CN108360761B - Roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load-reduction water-saving root control - Google Patents
Roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load-reduction water-saving root control Download PDFInfo
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- CN108360761B CN108360761B CN201810081596.0A CN201810081596A CN108360761B CN 108360761 B CN108360761 B CN 108360761B CN 201810081596 A CN201810081596 A CN 201810081596A CN 108360761 B CN108360761 B CN 108360761B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 181
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/04—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like
- A01G27/06—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
- E04D13/0404—Drainage on the roof surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
- E04D13/0404—Drainage on the roof surface
- E04D2013/0495—Drainage on the roof surface to storage tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction water conservation and root control, which adopts a method of manufacturing a plurality of one-rice vegetable gardens which are adjacent to each other at intervals by using potted plants with special substrates to replace full-scale soil covering planting so as to reduce the weight, can also automatically control roots by using a basin bottom air isolation technology so as to avoid the problem that roots damage floors in the full-scale soil covering planting, and simultaneously adopts a method of combining sponge bricks on a roof, a rainwater collection film and a rainwater collection pipe on an outer wall in three modes according to the rainfall intensity to collect and utilize rainwater and simultaneously combines a drip irrigation-root irrigation technology to save water. The method can realize rational utilization of rainwater in roof planting so as to save water resources, and simultaneously avoid the problems that the full-scale earth covering of roof planting exceeds the load of the floor slab and the root system of earth covering planting damages the floor slab.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of roof planting in ecological buildings and sponge municipal industries, and particularly relates to a roof planting method for rainwater utilization, load reduction, water saving and root control.
Background
The roof planting not only can play the effects of cooling, insulating heat, beautifying the environment, purifying the air and improving local microclimate, but also can enrich the pitching landscape of the city, compensate the urban greening area occupied by the building, greatly improve the urban greening coverage rate, and is a roof form worth popularizing. The fourth generation of buildings which are gradually emerging at present require the vigorous development of roof and three-dimensional space planting technology, and related industry incentive policies and technical regulations and specifications are also specially formulated by the country.
The roof planting technology mainly faces several technical bottleneck problems at present, one is that a large amount of planting soil is needed for planting substrate layers with the thickness of dozens of centimeters in a full house, the substrate layers are difficult to carry to the roof, the load of the roof plate is easy to aggravate, and even if light soil is adopted, the upper limit of the load specified by the specification is easy to break through, so that most roofs cannot be implemented. And then the root system in the covering soil can damage the floor slab, so special technical measures such as a root-resisting layer and the like are needed, and the cost is difficult to control. In addition, the summer is difficult to maintain, the hot sun needs to be watered every day, but the evaporation capacity of the ground surface is far greater than the transpiration capacity of plants, so that great water resource waste is caused. These all result in the current roof planting and roof garden being too expensive to deploy.
The rainfall is not fully collected and utilized at present, and the rainfall is discharged one by one, which causes great roof water resource waste. Under the global warming large environment, the heat island effect and the rain island effect of summer cities are more and more remarkable. If can fully collect the rainfall on roof and utilize in the roof planting, not only can reduce the absorptive a large amount of solar radiation heat in roof to reduce the air conditioner and use, can also utilize the roof vegetation of the city large tracts of land and facility retaining to slow down the aggravation effect of rainfall to the urban waterlogging, play the effect of heat absorption and sponge that absorbs water, cooperate the heat tide of present sponge urban construction, build the city of sponge in the air, this is to the sponge urban engineering transformation of old residential area more significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load-reducing water-saving root control, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, so that rainwater is reasonably utilized in roof planting to save water resources, and meanwhile, the problems that full-scale earth covering of roof planting exceeds the load of a floor slab and the root system of earth covering planting damages the floor slab are solved.
The idea of the invention is as follows: the method for manufacturing a plurality of rice vegetable gardens which are adjacent to each other at intervals by using potted plants with special substrates replaces full-scale soil covering planting to reduce weight, and can also automatically control roots by using an air isolation technology so as to avoid the problem that roots damage floors in the full-scale soil covering planting, and simultaneously combines rainwater collection and utilization and a combined drip irrigation-root irrigation technology to save water.
Based on the above thought, the invention provides a roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction water conservation root control, wherein a plurality of planting units and sidewalks which are distributed at intervals are arranged in the roof space according to rectangular division, potted vegetables or potted flower seedlings are arranged in the planting units in an array mode, the bottom of each potted plant is isolated from the roof ground by a cushion block to form an air root-blocking layer at a certain interval, so that the root is automatically controlled by using an air isolation root-blocking technology, the potted plants are arranged in a row in the direction parallel to the sidewalks, if holes are easily formed in the bottom side of a potted plant container, a water storage pipe penetrating through the planting units is arranged between every two rows of potted plants; if the bottom side of the pot culture container is not suitable for being provided with the hole, arranging a water storage pipe in a gap between the bottom of each row of pot culture and the ground of the roof; building a reservoir for storing rainwater on the roof, arranging a water delivery pipe communicated with the reservoir vertically to the direction of the water storage pipes right above the arranged water storage pipes, and respectively arranging a water dripping hole and a water receiving hole which are in butt joint on the water delivery pipe and the positions corresponding to the water storage pipes so that water in the water delivery pipe drips into the water storage pipes; arranging water suction holes in positions, corresponding to the potted plants, on the water storage pipes, inserting one ends of the water suction belts into the water suction holes, and placing the other ends of the water suction belts into the potted plant planting substrates close to the water storage pipes to realize water supply; and arranging a rainwater collecting facility communicated with the reservoir on the roof, and adding the collected rainwater into the reservoir.
according to the technical scheme, the rainwater collection facility is arranged in three ways according to the rainfall intensity: the building roof sponge brick, the rainwater collecting membrane and the rainwater collecting pipe on the outer wall.
the roof sponge brick is characterized in that sponge blocks, sponge bricks or bagged sawdust for absorbing rainfall are paved on a sidewalk, and a grid for collecting and placing the sponge bricks for squeezing water after rainfall is arranged above a reservoir. After rainfall, each sponge brick or bagged sawdust can be stacked on a bamboo raft grid at the top of the reservoir, and the top surface of the bamboo raft grid is ballasted to extrude and flow rainwater into the reservoir for storage.
The rainwater collecting film is characterized in that an iron wire or a cross rod is pulled along the potted plant direction in a certain height space right above each planting unit, and the rainwater collecting film is erected or fixed on the top of a parapet wall. When rainfall needs to be collected or the thermal insulation shed is made, plastic films are directly put on the iron wires, edges on two sides of the films are fixed at the edges of the planting units to form rainwater collecting films, and rainwater collecting grooves are formed in the roof ground at the bottom of the rainwater collecting films and converge collected rainwater to collect a reservoir. Plastic films are also used as insulation in winter, in which case it is preferable to use double-layer spaced films.
The rainwater collecting pipe on the outer wall is characterized in that a rainwater collecting pipeline system is arranged on the outer wall of the building and the parapet wall and comprises a rainwater guide pipe and a plurality of rainwater collecting pipes, wherein the rainwater guide pipe is communicated with the building downpipe and used for shunting water in the building downpipe. A plurality of rainwater collecting pipes are wound by ropes to form a rope ladder, the rope ladder is hung along the outer wall of a building and a parapet wall, one rainwater collecting pipe located on the highest range is located below the rainwater guide pipe to collect rainwater from the rainwater guide pipe, the tail ends of every two adjacent rainwater collecting pipes are communicated by hoses with plugs at two ends, so that a flow path of the rainwater in the whole rope ladder is S-shaped, the upper layer of collecting pipe on the outer wall is full of rainwater, and the rainwater automatically flows down to the next layer until each water collecting pipe is full of rainwater. Further optimize, set up the bracket or the angle steel of fixing on the outer wall in the rope ladder that many rainwater collecting tubes formed the below to support the rope ladder, and pull two fixed vertical ropes from roof parapet to bracket and paste the wall constraint with the rope ladder, pull two fixed slant ropes that are certain angle with the rope ladder from roof parapet to the rope ladder left and right sides, restrict the rope ladder along vertical and side direction. A windlass and a pulley can be arranged on the roof on the inner side of the parapet wall and used for pulling a rope to lift a water storage pipe on the outer wall to the roof.
In the technical scheme of the invention, in seasons with less rainwater or sunny days, a water replenishing faucet communicated with a tap water pipe network and used for replenishing water in a reservoir can be arranged on the roof, the water level of the reservoir is ensured, and the water evaporated and lost by plant transpiration and the surface layer of the potted plant is kept to be not more than the amount of the drip absorbed in the water storage plastic pipe, so that the potted plant is water-saving and breathable, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the root system is anoxic due to too fast evaporation or too damp of the water of the potted plant caused by traditional direct surface drip irrigation is avoided.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the water suction holes are arranged between every two potted plants on two sides of the water storage pipe under the condition that the water storage pipe is arranged between every two rows of potted plants, one end of each of the two water suction belts is simultaneously inserted into the water suction holes, and the other end of each of the two water suction belts is respectively implanted into the planting substrate of the potted plants from the lower side part of the potted plant. For the condition that the water storage pipe is arranged in the space below the potted plant, a water suction hole is formed corresponding to the center of the bottom of each potted plant, one end of a water suction belt is inserted into the water suction hole, and the other end of the water suction belt is implanted into a planting substrate of the potted plant from the bottom of the potted plant.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the water storage pipes can be arranged at the bottom of the soil layer of the turf, the water storage pipes are provided with water suction holes every 10-15 cm, one ends of two water suction belts are simultaneously inserted into the water suction holes, and the other ends of the two water suction belts are respectively paved in the soil layer at the bottom of the turf.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the width of the planting unit is further optimized to be 1-1.5m, so that people can stretch hands from two sides and can pick the rice, and the rice is commonly called a rice vegetable garden.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the outer layer of the planting matrix of the potted plant is a loose and breathable material layer, the interior of the planting matrix is loose soil for disinfection and deinsectization, and the surface layer is a argillization hardening layer.
The special substrate in the potted plant is loose soil with disinfection and deinsectization inside, and the outer shell layer is a breathable light material formed by loose materials such as straw fiber, sawdust or waste sponge blocks and the like, so that the root system grows in a cylindrical shape instead of a cluster cone shape. Because the invention does not rely on the pores of the compact substrate to transmit capillary water, but mainly utilizes the water absorption belt as the capillary tube to transmit the capillary water from the water storage plastic tube to the substrate and the root system, the outer shell layer material which is easy to absorb water can not generate heat due to moisture like drip irrigation or watering on the top of the container pot, and the water transmitted by the water absorption belt is mainly supplied to loosening soil on the inner layer. Due to the special structure, the outer shell layer and the inner layer of the matrix are both loose and breathable and are in an unsaturated state, so that the reasonable spatial distribution of the development and growth of the root system can be ensured, and the loose matrix and the root system can be organically combined unlike a plant root system cluster type taper growth mode in the traditional flowerpot matrix.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the air isolation root blocking technology is that a potted plant is directly placed on a roof, a cushion block is utilized to ensure that a certain gap exists between the bottom of a container for the potted plant and a roof bottom plate, the air root blocking technology is utilized to limit a root system in the container instead of planting plants in covering soil of the roof so that the root system is pricked into concrete in a dark world, and thus, a roof floor slab is prevented from being damaged by the root system.
In the roof planting mode of potted vegetables or flower seedlings, the movable potted plants are combined with special substrates to be directly used as a vegetation layer and a substrate layer, the shape change in a walking mode can be realized, the content and the pattern of roof planting can be changed at any time, and even blocking rods can be combined to be arranged row by row on a sloping roof.
The invention is based on the funding of the project on the national science foundation of the research (No: 51579167).
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The method realizes the collection and utilization of roof rainwater, collects rainfall through a plurality of horizontal rainwater collecting pipes of the roof sponge bricks and the outer wall body, combines plastic film water collection and water storage of a water pool, is favorable for building an aerial sponge city, and solves the problems of urban heat islands and rain islands.
2. In the method, compared with the traditional film-covered drip irrigation technology, the closed drip irrigation-root irrigation combined system replaces a long drip irrigation system with a short water absorption belt, does not need to consume power cost, can efficiently supply root moisture and air while saving water, and can reduce the expense of mulching film cost. Compared with the method of directly placing the potted plant in the thin-layer water storage pool type rice vegetable garden, the technology utilizes the water storage pipe to replace the thin-layer water storage pool, thereby greatly reducing the evaporation waste of water resources, and also avoiding the problem that the potted plant is directly seated in the thin-layer water storage pool to cause the overlarge humidity of the potted plant matrix, so that the matrix is always in an unsaturated state.
3. In the method, potted vegetables or flower seedlings are used as a vegetation layer and a matrix layer, the air isolation technology is directly utilized to automatically control roots, the water collection and saving technology is combined, a filter layer, a water drainage and storage plate layer, a root isolation layer, a waterproof layer and the like required by the conventional roof planting are omitted, the material cost and the labor cost are saved, the roof load is reduced, the application range of different roofs is greatly expanded, the human living environment is improved, and residents can be helped to enrich through the sale of the potted vegetables and the flower seedlings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of the roof planting arrangement of the present invention (with the reservoir pipes located between each row of potted plants);
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the roof planting system of the present invention (with the reservoir pipes located under each row of potted plants);
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view II-II of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the water pipe, the water storage pipe and the water reservoir;
FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a partial side view of a schematic of a rain collecting membrane or holding shelter arrangement;
FIG. 8 is an overall side view of a schematic of a rain collecting membrane or holding shelter arrangement;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the rainwater collection piping system in the plane of the outer wall;
Fig. 10 is a side view of fig. 9.
in the figure, 1-potted vegetable or flower nursery stock, 2-water absorption belt, 3-water absorption holes on water storage plastic pipe, 4-sponge block on sidewalk or flat bagged sawdust, 5-water storage pipe, 6-potted bottom cushion block, 7-water delivery pipe, 8-water storage tank, 9-water dropping holes on water delivery pipe, 10-downpipe on outer wall of building, 11-rainwater collection pipe on outer wall, 12-angle steel or bracket support, 13-vertical and diagonal ropes, 14-iron wire or cross bar, 15-plastic film, 16-non-woven fabric for holding sponge block, 17-water-blocking sponge block in downpipe, 18-plug, 19-hose, 20-roof rainwater collection tank, 21-outer wall, 22-parapet wall, 23-air root-blocking layer, 24-windlass and pulley on roof and 25-rain conduit.
Detailed Description
the method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots of the roof planting method is further explained by the specific implementation mode.
Example 1
A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots comprises the steps that a plurality of planting units and sidewalks which are distributed at intervals are arranged in a roof space according to rectangular division, potted vegetables or potted flower seedlings 1 are arranged in the planting units in an array mode, a cushion block is arranged at the bottom of each pot plant to enable a certain gap to be kept between the bottom of the pot plant and the roof ground, the pot plants are arranged in a row in the direction parallel to the sidewalks, a water storage pipe 5 penetrating through the planting units is arranged between every two rows of pot plants, a water storage tank 8 used for storing rainwater is built on the roof, a water conveying pipe 7 communicated with the water storage tank is arranged vertically above the same tail end of the arranged water storage pipe, and water dripping holes 9 and water receiving holes are formed in the positions, corresponding to the tail ends of the water storage pipe, of the water conveying pipe; water suction holes 3 are formed in every two potted plants on the water storage pipe corresponding to the two sides of the water storage pipe, one ends of the two water suction belts are simultaneously inserted into the water suction holes, and the other ends of the two water suction belts are respectively implanted into planting matrixes of the potted plants from the lower side parts of the potted plants. The outer loose ventilative material layer that is of planting matrix cultivated in a pot, inside is the loosening soil of disinfecting the deinsectization, and the top layer is the argillization sclerosis layer.
Rainwater collection measure 1: sponge bricks 4 for absorbing rainfall are laid on the sidewalk, and a grid for collecting and placing the sponge bricks after rainfall is arranged above the reservoir.
rainwater collection measure 2: in the certain height space directly over every planting unit, draw iron wire 14 and be fixed in the parapet along potted plant row direction, take plastic film 15 on the iron wire, both sides edge is fixed in planting unit edge, forms the rainwater and collects the membrane to roof ground setting and the rainwater collecting vat of cistern intercommunication in its bottom. The plastic film can also be used as a thermal insulation shed in winter.
Rainwater collection measure 3: set up rainwater collection pipe-line system on the wall outside the building, include and communicate with building pipe in the water 10, the rainwater pipe 25 and many rainwater collecting pipes 11 of the water in the reposition of redundant personnel building pipe in the water, many rainwater collecting pipes connect into the rope winding and become the rope ladder, the rope hangs along the building outer wall for the rope, and a rainwater collecting pipe that is located the highest journey is located rainwater pipe below, collect the rainwater that comes from the rainwater pipe, the terminal hose 19 UNICOM with both ends area stopper 18 of every two adjacent rainwater collecting pipes, make the flow path of rainwater in whole rope ladder be the S-shaped. In order to enable the rainwater conduit to smoothly shunt rainwater in the downpipe, a sponge block is arranged below the joint of the downpipe of the building and the rainwater conduit for blocking water in the downpipe to a certain degree, so that the rainwater in the downpipe is slowed down to flow downwards, and the rainwater conduit is favorably shunted and collected. In order to prevent the sponge block from falling, the sponge block can be held by a non-woven fabric bag. The bottom of the rope ladder formed by the rainwater collecting pipes is provided with a bracket 12 fixed on the outer wall for supporting the rope ladder, two vertical ropes 13 are fixed from the roof parapet to the bracket in a traction manner to bind the rope ladder close to the wall, two oblique ropes 13 forming a certain angle with the rope ladder are fixed from the roof parapet to the left side and the right side of the rope ladder in a traction manner, and the rope ladder is bound in the vertical direction and the lateral direction. A windlass and a pulley 24 are arranged on the inner side roof of the parapet wall and used for pulling a rope to lift a water storage pipe on the outer wall to the roof.
The roof is provided with a water replenishing faucet which is communicated with a tap water pipe network and is used for replenishing water into the water storage pipe in the season with less rainwater.
example 2
A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots comprises the steps that a plurality of planting units and sidewalks which are distributed at intervals are arranged in a roof space according to rectangular division, potted vegetable or potted flower seedlings 1 are arranged in the planting units in an array mode, a cushion block is arranged at the bottom of each pot plant, so that a certain gap is kept between the bottom of the pot plant and the roof ground, the pot plants are arranged in a row in the direction parallel to the sidewalks, or a space is reserved by arranging cushion blocks 6 below each row of pot plants, and water storage pipes penetrate through the row of pots for planting; a reservoir 8 for storing rainwater is built on the roof, a water delivery pipe 7 communicated with the reservoir is arranged vertically above the same tail ends of the arranged water storage pipes and is arranged perpendicular to the water storage pipes, and a water dripping hole 9 and a water receiving hole are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the tail ends of the water storage pipes, on the water delivery pipe, so that water in the water delivery pipe drips into the water storage pipes; a water suction hole is arranged corresponding to the center of the bottom of each pot plant, one end of the water suction belt is inserted into the water suction hole, and the other end of the water suction belt is planted into the planting substrate of the pot plant from the bottom of the pot plant. The outer loose ventilative material layer that is of planting matrix cultivated in a pot, inside is the loosening soil of disinfecting the deinsectization, and the top layer is the argillization sclerosis layer.
Rainwater collection measure 1: sponge bricks 4 for absorbing rainfall are laid on the sidewalk, and a grid for collecting and placing the sponge bricks after rainfall is arranged above the reservoir.
Rainwater collection measure 2: in the certain height space directly over every planting unit, draw iron wire 14 and be fixed in the parapet along potted plant row direction, take plastic film 15 on the iron wire, both sides edge is fixed in planting unit edge, forms the rainwater and collects the membrane to roof ground setting and the rainwater collecting vat of cistern intercommunication in its bottom. The plastic film can also be used as a thermal insulation shed in winter.
Rainwater collection measure 3: set up rainwater collection pipe-line system on the wall outside the building, include and communicate with building pipe in the water 10, the rainwater pipe 25 and many rainwater collecting pipes 11 of the water in the reposition of redundant personnel building pipe in the water, many rainwater collecting pipes connect into the rope winding and become the rope ladder, the rope hangs along the building outer wall for the rope, and a rainwater collecting pipe that is located the highest journey is located rainwater pipe below, collect the rainwater that comes from the rainwater pipe, the terminal hose 19 UNICOM with both ends area stopper 18 of every two adjacent rainwater collecting pipes, make the flow path of rainwater in whole rope ladder be the S-shaped. In order to enable the rainwater guide pipe to smoothly shunt rainwater in the downpipe, a sponge block is arranged below the joint of the downpipe of the building and the rainwater guide pipe to block water in the downpipe to a certain degree, so that the rainwater in the downpipe is slowed down to flow downwards, and the rainwater guide pipe is favorable for shunting and collecting water in the rainwater guide pipe. In order to prevent the sponge block from falling, the sponge block can be held by a non-woven fabric bag. The bottom of the rope ladder formed by the rainwater collecting pipes is provided with a bracket 12 fixed on the outer wall for supporting the rope ladder, two vertical ropes 13 are fixed from the roof parapet to the bracket in a traction manner to bind the rope ladder close to the wall, two oblique ropes 13 forming a certain angle with the rope ladder are fixed from the roof parapet to the left side and the right side of the rope ladder in a traction manner, and the rope ladder is bound in the vertical direction and the lateral direction. A windlass and a pulley are arranged on the roof on the inner side of the parapet wall and used for pulling a rope to lift a water storage pipe on the outer wall to the roof.
The roof is provided with a water replenishing faucet which is communicated with a tap water pipe network and is used for replenishing water into the water storage pipe in the season with less rainwater.
Claims (10)
1. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots is characterized in that a plurality of planting units and sidewalks which are distributed at intervals are arranged in a roof space according to rectangular division, potted vegetables or potted flower seedlings (1) are arranged in the planting units in an array mode, a cushion block (6) is arranged at the bottom of each pot plant to enable the bottom of the pot plant and the roof ground to keep a certain distance to form an air root blocking layer (23), water storage pipes (5) penetrating through the planting units are arranged between every two rows of pot plants in a row in a direction parallel to the sidewalks, or water storage pipes are arranged between the bottom of each row of pot plants and the roof ground; a reservoir (8) for storing rainwater is built on the roof, a water delivery pipe (7) communicated with the reservoir is arranged vertically above the arranged water storage pipes, and a water dripping hole (9) and a water receiving hole which are butted with each other are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the water storage pipes, on the water delivery pipe, so that water in the water delivery pipe drips into the water storage pipes; the water storage pipe is provided with a water suction hole (3) corresponding to the position of the potted plant, one end of a water suction belt (2) is inserted into the water suction hole, the other end of the water suction belt is placed into the potted plant planting matrix near the water storage pipe, the water is supplied, a rainwater collecting facility communicated with the water storage tank is arranged on the roof, and the collected rainwater is added into the water storage tank.
2. The roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection facility is arranged by paving sponge bricks (4) for absorbing rainfall on a sidewalk and arranging a grid for collecting and placing sponge bricks for squeezing water after rainfall above a reservoir.
3. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater, reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection facility is arranged in a space with a certain height right above each planting unit, an iron wire or a cross bar (14) is drawn along the direction of the potted plant and fixed on the parapet, a plastic film (15) is lapped on the iron wire, two side edges are fixed at the edges of the planting units to form a rainwater collection film, and a rainwater collection tank (20) communicated with a reservoir is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collection facility.
4. the roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein a refill tap for refilling water into the reservoir is provided on the roof in communication with a tap water network.
5. The roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection facility is arranged by arranging a rainwater collection pipeline system on the outer wall of the building, and the rainwater collection pipeline system comprises a rainwater guide pipe (25) which is communicated with a building downpipe (10) and divides the water in the building downpipe and a plurality of rainwater collection pipes (11); a plurality of rainwater collecting pipes are wound by ropes to form a rope ladder, the rope ladder is hung along the outer wall of a building, one rainwater collecting pipe located on the highest range is located below the rainwater guide pipe to collect rainwater from the rainwater guide pipe, and the tail ends of every two adjacent rainwater collecting pipes are communicated by a hose (19) with plugs (18) at two ends, so that a flow path of the rainwater in the whole rope ladder is S-shaped.
6. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater, reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 5, characterized in that a bracket (12) fixed on an outer wall is arranged at the lowest part of a rope ladder formed by a plurality of rainwater collecting pipes for supporting the rope ladder, two vertical ropes (13) are fixedly pulled from a roof parapet to the bracket to bind the rope ladder to the wall, two inclined ropes (13) forming a certain angle with the rope ladder are fixedly pulled from the roof parapet to the left and right sides of the rope ladder to bind the rope ladder vertically and laterally.
7. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 5, characterized in that a windlass and pulleys (24) are arranged on the roof at the inner side of the parapet wall and used for pulling ropes to lift the water storage pipes on the outer wall to the roof.
8. The roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water conservation and root control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water storage pipe is arranged between each two rows of potted plants, the water suction holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the two potted plants at both sides of the water storage pipe, one end of each of the two water suction belts is simultaneously inserted into the water suction holes, and the other end of each of the two water suction belts is respectively planted into the planting substrate of the potted plants from the lower side part of the potted plants.
9. The roof planting method for utilizing rainwater, reducing load, saving water and controlling roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water storage pipe is arranged in a space below the potted plants, a water suction hole is formed corresponding to the center of the bottom of each potted plant, one end of the water suction belt is inserted into the water suction hole, and the other end of the water suction belt is planted in the planting substrate of the potted plant from the bottom of the potted plant.
10. The roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water conservation and root control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer layer of the planting substrate of the potted plant is a loose and air permeable material layer, the inner part is loose soil for disinfection and deinsectization, and the surface layer is a hardened layer of argillization.
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| CN108901469A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-30 | 天津大学 | A kind of community's road scaffolding system for vegetable growing |
| CN110214582B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-07-30 | 四川大学 | Facility for vertical greening of underground space and underground three-dimensional agriculture |
| CN110127206B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-08-21 | 新昌县捷庭科技有限公司 | Flower branch commodity circulation cold chain transport case is surely got to temperate zone rose |
| CN110583282B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2024-03-26 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Tree root system separator |
| CN111587697B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-04-08 | 北京森源达生态环境股份有限公司 | Intelligent roof garden system in northern area and construction method |
| CN115643935A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-31 | 杭州市建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological roof structure of green building |
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