CN104106450B - A kind of cultured in vitro pear tree branch obtains the method for pollen - Google Patents
A kind of cultured in vitro pear tree branch obtains the method for pollen Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106450B CN104106450B CN201410252939.7A CN201410252939A CN104106450B CN 104106450 B CN104106450 B CN 104106450B CN 201410252939 A CN201410252939 A CN 201410252939A CN 104106450 B CN104106450 B CN 104106450B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that cultured in vitro pears branch obtains pollen, comprise step: gather pear tree spray: after late December pear tree dormancy, gather the pear tree branch with full bud, and branch base portion clip is alignd, control branch length is 40cm; Branch refrigerates: branch base portion thickness is put into the refrigeration of 4 DEG C, refrigerator after plastic film wrapping closely, and cold preservation time is 60 days; Branch is cultivated: before pears main breed flowering stage 13 ~ 15 days, and inserted by the branch of refrigeration and be equipped with in the bucket of culture fluid, put into the river sand that 10cm is thick bottom bucket, the degree of depth of culture fluid is for flooding river sand 10cm; It is 26 DEG C that temperature controls; Pollen obtains: cultivate after 15 days, and in the pear tree large flower bud phase, the pear flower bud gathering balloon-like prepares pollen.Use said method can obtain the pear pollen of high-quality, and the germination rate of pear pollen is more than 65%, the needs of Pollen Activity during artificial pollination in pears scientific research, production can be met.
Description
Technical field
Invention belongs to fruit tree technical field, more specifically relates to a kind of cultured in vitro pear tree branch and obtains the method for pollen, effectively can solve pears scientific research, breeding and the problem of pollinated variety each other during excellent Pear varieties flowering asynchronism in producing through the method process.The method is applicable to be engaged in pears scientific research, the R&D institution of breeding and production, company and individual.
Background technology
Pear in the rose family (
rosaceae) Maloideae (
maloideae) pear (
pyrus) plant, be this deciduous fruit tree tall, be that China three one of cultivates apple trees greatly, also occupy very important status in the world.According to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) statistics, China's pears cultivated area 1,132 thousand hectares in 2011, output 1595.5 ten thousand tons, occupies first place in the world.It is the mainstay industry that China's increasing peasant income are got rich that the operatic circle produces always, is also one of China's export main farm produce of earning foreign exchange.
Xenia is the directly-sensing effect of paternal pollen to seed and fruit.Male parent effect that different cultivars shows is different, as the shape of fruit, maturing stage, size, color, local flavor and inherent component content, and the shape, size, color etc. of seed.Domestic and international pears researcher finds that pears are Metaxenia comparatively significantly fruit trees in the apolegamy of research pears pollinated variety, and pollinated variety not only affects fruit-setting rate, but also affects size, the shape, really face proterties and interior quality of pear fruit.Therefore in pears scientific research breeding and production process, select Pear varieties best in quality directly to have influence on percentage of fertile fruit, the yield and quality of pears production kind as pollinated variety.
The excellent Sand Pear of current popularization is as kinds such as kingfisher hat, abundances of water, fine and tender taste and crisp, juice multi-flavor is sweet, fruit quality is excellent and pollen amount, Pollen Activity are high is suitable for decide cultivation and pollinated variety, but because its flowering stage is more late, cannot morning in flowering stage, colory Sand Pear given as the pollinated variety each other such as No. 2, Hubei Province pears, aqua regin.The main method of the flowering asynchronisms such as current solution kingfisher hat, abundance of water and No. 2, Hubei Province pears, aqua regin introduces florescence marginal pollinated variety to carry out mixing as the kind such as Xiang Nan and chrysanthemum and plant.But due to the existence of Metaxenia, the introducing of the kind such as Xiang Nan and Huanghua Pear causes the operatic circle quality of main breed to decline, and the selling price of Xiang Nan and Huanghua Pear is well below the selling price of the improved seeds such as kingfisher hat, abundance of water, No. 2, Hubei Province pears and aqua regin, have impact on the economic benefit of pears agriculture.
For this problem, domestic and international pear tree expert has carried out the correlative study of pollen storage test, and Wang Ling, Zhang Shaoling in 2006 have studied reserve temperature and humidity to the impact of water-rich areas pollen viability, water-rich areas pollen, at-73 DEG C, can preserve vitality at-196 DEG C the long term.General pear pollen germination rate more than 55% belongs to high-quality pollen, and the pollen germination rate of Cryopreservation after 540 days, all more than 60%, can meet the requirement of producing upper pollination.But preserve pollen by the method, cost is high and higher to the requirement of keeper's professional technique, and this technology is in the scientific research stage at present, and general peasant household and company are difficult to grasp and use.For many years, we study around this problem always, and how ahead of time to, the problem of acquisition pear pollen has carried out a large amount of scientific research and test, sums up the method inventing and obtain pear pollen ahead of time.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the problems referred to above, there is provided a kind of indoor cultured in vitro pear tree spray to obtain the pollen method of excellent Pear varieties, mutually carry out the requirement of artificial pollination when can meet flowering asynchronism between improved seeds, the method is easy, easy and simple to handle, use the method to obtain pear pollen.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Cultured in vitro pears branch obtains a method for pollen, comprises step:
A, collection pear tree spray:
After late December pear tree dormancy, gather the pear tree branch with full bud, and branch base portion clip is alignd, control branch length is 40cm;
B, branch refrigerate
Branch base portion thickness is put into the refrigeration of 4 DEG C, refrigerator after plastic film wrapping closely, and cold preservation time is 60 days;
C, branch are cultivated
Before pears main breed flowering stage 13 ~ 15 days, inserted by the branch of refrigeration and be equipped with in the bucket of culture fluid, put into the river sand that 10cm is thick bottom bucket, the degree of depth of culture fluid was for flooding river sand 10cm; Then bucket is put into air conditioning chamber, it is 26 DEG C that temperature controls;
D, pollen obtain:
Wherein branch is in cultivation after 15 days, and in the pear tree large flower bud phase, the pear flower bud gathering balloon-like prepares pollen.
Wherein change once during culture fluid 5 days, 10 days, when changing culture fluid, branch base portion scissors is cut 1cm simultaneously.
Wherein the concentration formula of culture fluid is: KNO
32.5g/L, NH
4nO
32g/L, MgSO
4.7H
2o0.5g/L, CaCl
20.8g/L, H
3bO
30.02g/L, MnSO
4.4H
2o0.05g/L.
For a culture fluid for above-mentioned cultured in vitro pears branch, the concentration formula of culture fluid is: KNO
32.5g/L, NH
4nO
32g/L, MgSO
4.7H
2o0.5g/L, CaCl
20.8g/L, H
3bO
30.02g/L, MnSO
4.4H
2o0.05g/L.
Use said method can obtain the pear pollen of high-quality, and the germination rate of pear pollen is more than 65%, the needs of Pollen Activity during artificial pollination in pears scientific research, production can be met.In production, general pear pollen germination rate more than 55% belongs to high-quality pollen, and the germination rate of pollen just can meet the needs of high yield more than 20%.
2011, within 2012 and 2013 continuous 3 years, adopt this method and spontaneous pollination method emerald green be preced with pears and Hubei Province pears No. 2 pears each other pollinated variety fruit-setting rate compare.
Table 1: adopt this method and spontaneous pollination method emerald green be preced with pears and Hubei Province pears No. 2 pears each other pollinated variety fruit-setting rate compare
As can be seen from Table 1, adopt this method effectively can promote bearing fruit of emerald green hat pears and Hubei Province pears No. 2 Pear varieties, within continuous 3 years, keep fruit-setting rate more than 99%; Be significantly higher than the fruit-setting rate of spontaneous pollination situation, when can meet flowering asynchronism between improved seeds, mutually carry out the requirement of artificial pollination, reduce pears agriculture loss, increase the economic benefit of pears agriculture.
Embodiment
Within 2013, a kind of cultured in vitro obtains the method for pear pollen, the steps include:
(1) pear tree branch is gathered:
After pear tree dormancy on December 25, gather the kingfisher hat pears with full bud and Hubei Province pears No. 2 pear tree branches, and branch base portion clip is alignd, control branch length is 40cm;
(2) branch refrigeration
Branch base portion thickness is put into the refrigeration of 4 DEG C, refrigerator after the wrapping closely of 0.027mm plastic film, and cold preservation time is 60 days, to break pear tree dormancy;
(3) branch is cultivated
In Hubei Province pears i.e. February 26 in No. 2 first 15 days of flowering stage, inserted by the kingfisher of refrigeration hat branch and be equipped with in the bucket of culture fluid, put into the river sand that 10cm is thick bottom bucket, the degree of depth of culture fluid is for flooding river sand 10cm, and the formula of culture fluid is KNO
32.5g/L, NH
4nO
32g/L, MgSO
4.7H
2o0.5g/L, CaCl
20.8g/L, H
3bO
30.02g/L, MnSO
4.4H
2o0.05g/L.Then bucket is put into air conditioning chamber, it is 26 DEG C that temperature controls.In incubation, respectively cultivation 5 days, 10 days time change culture fluid once, when changing culture fluid, branch base portion scissors is cut 1cm;
Before kingfisher hat pears flowering stage 13 ~ 15 days (greatly about March 8), Hubei Province pears No. 2 pears branches of refrigeration are cultivated according to the method described above;
(4) pollen obtains
Cultivate after 15 days, in the pear tree large flower bud phase, gather the pear flower bud of balloon-like and prepare pollen, " a kind of method of quick Fabrication pear pollen " patent No. just can be utilized to be that the method for ZL201310180729.7 making pollen carries out making pollen;
(5) pollinate
Utilize acquisition emerald green hat pear pollen to carry out artificial pollination to Hubei Province pears No. 2 pears, utilize the pollen obtaining Hubei Province pears No. 2 pears to be preced with pears to kingfisher and carry out artificial pollination, after pollination, percentage of fertile fruit investigation result is in table 1.
Percentage of fertile fruit investigation result of the present invention is the fruit bearing rate of pear tree.
This method is to obtain the pollen of excellent Pear varieties indoor cultured in vitro pear tree spray.Adopt this method can obtain the pollen of the excellent Pear varieties in evening in flowering stage ahead of time, or postpone the pollen of the improved seeds obtaining evening in flowering stage, the requirement of artificial pollination is mutually carried out when can meet flowering asynchronism between improved seeds, solve scientific research, produce in excellent Pear varieties flowering asynchronism time pollinated variety each other problem, Be very effective.
Claims (2)
1. cultured in vitro pears branch obtains a method for pollen, comprises step:
A, collection pear tree spray
After late December pear tree dormancy, gather the pear tree branch with full bud, and branch base portion clip is alignd, control branch length is 40cm;
B, branch refrigerate
Put into the refrigeration of 4 DEG C, refrigerator after the wrapping closely of branch base portion plastic film, cold preservation time is 60 days;
C, branch are cultivated
Before pears main breed flowering stage 13 ~ 15 days, inserted by the branch of refrigeration and be equipped with in the bucket of culture fluid, put into the river sand that 10cm is thick bottom bucket, the degree of depth of culture fluid was for flooding river sand 10cm; Then bucket is put into air conditioning chamber, it is 26 DEG C that temperature controls;
D, pollen obtain
Cultivate after 15 days, in the pear tree large flower bud phase, the pear flower bud gathering balloon-like prepares pollen;
Change once during described culture fluid 5 days, 10 days, when changing culture fluid, branch base portion scissors is cut 1cm simultaneously.
2. cultured in vitro pears branch as claimed in claim 1 obtains the method for pollen, and it is characterized in that, the concentration formula of described culture fluid is: KNO
32.5g/L, NH
4nO
32g/L, MgSO
4.7H
2o0.5g/L, CaCl
20.8g/L, H
3bO
30.02g/L, MnSO
4.4H
2o0.05g/L.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410252939.7A CN104106450B (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2014-06-10 | A kind of cultured in vitro pear tree branch obtains the method for pollen |
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| CN201410252939.7A CN104106450B (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2014-06-10 | A kind of cultured in vitro pear tree branch obtains the method for pollen |
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| CN104106450B true CN104106450B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111264279A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-12 | 青海省农林科学院 | Method for improving fruit setting rate and fruit quality of yellow pear |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101889543A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-11-24 | 南京农业大学 | Method for identifying self-fruitful pear varieties by using pollination in vitro |
| CN101953290A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 南京农业大学 | Pear tree water culturing method |
| CN103583336A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-19 | 孔艳娥 | Method for culturing and planting color peppers in greenhouse in soilless mode |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100547910B1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2006-02-01 | 김용호 | Method of growing bean sprouts that non bean husk |
| JP2008061570A (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-21 | Canyon Biotechnology Co Ltd | Vegetable with low nitrate nitrogen, and method and system for cultivating the same |
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2014
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101889543A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-11-24 | 南京农业大学 | Method for identifying self-fruitful pear varieties by using pollination in vitro |
| CN101953290A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 南京农业大学 | Pear tree water culturing method |
| CN103583336A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-19 | 孔艳娥 | Method for culturing and planting color peppers in greenhouse in soilless mode |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 7种油茶花粉数量及花粉萌发率的测定;何春燕等;《中南林业科技大学学报》;20090228;第29卷(第1期);第74-78页 * |
| 孙毅等.秋子梨花朵和花粉特性的研究.《北方园艺》.2008,(第3期),第7-10页. * |
| 秋子梨花朵和花粉特性的研究;损益等;《北方园艺》;20080510(第3期);第7-10页 * |
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Granted publication date: 20160316 Termination date: 20170610 |