CN104163817A - 一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104163817A
CN104163817A CN201410049119.8A CN201410049119A CN104163817A CN 104163817 A CN104163817 A CN 104163817A CN 201410049119 A CN201410049119 A CN 201410049119A CN 104163817 A CN104163817 A CN 104163817A
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epoxy resin
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CN104163817B (zh
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任华
包秀群
叶琳
张淑贞
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ANHUI SHANFU NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D407/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00
    • C07D407/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Abstract

本发明公开了一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂,其采用糠胺、1,5-萘二酚和环氧氯丙烷为主要原料制备而得,分子结构中含有萘基、环氧基和呋喃基团,在固化剂组分加入适量酰亚胺组分,可实现环氧树脂微裂纹的自我修复功能,所得固化物具有耐热性能好,可用于高性能复合材料的基体。

Description

一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂及其制备方法
 
技术领域
本发明属于环氧树脂技术领域,具体涉及一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂。同时,本发明还涉及该环氧树脂的制备方法。
背景技术
作为一类重要的热固性树脂,环氧树脂具有优异的粘接性能、耐磨性能、机械性能、电绝缘性能、化学稳定性能、耐高低温性能,以及收缩率低、易加工成型和成本低廉等优点,在先进复合材料等领域得到广泛应用。
环氧树脂是高性能复合材料最为常用的基体树脂,由于环氧树脂热固性成型的特点,在加工后成为不溶不熔的固化物,二次加工工艺性十分有限,尤其作为复合材料在使用过程中,受到低能量冲击的情况下,冲击处附近出现基体开裂并产生微裂纹,随着冲击能量的传递,细观尺度裂纹扩展累积,最终导致界面上发生断裂形成材料损伤。不同于热塑性材料,环氧树脂基复合材料的这类损伤尚无应用阶段的修复方法。
狄尔斯–阿尔德(Diels-Alder)双烯可逆加成反应是近年来材料基础研究中的热点方向之一,在材料中引入Diels-Alder反应活性基团结构,利用该反应在低温下双烯加成和加热条件下得逆反应实现材料的可逆修复,而利用Diels-Alder反应赋予材料自修复性能的关键是在材料分子结构中引入闭环的碳碳双键基团,其中呋喃环是一种最为经济和有效的结构单元。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有一定耐热性能的含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂。同时,本发明还提供该环氧树脂的制备方法。
本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂,其结构式如下所示:
所述环氧树脂的环氧当量为305-340 g/mol。
同时,本发明还提供一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂的制备方法,以糠胺、1,5-萘二酚和环氧氯丙烷为主要原料,包括如下步骤:
(1)将7-9重量份1,5-萘二酚,45-50重量份环氧氯丙烷和22-25重量份助溶剂在55℃-65℃温度下混合后,加入0.5-3重量份相转移催化剂混合均匀得透明溶液,缓缓加入5-8重量份氢氧化钠,反应时间为2-8h,反应结束降温过滤除去生成的氯化钠,水洗减压蒸馏除去未反应的环氧氯丙烷及助溶剂,得到1,5-萘二酚二缩水甘油醚环氧树脂;
(2)取步骤(1)制得的1,5-萘二酚二缩水甘油醚环氧树脂25-30重量份,溶于30-60重量份溶剂中,再将8-11重量份糠胺缓慢加入反应容器中,控制反应温度在45℃-85℃,反应2-8h后,冷却并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,即得到一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂。
其工艺路线如下所示:
在上述技术方案的基础上,上述步骤(1)的助溶剂为异丙醇。
上述步骤(1)和步骤(2)的溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯和甲基异丁基酮的一种或几种。
上述步骤(1)的相转移催化剂为苄基三甲基氯化铵、苄基三甲基溴化铵和乙基三苯基溴化铵的一种或任意几种的混合物。
釆取以上的技术方案后,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明所涉及一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂,以大尺寸耐热分子结构为主体,分子结构富含萘环平面共轭双键,局部排列规整且易于堆积,可抑制链段运动,具有一定耐热性能,此外所含有的呋喃环结构是Diels-Alder可逆修复反应的活性基团,在固化体系中引入酰亚胺基团后,具有一定的自修复功能。本发明采用4,4’-二氨基二苯基砜(DDS)为固化剂,4,4'-二(马来酰亚胺基)-1,1'-联苯(BDM)为修复助剂所制备树脂固化浇铸体玻璃化转变温度达到210℃以上,具有良好的耐热性能,自修复效能可达85%,在复合材料技术领域具有一定的应用前景。
具体实施方式
在125mL装有机械搅拌、温度计、回流冷凝管、数控进样泵和氮气导入装置的四口烧瓶中加入8 g 1,5-萘二酚,46.2g环氧氯丙烷和23.1g异丙醇,缓慢升高油浴温度至60℃,待1,5-萘二酚完全溶解后,将16 g NaOH溶液(30wt%)用数控进样泵缓慢加入, 进样在2h内完成,反应温度控制在80℃,继续反应4h,反应结束后冷却过滤去除生成的氯化钠,减压蒸馏脱除溶剂,再次用甲苯溶解,去离子水水洗3次,脱除溶剂后,用二氯甲烷重结晶得到浅黄色固体产物。。将上述浅黄色固体产物10g溶于60g二甲苯中置于125mL装有机械搅拌、温度计、回流冷凝管、数控进样泵和氮气导入装置的四口烧瓶中,反应温度50℃,将2.1g糠胺溶于10g甲苯中并用数控进样泵缓慢加入反应器中,匀速1h进样完毕,继续反应2h,反应结束后冷却并减压蒸馏除去溶剂及多余水分,得到棕色固体。采用盐酸丙酮法测试其环氧当量为317g/mol.
采用上述制备的100g含双重网络交联结构环氧树脂与22.5 g DDS和5.5g BDM混合,溶于250ml丙酮和250 ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合溶剂中,溶解完成后减压蒸馏脱除溶剂得到树脂与固化剂混合物128g,120℃ 1h,180℃ 1h, 220℃ 2h固化后得到树脂固化物,玻璃化转变温度218℃(DMA法),采用划痕法,材料经过180℃6h加热反应后修复尺寸效率为82%。
申请人声明,所属技术领域的技术人员在上述实施例的基础上,将上述实施例某组分的具体含量点值,与发明内容部分的技术方案相组合,从而产生的新的数值范围,也是本发明的记载范围之一,本申请为使说明书简明,不再罗列这些数值范围。 

Claims (5)

1.一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂,其结构式如下所示:
其特征在于,所述环氧树脂的环氧当量为305-340 g/mol。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂的制备方法,以糠胺、1,5-萘二酚和环氧氯丙烷为主要原料,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)将7-9重量份1,5-萘二酚,45-50重量份环氧氯丙烷和22-25重量份助溶剂在55℃-65℃温度下混合后,加入0.5-3重量份相转移催化剂混合均匀得透明溶液,缓缓加入5-8重量份氢氧化钠,反应时间为2-8h,反应结束降温过滤除去生成的氯化钠,水洗减压蒸馏除去未反应的环氧氯丙烷及助溶剂,得到1,5-萘二酚二缩水甘油醚环氧树脂;
(2)取步骤(1)制得的1,5-萘二酚二缩水甘油醚环氧树脂25-30重量份,溶于30-60重量份溶剂中,再将8-11重量份糠胺缓慢加入反应容器中,控制反应温度在45℃-85℃,反应2-8h后,冷却并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,即得到一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)的助溶剂为异丙醇。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)和步骤(2)的溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯和甲基异丁基酮的一种或几种。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种含呋喃自修复基团的环氧树脂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)的相转移催化剂为苄基三甲基氯化铵、苄基三甲基溴化铵和乙基三苯基溴化铵的一种或任意几种的混合物。
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108586708A (zh) * 2018-05-14 2018-09-28 北京化工大学 一种热可逆自修复环氧树脂及制备方法
CN109354829A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-02-19 镇江市鑫泰绝缘材料有限公司 一种用于电气设备绝缘的自修复环氧树脂的制作方法
CN109354830A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-02-19 镇江市鑫泰绝缘材料有限公司 一种用于电气绝缘的自修复环氧树脂的制备及修复方法
CN109354829B (zh) * 2018-11-05 2020-11-10 镇江市鑫泰绝缘材料有限公司 一种用于电气设备绝缘的自修复环氧树脂的制作方法
CN109354830B (zh) * 2018-11-05 2021-02-26 镇江市鑫泰绝缘材料有限公司 一种用于电气绝缘的自修复环氧树脂的制备及修复方法

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