(Cordylobiaanthropophaga)、狂怒库蠓(Culicoidesfurens)、尖音库蚊(Culexpipiens)、斑蚊(Culexnigripalpus)、致倦库蚊(Culexquinquefasciatus)、媒斑蚊(Culextarsalis)、Culisetainornata、Culisetamelanura、瓜蝇(Dacuscucurbitae)、油橄榄实蝇(Dacusoleae)、油菜叶瘿蚊(Dasineurabrassicae)、Deliaantique、麦地种蝇(Deliacoarctata)、灰地种蝇(Deliaplatura)、甘蓝地种蝇(Deliaradicum)、Dermatobiahominis、小毛厕蝇(Fanniacanicularis)、GeomyzaTripunctata、马蝇(Gasterophilusintestinalis)、刺舌蝇(Glossinamorsitans)、须舌蝇(Glossinapalpalis)、Glossinafuscipes、胶舌蝇(Glossinatachinoides)、Haematobiairritans、Haplodiplosisequestris、潜蝇属(Hippelatesspp.)、花生田灰地种蝇(Hylemyiaplatura)、纹皮蝇(Hypodermalineata)、Leptoconopstorrens、蔬菜斑潜蝇(Liriomyzasativae)、美国潜叶蝇(Liriomyzatrifolii)、Luciliacaprina、铜绿蝇(Luciliacuprina)、丝光绿蝇(Luciliasericata)、Lycoriapectoralis、Mansoniatitillanus、麦瘿蚊(Mayetioladestructor)、秋家蝇(Muscaautumnalis)、家蝇(Muscadomestica)、厩腐蝇(Muscinastabulans)、羊狂蝇(Oestrusovis)、Opomyzaflorum、欧洲麦秆蝇(Oscinellafrit)、天仙子泉蝇(Pegomyahysocyami)、葱蝇(Phorbiaantiqua)、萝卜蝇(Phorbiabrassicae)、麦地种蝇(Phorbiacoarctata)、银足白蛉(Phlebotomusargentipes)、Psorophoracolumbiae、胡萝卜茎蝇(Psilarosae)、Psorophoradiscolor、Prosimuliummixtum、樱桃实蝇(Rhagoletiscerasi)、苹果实蝇(Rhagoletispomonella)、赤尾麻蝇(Sarcophagahaemorrhoidalis)、肉蝇属(Sarcophaga)、Simuliumvittatum、厩螫蝇(Stomoxyscalcitrans)、牛虻(Tabanusbovinus)、Tabanusatratus、红色原虻(Tabanuslineola)、Tabanussimilis、Tipulaoleracea和欧洲大蚊(Tipulapaludosa);
蓟马(缨翅目(Thysanoptera)),例如兰花蓟马(Dichromothripscorbetti)、Dichromothripsssp.、烟褐蓟马(Frankliniellafusca)、苜蓿花蓟马(Frankliniellaoccidentalis)、东方花蓟马(Frankliniellatritici)、桔梗蓟马(Scirtothripscitri)、稻蓟马(Thripsoryzae)、棕榈蓟马(Thripspalmi)和烟蓟马(Thripstabaci),白蚁(等翅目(Isoptera)),例如Calotermesflavicollis、Leucotermesflavipes、金黄异白蚁(Heterotermesaureus)、黄肢散白蚁(Reticulitermesflavipes)、美小黑散白蚁(Reticulitermesvirginicus)、欧洲散白蚁(Reticulitermeslucifugus)、黑胸散白蚁(Reticulitermessantonensis)、Reticulitermesgrassei、Termesnatalensis和台湾乳白蚁(Coptotermesformosanus);
蟑螂(蜚蠊目(Blattaria)-Blattodea),例如德国小蠊(Blattellagermanica)、Blattellaasahinae、美洲大蠊(Periplanetaamericana)、日本大蠊(Periplanetajaponica)、棕色蜚蠊(Periplanetabrunnea)、Periplanetafuligginosa、澳洲蜚蠊(Periplanetaaustralasiae)和东方蜚蠊(Blattaorientalis);
臭虫、蚜虫、叶蝉、粉虱、介壳虫、蝉(半翅目(Hemiptera)),例如拟绿蝽(Acrosternumhilare)、玉米长蝽(Blissusleucopterus)、黑斑烟盲蝽(Cyrtopeltisnotatus)、棉红蝽(Dysdercuscingulatus)、Dysdercusintermedius、麦扁盾蝽(Eurygasterintegriceps)、烟草蝽(Euschistusimpictiventris)、棉红铃喙缘蝽(Leptoglossusphyllopus)、美洲牧草盲蝽(Lyguslineolaris)、牧草盲蝽(Lyguspratensis)、稻绿蝽(Nezaraviridula)、甜菜拟网蝽(Piesmaquadrata)、Solubeainsularis、Thyantaperditor、Acyrthosiphononobrychis、落叶松球蚜(Adelgeslaricis)、Aphidulanasturtii、甜菜蚜(Aphisfabae)、草莓根蚜(Aphisforbesi)、苹果蚜(Aphispomi)、棉蚜(Aphisgossypii)、北美茶簏子蚜(Aphisgrossulariae)、Aphisschneideri、卷叶蚜(Aphisspiraecola)、Aphissambuci、豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphonpisum)、马铃薯蚜(Aulacorthumsolani)、银叶粉虱(Bemisiaargentifolii)、Brachycauduscardui、杏圆尾蚜(Brachycaudushelichrysi)、Brachycauduspersicae、Brachycaudusprunicola、甘蓝蚜(Brevicorynebrassicae)、Capitophorushorni、Cerosiphagossypii、Chaetosiphonfragaefolii、Cryptomyzusribis、高加索冷杉椎球蚜(Dreyfusianordmannianae)、云杉椎球蚜(Dreyfusiapiceae)、居根西圆尾蚜(Dysaphisradicola)、Dysaulacorthumpseudosolani、Dysaphisplantaginea、Dysaphispyri、蚕豆微叶蝉(Empoascafabae)、桃大尾蚜(Hyalopteruspruni)、Hyperomyzuslactucae、麦长管蚜(Macrosiphumavenae)、大戟长管蚜(Macrosiphumeuphorbiae)、蔷薇管蚜(Macrosiphonrosae)、Megouraviciae、巢莱修尾蚜(Melanaphispyrarius)、麦无网蚜(Metopolophiumdirhodum)、Myzodespersicae、冬葱瘤额蚜(Myzusascalonicus)、Myzuscerasi、李瘤蚜(Myzusvarians)、Nasonoviaribis-nigri、稻飞虱(Nilaparvatalugens)、囊柄瘿绵蚜(Pemphigusbursarius)、蔗飞虱(Perkinsiellasaccharicida)、忽布疣蚜(Phorodonhumuli)、苹木虱(Psyllamali)、梨木虱(Psyllapiri)、冬葱瘤蛾蚜(Rhopalomyzusascalonicus)、玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphummaidis)、禾谷溢管蚜(Rhopalosiphumpadi)、Rhopalosiphuminsertum、Sappaphismala、Sappaphismali、麦二叉蚜(Schizaphisgraminum)、Schizoneuralanuginosa、麦长管蚜(Sitobionavenae)、白粉虱(Trialeurodesvaporariorum)、Toxopteraaurantiiand、葡萄根瘤蚜(Viteusvitifolii)、Cimexlectularius、Cimexhemipterus、Reduviussenilis、Triatomaspp.和Ariluscritatus;
蚂蚁、蜜蜂、黄蜂、叶蜂(膜翅目(Hymenoptera)),例如新疆菜叶蜂(Athaliarosae)、切叶蚁(Attacephalotes)、Attacapiguara、Attacephalotes、Attalaevigata、Attarobusta、Attasexdens、Attatexana、举腹蚁属(Crematogaster)、Hoplocampaminuta、Hoplocampatestudinea、黑毛蚁(Lasiusniger)、小黄家蚁(Monomoriumpharaonis)、热带火蚁(Solenopsisgeminata)、红火蚁(Solenopsisinvicta)、黑火蚁(Solenopsisrichteri)、南方火蚁(Solenopsisxyloni)、红蚂蚁(Pogonomyrmexbarbatus)、Pogonomyrmexcalifornicus、大头蚁(Pheidolemegacephala)、天鹅绒蚂蚁(Dasymutillaoccidentalis)、熊蜂属(Bombus)、大黄蜂(Vespulasquamosa)、Paravespulavulgaris、Paravespulapennsylvanica、Paravespulagermanica、姬胡蜂(Dolichovespulamaculata)、黄边胡蜂(Vespacrabro)、胡蜂(Polistesrubiginosa)、Campodontusfloridanus和阿根廷蚁(Linepithemahumile);蟋蟀、蚱蜢、蝗虫(直翅目(Orthoptera)),例如居屋艾蟋(Achetadomestica)、蝼蛄(Gryllotalpagryllotalpa)、飞蝗(Locustamigratoria)、双纹黑蝗(Melanoplusbivittatus)、红足黑蝗(Melanoplusfemurrubrum)、墨西哥黑蝗(Melanoplusmexicanus)、迁飞黑蝗(Melanoplussanguinipes)、石栖黑蝗(Melanoplusspretus)、条纹红蝗(Nomadacrisseptemfasciata)、美洲沙漠蝗(Schistocercaamericana)、非洲沙漠蝗(Schistocercagregaria)、摩洛哥戟纹蝗(Dociostaurusmaroccanus)、庭疾灶螽(Tachycinesasynamorus)、塞内加尔小车蝗(Oedaleussenegalensis)、臭腹腺蝗(Zonozerusvariegatus)、Hieroglyphusdaganensis、Kraussariaangulifera、意大利蝗(Calliptamusitalicus)、澳大利亚灾蝗(Chortoicetesterminifera)和褐飞蝗(Locustanapardalina);
蜘蛛纲(Arachnoidea),如蜘蛛(蜱螨目(Acarina)),例如软蜱科(Argasidae)、硬蜱科(Ixodidae)和疥螨科(Sarcoptidae),如长星形壁虱(Amblyommaamericanum)、热带花蜱(Amblyommavariegatum)、Ambryommamaculatum、波斯锐缘蜱(Argaspersicus)、牛壁虱(Boophilusannulatus)、Boophilusdecoloratus、微小牛蜱(Boophilusmicroplus)、Dermacentorsilvarum、安氏革螨(Dermacentorandersoni)、美洲大革螨(Dermacentorvariabilis)、Hyalommatruncatum、蓖子硬蜱(Ixodesricinus)、Ixodesrubicundus、黑脚硬蜱(Ixodesscapularis)、全环硬蜱(Ixodesholocyclus)、太平洋硬蜱(Ixodespacificus)、Ornithodorusmoubata、Ornithodorushermsi、Ornithodorusturicata、柏氏禽刺螨(Ornithonyssusbacoti)、Otobiusmegnini、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssusgallinae)、绵羊疥病(Psoroptesovis)、棕色犬壁虱(Rhipicephalussanguineus)、Rhipicephalusappendiculatus、Rhipicephalusevertsi、人疥螨(Sarcoptesscabiei),以及瘿螨属(Eriophyidae),如苹果刺锈螨(Aculusschlechtendali)、Phyllocoptrataoleivora和Eriophyessheldoni;细螨属(Tarsonemidae),如Phytonemuspallidus和侧多食跗线螨(Polyphagotarsonemuslatus);细须螨属(Tenuipalpidae),如紫红短须螨(Brevipalpusphoenicis);叶螨属(Tetranychidae),如朱砂叶螨(Tetranychuscinnabarinus)、神泽叶螨(Tetranychuskanzawai)、太平洋叶螨(Tetranychuspacificus)、棉叶螨(Tetranychustelarius)和二点叶螨(Tetranychusurticae),苹果叶螨(Panonychusulmi)、柑椐叶螨(Panonychuscitri)和Oligonychuspratensis;蜘蛛目(Araneida),例如红斑寇蛛(Latrodectusmactans)和褐丝蛛(Loxoscelesreclusa);
蚤(蚤目(Siphonaptera)),例如猫蚤(Ctenocephalidesfelis)、狗蚤(Ctenocephalidescanis)、印鼠客蚤(Xenopsyllacheopis)、致痒蚤(Pulexirritans)、穿皮潜蚤(Tungapenetrans)和具带病蚤(Nosopsyllusfasciatus),衣鱼、家衣鱼(缨尾目(Thysanura)),例如西洋衣鱼(Lepismasaccharina)和斑衣鱼(Thermobiadomestica),
百足虫(唇足纲(Chilopoda)),例如Scutigeracoleoptrata,
千足虫(倍足纲(Diplopoda)),例如Narceusspp.,
蠼蛸(革翅目(Dermaptera)),例如欧洲球螋(forficulaauricularia),
虱(毛虱目(Phthiraptera)),例如人头虱(Pediculushumanuscapitis)、人体虱(Pediculushumanuscorporis)、阴虱(Pthiruspubis)、牛血虱(Haematopinuseurysternus)、猪血虱(Haematopinussuis)、牛颚虱(Linognathusvituli)、Bovicolabovis、鸡虱(Menopongallinae)、Menacanthusstramineus和Solenopotescapillatus;
弹尾目(Collembola(跳虫)),例如棘跳虫属(Onychiurus)。
本发明配制剂和制剂还适合防治线虫:植物寄生线虫如根结线虫,北方根结线虫(Meloidogynehapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)和其他根结线虫属(Meloidogyne);形成胞囊的线虫,马铃薯金线虫(Globoderarostochiensis)和其他球胞囊属(Globodera);禾谷胞囊线虫(Heteroderaavenae)、大豆胞囊线虫(Heteroderaglycines)、甜菜胞囊线虫(Heteroderaschachtii)、三叶草胞囊线虫(Heteroderatrifolii)和其他胞囊线虫属(Heterodera);种子肿瘿线虫,粒线虫属(Anguina);茎叶线虫,滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchoides);刺线虫,杂草刺线虫(Belonolaimuslongicaudatus)和其他针刺线虫属(Belonolaimus);松线虫,松材线虫(Bursaphelenchusxylophilus)和其他伞滑刃线虫属(Bursaphelenchus);环形线虫,环纹线虫属(Criconema)、小环线虫属(Criconemella)、轮线虫属(Criconemoides)、中环线虫属(Mesocriconema);球茎线虫,腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchusdestructor)、甘薯茎线虫(Ditylenchusdipsaci)和其他茎线虫属(Ditylenchus);锥线虫,锥线虫属(Dolichodorus);螺旋形线虫,Heliocotylenchusmulticinctus和其他Helicotylenchus属;鞘线虫和鞘形线虫,鞘线虫属(Hemicycliophora)和半轮线虫属(Hemicriconemoides);潜根线虫属(Hirshmanniella);冠线虫,枪线虫属(Hoplolaimus);伪根结线虫,珍珠线虫属(Nacobbus);针线虫,横带长针线虫(Longidoruselongatus)和其他长针线虫属(Longidorus);根腐线虫,Pratylencusneglectus、穿刺根腐线虫(Pratylenchuspenetrans)、Pratylenchuscurvitatus、全体短体线虫(Pratylenchusgoodeyi)和其他根腐线虫属(Pratylenchus);穿孔线虫,香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholussimilis)和其他穿孔线虫属(Radopholus);肾形线虫,盘旋线虫(Rotylenchusrobustus)和其他肾状线虫属(Rotylenchus);Scutellonema属;残根线虫,原始毛刺线虫(Trichodorusprimitivus)和其他毛刺线虫属(Trichodorus);拟毛刺属(Paratrichodorus);阻长线虫,马齿苋矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchusclaytoni)、顺逆矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchusdubius)和其他矮化线虫属(Tylenchorhynchus);柑桔线虫,半穿刺线虫属(Tylenchulus);剑线虫,剑线虫属(Xiphinema);以及其他植物寄生线虫。
本发明配制剂和制剂可以施用于害虫的任何及所有发育阶段,如卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫。可以通过使目标害虫、其食物供应源、栖息地、繁殖地或其场所与杀害虫有效量的本发明配制剂和制剂接触而防治害虫。“场所”是指其中害虫生长或可能生长的植物、植物繁殖材料(优选种子)、土壤、区域、材料或环境。
通常而言,“杀害虫有效量”是指对生长获得可观察到的效果所需的本发明配制剂和制剂的量,所述效果包括坏死、死亡、阻滞、预防和去除效果,破坏效果或减少动物害虫的出现和活动的效果。对于在本发明中使用的各种配制剂和制剂,杀害虫有效量可以变化。配制剂和制剂的杀害虫有效量也会根据主要条件如所需杀害虫效果及持续时间、气候、目标物种、场所、施用方式等而变化。
本发明配制剂和制剂通过用杀害虫有效量的活性化合物处理动物害虫或者要防止害虫侵袭的植物、植物繁殖材料(优选种子)、材料或土壤而使用。施用可以在材料、植物或植物繁殖材料(优选种子)被害虫侵染之前和之后进行。
优选通过用杀害虫有效量的活性化合物经由叶面施用处理动物害虫或者要防止害虫侵袭的植物或土壤而使用本发明配制剂和制剂。此外,施用也可以在植物被害虫侵染之前和之后进行。
在防治动物害虫(昆虫、螨虫或线虫)的方法中,本发明配制剂和制剂的施用率取决于害虫侵染强度、植物的发育阶段、施用场所的气候条件、施用方法、啶南平衍生物I是单独使用还是与其他活性化合物组合使用以及所需效果。施用率通常为0.1-10000g/ha,优选1-5000g/ha,更优选20-1000g/ha,最优选10-750g/ha,尤其是20-500g/ha的总活性化合物。
在本发明上下文中,术语植物是指整个植物、植物部分或植物的繁殖材料。
可以用本发明配制剂和制剂处理的植物以及所述植物的繁殖材料包括所有基因修饰植物或转基因植物,例如由于育种(包括基因工程方法)而耐受除草剂或杀真菌剂或杀虫剂的作用的作物,或与现有植物相比具有修饰过的特性的植物,它们例如可以通过传统育种方法和/或产生突变体或通过重组程序产生。
例如,本发明配制剂和制剂还可以(作为种子处理、喷雾处理、犁沟内或通过任何其他方式)施用于已经通过育种、诱变或基因工程修饰的植物,包括但不限于上市销售或开发的农业生物技术产品(参见http://www.bio.org/speeches/pubs/er/agri_products.asp)。基因修饰植物是其基因材料通过使用在自然条件下不易通过杂交、突变或自然重组得到的重组DNA技术修饰的植物。通常将一个或多个基因整合到基因修饰植物的遗传材料中以改善植物的某些性能。这类基因修饰还包括但不限于蛋白质、寡肽或多肽的靶向翻译后修饰,例如通过糖基化或聚合物加成如异戊二烯化、乙酰化或法呢基化结构部分或PEG结构部分。
通过育种、诱变或基因工程修饰的植物例如已经因常规育种或基因工程方法而耐受特殊类别除草剂的施用,例如羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂;乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制剂如磺酰脲类(例如见US6,222,100、WO01/82685、WO00/26390、WO97/41218、WO98/02526、WO98/02527、WO04/106529、WO05/20673、WO03/14357、WO03/13225、WO03/14356、WO04/16073)或咪唑啉酮类(例如见US6,222,100、WO01/82685、WO00/026390、WO97/41218、WO98/002526、WO98/02527、WO04/106529、WO05/20673、WO03/014357、WO03/13225、WO03/14356、WO04/16073);烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸3-磷酸合成酶(EPSPS)抑制剂如草甘膦(glyphosate)(例如见WO92/00377);谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)抑制剂如草铵膦(glufosinate)(例如见EP-A242236、EP-A242246)或oxynil除草剂(例如见US5,559,024)。几种栽培植物已经通过常规育种(诱变)方法而耐受除草剂,例如夏播油菜(Canola,德国BASFSE)耐受咪唑啉酮类如咪草啶酸(imazamox)。基因工程方法已经用于使栽培植物如大豆、棉花、玉米、甜菜和油菜耐受除草剂如草甘膦和草铵膦,它们中的一些可以以商品名(耐受草甘膦Monsanto,U.S.A.)和(耐受草铵膦,德国BayerCropScience)市购。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种杀虫蛋白的植物,该蛋白尤其是由芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)细菌已知的那些,特别是由苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis)已知的那些,例如δ-内毒素如CryIA(b)、CryIA(c)、CryIF、CryIF(a2)、CryIIA(b)、CryIIIA、CryIIIB(b1)或Cry9c;无性杀虫蛋白(VIP)如VIP1、VIP2、VIP3或VIP3A;线虫定居细菌的杀虫蛋白如发光杆菌属(Photorhabdus)或致病杆菌属(Xenorhabdus);动物产生的毒素如蝎毒素、蜘蛛毒素、黄蜂毒素或其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;真菌产生的毒素如链霉菌属(Streptomycetes)毒素,植物凝集素如豌豆或大麦凝集素;凝集素;蛋白酶抑制剂如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、patatin、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂或木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP)如蓖麻蛋白、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒蛋白、丝瓜籽蛋白、皂草素或异株腹泻毒蛋白(bryodin);类固醇代谢酶如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕皮甾类-IDP糖基转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕皮激素抑制剂或HMG-CoA还原酶;离子通道阻断剂如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂;保幼激素酯酶;利尿激素受体(helicokinin受体);合成酶,联苄合成酶,壳多糖酶或葡聚糖酶。就本发明而言,这些杀虫蛋白或毒素还具体理解为前毒素、杂合蛋白、截短的或其他方面改性的蛋白。杂合蛋白的特征在于蛋白域的新型组合(例如见WO02/015701)。该类毒素或能够合成该类毒素的基因修饰植物的其他实例公开于例如EP-A374753、WO93/007278、WO95/34656、EP-A427529、EP-A451878、WO03/18810和WO03/52073中。生产该类基因修饰植物的方法对本领域熟练技术人员通常是已知的且例如描述于上述出版物中。这些含于基因修饰植物中的杀虫蛋白赋予产生这些蛋白的植物以对所有分类学上为节肢动物的害虫,尤其是甲虫(鞘翅目(Coeloptera))、双翅昆虫(双翅目(Diptera))、蛾(鳞翅目(Lepidoptera))和线虫(线虫纲(Nematoda))的耐受性。能够合成一种或多种杀虫蛋白的基因修饰植物例如描述于上述出版物中,它们中的一些可市购,例如(产生毒素Cry1Ab的玉米品种),Plus(产生毒素Cry1Ab和Cry3Bb1的玉米品种),(产生毒素Cry9c的玉米品种),RW(产生毒素Cry34Ab1、Cry35Ab1和酶膦丝菌素-N-乙酰转移酶[PAT]的玉米品种);33B(产生毒素Cry1Ac的棉花品种),I(产生毒素Cry1Ac的棉花品种),II(产生毒素Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab2的棉花品种);(产生VIP毒素的棉花品种);(产生毒素Cry3A的土豆品种); Bt11(例如CB)和法国SyngentaSeedsSAS的Bt176(产生毒素Cry1Ab和PAT酶的玉米品种),法国SyngentaSeedsSAS的MIR604(产生毒素Cry3A的修饰译本的玉米品种,参见WO03/018810),比利时MonsantoEuropeS.A.的MON863(产生毒素Cry3Bb1的玉米品种),比利时MonsantoEuropeS.A.的IPC531(产生毒素Cry1Ac的修饰译本的棉花品种)和比利时PioneerOverseasCorporation的1507(产生毒素Cry1F和PAT酶的玉米品种)。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种对细菌、病毒或真菌病原体的耐受性或抗性增强的蛋白质的植物。该类蛋白的实例是所谓的“与发病机理相关的蛋白”(PR蛋白,例如参见EP-A392225),植物病害抗性基因(例如表达针对来自野生墨西哥土豆Solanumbulbocastanum的致病疫霉(Phytophthorainfestans)起作用的抗性基因的土豆栽培品种)或T4溶菌酶(例如能够合成对细菌如Erwiniaamylvora的耐受性增强的这些蛋白的土豆栽培品种)。生产该类基因修饰植物的方法对本领域熟练技术人员通常是已知的且例如描述于上述出版物中。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种蛋白以提高这些植物的产量(例如生物质生产、谷粒产量、淀粉含量、油含量或蛋白质含量),对干旱、盐或其他生长限制性环境因素的耐受性或对害虫以及真菌、细菌或病毒病原体的耐受性的植物。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而含有改变量的物质含量或新物质含量以尤其改善人类或动物营养的植物,例如产生促进健康的长链ω-3脂肪酸或不饱和ω-9脂肪酸的油料作物(例如油菜,加拿大DOWAgroSciences)。
此外,还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而含有改变量的物质含量或新物质含量以尤其改善原料生产的植物,例如产生增加量的支链淀粉的土豆(例如土豆,德国BASFSE)。
本发明配制剂和制剂通过接触(经由土壤、玻璃、墙壁、床网、地毯、植物部分或动物部分)和摄取(诱饵或植物部分)以及通过交哺和转移而有效。
优选的施用方法是经由土壤、裂纹和裂缝施用于水体,施用于牧场、粪堆、下水道,施用于水中、地板、墙壁上,或者通过周边喷雾施用和诱饵施用。
用本发明配制剂及其相应制剂或组合物控制由非植物病原性昆虫传递的传染性疾病(例如疟疾、登革热和黄热病,淋巴丝虫病以及利什曼病)的方法也包括处理棚屋和房子的表面、空气喷雾和浸渍窗帘、帐篷、衣物、床品、采采蝇网等。施用于纤维、织物、编织物、无纺织物、网状材料或箔以及篷布上的杀虫组合物优选包含包括本发明配制剂、任选的驱除剂和至少一种粘合剂的组合物。
本发明配制剂和制剂可以用于保护木质材料如树木、护栏、枕木等,以及建筑物如房子、附属建筑、工厂,还有建筑材料、家具、皮革、纤维、乙烯基制品、电线和电缆等以防蚂蚁和/或白蚁,并防止蚂蚁和白蚁损害作物或人类(例如当害虫侵入房子和公共设施时)。
在土壤处理或施用于害虫居住地或巢穴的情况下,活性化合物量为0.0001-500g/100m2,优选0.001-20g/100m2。
在材料保护中的常规施用率例如为0.01-1000g活性化合物/m2被处理材料,理想的是0.1-50g/m2被处理材料。
本发明进一步涉及保护植物繁殖材料的方法,本文也称为种子处理方法,该方法包括使植物繁殖材料与本发明配制剂或制剂或由其衍生的组合物以杀害虫有效量接触。种子处理方法包括所有本领域熟练技术人员已知的适合处理种子的方法,例如拌种、种子包衣、种子浸泡、种子包膜、种子多层包衣、种子包壳、种子浸润、种子撒粉和种子造粒。
本发明配制剂和制剂可以直接用于种子处理。或者,本发明配制剂和制剂可以使用熟练技术人员已知的方法转化成种子处理用组合物,例如通过加入助剂如着色剂、增粘剂或粘合剂。
在本发明种子处理的第一实施方案中,将意欲播种的种子,即能够繁殖的植物产品用本发明配制剂或制剂或由其衍生的组合物处理。这里术语种子包括种子和能够繁殖的任何类型植物部分,包括种子、种粮、种子部分、秧苗、秧苗的根、树苗、嫩芽、果实、块茎、谷物、插条等,尤其是谷粒和种子。
或者,种子也可以在播种过程中用本发明配制剂或制剂或由其衍生的组合物处理。在本发明种子处理或土壤处理的另一实施方案中,在播种种子之前或之后用本发明配制剂或制剂或由其衍生的组合物处理犁沟。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,将本发明配制剂或制剂用于保护种子、秧苗的根或嫩芽,优选种子。
已经按照本发明处理的种子的特征在于与常规处理种子相比的有利的性能且因此也形成本申请主题的一部分。以该方式处理的种子通常以0.1g-10kg/100kg种子,优选0.1g-1kg/100kg种子的量包含本发明配制剂。
下列实施例进一步说明本发明:
实施例
原料:
杀虫剂A:式I的啶南平衍生物。
助剂A:烷氧基化脂肪醇,在室温下为液体,浸渍润湿力:>300s(根据DIN1772在23℃下以在2g/L碳酸钠中的1g/l),水含量5-10重量%,表面张力:约32mN/m(根据DIN14370在23℃下以1g/L)—LF1300(BASF)。
碳酸亚烷基酯A:碳酸亚丙酯—AG-1555(Huntsman)。
表面活性剂A:三苯乙烯基酚乙氧基化物,用16摩尔氧化乙烯乙氧基化,HLB值为12.6—BSU(Rhodia)。
本文所涉及的HLB(亲水亲油平衡)值是根据Griffin的HLB值(W.C.Griffin,J.Soc.Cosmet.Chem.1,311(1950);5,249(1954)—还参见H.Mollet等“FormulationTechnology”,第1版,Wiley-VCHVerlagsGmbH,Weinheim2001,第70-73页及其中引用的文献)。
实施例1:
通过将相应量的啶南平衍生物I缓慢加入充分搅动量的碳酸亚烷基酯A中而制备啶南平衍生物I在碳酸亚烷基酯A中的浓度分别为10重量%和20重量%的两种溶液。在两种情况下啶南平衍生物I完全溶解花约1小时。在搅动持续另外约2小时后该清澈溶液开始变浑浊,这表明沉淀出啶南平衍生物I的碳酸亚丙酯溶剂化物晶体。显微分析证实沉淀确实是结晶的。
配制剂实施例:
实施例2-5和对比例:
本发明配制剂实施例2-5和对比配制剂实施例列于表1中。表1示出了用于制备相应配制剂的成分及其量。制备在室温下按如下进行:
首先将助剂A、丙二醇、表面活性剂A和适用的话碳酸亚烷基酯A加入容器中并在搅拌下混合直到得到均相混合物。然后将杀虫剂A加入该混合物中并继续搅拌,直到杀虫剂A完全溶解。
II.配制剂稳定性测试
所制备的配制剂的储存稳定性通过将各配制剂实施例的样品在室温(22℃)、低温(-20℃)或高温(65℃)下保持7天而检测。此外,要保持在22℃下的配制剂实施例2-6的样品在7天储存之前已经用在实施例1中制备的啶南平衍生物I的碳酸亚丙酯溶剂化物晶体播晶种。在7天期后监测样品外观。清澈且均相液体表明配制剂稳定,而模糊、浑浊或乳状液体,尤其是呈现相分离或沉淀的液体表明配制剂不稳定。这些稳定性测试的结果示于下表2中。
表1:配制剂实施例(数值为以重量%计的比例)
实施例 | 对比 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
杀虫剂A | 5 | 5 | 4.9 | 4.76 | 4.9 |
丙二醇 | 50 | 19 | 19.1 | 31.24 | 18 |
助剂A | 40 | 40 | 64 | 40 | 70.6 |
碳酸亚烷基酯A | - | 31 | 7 | 19 | 4 |
表面活性剂A | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2.5 |
总计 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
成品配制剂外观 | th* | ch* | ch* | ch* | ch* |
*缩写:th=浑浊且不均匀,ch=清澈且均匀
表2:储存稳定性
*缩写:ps=相分离,ch=清澈且均匀
稳定性测试结果表明本发明配制剂不仅在室温下而且在非常低和高的温度(-20℃和65℃)下长期储存时保持稳定,而不包括本发明助剂的对比配制剂在所有三种温度下相同时间之后已经解离成两相。
Claims (23)
1.一种液体浓缩物配制剂,包含:
a)基于所述配制剂总重量为0.5-30重量%的式I化合物:
b)基于所述配制剂总重量为3-50重量%的丙二醇,
c)基于所述配制剂总重量为20-85重量%的至少一种式(A)的烷氧基化脂族醇:
Ra-O-(CmH2mO)x-(CnH2nO)y-(CpH2pO)z-Rb(A)
其中
Ra表示C8-C36烷基、C8-C36链烯基或其混合物;
Rb表示H或C1-C12烷基;
m、n、p相互独立地表示2-16的整数;
x、y、z相互独立地表示0-50的数;以及
x+y+z对应于2-50的值,
d)基于所述配制剂总重量为1-50重量%的至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯,以及
e)基于所述配制剂总重量为0.5-20重量%的至少一种不同于烷氧基化脂族醇A的非离子表面活性剂S,
其中组分a)、b)、c)、d)和e)的组合量加起来为所述配制剂总量的至少90重量%。
2.根据权利要求1的配制剂,基于所述配制剂总重量以1-20重量%的量包含所述非离子表面活性剂S,其中所述非离子表面活性剂S为至少一种低聚-C2-C3氧化烯二-或三苯乙烯基苯基醚。
3.根据权利要求1的配制剂,其中式(A)中的Ra表示线性C14-C36烷基、C14-C36链烯基或其混合物。
4.根据权利要求2的配制剂,其中式(A)中的Ra表示线性C14-C36烷基、C14-C36链烯基或其混合物。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中式(A)中的变量m、n、p相互独立地表示2-5的整数。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中式(A)中的变量m、n、p相互独立地表示整数2或3。
7.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中式(A)中变量x、y和z的总和x+y+z对应于5-50的值。
8.根据权利要求6的配制剂,其中式(A)中变量x、y和z的总和x+y+z对应于5-50的值。
9.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中式(A)中变量x、y和z的总和x+y+z对应于10-30的值。
10.根据权利要求6的配制剂,其中式(A)中变量x、y和z的总和x+y+z对应于10-30的值。
11.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中所述碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯为碳酸亚丙酯。
12.根据权利要求10的配制剂,其中所述碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯为碳酸亚丙酯。
13.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,包含:
a)基于所述配制剂总重量为1-10重量%的式I化合物,
b)基于所述配制剂总重量为10-40重量%的丙二醇,
c)基于所述配制剂总重量为30-80重量%的至少一种式(A)的烷氧基化脂族醇,
d)基于所述配制剂总重量为1.5-40重量%的至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯,和
e)基于所述配制剂总重量为1-10重量%的至少一种非离子表面活性剂S。
14.根据权利要求12的配制剂,包含:
a)基于所述配制剂总重量为1-10重量%的式I化合物,
b)基于所述配制剂总重量为10-40重量%的丙二醇,
c)基于所述配制剂总重量为30-80重量%的至少一种式(A)的烷氧基化脂族醇,
d)基于所述配制剂总重量为1.5-40重量%的至少一种碳酸C2-C4亚烷基酯,和
e)基于所述配制剂总重量为1-10重量%的至少一种非离子表面活性剂S。
15.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,以水溶性液体浓缩物形式配制。
16.根据权利要求14的配制剂,以水溶性液体浓缩物形式配制。
17.一种通过用水稀释根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂而得到的含水即用制剂。
18.一种保护植物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染的方法,包括使植物或其中植物生长的土壤或水体与根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂或根据权利要求17的即用制剂以杀害虫有效量接触。
19.一种防治无脊椎动物害虫的方法,包括使无脊椎动物害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地、繁殖地或其场所与根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂或根据权利要求17的即用制剂以杀害虫有效量接触。
20.一种保护植物繁殖材料以防无脊椎动物害虫的方法,包括使植物繁殖材料与根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂或根据权利要求17的即用制剂以杀害虫有效量接触。
21.用根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂处理种子的方法,其中所述种子包含所述配制剂。
22.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂或根据权利要求17的即用制剂在防治或防除无脊椎动物害虫中的用途。
23.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的配制剂或根据权利要求17的即用制剂在保护生长中的植物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染中的用途。
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