CN1041770A - 水分散性疏水增稠剂 - Google Patents

水分散性疏水增稠剂 Download PDF

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CN1041770A
CN1041770A CN88107174A CN88107174A CN1041770A CN 1041770 A CN1041770 A CN 1041770A CN 88107174 A CN88107174 A CN 88107174A CN 88107174 A CN88107174 A CN 88107174A CN 1041770 A CN1041770 A CN 1041770A
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罗杰·E·内夫
罗德里克·格林·赖尔斯
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Abstract

一种分散于水介质中的水溶性的聚合物,它增加了水介质的低剪切粘度,该聚合物有疏水侧基,例如,一种丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸十二烷酯/丙烯酸三元聚合物。当遭受剪切、加热或高浓度电解质(盐)时,增稠的水介质仍能保持适用于需要的粘度的粘滞液体。应用范围可包括用作液体流动控制剂、压裂液、钻探泥浆以增加油回收的工艺以及液压用流体和润滑剂。

Description

本发明涉及含有可用水分散的聚合物,它可用作增加水介质粘度的增稠剂。
美国专利NO.4432881揭示了一种增稠剂,该增稠剂包括一种具有疏水侧基的水溶性聚合物和一种可用水分散的表面活性剂,它具有疏水基团并能和聚合物的疏水基团相结合。专利权人指出增稠剂的两种组份的有关比例是这样的,当增稠剂以占水0.5%(w/w)浓度分散于水中时,水的粘度至少加倍,含增稠剂的水可用于加工机械剪切而不致明显地减少粘度。另外,所述的增稠剂在诸如氯化钠等电解质液存在下增稠剂的粘度也不致减少。
对于上面所述专利揭示的共聚物可用以生产增稠剂,其组成包括一种诸如丙烯酰胺的水溶性单体和具有疏水基团的共聚用单体诸如丙烯酸十二烷酯或甲基丙烯酸酯。专利权人指出当这样的共聚物与含疏水基团的表面活性剂结合时,结果形成增稠剂加入水时水粘度增加。
申请人发现表面活性剂不是必需的,因为其必要性可通过用第三种单体如水溶性单体与其它两种单体共聚时产生了一种水溶性三聚体而消除。据美国4432881所揭示的共聚物在产生一定高分子量时是水不溶性的并且即使指定量的表面活性剂存在时也无这里所述的功能。因此,所述专利的共聚物事实上为了其水溶性而使分子量受到限定。
申请人发现有用的增稠剂是含有很高分子量的聚合物,例如,直到10,000,000可以在没有美国专利4432881所指出的必需的表面活性剂。因此,含有很高分子量的聚合物的增稠剂可被应用,该聚合物根据美国4432881生产时不能有这里所述的功能。此剂表现出热稳定性、电解质耐受力和良好的抗剪切能力。
本发明旨在发现一种增稠剂,它主要包括具有疏水侧基的水溶性聚合物和一种水溶性无机盐。当增稠剂分散于水中时,水的粘度明显增加。含有本发明增稠剂的介质可受到坚固的机械剪切而不明显减少粘度。即使在水介质中加入含相当浓度的电解质诸如硬水或盐水中。实际粘度能明显增加。因此,在高温、高电解质浓度和高机械剪切,诸如需用高剪切泵汲送的水介质。这里的瞬时增稠剂都有各种不同的应用以使水介质增加粘度。诸如钻探泥浆的配制、压裂液体、液体流动控制剂、无机盐水溶液、液压用的流体、润滑剂、摩擦减少剂、悬浮剂及不溶性微粒的水悬浮液中如涂料配方的应用是有效的。
本发明也与含一定量能有效地增加介质粘度的增稠剂的水介质有关。
本发明提出的一个优选的具体例子中,含增稠剂的水介质在增加油回收过程中是一种有用的流动控制液。本发明在此具体化的实施中,增稠的水介质通过一个注射油井注入后由所说的油井渗透形成的多孔地下层并流过开采油的井。
本发明的再一个应用是将增稠剂用作钻探泥浆配制或压裂液,在这其中增稠剂以一定量存在下,增加到配制液或液体所需的粘度。
本发明旨在寻找一种作为增稠的水溶液的水溶性组成物,它必须包括:
A)一种水溶性增稠剂,它主要包括
一种有疏水侧基的水溶性聚合物,所述的聚合物是两种水溶性含烯键不饱和单体及一种有至少8个碳原子疏水基团的水不溶性含烯键的不饱和单体所组成的三聚体。
a)一种水溶性单体是含烯键的不饱和酰胺,
b)另一种水溶性单体是不饱和含烯键的酰胺的N取代衍生物、不饱和含烯键的羧酸、不饱和含烯键的季铵盐、不饱和羧酸的磺化烷基酯、不饱和羧酸氨基链烷酯、二烯丙基胺、二烯丙基铵化合物或磺酸乙烯基芳香基酯,及,
c)水不溶性单体是不饱和α,β-含烯键的羧酸高级烷酯、不饱和烯羧酸芳烷酯、N-链烷基不饱和含烯键的酰胺、乙烯基链烷醚或键烷基苯乙烯,及,
B)一种水溶性的无机盐。
这里三聚物的分子量是这样的,在相同浓度下,只有相同分子量的化合物a)和c)的共聚物是水不溶的,单体b)的浓度可用单体a)的相等浓度替代。
与发明的目的相适应,水溶性聚合物与水结合时形成了热力学稳定的混合物。此混合物自然形成,包括在真溶液之中的聚合物分子与微胞一样地分散良好,或者在胶体溶液中聚合物分子在某种程度上聚合,但该聚合不大于胶体的颗粒尺寸。
水溶性聚合物的分子量是足够低的,结果是含聚合物0.1%(w/w)的水介质可用于以10,000秒速度的剪切而不引起聚合物的明显降解。此外,聚合物有这样的分子量,当0.5份重量的聚合物溶于100份重量的水中,水的Brookfield粘度至少增加2厘泊(用带μI接头装备的Brookfield        LVT粘度计在25℃和6转/分钟下测量)。本发明所用的水溶性聚合物的分子量,由内在粘度的测量所决定,较好的范围是21,000,000至20,000,000,最好是5,000,000至15,000,000。
水溶性聚合物的疏水侧基是具有可与下面之一相比拟的疏水性有机基团:诸如C4至C20烷基和环烷基的至少有4个碳原子的脂族烃基;诸如萘基的多核芳香烃基;有1个或更多碳原子烷基的烷芳基;有4个或更多碳原子的卤代烷基,全氟烃基较好;聚亚烷氧基,这里的亚烷基为亚丙基或较高级的亚烷基并且每个疏水部分至少要有1个亚烷氧基单元。水溶性聚合物的疏水部分浓度是能足以增加水介质粘度的浓度。较好的聚合物疏水基浓度是这样的,当一份重量的聚合物溶于100份重量的水介质中,水介质的Brookfield粘度是含1%(w/w)亲水聚合物的水介质的两倍,该亲水聚合物除了没有疏水基外其它都与疏水聚合物一样。例如,如果含有1%(w/w)的丙烯酰胺的丙烯酸共聚物(亲水聚合物)的水溶液,其Brookfield粘度为10厘泊,含1%(w/w)相应的疏水三聚体的水溶液,如丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸/丙烯酸十二烷酯三聚物其Mw相当于丙烯酰胺共聚物,其Brookfield粘度至少为20厘泊。
典型的水溶性聚合物包括水溶性的不饱和烯键单体和疏水的不饱和烯键单体的三聚体,这里的疏水单体浓度足以提供疏水部分所需要的浓度。比较好地,水溶性聚合物是上述a)和b)合并的单体约9至99.995摩尔%与一种或几种疏水单体约0.005至2摩尔%相结合的三聚体。对于水溶性三聚体来说,据发现疏水单体的较好用量随聚合物分子量的不同而不同。例如,分子量将近2,000,000的水溶性三聚体,其疏水单体的含量从约1到2摩尔%较好。另一方面,分子量为15,000,000的水溶性聚合物其疏水单体较好含量为约0.05至约0.25摩尔%。
合适的水溶性单体包括那些可充分溶解于水中形成至少10%(w/w)的溶液并且很容易经过附加的聚合作用形成水溶性的聚合物。典型的水溶性单体与上述的a)一样,包括诸如丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺和高马酰胺的不饱和含烯键的酰胺。
与上述的b)一样,合适的水溶性单体包括如2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸的不饱和烯酰胺的N取代衍生物、N-(二甲基氨甲基)丙烯酰胺以及N-(三甲基丙基铵甲基,丙烯酰胺氯化物和N-三甲基丙基铵甲基丙烯酰胺氯化物;诸如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、亚甲基丁二酸和富马酸等不饱和含烯键的羧酸。诸如二甲基氨乙基丙烯酸含酯氯代甲烷盐、乙烯苄基三甲基氯化铵的不饱和烯键季铵化合物;诸如甲基丙烯酸2-磺烷酯的不饱和羧酸磺烷酸;诸如甲基丙烯酸2-氨基乙酯的不饱和羧酸氨烷酯;诸如乙烯吡啶和乙烯吗啉、二烯丙基胺的乙烯基胺和如二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的二烯丙基季铵盐;诸如乙烯基吡咯烷酮的乙烯杂环酰胺;诸如磺酸乙烯苄酯的磺酸乙烯芳基酯以及前面单体的盐。前述的a)和b)水溶性单体中,以丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸的合用较佳,丙烯酰胺和占总体水溶性单体75摩尔%的丙烯酸合并使用是更好的。最好是丙烯酰胺约5到50摩尔%与丙烯酸约15到30摩尔%的混合物形成水溶性单体的聚合物是最好的。
合适的疏水单体c)是水不溶性单体,即是在100份重量水中仅溶解少于0.2份重量的疏水单体。典型的疏水单体包括诸如丙烯酸十二烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷酯、丙烯酸十三烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十三烷酯、丙烯酸十四烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十四烷酯、丙烯酸十八烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十八烷酯的α,β-烯键不饱和羧酸的高级烷酯、马来酸酐的半乙基酯、马来酸二乙酯和用8到20个碳原子的烷醇与诸如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸酐、富马酸、衣康酸和鸟头酸等的含烯键的不饱和羧酸反应得到的其它烷酯、诸如丙烯酸壬基-α-苯酯、甲基丙烯酸壬基-α-苯酯、丙烯酸十二烷基-α-苯酯以及甲基丙烯酸十二烷基-α-苯酯的含烯键不饱和羧酸芳烷酯;诸如N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺、N-十八烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二辛基丙烯酰胺和它们相似衍生物的N-烷基含烯键的不饱和酰胺;诸如1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯和1-十六碳烯的α-链烯诸如月桂酸乙烯酯、硬酯酸乙烯酯等含有至少8个碳原子的烷酸乙烯酯诸如十二烷基乙烯基醚和十六烷基乙烯基醚的乙烯基烷基醚;诸如N-乙烯基十二烷酸烷酰胺和N-乙烯基硬脂酰胺的N-乙烯基酰胺;及诸如叔丁基苯乙烯的芳香-烷基苯乙烯。在前面所述的疏水单体中,丙烯酸烷酯和甲基烯酸烷酯是比较好的,这里的烷基有8至20个碳原子。有10至20个碳原子烷基的丙烯酸烷酯更好。丙烯酸十二烷酯最好。
前述的含疏水部分的水溶性三聚物通过水溶性单体和疏水单体用常规聚合技术聚合很易制得,强烈搅拌水溶性单体混合物的水溶液,加入疏水单体或疏水单体混合物。此例中,水溶性单体及疏水单体溶于中性有机溶剂中,通过一些溶剂聚合法可制得水溶性聚合物,这里中性有机溶剂作为聚合稀释剂。最有效的水溶性三聚体系通过水溶性单体和疏水单体共聚制得,其中水溶性单体∶疏水单体的摩尔比从98∶2至约99.995∶0.005,较好的是从99∶1至99.9∶0.1。
疏水单体和水溶性单体的聚合可以在含有一种用于疏水单体的乳化剂和能产生游离基的聚合引发剂的水介质中进行。在大部分实例中,要求乳化剂能适合于疏水单体的分散以及接着能得到的有均匀成分的三聚体。一种链转移剂可选择性地包括在聚合反应混合物中。相应地,在单体基础上,用0.01至0.1重量%的引发剂及0.1至1重量%的乳化剂是必需的。
典型的合适的聚合引发剂包括诸如过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵和过硫酸钠等的无机过硫酸盐;诸如偶氮二异丁腈和偶氮异丁酸二甲酯的偶氮催化剂;诸如苄基过氧化物、叔丁基过氧化物、二异丙基苯氢化氧化物和叔丁基氢过氧化物的有机过氧化合物。
合适的乳化剂包括诸如烷基硫酸碱金属盐、烷基及芳基硫酸碱金属盐的阴离子剂,例如,磺基琥珀酸十二烷基链烷酯、十二烷基苯基硫酸钠;脂肪酸皂,例如,油酸钠、硬脂酸钠和油酸钾;磺化脂肪醇的碱金属盐,如,十二烷基硫酸钠;乙氧基醇硫醇盐;磷酸链烷酯,例如,十二烷基磷酸氢基酯;含氟乳化剂,例如,全氟烷烃硫酸盐;及其它类似物质。合适的乳化剂也包括诸如链烷基胺单氢氯化物的阳离子乳化剂,例如,十二烷基胺单氢氯化物和三癸基胺单氢氯化物;诸如十二烷基三甲基氯化铵的链烷或芳烷季铵化合物;乙氧基脂肪胺及其它在Mc        Cutcheon的洗涤剂和乳化剂,北美版,1987年鉴(North        American        Edition        1987        Annal)中所描述的乳化剂。总之,当水溶性聚合物是阴离子型或非离子型时,可将诸如链烷基硫酸碱金属盐的阴离子乳化剂较好地用作乳化剂。当水溶性聚合物是阳离子型时,诸如十二烷胺单氢氯化物的阳离子乳化剂可被采用。当水溶性聚合物为非离子型、阴离子型或阳离子型时,可很合适地应用诸如每分子有10个乙烯氧基单元的壬苯氧基聚乙二醇的非离子型乳化剂。
当在水液中须要除去水时可通过真空蒸出水或共沸蒸出,这样水溶性的三聚物很容易从水介质中回收。另一方面,可通过加入甲醇或无水丙酮引起了水溶性三聚体从水介质中的相分离,这样的三聚体可被分离。作为进一步的替换,含水溶性三聚体的水介质即可照此应用。
现也已了解到丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸和疏水单体的水溶性三聚体可通过所有三种单体共聚或将丙烯酰胺和疏水单体共聚,随后用诸如氢氧化钠和/或碳酸钠的碱与共聚物接触水解部分共聚的丙烯酰胺来制得。
本发明的增稠剂在其能均匀分布于水介质的条件下通过把水溶性三聚体彻底地分散至水介质中可很容易地制得。
在被增稠的水介质中总增稠剂的量是以足以提供增加水介质粘度的需要。较好的增稠剂含量所占水介质的范围为约0.025至约5重量%,最好的范围为约0.5至2.5重量%。另外,与增稠剂共存的水介质可含有其他配合制一般为食盐、压裂液、钻探泥浆、涂料、润滑剂、摩擦减少剂、悬浮剂、液体流动性控制剂、液压用流体及相似的同类物质的许多其它普通成分。
食盐和其它含各种金属盐的水介质中具有特别的重要性。这样的水介质常含有约0.01至20重量%的碱金属或碱土金属盐。
为了增加有具体含量的水介质的粘度,例如,氯化钠类的一价无机盐在水介质中最多占5重量%、诸如钙和镁的多价阳离子盐最多占1重量%、通常含量为约0.0015至0.5重量%,此时最好采用水溶性三聚体、丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸和诸如甲基丙烯酸十二烷酯的甲基丙烯酸高级烷酯或丙烯酸高级烷酯的非离子型三聚体。当保持在约30℃至80℃的温度范围内,水介质的粘度得到增加。在很多的实例中,该粘度的增加保持在实际超过80℃。
下面的实施例仅仅阐述实例的构思,除了附属权项的阐述外,它们不能对本发明形成限制。除非另外指出,各等分和百分比都以重量%为基础。
比较实施例1
在含50%丙烯酰胺74.93份、十二烷基硫酸钠7.5份、丙烯酸月桂酯(在丙烯酰胺中为0.1摩尔%)0.225份、含16.0%乙酸和2.0%二亚乙基三胺五乙酸钠的溶液7.5份及水655份的溶液中用氮气在室温下喷入1小时进行脱氧。然后溶液加热至40℃并加入催化剂2,2′-偶氮双(2-脒基丙烷)氢氯化物以引发聚合反应。得到的聚合物凝胶经放热降至59℃。保持该温度16小时。然后凝胶样品切成约1/8″的小片。在a)常水中和b)1%表面活性剂溶液(聚氧乙烯基月桂基醚EO=35,HLB=16.9)在搅拌的水溶液中加入切下凝胶的需要量(0.1%),这样通过把所需量的切好的凝胶加入到已量好体积的搅拌水溶液中制得。聚合物凝胶悬浮流据发现聚合物在常水中无任何程度的溶解,即使在室温下搅拌多天,聚合物仍保持清晰的凝胶微粒。然而聚合物却可溶于表面活性剂溶液,得到了一种粘滞溶液(Bookfield粘度是3.4兆帕斯卡(mPa·S),在25℃,60转/分)。加入1N        Na        Cl的溶液后的布鲁克菲尔德(Broolfield)粘度为4.0mPa·S。观察不到不溶解的凝胶部分。
实施例2-19
在含8.98%丙烯酰胺、1.01%丙烯酸1.0%十二烷基硫酸钠、1.2%乙酸和0.02%二亚乙基三胺五乙酸钠0.0227%(单体的0.1摩尔%)的丙酰酸月桂酯的溶液中通入氮气至残留的氧气小于0.3ppm。加热至20℃时,加入2,2′-偶氮双(2-脒基丙烷)氢氯化物催化剂(在单体中占15.50ppm)引发聚合反应。反应混合物经放热降至68℃后,凝胶放入烘箱内在68℃下恒温16小时。该产物然后按上述实施例1的所述溶于常水中或表面活性剂溶液中。加入氢氧化钠溶液(0.1N)调节最终的溶液pH至7-8。
在实施例3-19中,除了单体和/或它们的浓度在指定的结果中不同外,其它按照上述过程进行,得到所示的结果。
所有实施例2-19的聚合物在常水或表面活性剂溶液中全都溶解。其布鲁克菲尔德(Bookfield)粘度如表1所示。
表1
聚合物浓度=1000ppm
(c)比较的
1.25℃        1M        Na        Cl中的,鲁克菲尔德粘度。
2.丙烯酰胺
3.丙烯酸月桂酯
4.丙烯酸
5.2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸钠
6.聚氧乙烯月桂醇醚=2000ppm
表2
表面活性剂浓度对溶液粘度的作用
聚合物 表面活性剂(ppm)1在25℃的粘度 (mPa.s)2
样品2        0        11
1        5
10        3.6
50        2.7
100        2.6
200        2.6
样品3        0        2.7
200        2.6
聚合物浓度=500ppm
1.Brij        35
2.1MN        C中布鲁克菲尔德粘度(60转/分)
表3
疏水基团修饰的阳离子共聚物
粘度mPa.s1
样品 AMD LA 阳离子单体3无表面活性剂2有表面活性剂
18        79.8        0.2        20.0        165        19
19        80.0        0        20.0        13        12
聚合物浓度=2500ppm        1.25℃        1M        Na        Cl中布鲁克菲尔德粘度(3转/分)
2.聚氧乙烯月桂醇醚2000ppm。
3.二甲氨基乙基丙烯酸氯代甲烷,摩尔%
众所周知丙烯酰胺均聚物(PAM)极易溶于水中得到一粘滞液体。实施例1中所述的结果表明疏水基团的修饰引起了PAM的不溶,最可能的原因是疏水基团在分子内部的结合因而产生了聚合物链的交联。所以疏水基团修饰的PAMs不能作为一个单独使用的有效增稠剂。正如实施例1所显示的,表面活性基可和疏水基团缔合,这样破坏了不溶性的交联,这些聚合物可以溶解于表面活性剂水溶液中。然而与本发明所得到的聚合物相比较其粘度相当小-见表1,例2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16。
意外地发现含有诸如丙烯酸的可电离基团的疏水基团修饰的丙烯酰胺三聚体(HTERPs)易溶于不加表面活性剂的水中,得到高粘度的水溶液。因此这揭示了HTERPs不需加入表面活性剂以达到溶解。此外,据发现加入表面活性剂对HTERPs的粘滞能力有一个损伤作用。
不加入表面活性剂,HTERPs是比未修饰共聚物更有效的增稠剂。在表面活性剂存在下HTERPs与未修饰共聚物有相同的溶液粘度。表1显示的是含HTERPs丙烯酸酯和磺酸酯二者的一般效果。
作为进一步的实例,表2显示了极端少的表面活性剂产生了对HTERPs粘滞力的损伤效果,并同样降低了未修饰的共聚物的粘度。
表3表明阳离子HTERPs也是有效的增稠剂。

Claims (19)

1、一种用以增稠水溶液的水溶性组成物主要包括:
A)一种水溶性增稠剂,它主要包括:
具有疏水侧基的一种水溶性聚合物,所述的聚合物是二种水溶性不饱和带烯键的单体和一种有至少8个碳原子的疏水基团的水不溶性不饱和烯键单体的三聚物。这里
a)一种水溶性单体是不饱和烯酰胺,
b)另一种水溶性单体是不饱和烯酰胺的N取代衍生物、不饱和烯酸、不饱和烯的季胺盐、不饱和羧酸磺烷酯、不饱和羧酸氨基链烷酯、二烯丙基胺、二烯丙基铵化合物或碘酸乙烯芳香族酯,及
c)水不溶性单体是一种不饱和α,β-烯键羧酸高级烷酯、不饱和烯酸芳烷酯、N-链烷基不饱和烯酰胺、乙烯烷醚或芳烷基苯乙烯
B)一种水溶性的无机盐
这里的三聚体分子量是这样的,在相同浓度下,相同分子量的a)和c)共聚的共聚化合物是水不溶的,单体b)可用相同浓度的单体a)代替。
2、一种用作增稠水溶液的水溶性组成物主要包括:
A)一种水溶性增稠剂主要包括
一种有疏水侧基的水溶性聚合物,所述的聚合物是二种水溶性不饱和烯键单体和有一个疏水基团的水不溶性不饱和烯单体的三聚物,这里
a)一种水溶性单体是丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺或富马酰胺;
b)其他水溶性单体是2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、N-(二甲基氨基甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-(三甲基铵甲基)丙烯酰胺氯化物、N-(三甲基铵甲基)-甲基丙烯酰胺氯化物、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸、富马酸、二甲基氨乙基丙烯酸氯甲烷盐、乙烯苄基三甲基氯化铵、甲基丙烯酸2-磺乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-氨基乙酯、乙烯基吡啶、乙烯基吗啉、二丙烯基二甲基氯化铵、乙烯基吡咯烷酮、或乙烯苄基磺酸盐,和
c)水不溶单体是丙烯酸十二烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷酯、丙烯酸十三烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十三烷酯、丙烯酸十四烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十四烷酯、丙烯酸十八烷酯、甲基丙烯酸十八烷酯、马来酸酐半乙基酯、马来酸二乙酯、用8至20个碳原子的烷醇与丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸酐、富马酸、衣康酸和乌头酸中选出的不饱和烯酸的烷酯、丙烯酸壬基-α-苯酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基-α-苯酯、丙烯酸十二烷基-α-苯酯、甲基丙烯酸壬基-α-苯酯、N-十八烷基丙烯烷胺、N-十八烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二辛基丙烯酰胺;1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯、1-十六碳烯、月桂酸乙烯酯、硬脂酸乙烯酯、十二烷基乙烯基醚、十六烷基乙烯基醚、N-乙烯基月桂酰胺、N-乙烯基硬脂酰胺或叔丁基苯乙烯;及
B)一种水溶性的金属无机盐。
3、如权利要求1所述组成物,其中的水溶性单体a)是丙烯酰胺、疏水单体c)是丙烯酸十二烷酯或叔丁基苯乙烯。
4、如权利要求1所述的组成物,其中的水溶性聚合物是丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸和丙烯酸十二烷酯的三聚物。
5、如权利要求1所述的组成物,其中的三聚体分子量范围从约2,000,000至约20,000,000。
6、作为水液组成物它包括可悬浮在水相中的如权利要求1所述的组成物它的量足以增加所述水相的粘度。
7、一种水液组成物,它包括使其粘度增加的数量的权利要求2所述组成物分散在水相中。
8、一种包含分散于水相中使其粘度增加量的权利要求3所述成分的水液组成物。
9、一种包含分散于水相中使其粘度增加量的权利要求4所述成分的水液组成物。
10、一种含有分散于水相中使其粘度增加的量的权利要求5所述成分的水液组成物。
11、如权利要求6所述的组成物,其中聚合物是约60摩尔%至约99.9摩尔%的丙烯酰胺、1.0至约30摩尔%的丙烯酸和约0.1至约10重量%的丙烯酸十二烷酯的三聚物。
12、如权利要求6所述的组成物,其中无机盐是一种单价阳离子,其含量为水液组成物的约0.1至10重量%。
13、如权利要求12所述的组成物,其中的盐是氯化钠或氯化钾或它们的混合物。
14、如权利要求12所述的组成物,其中的无机盐是二价金属盐,其含量为占水组成物的约0.01至约10重量%。
15、如权利要求14所述的组成物,其中的二价金属是钙、镁或它们的混合物。
16、如权利要求6所述的组成物,其中含有约0.025-5重量%的增稠剂。
17、如权利要求6所述的组成物,其特征在于也含有在油回收中有用的压裂液之类的普通配方中所需足够量的成份。
18、如权利要求6所述的组成物,其特征在于也在作为钻探泥浆配制的普通配方中所含有足够量的成分。
19、如权利要求6所述的组成物,其特征在于在用于增加油回收的流体控制剂普通配方中所含有足够量的成份。
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CN107955592A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2018-04-24 山东大学 一种自破乳稠油降粘剂及其制备方法与应用
CN113631682A (zh) * 2018-11-02 2021-11-09 罗地亚经营管理公司 用于在增产处理期间进行蜡抑制的聚合物分散体
CN113631682B (zh) * 2018-11-02 2024-01-26 能源解决方案(美国)有限责任公司 用于在增产处理期间进行蜡抑制的聚合物分散体
CN116082562A (zh) * 2021-11-05 2023-05-09 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 一种三元嵌段共聚物、复合抗泥包润滑处理剂及其制备方法
CN116082562B (zh) * 2021-11-05 2024-05-31 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 一种三元嵌段共聚物、复合抗泥包润滑处理剂及其制备方法

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HUT49374A (en) 1989-09-28
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CA1331903C (en) 1994-09-06
US4861499A (en) 1989-08-29
NO176183C (no) 1995-02-15
AU604359B2 (en) 1990-12-13
NO176183B (no) 1994-11-07
EP0311799A1 (en) 1989-04-19
NO884550L (no) 1989-04-14
MX165483B (es) 1992-11-13
BR8805245A (pt) 1989-05-30

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