CN104026077A - Method for cultivating earthworms - Google Patents
Method for cultivating earthworms Download PDFInfo
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- CN104026077A CN104026077A CN201410185378.3A CN201410185378A CN104026077A CN 104026077 A CN104026077 A CN 104026077A CN 201410185378 A CN201410185378 A CN 201410185378A CN 104026077 A CN104026077 A CN 104026077A
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- earthworm
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 title abstract 8
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009368 vermiculture Methods 0.000 claims description 151
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(O)CO KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020097 white wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000234671 Ananas Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000243818 Annelida Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- -1 rubble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029305 taxis Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating earthworms. The method comprises the steps that first, a base box body is sequentially filled with river stones, gravel and silver sand, an earthworm cultivation box is placed on the base box body, organic waste mixtures are arranged in the earthworm cultivation box, then earthworm seedlings are put into the earthworm cultivation box, after the earthworms are cultivated for 30 days, organic waste mixtures are continuously added into the earthworm cultivation box until the earthworm cultivation box is filled with the organic waste mixtures; earthworm cultivation boxes are continuously placed on the earthworm cultivation box filled with the organic waste mixtures, after the earthworm cultivation box at the top layer is filled with the organic waste mixtures, the earthworm cultivation box at the bottom layer is drawn out, and the earthworm cultivation box is placed back to the top layer after earthworm cast in the earthworm cultivation box is cleaned away to achieve circulation cultivation. The method for cultivating the earthworms has the advantages that the facts that earthworms are bred from generation to generation, are inbred and are in variety degeneration are avoided, and breed conservation and reproduction of the earthworms can be better achieved. Adult earthworms are harvested conveniently, the living and incubation environment of the earthworms is not damaged, the incubation rate is guaranteed, and the method is suitable for earthworm industrial large-scale cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of earthworm.
Background technology
Earthworm is the annelids being grown in soil, contains rich in protein, can be used as medicine, and has the effect of antipyretic, town contraction, step-down, diuresis and the network that stimulates the menstrual flow.At present, earthworm is generally to adopt the cultivation of vermiculture case, while gathering, then common to earthworm and wormcast taking-up need to be separated, thereby heavy damage the living environment of earthworm, affect the hatching of earthworm cocoon, in isolated wormcast, also have more young earthworm and earthworm cocoon, be difficult to separate, cause earthworm output low; And earthworm is often same raising of generation, and modern age, breeding, caused cacogenesis, be unfavorable for the conservation breeding of earthworm.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the cultural method of a kind of earthworm, the method can avoid earthworm from generation to generation with raising, inbreeding, deterioration of variety, be conducive to the conservation breeding of earthworm; Become earthworm to gather conveniently, do not damage life and the environment of hatching of earthworm, ensure earthworm cocoon incubation rate and earthworm output, be applicable to the cultivation of earthworm large-scale industrialization.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A cultural method for earthworm, its concrete steps are as follows:
1.1, adopt by being highly 10cm
~30cm and bottom surface have osculum substrate box body, overlay the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed of vermiculture box that 3～5 height on substrate box body are 20cm composition, it is 0.5cm that the bottom of described vermiculture box has diameter
~the sieve aperture of 1cm; First in substrate box body, fill successively river stone, rubble and fine sand and fill up, form river stone layer, metalling and fine sand layer, the aspect ratio of described river stone layer and metalling, river stone layer and fine sand layer is respectively 1:0.6～1:0.7,1:0.3～1:0.4, wherein the diameter of river stone is 4cm～5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm～3cm;
1.2, at least two kinds of organic wastes in mud, crushing straw, cow dung, pig manure, crushing straw, rotten vegetable leaf are mixed and obtain organic waste compound, wherein in organic waste compound, the mass ratio of carbon and nitrogen element is 20:1～30:1;
1.3, after substrate box body is filled up, on substrate box body, place vermiculture box, in vermiculture box, pack the highly organic waste compound for 5cm～10cm into, then throw in commodity earthworm seedling or plant and use earthworm seedling, the injected volume of described commodity earthworm seedling is 5 kg/m
2～10kg/m
2, described kind is 10 kg/m with the injected volume of earthworm seedling
2～20 kg/m
2, raise after 30 days, in vermiculture box, continue to add organic waste compound, then added an organic waste compound every 7 days～10 days, each addition is 40 kg/m
2~ 70 kg/m
2, until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box;
1.4, on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, continue to place vermiculture box, feed in raw material until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box according to the feed way of throwing in step 1.3 after earthworm, repeat said process, until total number of plies of vermiculture box is 3 layers～5 layers; The vermiculture box of top layer fills up after organic waste compound, bottom vermiculture box is extracted out, and wormcast in this layer of vermiculture box is put back to as top layer circulation after emptying and raised;
1.5, in 100kg water, add 2kg～3kg urea, 3g～5g asccharin, 3mL～5mL flavoring pineapple essence, 30mL～50mL acetin preparation nutrient solution;
1.6,, in the process of whole earthworm breeding, above vermiculture box, every 10 days～15 days spray one time of nutrition liquid, the addition of nutrient solution was 20 kg/m
2～30 kg/m
2; Every a water of spray in 2 days～4 days, make the water content 60wt%～80wt% of organic waste compound in vermiculture box;
1.7, get 2g white sugar and join in 100mL water and stir, then add 0.5g white wine or vinasse, preparation attractant;
1.8
,throw in first commodity earthworm after 30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge and lures into earthworm, and the one-tenth earthworm of the interior earthworm total quantity 25% of vermiculture box that accounts for top layer of gathering, gathered again every 30 days, gather earthworm 3 times after totally 90 days, concentrated and lure into earthworm once and gather every 15 days～60 days, before gathering, spray liquor potassic permanganate, become the earthworm amount of gathering to account for the interior earthworm total quantity 60%～80% of vermiculture box of top layer, after earthworm is gathered, clean the earthworm of gathering with clear water, obtain commodity earthworm;
1.9
,throw in first and plant with earthworm after 20 days～30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge, lure after 50%～70% one-tenth earthworm of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box that accounts for top layer, earthworm was concentrated and lures into earthworm once every 20 days, lured into earthworm quantity at every turn and accounted for 20%～30% of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box of top layer.
Step 1.9 is lured into after earthworm at every turn, the individuality of choosing earthworm endless belt maturation becomes earthworm to reserve seed for planting, then the one-tenth earthworm of reserving seed for planting from different stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture beds is carried out to bulk crossing, be invested in new culturing bed and purify, after residue earthworm adult mixes, put into another new vermiculture bed.
Described organic waste compound is that volume ratio is the mud of 7:3 and the compound of crushing straw, or the compound of the volume ratio cow dung that is 6:2:2, pig manure, crushing straw, or the volume ratio cow dung that is 8:2 and the compound of rotten vegetable leaf, or the compound of the volume ratio mud that is 6:3:1, crushing straw, cow dung.
When step 1.3 is thrown in earthworm, every 10kg earthworm mixes 50kg wormcast to be dropped into together, to prevent that earthworm from causing the phenomena of mortality owing to being not suitable with new living environment.
The mass percent concentration of described liquor potassic permanganate is 1.5%, and sprinkling amount is 3kg/m
2.
The moisture content of described mud is 70%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1), utilize in substrate box body and put into river stone, rubble, sand ventilating drainage, the survival of guarantee earthworm in the environment of sealing, thereby the reproduction rate of raising earthworm.
(2), adopt organic waste breeding earthworm, make the organic waste can the processing of industrialization high density; In earthworm breeding process, spray nutrient solution, meet the nutritional need in earthworm breeding process, improve the output of earthworm.
(3), having realized earthworm circulation stereo raises, the one-tenth earthworm that utilizes attractant to lure, take full advantage of the biological taxis of earthworm, transfer in last layer vermiculture box undamaged earthworm, become earthworm easily to gather, wormcast is collected convenient, does not damage life and the environment of hatching of earthworm, ensure incubation rate and earthworm output, realized the cultivation of earthworm large-scale industrialization.
(4), raise and plant while using earthworm, one-tenth earthworm is lured out, vermiculture box leaves earthworm cocoon and young earthworm is realized the unified method of raising of breeding of concentrating, concentrated and lure earthworm once every 20 days, avoid earthworm from generation to generation with raising, inbreeding, deterioration of variety, is conducive to the breeding of earthworm conservation and reaches the object that conservation is purified.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed that adopts of the present invention (corresponding embodiment 1) vermiculture;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the substrate box body in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the vermiculture box in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1-substrate box body, 101-osculum, 2-vermiculture box.
Embodiment
The raising of earthworm for embodiment 1(kind)
1.1, adopt by being highly 30cm and the bottom surface substrate box body 1 with osculum 101, overlaying on substrate box body the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed that vermiculture box 2 that 4 height of 1 are 20cm forms, the bottom of described vermiculture box 2 has the sieve aperture that diameter is 0.5cm; First in substrate box body, fill successively river stone, rubble and fine sand and fill up, form river stone layer, metalling and fine sand layer, the height of described river stone layer, metalling, fine sand layer is respectively 15cm, 10cm, 5cm, wherein, the diameter of river stone is 4cm～5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm～3cm;
1.2, mud (moisture content is 70%) and crushing straw are mixed and obtain organic waste compound according to volume ratio 7:3, wherein in organic waste compound, the mass ratio of carbon and nitrogen element is 20:1;
1.3, in 100kg water, add 2kg urea, 3g asccharin, 3mL flavoring pineapple essence, 30mL acetin preparation nutrient solution;
1.4, substrate box body is filled out body full after, on substrate box body, place vermiculture box, in vermiculture box, pack the highly organic waste compound for 10cm into, then throw in and kind use earthworm seedling, kind is 20kg/m with the injected volume of earthworm seedling
2raise after 30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge, lure after 70% one-tenth earthworm of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box that accounts for top layer, earthworm was concentrated and lures into earthworm once every 20 days, lured into earthworm quantity at every turn and accounted for 25% of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box of top layer; And in vermiculture box, continue to add organic waste compound, and then added an organic waste compound every 7 days, each addition is 70 kg/m
2, until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box;
1.5, on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, continue to place vermiculture box, continue to add an organic waste compound every 7 days according to the feed way of step 1.3, each addition is 70 kg/m
2, organic waste compound fills up after vermiculture box, continues to place vermiculture box on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, and total number of plies of vermiculture box is 4 layers; The vermiculture box of top layer fills up after organic waste compound, the bottom (ground floor) vermiculture box is extracted out, the second layer, the 3rd layer, the 4th layer vermiculture box continue to overlay successively on substrate box body, put back to as top layer (the 4th layer) circulation and raise after the wormcast in the vermiculture box of extraction empties;
1.6,, in the process of whole earthworm breeding, above vermiculture box, every 10 days spray one time of nutrition liquid, the addition of nutrient solution was 20 kg/m
2; Every a water of spray in 4 days, make the water content 60wt% of organic waste compound in vermiculture box;
After the one-tenth earthworm of 1.7, at every turn luring, choose earthworm endless belt maturation individuality become earthworm to reserve seed for planting, then the one-tenth earthworm of reserving seed for planting from different stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture beds is carried out to bulk crossing, be invested in new culturing bed and purify, after residue earthworm adult mixes, put into another new vermiculture bed.
The raising of embodiment 2(commodity earthworm)
1.1, adopt by being highly 30cm and the bottom surface substrate box body 1 with osculum 101, overlaying on substrate box body the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed that vermiculture box 2 that 4 height of 1 are 20cm forms, the bottom of described vermiculture box 2 has the sieve aperture that diameter is 0.5cm; First in substrate box body, fill successively river stone, rubble and fine sand and fill up, form river stone layer, metalling and fine sand layer, the height of described river stone layer, metalling, fine sand layer is respectively 15cm, 10cm, 5cm, wherein, the diameter of river stone is 4cm～5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm～3cm;
1.2, cow dung, pig manure, crushing straw are mixed and obtain organic waste compound according to volume ratio 6:2:2, wherein in organic waste compound, the mass ratio of carbon and nitrogen element is 20:1;
1.3, after substrate box body is filled up, place vermiculture box on substrate box body, pack the highly organic waste compound for 10cm in vermiculture box into, then throw in commodity earthworm seedling, the injected volume of commodity earthworm seedling is 10kg/m
2, raise after 30 days, in vermiculture box, continue to add organic waste compound, then added an organic waste compound every 7 days, each addition is 70 kg/m
2, until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box;
1.4, on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, continue to place vermiculture box, continue to add an organic waste compound every 7 days according to the feed way of step 1.3, each addition is 70 kg/m
2, organic waste compound fills up after vermiculture box, continues to place vermiculture box on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, and total number of plies of vermiculture box is 4 layers; The vermiculture box of top layer fills up after organic waste compound, the bottom (ground floor) vermiculture box is extracted out, the second layer, the 3rd layer, the 4th layer vermiculture box continue to overlay successively on substrate box body, put back to as top layer (the 4th layer) circulation and raise after the wormcast in the vermiculture box of extraction empties;
1.5, in 100kg water, add 2kg urea, 3g asccharin, 3mL flavoring pineapple essence, 30mL acetin preparation nutrient solution;
1.6,, in the process of whole earthworm breeding, above vermiculture box, every 10 days spray one time of nutrition liquid, the addition of nutrient solution was 20 kg/m
2; Every a water of spray in 4 days, make the water content 60wt% of organic waste compound in vermiculture box;
1.7, get 2g white sugar and join in 100mL water and stir, then add 0.5g white wine or vinasse, preparation attractant;
1.8
,throw in first earthworm 30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge and lures into earthworm, and the one-tenth earthworm of the interior earthworm total quantity 25% of vermiculture box that accounts for top layer of gathering, gathered again every 30 days, gather earthworm 3 times after totally 90 days, concentrated and lure into earthworm once and gather every 30 days, become the earthworm amount of gathering to account for earthworm total quantity 70% in the vermiculture box of top layer, before gathering according to 3kg/m
2the liquor potassic permanganate that sprinkling mass percent concentration is 1.5%, after earthworm is gathered, cleans the one-tenth earthworm of gathering with clear water, obtain commodity earthworm.
The raising of embodiment 3(commodity earthworm)
1.1, adopt by being highly 10cm and the bottom surface substrate box body 1 with osculum 101, overlaying on substrate box body the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed that vermiculture box 2 that 3 height of 1 are 20cm forms, the bottom of described vermiculture box 2 has the sieve aperture that diameter is 1cm; First in substrate box body, fill successively river stone, rubble and fine sand and fill up, form river stone layer, metalling and fine sand layer, the height of described river stone layer, metalling, fine sand layer is respectively 5cm, 3cm, 2cm, wherein, the diameter of river stone is 4cm～5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm～3cm;
1.2, cow dung and rotten vegetable leaf are mixed and obtain organic waste compound according to volume ratio 8:2, wherein in organic waste compound, the mass ratio of carbon and nitrogen element is 30:1;
1.3, after substrate box body is filled up, place vermiculture box on substrate box body, pack the highly organic waste compound for 5cm in vermiculture box into, then throw in commodity earthworm seedling, the injected volume of commodity earthworm seedling is 5 kg/m
2, raise after 30 days, in vermiculture box, continue to add organic waste compound, then added an organic waste compound every 10 days, each addition is 40 kg/m
2, until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box;
1.4, on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, continue to place vermiculture box, continue to add an organic waste compound every 10 days according to the feed way of step 1.3, each addition is 40 kg/m
2, organic waste compound fills up after vermiculture box, continues to place vermiculture box on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, and total number of plies of vermiculture box is 3 layers; The vermiculture box of top layer fills up after organic waste compound, the bottom (ground floor) vermiculture box is extracted out, the second layer, the 3rd layer, the 4th layer vermiculture box continue to overlay successively on substrate box body, put back to as top layer (the 4th layer) circulation and raise after the wormcast in the vermiculture box of extraction empties;
1.5, in 100kg water, add 3kg urea, 5g asccharin, 5mL flavoring pineapple essence, 50mL acetin preparation nutrient solution;
1.6,, in the process of whole earthworm breeding, above vermiculture box, every 15 days spray one time of nutrition liquid, the addition of nutrient solution was 30 kg/m
2; Every a water of spray in 3 days, make the water content 80wt% of organic waste compound in vermiculture box;
1.7, get 2g white sugar and join in 100mL water and stir, then add 0.5g white wine or vinasse, preparation attractant;
1.8
,throw in first earthworm 30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge and lures into earthworm, and the one-tenth earthworm of the interior earthworm total quantity 25% of vermiculture box that accounts for top layer of gathering, gathered again every 30 days, concentrated and lure into earthworm once and gather every 60 days, gather earthworm 3 times after totally 90 days, become the earthworm amount of gathering to account for earthworm total quantity 80% in the vermiculture box of top layer, before gathering according to 3kg/m
2the liquor potassic permanganate that sprinkling mass percent concentration is 1.5%, after earthworm is gathered, cleans the one-tenth earthworm of gathering with clear water, obtain commodity earthworm.
The raising of embodiment 4(commodity earthworm)
1.1, adopt by being highly 20cm and the bottom surface substrate box body 1 with osculum 101, overlaying on substrate box body the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed that vermiculture box 2 that 5 height of 1 are 20cm forms, the bottom of described vermiculture box 2 has the sieve aperture that diameter is 0.8cm; First in substrate box body, fill successively river stone, rubble and fine sand and fill up, form river stone layer, metalling and fine sand layer, the height of described river stone layer and metalling, fine sand layer is respectively 10cm, 7cm, 3cm, wherein, the diameter of river stone is 4cm～5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm～3cm;
1.2, mud, crushing straw, cow dung are mixed and obtain organic waste compound according to volume ratio 6:3:1, wherein in organic waste compound, the mass ratio of carbon and nitrogen element is 25:1;
1.3, after substrate box body is filled up, place vermiculture box on substrate box body, pack the highly organic waste compound for 8cm in vermiculture box into, then throw in commodity earthworm seedling, the injected volume of commodity earthworm seedling is 8kg/m
2, raise after 30 days, in vermiculture box, continue to add organic waste compound, then added an organic waste compound every 8 days, each addition is 50 kg/m
2, until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box;
1.4, on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, continue to place vermiculture box, continue to add an organic waste compound every 8 days according to the feed way of step 1.3, each addition is 50 kg/m
2, organic waste compound fills up after vermiculture box, continues to place vermiculture box on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, and total number of plies of vermiculture box is 5 layers; The vermiculture box of top layer fills up after organic waste compound, the bottom (ground floor) vermiculture box is extracted out, the second layer, the 3rd layer, the 4th layer vermiculture box continue to overlay successively on substrate box body, put back to as top layer (the 4th layer) circulation and raise after the wormcast in the vermiculture box of extraction empties;
1.5, in 100kg water, add 2.5kg urea, 4g asccharin, 4mL flavoring pineapple essence, 40mL acetin preparation nutrient solution;
1.6,, in the process of whole earthworm breeding, above vermiculture box, every 12 days spray one time of nutrition liquid, the addition of nutrient solution was 25 kg/m
2; Every a water of spray in 4 days, make the water content 70wt% of organic waste compound in vermiculture box;
1.7, get 2g white sugar and join in 100mL water and stir, then add 0.5g white wine or vinasse, preparation attractant;
1.8
,throw in first earthworm 30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge and lures into earthworm, and the one-tenth earthworm of the interior earthworm total quantity 25% of vermiculture box that accounts for top layer of gathering, gathered again every 30 days, gather earthworm 3 times after totally 90 days, concentrated and lure into earthworm once and gather every 15 days, become the earthworm amount of gathering to account for earthworm total quantity 60% in the vermiculture box of top layer, before gathering according to 3kg/m
2the liquor potassic permanganate that sprinkling mass percent concentration is 1.5%, after earthworm is gathered, cleans the one-tenth earthworm of gathering with clear water, obtain commodity earthworm.
The raising of earthworm for embodiment 5(kind)
Plant while input with earthworm seedling, injected volume is 10 kg/m
2throw in first and plant with earthworm after 20 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge, lure after 50% one-tenth earthworm of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box that accounts for top layer, earthworm was concentrated and lures into earthworm once every 20 days, lure into earthworm quantity at every turn and account for 20% of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box of top layer, the other the same as in Example 1.
The raising of earthworm for embodiment 6(kind)
Plant while input with earthworm seedling, injected volume is 15 kg/m
2throw in first and plant with earthworm after 25 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge, lure after 60% one-tenth earthworm of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box that accounts for top layer, earthworm was concentrated and lures into earthworm once every 20 days, lure into earthworm quantity at every turn and account for 30% of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box of top layer, the other the same as in Example 1.
The organic waste proportioning of the embodiment of the present invention 1～embodiment 4 and earthworm are thrown in situation as table 1, and earthworm is gathered situation as shown in Figure 2.
Table 1
| ? | Organic waste | Ratio v/v | Throw in earthworm | Wormcast | Feeding time |
| Embodiment 1 | Mud: crushing straw | 7:3 | 10kg | 50kg | 3 months |
| Embodiment 2 | Cow dung: pig manure: crushing straw | 6:2:2 | 10kg | 50kg | 3 months |
| Embodiment 3 | Cow dung: rotten vegetable leaf | 8:2 | 5kg | 25kg | 3 months |
| Embodiment 4 | Mud: crushing straw: cow dung | 6:3:1 | 8kg | 40kg | 3 months |
Note: throw in the individual long 70-140 millimeter of earthworm, health is cylindrical, the purplish red light of body colour.Crushing straw is that crushing straw is become to the long segment of 1cm.
Table 2
| ? | The earthworm (kg) of gathering | Organic waste (kg) | Wormcast (kg) |
| Embodiment 1 | 92.8 | 470 | 120 |
| Embodiment 2 | 68.2 | 330 | 143 |
| Embodiment 3 | 89.2 | 330 | 156 |
| Embodiment 4 | 58.7 | 380 | 132 |
Claims (6)
1. a cultural method for earthworm, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
1.1, adopt by being highly 10cm
~30cm and bottom surface have osculum substrate box body, overlay the stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture bed of vermiculture box that 3～5 height on substrate box body are 20cm composition, it is 0.5cm that the bottom of described vermiculture box has diameter
~the sieve aperture of 1cm; First in substrate box body, fill successively river stone, rubble and fine sand and fill up, form river stone layer, metalling and fine sand layer, the aspect ratio of described river stone layer and metalling, river stone layer and fine sand layer is respectively 1:0.6～1:0.7,1:0.3～1:0.4, wherein the diameter of river stone is 4cm～5cm, and the diameter of rubble is 2cm～3cm;
1.2, at least two kinds of organic wastes in mud, crushing straw, cow dung, pig manure, crushing straw, rotten vegetable leaf are mixed and obtain organic waste compound, wherein in organic waste compound, the mass ratio of carbon and nitrogen element is 20:1～30:1;
1.3, after substrate box body is filled up, on substrate box body, place vermiculture box, in vermiculture box, pack the highly organic waste compound for 5cm～10cm into, then throw in commodity earthworm seedling or plant and use earthworm seedling, the injected volume of described commodity earthworm seedling is 5 kg/m
2～10kg/m
2, described kind is 10 kg/m with the injected volume of earthworm seedling
2～20 kg/m
2, raise after 30 days, in vermiculture box, continue to add organic waste compound, then added an organic waste compound every 7 days～10 days, each addition is 40 kg/m
2~ 70 kg/m
2, until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box;
1.4, on the vermiculture box that fills up organic waste compound, continue to place vermiculture box, feed in raw material until organic waste compound fills up vermiculture box according to the feed way of throwing in step 1.3 after earthworm, repeat said process, until total number of plies of vermiculture box is 3 layers～5 layers; The vermiculture box of top layer fills up after organic waste compound, bottom vermiculture box is extracted out, and wormcast in this layer of vermiculture box is put back to as top layer circulation after emptying and raised;
1.5, in 100kg water, add 2kg～3kg urea, 3g～5g asccharin, 3mL～5mL flavoring pineapple essence, 30mL～50mL acetin preparation nutrient solution;
1.6,, in the process of whole earthworm breeding, above vermiculture box, every 10 days～15 days spray one time of nutrition liquid, the addition of nutrient solution was 20 kg/m
2～30 kg/m
2; Every a water of spray in 2 days～4 days, make the water content 60wt%～80wt% of organic waste compound in vermiculture box;
1.7, get 2g white sugar and join in 100mL water and stir, then add 0.5g white wine or vinasse, preparation attractant;
1.8
,throw in first commodity earthworm after 30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge and lures into earthworm, and the one-tenth earthworm of the interior earthworm total quantity 25% of vermiculture box that accounts for top layer of gathering, gathered again every 30 days, gather earthworm 3 times after totally 90 days, concentrated and lure into earthworm once and gather every 15 days～60 days, before gathering, spray liquor potassic permanganate, become the earthworm amount of gathering to account for the interior earthworm total quantity 60%～80% of vermiculture box of top layer, after earthworm is gathered, clean the earthworm of gathering with clear water, obtain commodity earthworm;
1.9
,throw in first and plant with earthworm after 20 days～30 days, attractant is sprayed onto in the vermiculture box that is placed on top layer on sponge, lure after 50%～70% one-tenth earthworm of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box that accounts for top layer, earthworm was concentrated and lures into earthworm once every 20 days, lured into earthworm quantity at every turn and accounted for 20%～30% of earthworm total quantity in the vermiculture box of top layer.
2. the cultural method of earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1.9 is lured into after earthworm at every turn, the individuality of choosing earthworm endless belt maturation becomes earthworm to reserve seed for planting, then the one-tenth earthworm of reserving seed for planting from different stereoscopic multi-layer vermiculture beds is carried out to bulk crossing, be invested in new culturing bed and purify, after residue earthworm adult mixes, put into another new vermiculture bed.
3. the cultural method of earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described organic waste compound is that volume ratio is the mud of 7:3 and the compound of crushing straw, or the compound of the volume ratio cow dung that is 6:2:2, pig manure, crushing straw, or the volume ratio cow dung that is 8:2 and the compound of rotten vegetable leaf, or the compound of the volume ratio mud that is 6:3:1, crushing straw, cow dung.
4. the cultural method of earthworm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when step 1.3 is thrown in earthworm, every 10kg earthworm mixes 50kg wormcast and drops into together.
5. the cultural method of earthworm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass percent concentration of described liquor potassic permanganate is 1.5%, and sprinkling amount is 3kg/m
2.
6. the cultural method of earthworm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the moisture content of described mud is 70%.
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