CN108360761B - A roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water saving and root control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water saving and root control. The potted plants of special substrates are used to make a plurality of one-meter vegetable gardens separated by roads to replace the planting of the whole house covered with soil, so as to reduce the weight and reduce the weight. The air isolation technology at the bottom of the basin can be used to automatically control the roots, so as to avoid the problem of root damage to the floor in the planting of the whole house. At the same time, according to the intensity of rainfall, three methods are adopted to combine sponge bricks on the roof-rainwater collection membrane-rainwater collection pipes on the outer wall The method is to collect and utilize rainwater, and at the same time combine drip irrigation-root irrigation technology to save water. The invention can realize the rational use of rainwater in roof planting to save water resources, and at the same time avoid the problems that the roof planting full of soil exceeds the floor load and the root system of the soil-covered planting damages the floor.

Description

A roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water saving and root control

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of roof planting of ecological buildings and sponge city municipal industries, and in particular relates to a roof planting method for rainwater utilization, load reduction, water saving and root control.

Background technique

Roof planting can not only cool down and insulate the environment, beautify the environment, purify the air, and improve the local microclimate, but also enrich the city's pitched landscape, compensate for the urban green area occupied by buildings, and greatly increase the city's green coverage. It is a roof form worthy of vigorous promotion. The fourth-generation architecture that is gradually emerging requires the vigorous development of roof and three-dimensional space planting technologies. The state has also specially formulated relevant industry incentive policies and technical regulations and specifications.

Roof planting technology currently faces several major technical bottlenecks. One is that planting a substrate layer tens of centimeters thick requires a large amount of planting soil, which is difficult to transport to the roof, and it is easy to increase the load on the roof slab, even if light soil is used. Breaking through the upper limit of the load specified by the code makes most roofs unfeasible. Furthermore, the root system in the covering soil will damage the floor slab, so special technical measures such as root-blocking layer are required, which makes it difficult to control the cost. In addition, maintenance is difficult in summer, and hot sun and high temperature require watering every day, but the surface evaporation is far greater than the transpiration of plants, resulting in a great waste of water resources. All of these have led to the high cost of roof planting and roof gardens and it is difficult to promote them.

The rainfall has not yet been fully collected and utilized, and one rainfall is discharged one by one, which also causes a lot of waste of roof water resources. Under the environment of global warming, the urban heat island effect and rain island effect in summer are becoming more and more significant. If the rainfall on the roof can be fully collected and used for roof planting, it will not only reduce the large amount of solar radiation heat absorbed by the roof to reduce the use of air conditioners, but also use the large area of roof vegetation and water storage facilities in the city to slow down the intensification of rainfall on urban waterlogging It plays the role of a heat-absorbing and water-absorbing sponge. In line with the current upsurge of sponge city construction, the construction of a sponge city in the sky is of greater significance to the sponge city engineering transformation of old residential areas.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water saving, water saving and root control, so as to realize the rational utilization of rainwater in roof planting to save water resources, and at the same time prevent the roof planting from being full of soil beyond the load of the floor And cover soil planting root damage floor problem.

The idea of the present invention is to use potted plants with special substrates to make a plurality of one-meter vegetable gardens separated by roads to replace the planting of the whole house covered with soil, so as to reduce the weight, and the air isolation technology can also be used to automatically control the roots, so as to avoid the full house covered with soil The problem of root system damage to the floor during planting, combined with rainwater collection and utilization and combined drip irrigation-root irrigation technology to save water.

Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides a roof planting method for rainwater utilization, load reduction, water saving, and root control. In the roof space, a number of planting units and sidewalks are arranged at intervals, and potted vegetables or vegetables are arranged in arrays in the planting units. For potted flower seedlings, the bottom of each potted plant is isolated from the roof and the ground to form a certain distance to form an air-blocking root layer, so that the roots can be automatically controlled by using the air-isolated root-blocking technology, and the row is parallel to the sidewalk. It is easy to open holes, and a water storage pipe that runs through the planting unit is arranged between every two rows of potted plants; if the bottom side of the potted plant container is not suitable for opening holes, then a water storage pipe is arranged in the gap between the bottom of each row of potted plants and the ground on the roof ; Build a storage tank for storing rainwater on the roof of the building, arrange a water delivery pipe connected to the storage tank directly above the arranged storage pipe and perpendicular to the direction of the storage pipe, and place a corresponding position on the water delivery pipe with the storage pipe The drip hole and the water receiving hole are separately set up on the top, so that the water in the water delivery pipe drips into the water storage pipe; the water suction hole is set on the position corresponding to the potted plant on the water storage pipe, and one end of the water absorption belt is inserted into the water suction hole, and the other end is inserted into the water storage pipe. Water supply is realized in the potted planting substrate near the water storage pipe; a rainwater collection facility connected to the reservoir is installed on the roof, and the collected rainwater is added to the reservoir.

In the technical solution of the present invention, rainwater collection facilities are arranged in three ways according to the rainfall intensity: sponge bricks on the roof-rainwater collection film-rainwater collection pipes on the outer wall.

The sponge brick on the roof is specifically, laying sponge blocks, sponge bricks or bagged sawdust to absorb rainfall on the sidewalk, and setting a grid above the reservoir for collecting and placing the sponge brick to squeeze water after rainfall. After the rainfall, each piece of sponge brick or bagged sawdust can be stacked and placed on the bamboo raft grille on the top of the reservoir, and the top surface is ballasted to squeeze the rainwater out to the reservoir for storage.

Specifically, the rainwater collection film is a certain height space directly above each planting unit, pulling iron wires or crossbars along the direction of the potted plants, and erecting or fixing them on the top of the parapet. When it is necessary to collect rainfall or make a heat preservation shed, the plastic film is directly placed on the iron wire, and the edges of both sides of the film are fixed on the edge of the planting unit to form a rainwater collection film, and a rainwater collection tank is set on the roof of the bottom of the building to collect water. The rainwater is collected into the cistern. Plastic film is also used as an insulation shed in winter, and it is best to use a double-layer spaced film at this time.

The rainwater collection pipe on the outer wall is specifically, the rainwater collection pipeline system is arranged on the outer wall of the building and the parapet wall, including a rainwater conduit and a plurality of rainwater collection pipes that communicate with the building downspout and divert the water in the downspout of the building. A plurality of rainwater collection pipes are wound and connected with ropes to form a soft ladder, and the soft ladder is hung along the exterior wall and parapet wall of the building with ropes, and a rainwater collection pipe on the highest elevation is located under the rainwater conduit to collect rainwater from the rainwater conduit. The ends of the two rainwater collection pipes are connected by hoses with plugs at both ends, so that the flow path of rainwater in the overall ladder is S-shaped. The rainwater on the upper collection pipe on the outer wall is full and automatically flows down to the next floor until each collection pipe The water pipes are filled with rainwater. For further optimization, a bracket or angle steel fixed on the outer wall is set at the bottom of the ladder formed by multiple rainwater collection pipes to support the ladder, and two vertical ropes are drawn and fixed from the parapet on the roof to the bracket to attach the ladder to the bracket. Wall restraint, from the parapet on the roof to the left and right sides of the ladder, draw and fix two oblique ropes at a certain angle to the ladder, and restrain the ladder vertically and laterally. A potter's wheel and a pulley can be set on the roof inside the parapet wall to pull the rope to lift the water storage pipe on the outer wall to the roof.

In the technical solution of the present invention, in seasons with less rain or on sunny days, a water supply faucet connected to the tap water pipe network and used to replenish water in the reservoir can be installed on the roof of the building to ensure the water level of the pool and keep the plant transpiration and the surface of the potted plant. The water lost by evaporation is not greater than the amount of drip water absorbed in the water storage plastic pipe, so as to make the potted plants water-saving and breathable, and at the same time avoid the traditional direct surface drip irrigation, which will cause the potted plants to evaporate too quickly or be too humid, which will cause the root system to lack oxygen.

In the technical solution of the present invention, further optimized, for the case where the water storage pipe is arranged between every two rows of potted plants, the water absorption holes are arranged between every two potted plants on both sides of the water storage pipe, and one end of the two water absorption belts Simultaneously, the water absorption holes are inserted, and the other ends are respectively implanted into the planting matrix of the potted plants from the lower side of the potted plants. For the situation that the water storage pipe is arranged in the space below the potted plants, a water-absorbing hole is provided at the center of each potted plant, one end of the water-absorbing tape is inserted into the water-absorbing hole, and the other end is implanted in the planting substrate of the potted plant from the bottom of the potted plant.

In the technical solution of the present invention, further optimized, for directly laying turf or planting vegetables, the thickness of the soil layer is not large, and the roof that is not afraid of grass roots damaging the floor, the water storage pipe can be arranged at the bottom of the turf soil layer, and the water storage pipe Set water-absorbing holes every 10-15 cm on the top, insert one end of two water-absorbing tapes into the water-absorbing holes at the same time, and lay the other ends in the soil layer at the bottom of the turf respectively.

In the technical solution of the present invention, further optimized, the width of the planting unit is 1-1.5m, so that people can reach and pick from both sides, commonly known as a one-meter vegetable garden.

In the technical solution of the present invention, further optimized, the outer layer of the potted planting substrate is a loose and breathable material layer, the inner layer is loose soil for disinfection and deworming, and the surface layer is a muddy hardened layer.

The special substrate in the potted plant refers to the air-permeable lightweight material formed by loose soil for disinfection and deworming inside, and the outer shell layer is loose materials such as straw fibers, sawdust, or waste sponge blocks, so that the roots are not clustered and cone-shaped. It is cylindrical growth. Since the invention does not rely on the pores of the dense substrate to transmit capillary water, but mainly uses the water-absorbing belt as a capillary to transmit water from the water storage plastic tube to the substrate and root system, so these water-absorbing shell materials will not be like drip irrigation on the top of the container bowl. Or watering will cause humidity and heat, and the moisture transferred by the water-absorbing belt is mainly supplied to the loose soil in the inner layer. This special structure can ensure the reasonable spatial distribution of root development and growth due to the loose and air-permeable state of the outer shell layer and the inner layer matrix, instead of the clustered cone-shaped growth mode of plant roots in the traditional flowerpot matrix, which can make the loose matrix Organically combined with the root system.

In the technical solution of the present invention, the technology of air isolation and root blocking refers to placing the potted plants directly on the roof, and using pads to ensure that there is a certain gap between the bottom of the potting container and the floor of the roof, and using air to block the roots to limit the root system inside the container. Instead of planting the plants in the covering soil of the roof, the roots will penetrate into the concrete in the dark world, so as to prevent the roots from damaging the roof slab.

In the so-called roof planting mode of potted vegetables or flower seedlings, mobile potted plants are combined with special substrates directly as the vegetation layer and substrate layer, which can realize step-by-step transformation, and can change the content and pattern of roof planting at any time, even on sloping roofs. Row by row combined with barrier bar arrangement.

The present invention is based on the funding of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 51579167).

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The method of the present invention realizes roof rainwater collection and utilization, collects rainfall through the multi-channel horizontal rainwater collection pipes of roof sponge bricks and outer walls, and combines plastic film water collection and pool water storage, which is conducive to realizing the construction of aerial sponges. city, solving the problems of urban heat island and rain island.

2. In the method of the present invention, compared with the traditional film-covered drip irrigation technology, the closed drip irrigation-root irrigation combined system replaces the long drip irrigation system with a short water-absorbing belt, which does not need to consume power and can save energy. Water can efficiently supply root moisture and air at the same time, and it can also reduce the cost of plastic film. Compared with the method of directly placing potted plants in a one-meter vegetable garden with thin-layer reservoirs, this technology uses water storage pipes instead of thin-layer reservoirs, which also greatly reduces the evaporation and waste of water resources, and avoids potted plants sitting directly The thin-layer reservoir causes the problem of excessive humidity of the potting substrate, which keeps the substrate in an unsaturated state.

3. In the method of the present invention, the potted vegetables or flower seedlings are used as the vegetation layer and the substrate layer, and the air isolation technology is used to automatically control the roots, and the combined water collection and water saving technology saves the filter layer and drainage required for conventional roof planting. The water storage board layer, the root layer and the waterproof layer, etc., not only save the material cost and labor cost, but also reduce the load on the roof, greatly broaden the scope of application of different roofs, improve the living environment, and help residents through potted vegetables and Get rich by selling flower seedlings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the roof planting scheme one of the present invention (the water storage pipe is positioned between every two rows of potted plants);

Fig. 2 is the I-I sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the plan view of roof planting scheme two of the present invention (the water storage pipe is positioned at the situation below every row of potted plants);

Fig. 4 is the II-II sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the plane layout drawing of water delivery pipe, water storage pipe and reservoir;

Figure 6 is a side view of Figure 5;

Fig. 7 is a partial side view showing the layout of the rain collection film or the thermal insulation shed;

Fig. 8 is a schematic overall side view of the layout of the rainfall collection film or the insulation shed;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the rainwater collection pipeline system in the plane of the outer wall;

FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9 .

In the figure, 1- potted vegetables or flower seedlings, 2- water-absorbing belt, 3- water-absorbing holes on the water storage plastic pipe, 4- sponge block or flat bagged sawdust on the sidewalk, 5- water storage pipe, 6- potted plants Bottom block, 7-water pipe, 8-reservoir, 9-drip hole on the water pipe, 10-downspout on the outer wall of the building, 11-rainwater collection pipe on the outer wall, 12-angle steel or bracket Support, 13-vertical and oblique stay rope, 14-iron wire or horizontal bar, 15-plastic film, 16-non-woven fabric for the sponge block, 17-water-blocking sponge block in the downpipe, 18-plug, 19-soft Pipe, 20-roof rainwater collection tank, 21-outer wall, 22-parapet wall, 23-air resistance root layer, 24-roof pulley and pulley, 25-rainwater conduit.

Detailed ways

The roof planting method for rainwater utilization, load reduction, water saving, and root control of the present invention will be further described below through specific implementation methods.

Example 1

A roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water saving, and root control, in which a number of planting units and sidewalks spaced apart from each other are arranged in the roof space according to rectangles, and potted vegetables or potted flower seedlings 1 are arranged in arrays in the planting units, each The bottom of the potted plants is provided with pads to keep a certain gap between the bottom of the potted plants and the ground on the roof, and the rows are parallel to the sidewalk, and the water storage pipes 5 that run through the planting units are arranged between every two rows of potted plants, and are built on the roof to accumulate rainwater. The water storage tank 8 of the well-arranged water storage pipe is arranged perpendicular to the water storage pipe 7 connected to the water storage tank directly above the same end of the water storage pipe, and the drip hole 9 is respectively set on the water delivery pipe and the corresponding position at the end of the water storage pipe and the water receiving hole to ensure that there is water continuously dripping into the water storage pipe; on the water storage pipe, two potted plants corresponding to the two sides of the water storage pipe are provided with water absorption holes 3, and one end of the two water absorption belts is inserted into the water absorption hole at the same time. The other ends are respectively implanted into the planting matrix of the potted plant from the lower side of the potted plant. The outer layer of the planting substrate of the potted plant is a loose air-permeable material layer, the inner layer is loose soil for disinfection and deworming, and the surface layer is a muddy hardened layer.

Rainwater collection measure 1: Lay sponge bricks 4 for absorbing rainfall on the sidewalk, and set a grille for collecting and placing sponge bricks after rainfall on the top of the reservoir.

Rainwater collection measure 2: in a certain height space directly above each planting unit, pull the iron wire 14 along the row of potted plants and fix it on the parapet, put the plastic film 15 on the iron wire, and fix the edges on both sides to the edge of the planting unit to form The rainwater collection membrane is provided with a rainwater collection tank connected to the reservoir on the roof floor at the bottom. The plastic film can also be used as a thermal insulation shed in winter.

Rainwater collection measure 3: set the rainwater collection pipeline system on the outer wall of the building, including the rainwater conduit 25 that communicates with the building downpipe 10, diverts the water in the building downpipe and multiple rainwater collection pipes 11, and the multiple rainwater collection pipes are used The ropes are wound and connected to form a soft ladder. The soft ladder is hung along the outer wall of the building with ropes, and a rainwater collection pipe on the highest elevation is located under the rainwater conduit to collect rainwater from the rainwater conduit. Two adjacent rainwater collection pipe ends are connected with two The hose 19 with plug 18 at the end communicates, so that the flow path of rainwater in the overall soft ladder is S-shaped. In order to enable the rainwater conduit to smoothly divert the rainwater in the downpipe, a sponge block is placed under the connection (joint) between the downspout and the rainwater conduit of the building to block the water to a certain extent, which is used to slow down the downflow of rainwater in the downpipe, which is beneficial Diverts catchment water into storm sewers. In order to prevent the sponge block from falling, it can be wrapped with non-woven fabric. A bracket 12 fixed on the outer wall is set at the bottom of the ladder formed by a plurality of rainwater collection pipes to support the ladder, and two vertical ropes 13 are drawn and fixed from the parapet on the roof to the bracket to bind the ladder against the wall. Top parapet draws and fixes two oblique ropes 13 that are at a certain angle with the ladder to the left and right sides of the ladder, and the ladder is bound vertically and laterally. A potter's wheel and a pulley 24 are arranged on the inner roof of the parapet wall, and are used for traction ropes to promote the water storage pipe on the outer wall to the roof.

The top of the building is connected with the tap water pipe network, which is used to replenish water to the water storage pipe in the season when there is little rain.

Example 2

A roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water saving, and root control, in which a number of planting units and sidewalks spaced apart from each other are arranged in the roof space according to rectangles, and potted vegetables or potted flower seedlings 1 are arranged in arrays in the planting units, each Set pads at the bottom of the potted plants to keep a certain gap between the bottom of the potted plants and the ground on the roof, and make a row parallel to the sidewalk, or arrange pads 6 under each row of potted plants to reserve space for the water storage pipe to pass through and arrange in this row Under the potted plant; Build the reservoir 8 that is used to accumulate rainwater on the roof, arrange the water delivery pipe 7 that is connected with the storage reservoir perpendicular to the storage pipe arrangement directly above the same end of the arranged storage pipe, and on the water delivery pipe and Drip holes 9 and water receiving holes are respectively provided at the corresponding positions of the ends of the water storage pipes, so that the water in the water delivery pipes drips into the water storage pipes; corresponding to the bottom center of each potted plant, a water absorption hole is opened, and one end of the water absorption belt is inserted into the water absorption hole, and the other end is inserted into the water absorption hole. Insert from the bottom of the pot into the planting medium of the pot. The outer layer of the planting substrate of the potted plant is a loose air-permeable material layer, the inner layer is loose soil for disinfection and deworming, and the surface layer is a muddy hardened layer.

Rainwater collection measure 1: Lay sponge bricks 4 for absorbing rainfall on the sidewalk, and set a grille for collecting and placing sponge bricks after rainfall on the top of the reservoir.

Rainwater collection measure 2: in a certain height space directly above each planting unit, pull the iron wire 14 along the row of potted plants and fix it on the parapet, put the plastic film 15 on the iron wire, and fix the edges on both sides to the edge of the planting unit to form The rainwater collection membrane is provided with a rainwater collection tank connected to the reservoir on the roof floor at the bottom. The plastic film can also be used as a thermal insulation shed in winter.

Rainwater collection measure 3: set the rainwater collection pipeline system on the outer wall of the building, including the rainwater conduit 25 that communicates with the building downpipe 10, diverts the water in the building downpipe and multiple rainwater collection pipes 11, and the multiple rainwater collection pipes are used The ropes are wound and connected to form a soft ladder. The soft ladder is hung along the outer wall of the building with ropes, and a rainwater collection pipe on the highest elevation is located under the rainwater conduit to collect rainwater from the rainwater conduit. Two adjacent rainwater collection pipe ends are connected with two The hose 19 with plug 18 at the end communicates, so that the flow path of rainwater in the overall soft ladder is S-shaped. In order to enable the rainwater conduit to smoothly divert the rainwater in the downpipe, a sponge block is placed under the connection between the downspout and the rainwater conduit of the building to block the water to a certain extent, which is used to slow down the rainwater in the downpipe. Central diversion catchment. In order to prevent the sponge block from falling, it can be wrapped with non-woven fabric. A bracket 12 fixed on the outer wall is set at the bottom of the ladder formed by a plurality of rainwater collection pipes to support the ladder, and two vertical ropes 13 are drawn and fixed from the parapet on the roof to the bracket to bind the ladder against the wall. Top parapet draws and fixes two oblique ropes 13 that are at a certain angle with the ladder to the left and right sides of the ladder, and the ladder is bound vertically and laterally. A potter's wheel and a pulley are set on the roof inside the parapet wall to pull the rope to lift the water storage pipe on the outer wall to the roof.

The top of the building is connected with the tap water pipe network, which is used to replenish water to the water storage pipe in the season when there is little rain.

Claims (10)

1. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots is characterized in that a plurality of planting units and sidewalks which are distributed at intervals are arranged in a roof space according to rectangular division, potted vegetables or potted flower seedlings (1) are arranged in the planting units in an array mode, a cushion block (6) is arranged at the bottom of each pot plant to enable the bottom of the pot plant and the roof ground to keep a certain distance to form an air root blocking layer (23), water storage pipes (5) penetrating through the planting units are arranged between every two rows of pot plants in a row in a direction parallel to the sidewalks, or water storage pipes are arranged between the bottom of each row of pot plants and the roof ground; a reservoir (8) for storing rainwater is built on the roof, a water delivery pipe (7) communicated with the reservoir is arranged vertically above the arranged water storage pipes, and a water dripping hole (9) and a water receiving hole which are butted with each other are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the water storage pipes, on the water delivery pipe, so that water in the water delivery pipe drips into the water storage pipes; the water storage pipe is provided with a water suction hole (3) corresponding to the position of the potted plant, one end of a water suction belt (2) is inserted into the water suction hole, the other end of the water suction belt is placed into the potted plant planting matrix near the water storage pipe, the water is supplied, a rainwater collecting facility communicated with the water storage tank is arranged on the roof, and the collected rainwater is added into the water storage tank.

2. The roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection facility is arranged by paving sponge bricks (4) for absorbing rainfall on a sidewalk and arranging a grid for collecting and placing sponge bricks for squeezing water after rainfall above a reservoir.

3. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater, reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection facility is arranged in a space with a certain height right above each planting unit, an iron wire or a cross bar (14) is drawn along the direction of the potted plant and fixed on the parapet, a plastic film (15) is lapped on the iron wire, two side edges are fixed at the edges of the planting units to form a rainwater collection film, and a rainwater collection tank (20) communicated with a reservoir is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collection facility.

4. the roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein a refill tap for refilling water into the reservoir is provided on the roof in communication with a tap water network.

5. The roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection facility is arranged by arranging a rainwater collection pipeline system on the outer wall of the building, and the rainwater collection pipeline system comprises a rainwater guide pipe (25) which is communicated with a building downpipe (10) and divides the water in the building downpipe and a plurality of rainwater collection pipes (11); a plurality of rainwater collecting pipes are wound by ropes to form a rope ladder, the rope ladder is hung along the outer wall of a building, one rainwater collecting pipe located on the highest range is located below the rainwater guide pipe to collect rainwater from the rainwater guide pipe, and the tail ends of every two adjacent rainwater collecting pipes are communicated by a hose (19) with plugs (18) at two ends, so that a flow path of the rainwater in the whole rope ladder is S-shaped.

6. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater, reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 5, characterized in that a bracket (12) fixed on an outer wall is arranged at the lowest part of a rope ladder formed by a plurality of rainwater collecting pipes for supporting the rope ladder, two vertical ropes (13) are fixedly pulled from a roof parapet to the bracket to bind the rope ladder to the wall, two inclined ropes (13) forming a certain angle with the rope ladder are fixedly pulled from the roof parapet to the left and right sides of the rope ladder to bind the rope ladder vertically and laterally.

7. A roof planting method for utilizing rainwater and reducing load, saving water and controlling roots according to claim 5, characterized in that a windlass and pulleys (24) are arranged on the roof at the inner side of the parapet wall and used for pulling ropes to lift the water storage pipes on the outer wall to the roof.

8. The roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water conservation and root control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water storage pipe is arranged between each two rows of potted plants, the water suction holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the two potted plants at both sides of the water storage pipe, one end of each of the two water suction belts is simultaneously inserted into the water suction holes, and the other end of each of the two water suction belts is respectively planted into the planting substrate of the potted plants from the lower side part of the potted plants.

9. The roof planting method for utilizing rainwater, reducing load, saving water and controlling roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water storage pipe is arranged in a space below the potted plants, a water suction hole is formed corresponding to the center of the bottom of each potted plant, one end of the water suction belt is inserted into the water suction hole, and the other end of the water suction belt is planted in the planting substrate of the potted plant from the bottom of the potted plant.

10. The roof planting method for rainwater utilization and load reduction, water conservation and root control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer layer of the planting substrate of the potted plant is a loose and air permeable material layer, the inner part is loose soil for disinfection and deinsectization, and the surface layer is a hardened layer of argillization.