CN104041936A - Method for extracting Chinese style mixed-fragrance cigarette juice for electronic cigarette - Google Patents
Method for extracting Chinese style mixed-fragrance cigarette juice for electronic cigarette Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104041936A CN104041936A CN201410249613.9A CN201410249613A CN104041936A CN 104041936 A CN104041936 A CN 104041936A CN 201410249613 A CN201410249613 A CN 201410249613A CN 104041936 A CN104041936 A CN 104041936A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- cigarette
- juice
- electronic cigarette
- destructive distillation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting Chinese-style mixed-fragrance cigarette juice for an electronic cigarette. Tobacco leaves, tobacco shreds or tobacco powder of flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and aromatic tobacco are mixed, cigarette feed liquid or at least one of cocoa powder, licorice, honey and blackcurrant extracts is added, the mixture is subjected to destructive distillation by different temperature sections, and fractions are collected. The fractions collected by the method can directly serve as electronic cigarette juice, and cigarette essence perfume having characteristic flavor, or edible essence perfume also can be added to enrich the styles of the electronic cigarette juice; the electronic cigarette juice collected by the method has the style characteristic and flavor similar to those of a Chinese style blended type cigarette, mildness and sweetness of VIRGINIA and pungency and appetizing of an aired cigarette are realized, and the aftertaste is pure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method of tobacco juice for electronic smoke, particularly the extracting method of mixed type style tobacco juice for a kind of electronic cigarette.
Background technology
There is very complicated chemistry, physical change in cigarette, cigarette mainstream flue gas composition is very complicated in the process of burning, and the compound having identified in flue gas just has kind more than 5000, has harmful and/or poisonous component in these compounds.Along with the control of countries in the world to cigarette, tobacco business will face many difficulties.Because smoking property of cigarette person has dependence to sucking cigarette, mandatory successful quitting rate is very low, and therefore novel tobacco goods arise at the historic moment as the transition product of smoking cessation.
Electronic cigarette is the one in novel tobacco goods, and electronic cigarette has another name called virtual cigarette, electronic cigarette, is mainly used in smoking cessation and cigarette substitute.It has and outward appearance like particularly for tobacco items, and also as cigarette, energy sucking-off cigarette, sucking-off taste come with sensation.It is a kind of electronic installation that transmits nicotine by electrons heat means to respiratory system.Therefore tobacco juice formula is the deciding factor that affects electronic cigarette taste feature, is directly connected to consumer's acceptance of product.Because electronic cigarette is to make tobacco juice for electronic smoke atomization by electrons heat, and cigarette is to produce flue gas by burning tobacco, and both are essentially different, but electronic cigarette smoker always wishes that electronic cigarette has " taste " of cigarette, and does not wish " evil " of cigarette.
The extraction of existing liquid tobacco juice is generally through CO
2supercritical extract or tobacco leaf is added to the materials such as essence after one or more levels destructive distillation is processed again, modulate the tobacco juice of required taste, Chinese patent CN1742636A discloses a kind of production technology of liquid cigarettes without public hazard, pipe tobacco is through dehydrating kettle, the second retort, the processing such as the 3rd retort, destructive distillation step complexity herein, not easy to operate, and after 430 DEG C of destructive distillation, pipe tobacco is carbonization almost, after 555 DEG C, pipe tobacco is seriously carbonization, after carbonization, pipe tobacco can only be served as discarded object, and pipe tobacco is in the time glowing, the temperature of burning cone is at 400～550 DEG C, in side-stream smoke, the content of part harmful components will be higher than the content in main flume.After destructive distillation, fraction needs to add in addition material and could use as electronic cigarette liquid, is unfavorable for suitability for industrialized production.It is well known in the prior art utilizing Maillard reaction to prepare flavouring essence for tobacco, but there is following technical problem in the electronic cigarette liquid that preparation that Maillard reaction is combined with destructive distillation can directly be used: the temperature of Maillard reaction is lower, and the temperature of destructive distillation is relatively high, if carry out according to the temperature that unified Maillard reaction is required, tobacco juice extracts insufficient, react according to the temperature of destructive distillation if unified, in Maillard reaction, may produce impurity, or even poisonous material, so Maillard reaction and destructive distillation are not unified in the extracting method of electronic cigarette mixed type style tobacco juice in prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the extracting method of a kind of electronic cigarette mixed type style tobacco juice, the extract that the method obtains can be directly as the tobacco juice of electronic cigarette, and retained the suction taste of hybrid cigarette.
For reaching above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
An extracting method for mixed type style tobacco juice for electronic cigarette, specifically comprises the following steps:
Tobacco leaf, pipe tobacco or the offal of flue-cured tobacco, burley tobaccos and Turkish tobaccos mix, and add at least one in cigarette feed liquid or cocoa power, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey, blackcurrant extract, and point temperature section destructive distillation said mixture is collected cut.
An extracting method for mixed type style tobacco juice for electronic cigarette, comprises the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf, pipe tobacco or the offal of flue-cured tobacco 10-15 part, burley tobaccos 5-10 part and Turkish tobaccos 3-5 part, cigarette packs destructive distillation tank into by least one in cocoa power, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey or the blackcurrant extract of feed liquid 1-5 part or 0.01-5 part;
2) heating destructive distillation tank, to 60-120 DEG C (preferably 80 DEG C), is incubated 0.5-2h (preferably 1h);
3) afterwards temperature is elevated to 180-240 DEG C (preferably 220 DEG C), keeps 0.5-2h (preferably 1h);
4) reaction finishes rear collection cut.
The solvent of above-mentioned collection cut is followed successively by ethanol, water, propane diols, glycerine.
The cut of above-mentioned collection both can be separately directly as the tobacco juice of electronic cigarette, also can be as the tobacco juice of electronic cigarette after the cut of five kinds of collections mixes, the mouthfeel of combination is abundanter.
The tobacco juice that said extracted method obtains and the application of this tobacco juice in electronic cigarette.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the cut that this inventive method is collected can directly use as the tobacco juice of electronic cigarette, this tobacco juice has retained the suction taste of hybrid cigarette, also can add essence spice for cigarette or the flavoring essence spices of characteristic local flavor, to enrich tobacco juice for electronic smoke style.The electronic cigarette liquid that the method is extracted possesses the style and features and the taste that are similar to international blended type cigarette, and the gentleness of existing VIRGINIA is sweet has again pungent appetizing and the pleasant impression of airing cigarette pure.
Method of the present invention has realized the destructive distillation of lower temperature, avoid the carbonization of pipe tobacco, and reduce the content of the harmful substances in flue gas of knowing clearly, by the extraction of tobacco juice and the effective combination of Maillard reaction, both ensured effective extraction of tobacco juice destructive distillation, and made the additive in tobacco juice directly add in tobacco juice simultaneously, after need not producing separately, mixed again, save step, reduced cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Burley Tobacco in Hubei Province 20g, Sichuan burley tobaccos 15g, Xinjiang Turkish tobaccos 10g, Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco 10g, Hunan Flue-cured Tobacco 20g, Shandong flue-cured tobacco 10g and Guizhou Flue-cured Tobacco 15g are added to destructive distillation tank;
Add 1g cigarette feed liquid;
Rotate destructive distillation tank, make to add the material of destructive distillation tank to mix;
Heating destructive distillation tank, makes its temperature remain on 110 DEG C, constant temperature time 0.5h;
Rising temperature, remains on 220 DEG C, constant temperature time 2h;
Collect cut with ethanol, water, propane diols successively.
Embodiment 2
Burley Tobacco in Hubei Province 20g, Sichuan burley tobaccos 15g, Xinjiang Turkish tobaccos 10g, Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco 10g, Hunan Flue-cured Tobacco 20g, Shandong flue-cured tobacco 10g and Guizhou Flue-cured Tobacco 15g are added to destructive distillation tank;
Add the honey of 1g;
Rotate destructive distillation tank, make to add the material of destructive distillation tank to mix;
Heating destructive distillation tank, makes its temperature remain on 80 DEG C, constant temperature time 1h;
Rising temperature, remains on 180 DEG C, constant temperature time 0.5h;
Collect cut with ethanol, water, propane diols successively.
Embodiment 3
Just Burley Tobacco in Hubei Province 20g, Sichuan burley tobaccos 15g, Xinjiang Turkish tobaccos 10g, Yunnan Flue-cured Tobacco 10g, Hunan Flue-cured Tobacco 20g, Shandong flue-cured tobacco 10g and Guizhou Flue-cured Tobacco 15g add destructive distillation tank;
Add 0.5g cocoa power, 1.5g Radix Glycyrrhizae;
Rotate destructive distillation tank, make to add the material of destructive distillation tank to mix;
Heating destructive distillation tank, makes its temperature remain on 100 DEG C, constant temperature time 0.5h;
Rising temperature, remains on 240 DEG C, constant temperature time 1h;
Collect cut with ethanol, water, propane diols, glycerine successively.
Embodiment 4
Take cigarette finished product pipe tobacco 80g, wherein Guizhou Flue-cured Tobacco 40g, Sichuan burley tobaccos 26.7g and Xinjiang Turkish tobaccos 13.3g;
Add 0.5g blackcurrant extract, 1.5g Radix Glycyrrhizae;
Rotate destructive distillation tank, make to add the material of destructive distillation tank to mix;
Heating destructive distillation tank, makes its temperature remain on 100 DEG C, constant temperature time 0.5h;
Rising temperature, remains on 240 DEG C, constant temperature time 2h;
Collect cut with ethanol, water, propane diols, glycerine successively.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned in conjunction with the embodiments; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendments that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the extracting method of an electronic cigarette use Chinese style mixing odor type style tobacco juice, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: tobacco leaf, pipe tobacco or the offal of flue-cured tobacco, burley tobaccos and Turkish tobaccos mix, add at least one in cigarette feed liquid or cocoa power, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey, blackcurrant extract, divide temperature section destructive distillation said mixture, collect cut.
2. extracting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf, pipe tobacco or the offal of flue-cured tobacco 10-15 part, burley tobaccos 5-10 part and Turkish tobaccos 3-5 part, at least one for cigarette in the cocoa power of feed liquid 1-5 part or 0.01-5 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey, blackcurrant extract packs destructive distillation tank into;
2) heating destructive distillation tank, to 60-120 DEG C, is incubated 0.5-2h;
3) afterwards temperature is elevated to 180-240 DEG C, keeps 0.5-2h;
4) reaction finishes rear collection cut.
3. extracting method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 4) collect the solvent of cut and be followed successively by ethanol, water, propane diols, glycerine.
4. extracting method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2) middle heating destructive distillation tank to 80 DEG C.
5. extracting method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 3) in temperature be elevated to 220 DEG C.
6. extracting method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2), 3) in insulation 1h.
7. the tobacco juice that the extracting method as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-6 obtains.
8. the application of tobacco juice as claimed in claim 7 in electronic cigarette.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410249613.9A CN104041936B (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | A kind of extracting method of electronic cigarette Chinese style mixing odor type style tobacco juice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410249613.9A CN104041936B (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | A kind of extracting method of electronic cigarette Chinese style mixing odor type style tobacco juice |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104041936A true CN104041936A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104041936B CN104041936B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=51495802
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410249613.9A Active CN104041936B (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | A kind of extracting method of electronic cigarette Chinese style mixing odor type style tobacco juice |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104041936B (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104498184A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method for tobacco flavor by utilizing fragrant honey in Maillard reaction |
| CN104585860A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Preparation method for electronic cigarette juice having baking fragrant characteristic |
| CN104783323A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Electronic cigarette solution containing dry-distilled perfume |
| CN104921287A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-23 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco extract and preparing method and application thereof |
| CN104983064A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Electronic cigarette liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN105011355A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-11-04 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco essence, extraction method and application thereof |
| CN105559145A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-11 | 立场电子科技发展（上海）有限公司 | E-cigarette flavor and preparation method thereof |
| CN105595411A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing tobacco-characteristic-taste tobacco flavor material and electronic cigarette fluid containing tobacco flavor material |
| CN105725265A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-06 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Device and method for preparing tobacco source basic cigarette flavor material for novel tobacco products |
| CN108142978A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-12 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | A kind of perfume material for the fragrant section of cigarette production of not burning for the heating of pipe tobacco style and preparation method thereof |
| CN108185512A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-22 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | A kind of perfume material for the fragrant section of cigarette production of not burning for mixed type heating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108185510A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-22 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | A kind of perfume material for the fragrant section of cigarette production of not burning for fire-cured tobacco type heating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110279163A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-09-27 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | Fragrance dose for heating cigarette smoke section of not burning and its preparation method and application and heating are not burnt cigarette |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4150677A (en) * | 1977-01-24 | 1979-04-24 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Treatment of tobacco |
| US5235992A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-08-17 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Processes for producing flavor substances from tobacco and smoking articles made therewith |
| CN1742636A (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-03-08 | 邹宝安 | Technology for producing pollution-free liquid cigarette |
| CN101061888A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | 湖南中烟工业公司 | High-temperature dry distillation thermal cracking device and cracking method |
| CN102048238A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-11 | 程露 | Preparation method for liquid cigarette |
-
2014
- 2014-06-06 CN CN201410249613.9A patent/CN104041936B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4150677A (en) * | 1977-01-24 | 1979-04-24 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Treatment of tobacco |
| US5235992A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-08-17 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Processes for producing flavor substances from tobacco and smoking articles made therewith |
| CN1742636A (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-03-08 | 邹宝安 | Technology for producing pollution-free liquid cigarette |
| CN101061888A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | 湖南中烟工业公司 | High-temperature dry distillation thermal cracking device and cracking method |
| CN102048238A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-11 | 程露 | Preparation method for liquid cigarette |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104498184A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method for tobacco flavor by utilizing fragrant honey in Maillard reaction |
| CN104585860A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Preparation method for electronic cigarette juice having baking fragrant characteristic |
| CN104585860B (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-11-30 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | There is the preparation method of the tobacco juice for electronic smoke of the fragrant feature of baking |
| CN104783323A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Electronic cigarette solution containing dry-distilled perfume |
| CN104783323B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of tobacco juice for electronic smoke containing Dry distillated flavor |
| CN105011355B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of essential oil of tobaccos and extracting method thereof and application |
| CN105011355A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-11-04 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco essence, extraction method and application thereof |
| CN104983064A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Electronic cigarette liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN104921287A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-23 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco extract and preparing method and application thereof |
| CN105559145A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-11 | 立场电子科技发展（上海）有限公司 | E-cigarette flavor and preparation method thereof |
| CN105595411A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing tobacco-characteristic-taste tobacco flavor material and electronic cigarette fluid containing tobacco flavor material |
| CN105595411B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-05-17 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing tobacco-characteristic-taste tobacco flavor material and electronic cigarette fluid containing tobacco flavor material |
| CN105725265A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-06 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Device and method for preparing tobacco source basic cigarette flavor material for novel tobacco products |
| CN108142978A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-12 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | A kind of perfume material for the fragrant section of cigarette production of not burning for the heating of pipe tobacco style and preparation method thereof |
| CN108185512A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-22 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | A kind of perfume material for the fragrant section of cigarette production of not burning for mixed type heating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108185510A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-22 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | A kind of perfume material for the fragrant section of cigarette production of not burning for fire-cured tobacco type heating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110279163A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-09-27 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | Fragrance dose for heating cigarette smoke section of not burning and its preparation method and application and heating are not burnt cigarette |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104041936B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104041936A (en) | Method for extracting Chinese style mixed-fragrance cigarette juice for electronic cigarette | |
| CN104041935A (en) | Method for extracting Chinese-style flue-cured tobacco fragrance cigarette juice for electronic cigarette | |
| CN104489904A (en) | E-cigarette nicotine liquid with functions of relieving cough and reducing sputum | |
| CN102813278A (en) | Mixed electronic cigarette tobacco liquid | |
| CN104839883A (en) | Electronic cigarette liquid with characteristics of tobaccos for tobacco pipes | |
| CN104489911A (en) | Tobacco juice of electronic cigarette | |
| CN104026734B (en) | A kind of preparation method of tobacco flavor electronics tobacco tar | |
| CN103783660B (en) | The supercritical extraction method of flavor matter and application thereof in a kind of tobacco leaf fragment | |
| CN103919274B (en) | A kind of electronic cigarette atomizing liquid | |
| CN106235376A (en) | A kind of reconstituted tobacco being applicable to heat non-combustion-type Medicated cigarette | |
| CN108576932B (en) | Raw material formula of mixed type flavor cooling and blending section, preparation method thereof and base rod of cigarette without burning during heating | |
| CN108576931B (en) | Raw material formula of flue-cured tobacco flavor cooling and blending section, preparation method thereof and base rod of cigarette without burning during heating | |
| CN103305342B (en) | Casing flavor for expanded cut tobacco | |
| CN110699183A (en) | Tobacco essence with spicy fragrance | |
| CN111671134A (en) | Mint flue-cured tobacco type tobacco flavor electronic cigarette atomized liquid | |
| CN105533793A (en) | Preparation method for tobacco extract of dark sun-cured tobacco | |
| CN110839947B (en) | Extraction process of plant spice for cigarette without burning under heating | |
| CN110537720A (en) | Essence additive for temperature reduction section of heating non-combustible cigarette, preparation method and application thereof, and heating non-combustible cigarette | |
| CN105768201A (en) | Gum base type smoke-free tobacco product and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104544552A (en) | Electronic cigarette smoke solution prepared through oolong leaf extract | |
| CN108576912A (en) | The reconstituted tobacoo and its production technology of a kind of metal-containing powders applied to low temperature cigarette | |
| CN104544543A (en) | Electronic cigarette smoke solution prepared through black tea leaf extract | |
| CN111567849B (en) | Tobacco slice capable of being heated and not combusted | |
| CN104544546A (en) | Electronic cigarette smoke solution with appetite improving and digestion prompting functions | |
| CN109897729B (en) | Preparation method and application of agilawood type tobacco essence |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent of invention or patent application | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Wang Jun Inventor after: Liu Xiaoqian Inventor after: Liu Shimin Inventor after: Zhou Shilu Inventor after: Lin Jiansheng Inventor before: Wang Jun Inventor before: Liu Xiaoqian Inventor before: Liu Shimin Inventor before: Zhou Shilu |
|
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: WANG JUN LIU XIAOQIAN LIU SHIMIN ZHOU SHILU TO: WANG JUN LIU XIAOQIAN LIU SHIMIN ZHOU SHILU LIN JIANSHENG |
|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |