Background technology
In recent years, the development of China's cultivation technique without soil rapidly.In soilless culture, crop relies on nutritive medium completely to provide nutrient needed for plant growth and moisture.In process of crop growth, whether each dietary element meets the requirement of each Different growth phases, depends on nutrient solution prescription and concentration.
Nutritive medium is the key problem that soilless culture is produced.In vegetable soilless culture, nutritive medium must have the various nutritive elements maintained needed for the growth of its normal growth.Under the prior art, nutritive medium only can provide the most basic nutritional needs for the vegetables of soilless culture, and the quality of vegetables can not get powerful guarantee, especially in continuous cropping, and vegetable insect disease resistivity, thus affect vegetable yields and quality, reduce vegetable grower's economic benefit.
For above problem, the invention provides a kind of vegetable soilless-culture nutrient solution, it not only provides the macroelement needed for vegetable growth, also possesses
Summary of the invention
For above problem, the invention provides a kind of vegetable soilless-culture nutrient solution, its trace element macroelement needed for vegetable growth being provided and promoting each Nutrient Absorption, the demand of each nutritive element of the whole breeding cycle of vegetable soilless culture can not only be met, improve the yield and quality of vegetables, strengthen vegetables autoimmunity simultaneously, reduce disease and pest incidence, reduce Pesticide use amount, cost-saving synergistic.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of vegetable soilless-culture nutrient solution, is made up of macroelement, trace element and water, and macroelement is raw materials used is the market fertilizer of each element, is potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, urea, nitrocalcite, saltpetre and ammonium nitrate; Trace element materials is that each element chemical analysis is pure, is EDTA, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, manganous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and ammonium molybdate.Above raw material is configured to mother liquor A, mother liquor B and mother solution C.
Described mother liquor A by weight, for adding following composition in every 1000kg water:
Potassium sulfate: 600g ~ 700g,
Primary ammonium phosphate: 90g ~ 120g,
Magnesium sulfate: 550g ~ 650g,
Urea: 150g ~ 250g,
Ammonium nitrate: 600g ~ 800g;
Described mother liquor B by weight, for adding following composition in every 1000kg water:
Nitrocalcite: 1200g ~ 1800g,
Saltpetre: 600g ~ 800g;
Described mother solution C by weight, for adding following composition in every 1kg water:
EDTA:13mg ~ 15mg and ferrous sulfate: 9mg ~ 11mg mixes generation chelated iron,
Zinc sulfate: 0.5mg ~ 0.6mg,
Boric acid: 2.5mg ~ 3.5mg,
Manganous sulfate: 1.5mg ~ 2.5mg,
Copper sulfate: 0.07mg ~ 0.09mg,
Ammonium molybdate: 0.01mg ~ 0.03mg.
Described mother liquor A, mother liquor B and mother solution C configure used in combination respectively, and method is: mother liquor A and mother solution C are mixed in proportion use, and mother liquor B and mother solution C are mixed in proportion use, and in cultivation, two kinds of mixed solutions are alternately used.Mother liquor A and mother liquor B can not be used in combination.
Described mother liquor A and mother solution C are by weight proportion for 5:1 mixes, and mother liquor B and mother solution C are by weight proportion for 5:1 mixes.
Can be used as vegetables fertilizer for spraying on leaf surface after described mother solution C dilution 1500 ~ 1800 times to use.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
The present invention realizes water-fertilizer integral in vegetable soilless culture, economize fertile, saving of labor, simple to operation, vegetable grower uses micro-nozzle band to realize, and containing the macroelement needed for vegetables and trace element in nutrient solution prescription, not only can meet needed for whole breeding time, simultaneously, trace element in formula can not only promote that vegetables are to the absorption of each nutritive element, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, and strengthens self resistibility, reduce disease and pest incidence, reduce Pesticide use amount, improve vegetable yields and quality, cost-saving synergistic.
Use after nutritive medium mother liquor configures respectively, physics present situation is stablized, and can place the long period by normal temperature, and avoids the phenomenons such as chemical reaction generation precipitation occur in nutritive medium dissolution process, improves fertilizer efficiency, adopts in dropper process and not easily block.Vegetables Foliar Spraying is can be used as after mother solution C dilution, simple.
Embodiment
Technical characterstic of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with example.
Each component is configured by the weight ratio shown in table 1,
The weight proportion of table 1 embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3
Note: the water configuring nutritive medium in embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 is local tap water, first EDTA and ferrous sulfate mixing to be generated in mother solution C configuration after chelated iron again with other raw material mixed configuration.Above-mentioned raw materials is mixed rear stand-by according to the regulation ratio of mother liquor A, mother liquor B, mother solution C.
Cultivated area wider tomato variety " red Baily " in Luliang County is adopted to carry out booth soilless culture test, cultivated area 1 mu, plant spacing in the rows 0.6m, line-spacing 0.3m.Adopt the vegetable nutrient liquid in above-mentioned 3 each embodiments to cultivate respectively, Homogeneous phase mixing 20kg mother solution C in 1000kg mother liquor A, Homogeneous phase mixing 20kg mother solution C in 1000kg mother liquor B, two kinds of mixed solutions are alternately used.Compare with the tomato nutrient liquid that local market generally uses, frequency of administration is identical.Test and plant in March, 2014.Test-results is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 and the testing data of controlled trial on tomato is used
|
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Controlled trial |
Plucking time (my god) |
88 |
88 |
83 |
95 |
Spraying pesticide number of times (same to concentration) |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
Output (kg) |
11685 |
11968 |
12357 |
5463 |
Water content (%) |
88 |
90 |
93 |
82 |
Production value (unit) |
21033 |
21542.4 |
22242.6 |
8194.5 |
As can be seen from Table 2, a kind of vegetable soilless-culture nutrient solution provided by the invention uses on tomato, can promote that tomato bears fruit 7-12 days in advance, reduce pesticide application number of times, reduce disease and pest incidence, improve tomato moisture content, output is improved, nutritive medium provided by the invention can make the color and luster of tomato, mouthfeel, the quality Oranoleptic indicators such as sugariness are more excellent, and tomato is more received by the market, its selling price is higher than local tomato selling price, improves the economic benefit of tomato.
Cultivated area wider cucumber variety " green Sheng " in Luliang County is adopted to carry out booth soilless culture test, cultivated area 1 mu, plant spacing in the rows 0.6m, line-spacing 0.3m.The vegetable nutrient liquid in above-mentioned 3 each embodiments is adopted to cultivate respectively, Homogeneous phase mixing 20kg mother solution C in 1000kg mother liquor A, Homogeneous phase mixing 20kg mother solution C in 1000kg mother liquor B, two kinds of mixed solutions are alternately used, compare with the tomato nutrient liquid that local market generally uses, frequency of administration is identical.Separately get mother solution C 1kg dilute 1500 times after as Foliar Spraying, spraying frequency is 10 days.Test and plant in March, 2014.Test-results is as shown in table 3.
Table 3 embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 and the testing data of controlled trial on cucumber is used