CN104031235A - 一种粘弹性聚氨酯吸音泡沫的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种粘弹性聚氨酯吸音泡沫的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及多异氰酸酯组合物与异氰酸酯反应活性组分反应制备粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的方法,所述的异氰酸酯反应活性组分包含基于混合聚醚重量的30~80wt%的(bii)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为5~35wt%;2~20wt%的(biii)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为70~100wt%;20~70wt%的(biv)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为0~20wt%;水;扩链剂和/或交联剂等;其反应体系不含甲苯二异氰酸酯,不含除水以外的发泡剂和金属类催化剂,制得球回弹率15~30%、吸音性能优良的粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法,制得的泡沫回弹率低、自低频至高频的宽范围内具有优良的吸音性能。
背景技术
粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫,又称慢回弹泡沫,其在压缩循环过程中表现出慢回复性,并由此具有高滞后性,通常还具有低的球回弹值。这些性能多是由发泡的聚合物的本身结构所造成的,一种方法是通过对组分的选择,使泡沫玻璃化温度控制在室温附近,另一种方法可以通过控制泡孔结构来限制气流进出泡沫的速度。
粘弹性泡沫通常控制玻璃化温度的工艺路线是将低羟值聚醚和高羟值聚醚混合使用,如中国公开专利CN1606580、CN1572186、CN1229803都是基于这一理论;还有一种提供粘弹性能的方式是添加一元醇,例如中国公开专利CN1831025A中使用10~25份分子量200~500的单醇;美国公开专利US6391935中采用了15~70份羟值小于56mgKOH/g的单醇;WO2010009205采用1~20份的单醇或单醇混合物。
目前粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的球回弹率一般低于15%,如中国公开专利CN101412798A、CN101160366A、CN1922230A等,密度50~70Kg/m3的粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫泡孔较粗,通气性能较好,但吸音性能较差。
中国公开专利CN1910650A涉及了包括粘弹性泡沫的隔音系统,但其未涉及粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的制造方法及吸音性能。
中国公开专利CN101903434A使用来自植物的多元醇制备吸音材料,最大吸音系数在0.70以上,但未涉及粘弹性泡沫的内容。CN101410430A描述了一种聚氨酯泡沫的制造方法,自由泡密度为5~40Kg/m3,最大吸音作用是在1000~2000Hz之间的频率达到的。专利CN101238163A提供了具有良好振动特性和吸音特性的软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料制造方法,回弹率大于等于55%,500Hz吸音系数在0.20左右、1000Hz吸音系数大于0.45、2000Hz吸音系数大于0.90。专利CN1849351A提供了一种软质聚氨酯泡沫及其制造方法,尤其改善了泡沫低频范围内的吸音特性,500Hz的吸引性大于等于0.3,2000Hz的吸音性大于等于0.55。但上述专利均未提及粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫,尤其球回弹率15~30%粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的吸音性能。
上述专利中,未含有关于球回弹率15~30%的粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫吸音性能的论述内容,未涉及具有优良吸音性能的粘弹性泡沫材料及其制造方法。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种具有优良吸音性能的低密度粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法,泡沫在具有粘弹性的特征前提下,密度低,气味小,并具有优良的吸音性能。
为达到以上目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明通过使用包含以下组分的反应体系,制备了能满足上述需求的粘弹性低密度泡沫:
(a)以多异氰酸酯组合物的总重计,含有0~5wt%甲苯二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物,其异氰酸酯基团的数均官能度为2~2.4,NCO含量为20~35wt%;优选异氰酸酯基团的数均官能度为2.1~2.3,NCO含量为25~33wt%;
(b)异氰酸酯反应活性组分,包括:
(bi)水,用量为混合聚醚(bii+biii+biv)重量的2~5wt%,优选2.5~4.5wt%,更优选3~4wt%;
(bii)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为5~35wt%,平均官能度为2~4,平均羟值为20~65mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的30~70wt%;优选氧亚乙基单元含量为8~30wt%,平均官能度为2.7~3,平均羟值为30~60mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的40~65wt%;更优选氧亚乙烯单元含量为10~28wt%,平均官能度为2.7~3,平均羟值为32~58mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的45~60wt%;
(biii)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为70~100wt%,平均官能度为2~4,平均羟值为20~200mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的2~20wt%;优选氧亚乙烯单元含量为72~90wt%,平均官能度为2.5~3.8,平均羟值为30~100mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的3~15wt%;更优选氧亚乙烯单元含量为75~80wt%,平均官能度为2.8~3.5,平均羟值为35~60mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的5~10wt%。
(biv)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为0~20wt%,平均官能度为2~5,平均羟值为180~830mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的20~65wt%;优选氧亚乙基单元含量为0~15wt%,平均官能度为2~4.8,平均羟值为200~810mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的30~60wt%;更优选氧亚乙基单元含量为0~12wt%,平均官能度为2~4.5,平均羟值为220~790mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的35~55wt%。
(bv)扩链剂和/或交联剂,其用量为混合聚醚重量的0~10wt%,优选0.5~6wt%,更优选1~5.5wt%;
(c)表面活性剂,其用量为混合聚醚重量的0~1wt%,优选0.2~0.8wt%,更优选0.4~0.6wt%;
(d)催化剂,其用量为混合聚醚重量的0~3.5wt%,优选0.5~3wt%,更优选1~2.5wt%;
(e)任选的添加剂,包括色浆、内脱模剂、阻燃剂、填料、抗静电剂、香料、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、矿物油和抗微生物剂中的一种或两种或多种;
其中,反应体系中的异氰酸酯指数为0.6~0.9,优选0.6~0.8,更优选0.6~0.75。
本发明所述的异氰酸酯指数,是多异氰酸酯组合物中的NCO基团与异氰酸酯反应活性组分中活泼氢原子的摩尔比例。其中一个水分子含有2个活泼氢原子,一个羟基含有1个活泼氢原子,一个伯胺基含有2个活泼氢原子,一个仲胺基含有1个活泼氢原子。异氰酸酯指数较高时泡沫的慢回弹性减弱,泡沫闭孔率提高,收缩倾向增大,同时异氰酸酯指数太低会导致泡沫的力学性能下降。
本发明所述的(a)含有0~5wt%甲苯二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物(又称异氰酸酯组分)包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和异氰酸酯封端的多异氰酸酯预聚物中的一种或两种或多种。
本发明所述的含有0~5wt%甲苯二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物中,优选甲苯二异氰酸酯的含量为0wt%,以多异氰酸酯组合物的总重计。
本发明所述纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯包括二苯基甲烷-2,4’-二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯的一种或两种。
本发明所述聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯是指三环及三环以上的多环聚异氰酸酯,优选烟台万华的WANNATE PM-200。
本发明所述异氰酸酯封端的多异氰酸酯预聚物是异氰酸酯和多羟基化合物的反应产物,其中异氰酸酯包括纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的一种或两种或多种。多羟基化合物(也称作多元醇)的数均分子量为2000~10000,平均官能度为2~4,用量为制备多异氰酸酯预聚物所用异氰酸酯重量的1~20wt%。多羟基化合物可由选自多元醇(包括但不限于乙二醇、二甘醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、甘油、三羟基甲基丙烷、季戊四醇和山梨醇等)中至少一种的起始剂与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷聚合而形成;也可以由选自多胺(包括但不限于乙二胺、甲苯二胺、二氨基二苯基甲烷、多亚甲基多苯基多胺和氨基醇等)中的至少一种的起始剂与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷聚合而形成。合适的多羟基化合物的实例包括但不限于烟台万华的WANOL F5356、WANOL F5335、WANOL F5342和WANOL F5256等的一种或两种或多种。
一种实施方式中,所述多异氰酸酯组合物包括50~90wt%的纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和10~50wt%的聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,以多异氰酸酯组合物的总重计,其中,纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯包括1~45wt%的二苯基甲烷-2,4’-二异氰酸酯和55~99wt%的二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯,以纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的总重计。合适的多异氰酸酯组合物的实例包括但不限于烟台万华的WANNATE8221、WANNATE8223、ZQ-1、ZQ-2和ZQ-3等的一种或两种或多种。
另一实施方式中,所述多异氰酸酯组合物可以是异氰酸酯封端的多异氰酸酯预聚物(简称异氰酸酯预聚物)与其他异氰酸酯同系物的混合物。其他异氰酸酯同系物包括纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的一种或两种或多种。合适的多异氰酸酯组合物的实例包括但不限于烟台万华的WANNATE8018、WANNATE8019和WANNATE8107等的一种或两种或多种。
本发明所述(bi)水是单一发泡剂,无其他物理辅助发泡剂,根据对泡沫密度的要求及反应体系的特点,可以调整水用量。
本发明所述(bii)的实例包括但不限于烟台万华的WANOL F3135、天津三石化的TEP330N、天津三石化的TEP560、上海高桥的G330NY、南京可利亚的FA-703和陶氏化学的DOW4701等的一种或两种或多种。
本发明所述(biii)的实例包括但不限于烟台万华的WANOL F3140、上海高桥的GK350D、陶氏化学的CP1421和钟山石化的ZS3602等的一种或两种或多种。
本发明所述的(biv)的实例包括但不限于淄博德信联邦的DDL-400、DMN-500、DMN-700、DMN-1000、天津三石化的TMN-400、TMN-700、TMN-1000、山东蓝星东大的NT-403A、上海高桥的GR-835G和GLR2000等的一种或两种或多种,其使用可进一步提高泡沫的慢回弹特性。
本发明所述的(bv)扩链剂和/或交联剂,其中扩链剂包括小分子二元醇和二元胺的一种或两种或多种,优选乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、三丙二醇、丁二醇、3,5-二乙基甲苯二胺(DETDA)、3,5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺(DMTDA)和4,4’-双仲丁氨基二苯基甲烷(DBMDA)的一种或两种或多种;交联剂是官能度大于2的小分子多元醇或多元胺,优选甘油、二乙醇胺和三乙醇胺等的一种或两种或多种。制备较低密度的慢回弹泡沫时优选醇胺类交联剂,除起到泡孔网络交联的作用外,还可起催化作用,平衡发泡和凝胶的速度。
本发明所述的(c)表面活性剂起着乳化泡沫物料、稳定泡沫和调节泡孔的作用。它增加各组分的互溶性,有助于气泡的形成,可控制泡沫的大小及均匀性,促使泡沫泡孔凝胶张力的平衡,防止泡沫崩塌。适合用作本发明的组分(c)表面活性剂包括适用于聚氨酯泡沫材料的任何已知的表面活性剂,优选聚醚硅氧烷类表面活性剂,其一个重要作用是可使聚脲分散,增大聚脲与泡沫基体的相容性,这是通过其聚醚链段实现的,本发明所述的(c)表面活性剂的实例包括但不限于迈图的L-580、L-627、L-3002、Y-10366,气体化学的DC6070、赢创B-8002、B8715和德美世创AK8812等的一种或两种或多种。
本发明所述的(d)催化剂包括叔胺化合物的一种或两种或多种,合适的叔胺催化剂的实例包括但不限于三亚乙基二胺,双(二甲氨基乙基)醚,N,N,N’-三甲基-N’-羟乙基-二氨基乙醚,环己基甲基叔胺,五甲基二亚烷基三胺,四甲基亚烷基二胺,二甲基乙醇胺,N-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-N,N-二异丙醇胺,N-甲基吗啉,N-甲基咪唑和Huntsman公司的JEFFCAT LED103等。
本发明所述的(e)包括各种本领域技术人员已知的添加剂,可以用于本发明的粘弹性泡沫材料中,其用量为混合聚醚重量的0~20wt%,包括但不限于色浆、内脱模剂、阻燃剂、填料、抗静电剂、香料、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、矿物油和抗微生物剂中的一种或两种或多种。
上述扩链剂和/或交联剂、表面活性剂、催化剂及添加剂的用量取决于所需要产品的性能,并可以在聚氨酯泡沫技术人员所了解的范围内变化。
所述的混合聚醚即(bii)、(biii)和(biv)的混合物;氧亚乙基单元的含量是指在(bii)、(biii)或(biv)中,环氧乙烷重量/(环氧乙烷重量+环氧丙烷重量)。
在本发明中,“氧亚乙基单元”指由环氧乙烷(EO)形成的单元,“氧亚乙基单元”与“环氧乙烷单元”可互换使用,类似地,“氧亚丙基单元”指由环氧丙烷(PO)形成的单元,“氧亚丙基单元”与“环氧丙烷单元”可互换使用。“结合物”是指同一类型的两种或多种产品的相结合使用。
本发明的积极效果在于:
本发明所述的反应体系通过混合聚醚及多异氰酸酯组合物的选择,不含甲苯二异氰酸酯,原料毒性小,不含除水以外的其他物理发泡剂,不含金属类催化剂,对人体健康和环境没有危害,制备的泡沫的密度为50~70kg/m3,在物理性能测试中,球回弹率为15~30%,最大吸音系数0.99。该泡沫在具备低密度、粘弹性特征的前提下,可保持优良的吸音性能,改善传统粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫吸音效果较差的问题,可以通过模塑或块泡的制备技术制备该粘弹性泡沫,并可广泛用于汽车和家具行业产品,如隔音地毯、座椅、枕头、垫子等,并可用于吸/隔音类产品。
实施例
下面进一步详细说明本发明所提供一种低密度粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法,但本发明并不因此而受到任何限制。
为确定该泡沫是否呈现粘弹性及其吸音性能优劣,主要由以下三方面性能决定:
其一是泡沫的球回弹率,不同于高回弹泡沫,慢回弹泡沫的球回弹率通常在30%以下;测试所用仪器为江苏省化工研究所HTY-B型泡沫回弹系数测定仪。
其二是泡沫的复原时间。在其他性能良好的前提下,慢回弹泡沫的回复时间一般在3~15s之间,回弹时间在3s以下基本失去了慢回弹的特征,而在15s以上泡沫缺乏弹性,舒适度降低,尤其在支撑性本身较为有限的低密度泡沫表现更为明显;
其三是泡沫的吸音系数,吸音系数按GBT18696.2-2002“阻抗管中吸音系数和声阻抗的测量”传递函数法进行测试,试样为直径100mm和30mm,厚度为22mm的圆片,测试所用仪器为北京声望公司双通道测试仪,型号为SW230,频率范围64~6300Hz。
泡沫在熟化72小时后根据下列标准或方法进行各项性能测试。
本发明实施例所涉及的原料特征描述如下:
异氰酸酯反应活性组分(bii):
聚醚A:平均官能度3,羟值34mgKOH/g,25wt%EO-75wt%PO共聚,重均分子量4950,甘油为起始剂,购自烟台万华的WANOL F3135
聚醚B:平均官能度3,羟值56mgKOH/g,10wt%EO-90wt%PO共聚,重均分子量3000,甘油为起始剂,购自天津三石化的TEP560
异氰酸酯反应活性组分(biii):
聚醚C:平均官能度3,羟值42mgKOH/g,75wt%EO-25wt%PO共聚,重均分子量4000,甘油为起始剂,购自烟台万华的WANOL F3140
异氰酸酯反应活性组分(biv):
聚醚D:平均官能度2,羟值280mgKOH/g,100wt%PO聚合,重均分子量400,一缩二丙二醇为起始剂,购自淄博德信联邦的DDL-400
聚醚E:平均官能度3,羟值240mgKOH/g,8wt%EO-92wt%PO聚合,重均分子量700,甘油为起始剂,购自上海高桥石化公司的GLR2000
聚醚F:平均官能度3,羟值420mgKOH/g,100wt%PO聚合,重均分子量400,甘油为起始剂,购自天津三石化的TMN-400
聚醚G:平均官能度4,羟值770mgKOH/g,100wt%PO聚合,重均分子量290,乙二胺为起始剂,购自山东蓝星东大的NT-403A
聚醚H:平均官能度4.3,羟值440mgKOH/g,100wt%PO聚合,重均分子量550,蔗糖和甘油为混合起始剂,购自上海高桥石化的GR-835G
表面活性剂A:气体化学的DABCO DC6070
表面活性剂B:EVONIK的TEGOSTAB B8715
交联剂A:三乙醇胺
交联剂B:甘油
交联剂C:二乙醇胺
催化剂A:Huntsman公司的JEFFCAT LED103
催化剂B:Air Products公司的Dabco33LV(三亚乙基二胺)
催化剂C:Huntsman公司的JEFFCAT DPA(N-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-N,N-二异丙醇胺)
催化剂D:Air Products公司的Dabco BL-11
催化剂E:Air Products公司的Dabco8154
异氰酸酯A:烟台万华的WANNATE8018,其为多异氰酸酯预聚物、纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的混合物,具有大约29.5wt%的NCO含量。
异氰酸酯B:烟台万华的WANNATE8223,其为纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的混合物,具有大约32.6wt%的NCO含量。
异氰酸酯C:烟台万华的WANNATE8102,其为多异氰酸酯预聚物、纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的混合物,具有大约27.2wt%的NCO含量。
用本领域技术人员熟知的方法,将异氰酸酯反应活性组分加入到一个1L塑料烧杯中,并用一个转速为3000转/分、带7cm直径的圆搅拌浆头的立式搅拌器混合1分钟,然后加入多异氰酸酯组合物一起迅速混合5~8秒,将混合物倒入温度为50~60℃的20cm×20cm×5cm的铝质模具中,闭模3分钟后取出泡沫。其间未反应前的液体料温度应控制在25±3℃。
以下实施例是对本发明进一步的说明,但本发明的权限并不仅局限于此,本领域的技术人员都很清楚在实例基础上的任何改动都不会离开本发明的宗旨。
以下实施例中各组分用量均以重量份表示。
表1说明了在不同的聚醚组合配方下,使用异氰酸酯A实现本发明。其中的异氰酸酯反应活性组分(biii和biv)起到提高慢回弹泡沫特质的作用,加入该组分可降低球回弹率及提高玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。
表1异氰酸酯A制备粘弹性泡沫及其性能
表2在不同的聚醚组合配方下,使用异氰酸酯B实现本发明。与异氰酸酯A相比,异氰酸酯B的异氰酸酯基团含量高,在专利要求范围内,调整水、交联剂、催化剂等种类和用量,获得合乎要求的泡沫。
表2异氰酸酯B制备粘弹性泡沫及其性能
对比例
表3是使用较低异氰酸酯基团含量的异氰酸酯C制备的普通慢回弹泡沫,对比例1密度为70.1kg/m3,对比例2密度为45.5Kg/m3,两者球回弹率均低于15%,最大吸音系数低于0.70。
表3异氰酸酯C制备粘弹性泡沫及其性能
Claims (9)
1.一种粘弹性聚氨酯吸音泡沫,其特征在于,它由包括以下组分的反应体系制备:
(a)以多异氰酸酯组合物的总重计,含有0~5wt%甲苯二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物,其异氰酸酯基团的数均官能度为2~2.4,NCO含量为20~35wt%;
(b)异氰酸酯反应活性组分,包括:
(bi)水,用量为混合聚醚(bii+biii+biv)重量的2~5wt%;
(bii)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为5~35wt%,平均官能度为2~4,平均羟值为20~65mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的30~70wt%;
(biii)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为70~100wt%,平均官能度2~4,平均羟值为20~200mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的2~20wt%;
(biv)环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷共聚多元醇或其结合物,其中氧亚乙基单元含量为0~20wt%,平均官能度2~5,平均羟值为180~830mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的20~65wt%;
(bv)扩链剂和/或交联剂,其用量为混合聚醚重量的0~10wt%;
(c)表面活性剂,其用量为混合聚醚重量的0~1wt%;
(d)催化剂,其用量为混和聚醚重量的0~3.5wt%;
(e)任选的添加剂,包括色浆、内脱模剂、阻燃剂、填料、抗静电剂、香料、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、矿物油和抗微生物剂中的一种或两种或多种;
其中,反应体系中的异氰酸酯指数为0.6~0.9,优选0.6~0.8,更优选0.6~0.75。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述含有0~5wt%甲苯二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、纯二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和异氰酸酯封端的多异氰酸酯预聚物中的一种或两种或多种,优选甲苯二异氰酸酯的含量为0wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯组合物的异氰酸酯基团的数均官能度为2.1~2.3,NCO含量为25~33wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯反应活性组分(bi)用量为混合聚醚重量的2.5~4.5wt%,优选3~4wt%。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯反应活性组分(bii)的氧亚乙基单元含量为8~30wt%,平均官能度为2.7~3,平均羟值为30~60mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的40~65wt%;优选氧亚乙烯单元含量为10~28wt%,平均官能度为2.7~3,平均羟值为32~58mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的45~60wt%。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯反应活性组分(biii)的氧亚乙基单元含量为72~90wt%,平均官能度为2.5~3.8,平均羟值为30~100mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的3~15wt%;更优选氧亚乙烯单元含量为75~80wt%,平均官能度为2.8~3.5,平均羟值为35~60mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的5~10wt%。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯反应活性组分(biv)的氧亚乙基单元含量为0~15wt%,平均官能度为2~4.8,平均羟值为200~810mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的30~60wt%;更优选氧亚乙基单元含量为0~12wt%,平均官能度为2~4.5,平均羟值为220~790mgKOH/g,其用量为混合聚醚重量的35~55wt%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯反应活性组分(bv)扩链剂和/或交联剂的用量为混合聚醚重量的0.5~6wt%;(c)表面活性剂的用量为混合聚醚重量的0.2~0.8wt%;(d)催化剂的用量为混合聚醚重量的0.5~3wt%;优选(bv)扩链剂和/或交联剂的用量为混合聚醚重量的1~5.5wt%;(c)表面活性剂的用量为混合聚醚重量的0.4~0.6wt%;(d)催化剂的用量为混合聚醚重量的1~2.5wt%。
9.根据权利要求1~8任一项所述的泡沫,其特征在于,所述泡沫的密度为50~70kg/m3,球回弹率为15~30%,由驻波管法测定22mm厚度的泡沫,其500Hz吸音系数为0.15~0.35,1000Hz吸音系数为0.40~0.70,2000Hz吸音系数为0.80~0.99,最大吸音系数0.99。
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