CN103982009A - Roof greening structure and construction method - Google Patents
Roof greening structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982009A CN103982009A CN201410218557.2A CN201410218557A CN103982009A CN 103982009 A CN103982009 A CN 103982009A CN 201410218557 A CN201410218557 A CN 201410218557A CN 103982009 A CN103982009 A CN 103982009A
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- roof
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- plastic module
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- permeable filter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a roof greening structure and a construction method. The roof greening structure comprises a waterproof polyurethane layer, a mortar protection layer, a waterproof leakproof two-cloth one-film layer, a plastic roof plant support module, a permeable filter layer, a filter layer, a matrix layer, a permeable filter layer, a plant layer and a vegetation layer which are overlapped or paved on the roof in sequence from the bottom to top. The roof greening structure is simple in structure, easy to implement and obvious in effect. The roof greening structure has advantages of heat insulation, rainwater interception, dust re-entrainment reducing, building structure aging delaying and building life span prolonging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of roof afforestation structure and construction method.
Background technology
At present a difficult problem for afforestation of city maximum is that city lacks soil, and roof greening is to take top of building platform as support, carries out retaining, earthing, a kind of greening form of the plant of planting.Roof greening is the effective way of saving soil, developing afforestation of city space, beautifying building, is the Building technology combination artistic with greening, is the space potential of building and the multiple benefit perfect adaptation of green plants and the product of giving full play to.
The raising of people to afforestation of city understanding, land use for greening is not enough, need to seek new greening approach; Building technology level improves, and the roof of reliable in quality is provided.The raising of greening technique level, makes that roof greening load alleviates, cost reduces, technology is easy, benefit is obvious, thereby popular.
Roof greening has following functions:
1, improve urban ecological environment;
2, increase city's green areas;
3, beautifying city view changes the little climate in city;
4, regulate citizen's mood;
5, energy-saving and emission-reduction;
6, build city good for habitation.
There is following some shortcomings part in existing roof greening construction method:
1) roof greening causes the imposed load of building roof larger;
2) roof greening has a certain impact to existing building roof drainage system;
3) roof greening pouring mode is comparatively original, can not realize automatic management;
4) roof greening can not be realized building roofing rainwater-collecting is processed.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of roof afforestation structure and construction method.
The another one technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of roof greening construction method.
For roof afforestation structure, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise polyurethane water-proof layer, mortar cover, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module, water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus, water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer and vegetable layer; Described polyurethane water-proof layer, mortar cover, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module, water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus, water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer and vegetable layer overlap successively from bottom to up or are laid on above roof.
As preferably, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers consist of two layers of geotextiles therebetween one deck PE waterproof film; Described filtration beds adopts haydite or gravel to form, and water-permeable filter layer consists of geotextiles; Hypothallus by soil, haydite is native and fertilizer forms; Plantation layer is mixed by loam, peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, sawdust.
As preferably, roof planting supporting plastic module is that polypropylene plastics is made, combinable stereoscopic plastic module, described stereoscopic plastic module be shaped as projective table type and in band cavity, can be assemblied into sandwich construction.
As preferably, vegetable layer by lawn, by, shrub, liana, formed; Stonecrop, Manila, Bermuda grass are selected in described lawn; Selected window box oxalis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf describedly; Described shrub is selected plum blossom, Chinese rose, tree peony, flowering plum, pomegranate, Chinese littleleaf box; Described liana is selected Chinese wistaria, is reached the clouds, three leaf humid euphorbias, ivy, grape, the banksia rose, honeysuckle.
As preferably, comprise light roof greening structure and heavy roof afforestation structure; Roof planting supporting plastic module in described light roof greening structure is laid and to be formed with projective table type stereoscopic plastic module individual layer, and described water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus are laid in the cavity of projective table type stereoscopic plastic module of individual layer successively from top to bottom; Roof planting supporting plastic module in described heavy roof afforestation structure is assemblied into upper and lower two-layer structure by projective table type stereoscopic plastic module, and described water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus are laid on the cavity of the projective table type stereoscopic plastic module that is positioned at upper strata successively from top to bottom.
For roof greening method, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise the following steps:
(1) existing building roofing is cleared up, cleaning content comprises floating ash, greasy dirt;
(2) existing building roofing is fixed with moistureproof and is processed, then spraying polyurethane waterproofing course, play waterproof and impermeable effect;
(3) on polyurethane water-proof layer, lay one deck mortar cover, play the protective effect of polyurethane water-proof layer;
(4) on mortar cover, lay the two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers that formed by two layers of geotextiles therebetween one deck PE waterproof film;
(5) on two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module is set; Described roof planting supporting plastic module is that polypropylene plastics is made, combinable stereoscopic plastic module, described stereoscopic plastic module be shaped as projective table type and in band cavity, can be assemblied into sandwich construction;
(6) in the cavity the inside of roof planting supporting plastic module, set gradually water-permeable filter layer, the filtration beds being formed by haydite or gravel and hypothallus;
(7) on hypothallus, lay successively water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer; Finally on plantation layer, vegetable layer is set.
As preferably, the thickness 25-35mm of polyurethane water-proof layer sprays 10mm at every turn, several times spraying.
As preferably, the thickness 20mm of mortar cover, and lay reinforced mesh.
As preferably, filtration beds adopts haydite or gravel to form, and water-permeable filter layer consists of geotextiles; Hypothallus by soil, haydite is native and fertilizer forms after mixing; Plantation layer is mixed by loam, peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, sawdust.
As preferably, vegetable layer by lawn, by, shrub, liana, formed; Stonecrop, Manila, Bermuda grass are selected in lawn; The selected window box oxalis in ground, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf; Shrub is selected plum blossom, Chinese rose, tree peony, flowering plum, pomegranate, Chinese littleleaf box; Liana is selected Chinese wistaria, is reached the clouds, three leaf humid euphorbias, ivy, grape, the banksia rose, honeysuckle.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Simple in structure, implement easily successful.Have advantages of thermal insulation, rainwater hold back, reduce reentrainment of dust, delay fabric structure aging, extend Building life cycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the light roof greening construction sectional drawing of roof greening construction embodiment of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the heavy roof greening construction sectional drawing of roof greening construction embodiment of the method for the present invention.
In figure, 1-polyurethane water-proof layer, 2-mortar cover, 3-bis-cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, 4-roof planting supporting plastic module, 5-water-permeable filter layer, 6-filtration beds, 7-hypothallus, 8-water-permeable filter layer, 9-kind is planted layer, 10-vegetable layer.
The specific embodiment
The weak point existing for prior art, the present embodiment proposes a kind of improved roof greening construction method, utilize plastic support module as the support system of roof greening planting, under roof greening, form water space, by self-cleaning filter device, can filter the rainwater storing, and utilize lift pump to the pressurization of pipeline rainwater, can to roof greening, carry out automatic-watering as required.To the rainwater storing, can collect, as the water source of using mixedly on building and ground greening, ground.
This technology not only can be used for original building roof, on new building roof, can use in a large number.First tackle inhering architecture roof and carry out waterproof, antiseep processing, concrete processing method is as follows:
1, to the floating ash of existing building roofing cleaning, greasy dirt etc.;
2, in polyurethane water-proof layer construction Qian Dui basic unit, process, then spraying polyurethane waterproofing course (thickness 30mm left and right sprays 10mm at every turn, several times spraying), play waterproof and impermeable effect;
3, on polyurethane water-proof layer, lay one deck mortar cover, (thickness 20mm, arranges reinforced mesh), plays the protective effect of polyurethane water-proof layer;
4, on mortar cover, lay the two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers that formed by two layers of geotextiles therebetween one deck PE waterproof film;
5, on two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module is set; Roof planting supporting plastic module is that polypropylene plastics is made, combinable stereoscopic plastic module, stereoscopic plastic module be shaped as projective table type and in band cavity, can be assemblied into sandwich construction;
6, in the cavity the inside of roof planting supporting plastic module, set gradually the water-permeable filter layer being formed by geotextiles, the filtration beds being formed by light materials such as haydite or gravels and by soil, haydite is native and fertilizer forms after mixing hypothallus;
7, on hypothallus, lay successively water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer, wherein plantation layer is mixed by loam, peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, sawdust; Finally on plantation layer, vegetable layer is set.
Above-mentioned hypothallus all carries out according to conventional way with the mixed proportion of planting each component in layer.
With regard to the form of roof greening, the present embodiment can coverage mode or planting patterns set up some citation forms such as roofing lawn, roof frame, nursery, roof, vegetable garden, roof, roof garden.
Cultivation matrix, the greening mode of intensive planting plants in cultivation matrix are laid in top at building.The lawn piece of cultivating in base with the thick host material of 2~3cm, can once sod into level ground on roof, cost is lower.Roof design-build is become can be for the garden form of people's activity.For the stronger roofing of bearing capacity, the garden type greening of plantation shrub seeds.Be applicable to the roof that area is larger, be used for saloon bar, hotel and highrise building, the roof space is changed many, produce levels are rich, colorful effect.
Roof greening generally selects vegetation to require: wind resistance power, power resistant to lodging are strong; Resistance to extreme temperature; Drought-resistant and barren-resistant soil layer; Hot-dry wind tolerance and radianting capacity are strong; Root system is little to roof erosion damage effect.
Roof greening generally use lawn, more by, shrub, liana, dungarunga is appreciated tree as orphan and can suitably intersperse, megaphanerophyte is seldom applied.Stonecrop, Manila, Bermuda grass etc. are selected in lawn.Window box oxalis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf etc. can be selected in ground.Shrub is selected plum blossom, Chinese rose, tree peony, flowering plum, pomegranate, Chinese littleleaf box etc.Liana can be with Chinese wistaria, reach the clouds, three leaf humid euphorbias, ivy, grape, the banksia rose, honeysuckle etc.
According to the carrying of building roof, roof greening can be divided into two kinds of light roof greening and heavy roof greenings:
(1) below building roof carrying 150kg/m2, be light roof greening, light roof greening water space height is controlled in 100mm, and concrete structure in detail as shown in Figure 1.Specifically by polyurethane water-proof layer 1, mortar cover 2, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers 3, roof planting supporting plastic module 4, water-permeable filter layer 5, filtration beds 6, hypothallus 7, water-permeable filter layer 8, plantation layer 9 and vegetable layer 10, overlap successively from bottom to up or be laid on above roof.
Wherein roof planting supporting plastic module 4 use projective table type stereoscopic plastic module individual layers are laid and to be formed, and water-permeable filter layer 5, filtration beds 6, hypothallus 7 are all arranged in the cavity of projective table type stereoscopic plastic module of individual layer.
(2) building roof carrying 350kg/m2 is heavy roof greening below, and heavy roof greening water space height is controlled in 200mm, and concrete structure in detail as shown in Figure 2.Specifically by polyurethane water-proof layer 1, mortar cover 2, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers 3, double-deck roof planting supporting plastic module 4, water-permeable filter layer 5, filtration beds 6, hypothallus 7, water-permeable filter layer 8, plantation layer 9 and the vegetable layer 10, overlap successively from bottom to up or be laid on above roof.
Wherein, roof planting supporting plastic module 4 is assemblied into two-layer structure by projective table type stereoscopic plastic module, and water-permeable filter layer 5, filtration beds 6, hypothallus 7 are all laid on the cavity of the projective table type stereoscopic plastic module that is positioned at upper strata.
In the present embodiment, building roof drainage system should rearrange according to roof greening pouring, if there is not rainfall the long period, should to roof greening, water by municipal moisturizing.Meanwhile, fertilising and dosing and irrigation system design simultaneously, so that roof greening is carried out automatically controlling and management.
Result of study shows, building room temperature in the summer ratio of having implemented roof greening does not have roof greening building average low 1.9 ℃, and winter, room temperature will exceed 2.1 ℃.And the moisture of Green Roof Plants transpiration is when absorbing amount of heat, can also absorb 70%~85% solar radiant heat, well alleviating urban heat island effect.In addition, roof greening on average can be held back 43.1% rainwater, not only can reduce Urban Storm Flood drainage pressure, can also reduce sewage load; Every square metre of garden type roof greening can also on average lay the dust 12.3 grams every year, and the simple-type roof greening annual mean amount of laying the dust also can reach 8.5 grams every square metre, can effectively avoid reentrainment of dust; Roof greening can also extend the building structure life-span, exposed roof surface year maximum temperature difference can reach 58.2 ℃, and the roof maximum temperature difference of having implemented greening can be contracted to 29.2 ℃, thereby delays building structure and roofing materials because of the caused ager process that expands with heat and contract with cold.
Above-described embodiment of the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any modification of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in claim protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a roof afforestation structure, is characterized in that: comprise polyurethane water-proof layer, mortar cover, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module, water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus, water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer and vegetable layer; Described polyurethane foam waterproofing course, mortar cover, two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module, water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus, water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer and vegetable layer overlap successively from bottom to up or are laid on above roof.
2. roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers consist of two layers of geotextiles therebetween one deck PE waterproof film; Described filtration beds adopts haydite or gravel to form, and water-permeable filter layer consists of geotextiles; Hypothallus by soil, haydite is native and fertilizer forms after mixing; Plantation layer is mixed by loam, peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, sawdust.
3. roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described roof planting supporting plastic module is that polypropylene plastics is made, combinable stereoscopic plastic module, described stereoscopic plastic module be shaped as projective table type and in band cavity, can be assemblied into sandwich construction.
4. roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described vegetable layer by lawn, by, shrub, liana, formed; Stonecrop, Manila, Bermuda grass are selected in described lawn; Selected window box oxalis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf describedly; Described shrub is selected plum blossom, Chinese rose, tree peony, flowering plum, pomegranate, Chinese littleleaf box; Described liana is selected Chinese wistaria, is reached the clouds, three leaf humid euphorbias, ivy, grape, the banksia rose, honeysuckle.
5. roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise light roof greening structure and heavy roof afforestation structure; Roof planting supporting plastic module in described light roof greening structure is laid and to be formed with projective table type stereoscopic plastic module individual layer, and described water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus are laid in the cavity of projective table type stereoscopic plastic module of individual layer successively from top to bottom; Roof planting supporting plastic module in described heavy roof afforestation structure is assemblied into upper and lower two-layer structure by projective table type stereoscopic plastic module, and described water-permeable filter layer, filtration beds, hypothallus are laid on the cavity of the projective table type stereoscopic plastic module that is positioned at upper strata successively from top to bottom.
6. a roof greening construction method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) existing building roofing is cleared up, cleaning content comprises floating ash, greasy dirt;
(2) existing building roofing is fixed with moistureproof and is processed, then spraying polyurethane waterproofing course, play waterproof and impermeable effect;
(3) on polyurethane water-proof layer, lay one deck mortar cover, play the protective effect of polyurethane water-proof layer;
(4) on mortar cover, lay the two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers that formed by two layers of geotextiles therebetween one deck PE waterproof film;
(5) on two cloth one film waterproof, seepage control layers, roof planting supporting plastic module is set; Described roof planting supporting plastic module is that polypropylene plastics is made, combinable stereoscopic plastic module, described stereoscopic plastic module be shaped as projective table type and in band cavity, can be assemblied into sandwich construction;
(6) in the cavity the inside of roof planting supporting plastic module, set gradually water-permeable filter layer, the filtration beds being formed by haydite or gravel and hypothallus;
(7) on hypothallus, lay successively water-permeable filter layer, plantation layer; Finally on plantation layer, vegetable layer is set.
7. roof greening construction method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the thickness 25-35mm of described polyurethane water-proof layer sprays 10mm, several times spraying at every turn.
8. roof greening construction method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the thickness 20mm of described mortar cover, and lay reinforced mesh.
9. roof greening construction method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described filtration beds adopts haydite or gravel to form, and described water-permeable filter layer consists of geotextiles; Described hypothallus by soil, haydite is native and fertilizer forms after mixing; Described plantation layer is mixed by loam, peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, sawdust.
10. roof greening construction method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described vegetable layer by lawn, by, shrub, liana, formed; Stonecrop, Manila, Bermuda grass are selected in described lawn; Selected window box oxalis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf describedly; Described shrub is selected plum blossom, Chinese rose, tree peony, flowering plum, pomegranate, Chinese littleleaf box; Described liana is selected Chinese wistaria, is reached the clouds, three leaf humid euphorbias, ivy, grape, the banksia rose, honeysuckle.
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CN104285703A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-21 | 大连润璟生态绿化科技股份有限公司 | Parthenocissus quinquefolia culturing box, greening system and quick greening method |
CN105569281A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-11 | 甘肃省建设投资(控股)集团总公司 | Ecological roof greening structure and construction method therefor |
CN105830774A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 薛德魁 | Environment-friendly ecological roof for sponge city construction |
CN105888146A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州市德威防水科技有限公司 | Waterproof and heat-insulation structure of planting top plate |
CN105888145A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州市德威防水科技有限公司 | Planting deck waterproof structure |
CN106342568A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-25 | 北京泰宁科创雨水利用技术股份有限公司 | Rainwater recycling system |
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CN105830774A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 薛德魁 | Environment-friendly ecological roof for sponge city construction |
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CN107119859A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-01 | 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of greening structure and method |
CN107896928A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-13 | 商煦 | Flowers and plants plantation module and preparation method thereof and plant wall |
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CN112753496A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-07 | 山东建筑大学 | Light roof greening planting method |
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