CN103947567A - Hog house structure with external fermentation bed and manufacturing method of padding layer for fermentation bed - Google Patents
Hog house structure with external fermentation bed and manufacturing method of padding layer for fermentation bed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hog house structure with an external fermentation bed and a manufacturing method of a padding layer for the fermentation bed. The hog house structure comprises a passage, a swine bed and a fermentation bed, wherein the passage and the swine bed are arranged indoor, the fermentation bed is arranged outdoor, the passage is arranged on the inner side of the swine bed, a hog house external wall is arranged on the outer side of the swine bed, the fermentation bed is arranged at the exterior of the exterior wall of the hog house and is parallel to the swine bed, a wall body sewage outlet is formed in the bottom of the exterior wall of the hog house, and the fermentation bed is communicated with the swine bed through the wall body sewage outlet; a padding layer is paved in the fermentation bed. The padding layer is formed through mixing, fermenting and paving saw dust chips, corn straws, bergmeal and an auxiliary leavening agent. According to the hog house structure, the fermentation bed and the swine bed are arranged in a separated way, the manufacturing method for components in the padding layer is changed, the cleanliness of the swine bed is effectively maintained, various germs affected by hogs due to the direct contact with a fermentation bed can be avoided, and the technical difficulty of mycetism of the hogs due to the fact that the hogs eat mycete-carried padding of the fermentation bed can be overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pig-breeding technical field, particularly the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed and the padding layer preparation method of fermentation bed.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly and the change of dietary structure of people's living standard in recent years; domestic consumer is keeping stable to the consumption of pork and is increasing fast; cause large scale of pig farm proportion to increase year by year; but find after deliberation, peasant household of China raises pattern scattered and still has over a period to come the necessity of existence.Therefore, need a kind of economy, healthy breeding way to help casual household to raise pigs.
Along with the development of pig industry, the discharge capacity of pig manure, urine is also increasing rapidly, and how to dispose in pig industry insoluble pig manure urine always, the pollution problem that especially a large amount of excretas of pig cause environmental ecology, and being one needs the problem solving in a hurry.
Biological fermentation bed cultural technique is to utilize brand-new natural agriculture concept, a kind of environmental protection, the safe and effective ecological cultivation method that propose in conjunction with modern microorganism fermentation process technology.Its Basic practice is to adopt specific probio, by certain formula, its raw material higher with the wood fibre such as straw, sawdust cellulose content are mixed, form organic bedding and padding, be laid in pig house by certain requirement, during this period the harmful substance such as the scatol in the excreta of pig can be by the microorganism digestion degraded in organic bedding and padding, absorb and utilize, reaching harmless treatment, improve the object of environment.After ageing bedding and padding trip out, through becoming thoroughly decomposed, form organic manure, just can directly be applied to farmland, realize bedding and padding agricultural circulationization and utilize.
And in current pig-breeding, fermentation bed cultivation is that live pig is directly put in a suitable place to breed on bedding and padding, but there is following defect in the method under the condition of Novel cultivation idea: be first fermentation bed heat production, be unfavorable for that used summer; Next is that live pig directly contacts fermentation bed, easily infects various germs; The bedding and padding that go mouldy besides can cause disease after being eaten by live pig arch; Sawdust proportion in conventional bedding and padding is higher, have high input, resource scarcity, is difficult for decomposing when rice husk compost, little to the nutritive value contribution of biological organic fertilizer; Fermenting bed padding is with the prolongation of service time, and content of beary metal can accumulate to some extent, the use safety of the fertilizer that impact is made.Therefore, fermentation bed need further improvement aspect pig-breeding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of fermentation bed external pig house structure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of padding layer preparation method for above-mentioned pig house structure fermentation bed.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the pig house structure that a kind of fermentation bed is external, comprise passageway, pig bed and fermentation bed, passageway and pig bed are located at indoor, fermentation bed is located at outdoor, pig bed inner side arranges passageway, pig bed arranged outside pig house exterior wall, and fermentation bed is located at pig house exterior wall outside and is be arranged in parallel with pig bed, pig house exterior wall bottom is provided with body of wall sewage draining exit, between fermentation bed and pig bed, is connected by body of wall sewage draining exit; In fermentation bed, be equipped with padding layer.
Taking the ground in passageway as datum water level, from passageway to the direction of pig house exterior wall, downward-sloping 5～10 ° of the ground of described pig bed.The setting at this angle of inclination, is convenient to pig urine and partial flushing pig house waste water (can supplement moisture in bedding and padding) and flows into fermentation bed, also facilitates when pig bed is cleaned pig manure is pushed out to fermentation bed.The body of wall sewage draining exit of pig house exterior wall bottom can adopt the through-hole structure isometric with pig bed, strengthens its discharge capacity, the convenient cleanliness factor that keeps pig bed.
The junction in described pig bed and passageway is provided with fence, and the pig bed top of fence inner side is provided with crib and tank.According to the actual conditions of pig house, crib and tank can be fixed on fence, also can be fixed on pig bed, and crib and tank are set up in parallel.By the isolation of fence, the pig bed in pig house can be divided into multiple swinerys region, facilitates pig-breeding management, and the pig bed of bottom, each swinery region communicates, and the fermentation bed outside pig bed also communicates.
Described fence comprises multiple reinforcing bars and two steel pipes, and each reinforcing bar parallel longitudinal distributes, and steel pipe transverse distributes, and each reinforcing bar two ends are fixedly connected with steel pipe respectively.Steel pipe plays fixation to each reinforcing bar.
Described fence height is 90cm, and the spacing between adjacent two reinforcing bars is 5cm, and bar diameter is 12mm.
Described fence is provided with a body, and door body width is 60cm, and door height is 80cm.The setting of door body can facilitate staff to pass in and out swinery.
Described fermentation bed is cell body formula structure (being underground structure), the length of fermentation bed and pig bed equal in length, and the width of fermentation bed is 2～3m, the degree of depth of fermentation bed is 90～120cm.
Described fermentation bed bottom is equipped with padding layer, and the thickness of padding layer is 60～80cm.
The top of described fermentation bed is also provided with bucker, can prevent that moisture from entering padding layer.In order to prevent that rainy day, rainwater poured in down a chimney, fermentation bed can upwards be built with brick high 25～40cm away from each side of pig house exterior wall from ground.
As a kind of preferred version, both sides, described passageway arrange respectively pig bed, and pig bed is symmetrically set in both sides, passageway, and the pig house exterior wall outside of each pig bed correspondence is provided with fermentation bed.
A kind of padding layer preparation method for above-mentioned pig house structure fermentation bed of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) each constitutive material of padding layer is mixed, in the mixture of formation, the mass content of moisture is 45%; Each constitutive material comprises saw dust, maize straw, diatomite and assisted fermentation agent;
(2), by mixture heap fermentation, when reaching 50～65 DEG C, the temperature in mixture middle level turns over amalgamation time;
(3), again by mixture heap fermentation, when the temperature in mixture middle level is down to 45 DEG C, mixture is laid in fermentation bed;
(4) after fermentation bed comes into operation, turn over weekly mixed padding layer once by turning over mixed machine, turning over the rake degree of depth is 20～30cm.
In described padding layer, the content of each constitutive material is as follows: the mass ratio of saw dust and maize straw is 2:8, adds mass fraction and be 5% diatomite on the basis of saw dust and maize straw gross mass; In saw dust, maize straw and the diatomaceous mixture of every cubic metre, add the assisted fermentation agent of 3.5kg.
Wherein, described maize straw comprises the stalk that crushing straw and length are 2～3cm, and wherein, the ratio between the stalk that crushing straw and length are 2～3cm is 2:6;
In the assisted fermentation agent of described 3.5kg, comprise the sugar of a kind of and 0.5kg in rice bran, corn flour, flour, ground rice, potato powder or the wheat bran of 3kg.
When the external pig house structure of this fermentation bed is used, its principle is: fermentation bed is separated to setting with pig bed, make pig urine and pig manure can discharge in time pig bed, effectively keep the cleanliness factor of pig bed; Meanwhile, live pig does not need directly to contact fermentation bed, can reduce courses of infection.In addition, padding layer component, proportioning and preparation method are improved, improved the damp and hot adjusting of padding layer self, be convenient to bedding and padding management, the activity of Zn and heavy metal Cu, Cd etc. in the biological organic fertilizer that has simultaneously suppressed to make after ageing bedding and padding become thoroughly decomposed, increases safety in utilization.
The present invention, with respect to prior art, has following beneficial effect:
The external pig house structure of this fermentation bed is to improve on the basis of traditional pig house structure, fermentation bed is separated to setting with pig bed, can effectively keep the cleanliness factor of pig bed, avoid live pig directly to contact fermentation bed and infected various germs, also having overcome that the live pig arch zone of eclipse has the fermenting bed padding of mould and the technical barrier of the pig mycetism that causes.In addition, fermentation bed is located to pig house outside, the dust that can solve fermentation bed kick up with summer house in the problem of high temperature, the bedding and padding independent reaction in fermentation bed, more economical to the processing mode of pig manure, economical, and can improve the resource utilization degree of ageing bedding and padding.
In this pig house structure, the padding layer of fermentation bed is by regulating the proportioning of each constitutive material and adding diatomite, and because diatomite has unique pore structure, body weight is light and soft, and porosity is large, and absorption property is strong, thereby has damping, deodorization functions; Diatomite can have inhibitory action to heavy metal, the heavy metal activity in the biological organic fertilizer that can suppress to make after ageing bedding and padding become thoroughly decomposed; It is neutral, nontoxic that diatomite pH value is, and impels digestion, and can, excreting after the bacterial adsorption of livestock and poultry intestines and stomach, build up health by livestock and poultry after being eaten, and plays strengthening the muscles and bones effect.To the improvement of each constitutive material proportioning and preparation method, can be effectively cost-saving, also do not affect the performance that the normal fermentation of fermenting bed padding should possess, and bedding and padding are easy to decompose.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the external pig house structure of this fermentation bed.
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to plan view.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
The pig house structure that a kind of fermentation bed of the present embodiment is external, as shown in Figure 1 or 2, comprise passageway 1, pig bed 2 and fermentation bed 3, passageway and pig bed are located at indoor, and fermentation bed is located at outdoor, and pig bed inner side arranges passageway, pig bed arranged outside pig house exterior wall 4, fermentation bed is located at pig house exterior wall outside and is be arranged in parallel with pig bed, and pig house exterior wall bottom is provided with body of wall sewage draining exit 5, between fermentation bed and pig bed, is connected by body of wall sewage draining exit; In fermentation bed, be equipped with padding layer.
Taking the ground in passageway as datum water level, from passageway to the direction of pig house exterior wall, downward-sloping 5～10 ° of the ground of pig bed (as the angle in Fig. 1 a).The setting at this angle of inclination, the waste water (supplementing the moisture in bedding and padding) that can be convenient to pig urine and partial flushing pig house flows into fermentation bed, also facilitates pig manure is pushed out to fermentation bed.The body of wall sewage draining exit of pig house exterior wall bottom can adopt the through-hole structure isometric with pig bed, strengthens its discharge capacity, the convenient cleanliness factor that keeps pig bed.
The junction in pig bed and passageway is provided with fence, and as shown in Figure 2, the pig bed top of fence inner side is provided with crib 7 and tank 6.According to the actual conditions of pig house, crib and tank can be fixed on fence, also can be fixed on pig bed, and crib and tank are set up in parallel.By the isolation of fence, the pig bed in pig house can be divided into multiple swinerys region, facilitates pig-breeding management, and the pig bed of bottom, each swinery region communicates, and the fermentation bed outside pig bed also communicates.
Fence comprises multiple reinforcing bars and two steel pipes, and each reinforcing bar parallel longitudinal distributes, and steel pipe transverse distributes, and each reinforcing bar two ends are fixedly connected with steel pipe respectively.Steel pipe plays fixation to each reinforcing bar.
Fence height is 90cm, and the spacing between adjacent two reinforcing bars is 5cm, and bar diameter is 12mm.
Fence is provided with a body, and door body width is 60cm, and door height is 80cm.The setting of door body can facilitate staff to pass in and out swinery.
As shown in Figure 1, fermentation bed is cell body formula structure (being underground structure), the length of fermentation bed and pig bed equal in length, and the width of fermentation bed is 2～3m, the degree of depth of fermentation bed is 90～120cm.
Fermentation bed bottom is equipped with padding layer, and the thickness of padding layer is 60～80cm.The top of fermentation bed is also provided with bucker 8, can prevent that moisture from entering padding layer.In order to prevent that rainy day, rainwater poured in down a chimney, fermentation bed can upwards be built with brick high 25～40cm away from each side of pig house exterior wall from ground.
As a kind of preferred version, both sides, passageway arrange respectively pig bed, and pig bed is symmetrically set in both sides, passageway, and the pig house exterior wall outside of each pig bed correspondence is provided with fermentation bed.
When the external pig house structure of this fermentation bed is used, its principle is: fermentation bed is separated to setting with pig bed, make pig urine and pig manure can discharge in time pig bed, effectively keep the cleanliness factor of pig bed; Meanwhile, live pig does not need directly to contact fermentation bed, can reduce courses of infection.
Test is found, the pig house structure that this fermentation bed is external, can overcome because fermentation bed heat production is unfavorable for using summer, live pig directly contacts the various germs of bedding and padding easy infection, live pig arch is eaten the bedding and padding that go mouldy and caused the problems such as disease, the recycling that also can improve ageing bedding and padding is worth the safety using with farmland.
Embodiment 2
A kind of padding layer preparation method for pig house structure fermentation bed described in embodiment 1 of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) each constitutive material of padding layer is mixed, in the mixture of formation, the mass content of moisture is 45%; Each constitutive material comprises saw dust, maize straw, diatomite and assisted fermentation agent;
(2), by mixture heap fermentation, when reaching 50～65 DEG C, the temperature in mixture middle level turns over amalgamation time (being generally about 3 days);
(3) again by mixture heap fermentation, when being down to 45 DEG C, the temperature in mixture middle level (is generally about 3 days), mixture is laid in fermentation bed;
(4) after fermentation bed comes into operation, turn over weekly mixed padding layer once by turning over mixed machine, turning over the rake degree of depth is 20～30cm.
In padding layer, the content of each constitutive material is as follows: the mass ratio of saw dust and maize straw is 2:8, adds mass fraction and be 5% diatomite on the basis of saw dust and maize straw gross mass; In saw dust, maize straw and the diatomaceous mixture of every cubic metre, add the assisted fermentation agent of 3.5kg.
Wherein, maize straw comprises the stalk that crushing straw and length are 2～3cm, and wherein, the ratio between the stalk that crushing straw and length are 2～3cm is 2:6;
In the assisted fermentation agent of 3.5kg, comprise the sugar of a kind of and 0.5kg in rice bran, corn flour, flour, ground rice, potato powder or the wheat bran of 3kg.
In the present embodiment, due to padding layer proportioning and preparation method are improved, improve the damp and hot adjusting of padding layer self, be convenient to bedding and padding management, the activity of Zn and heavy metal Cu, Cd etc. in the biological organic fertilizer that has simultaneously suppressed to make after ageing bedding and padding become thoroughly decomposed, increases safety in utilization.
Test is found, when the padding layer making by the present embodiment is used, can overcome because fermentation bed heat production is unfavorable for using summer, live pig directly contacts the various germs of bedding and padding easy infection, live pig arch is eaten the bedding and padding that go mouldy and caused the problems such as disease, the recycling that also can improve ageing bedding and padding is worth the safety using with farmland.
As mentioned above, just can realize preferably the present invention, above-described embodiment is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not used for limiting practical range of the present invention; Be that all equalizations of doing according to content of the present invention change and modify, all by the claims in the present invention scope required for protection is contained.
Claims (10)
1. the pig house structure that fermentation bed is external, it is characterized in that, comprise passageway, pig bed and fermentation bed, passageway and pig bed are located at indoor, and fermentation bed is located at outdoor, and pig bed inner side arranges passageway, pig bed arranged outside pig house exterior wall, fermentation bed is located at pig house exterior wall outside and is be arranged in parallel with pig bed, and pig house exterior wall bottom is provided with body of wall sewage draining exit, between fermentation bed and pig bed, is connected by body of wall sewage draining exit; In fermentation bed, be equipped with padding layer.
2. the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, taking the ground in passageway as datum water level, and from passageway to the direction of pig house exterior wall, downward-sloping 5～10 ° of the ground of described pig bed.
3. the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the junction in described pig bed and passageway is provided with fence, and the pig bed top of fence inner side is provided with crib and tank.
4. the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described fence comprises multiple reinforcing bars and two steel pipes, and each reinforcing bar parallel longitudinal distributes, and steel pipe transverse distributes, and each reinforcing bar two ends are fixedly connected with steel pipe respectively;
Described fence height is 90cm, and the spacing between adjacent two reinforcing bars is 5cm, and bar diameter is 12mm;
Described fence is provided with a body, and door body width is 60cm, and door height is 80cm.
5. the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fermentation bed is cell body formula structure, the length of fermentation bed and pig bed equal in length, and the width of fermentation bed is 2～3m, the degree of depth of fermentation bed is 90～120cm;
In fermentation bed, the thickness of padding layer is 60～80cm.
6. the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the top of described fermentation bed is provided with bucker.
7. the external pig house structure of a kind of fermentation bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, both sides, described passageway arrange respectively pig bed, and pig bed is symmetrically set in both sides, passageway, and the pig house exterior wall outside of each pig bed correspondence is provided with fermentation bed.
8. for the padding layer preparation method of pig house structure fermentation bed described in claim 1～7 any one, comprise the following steps:
(1) each constitutive material of padding layer is mixed, in the mixture of formation, the mass content of moisture is 45%; Each constitutive material comprises saw dust, maize straw, diatomite and assisted fermentation agent;
(2), by mixture heap fermentation, when reaching 50～65 DEG C, the temperature in mixture middle level turns over amalgamation time;
(3), again by mixture heap fermentation, when the temperature in mixture middle level is down to 45 DEG C, mixture is laid in fermentation bed;
(4) after fermentation bed comes into operation, turn over weekly mixed padding layer once by turning over mixed machine, turning over the rake degree of depth is 20～30cm.
9. the padding layer preparation method of fermentation bed according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, in described padding layer, the content of each constitutive material is as follows: the mass ratio of saw dust and maize straw is 2:8, adds mass fraction and be 5% diatomite on the basis of saw dust and maize straw gross mass; In saw dust, maize straw and the diatomaceous mixture of every cubic metre, add the assisted fermentation agent of 3.5kg.
10. the padding layer preparation method of fermentation bed according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described maize straw comprises the stalk that crushing straw and length are 2～3cm, and wherein, the ratio between the stalk that crushing straw and length are 2～3cm is 2:6;
In the assisted fermentation agent of described 3.5kg, comprise the sugar of a kind of and 0.5kg in rice bran, corn flour, flour, ground rice, potato powder or the wheat bran of 3kg.
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| CN104396778B (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | The pig house bedding and padding of a kind of novel raising food-intake and the preparation method of equalizing bed thereof |
| CN104304040A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Preparing method of novel and efficiently degrading pig house padding and padding bed of padding |
| CN104304044A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Preparing method of novel and high-nutrition pig house padding and padding bed of padding |
| CN104304046A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Preparing method of novel pig house padding capable of improving food intake amount and padding bed of padding |
| CN104335912A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-11 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Novel pig house pad materials with good economic benefits and preparation method of pig house pad bed |
| CN104335908A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-11 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Novel pig house pad materials capable of improving meat quality and preparation method of pig house pad bed made of novel pig house pad materials |
| CN104396778A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-03-11 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Novel pigsty bedding material improving food intake, and preparation method of bedding comprising bedding material |
| CN104221885A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2014-12-24 | 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 | Preparation method of novel hog house padding having food calling effect and bedding with novel hog house padding |
| CN104365490A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-25 | 覃能明 | Cleaning-free and washing-free method of pigpen |
| CN104365490B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-08-24 | 覃能明 | A kind of method that pigsty exempts to clean and rinse |
| CN105746366A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-13 | 湖南省流沙河花猪生态牧业股份有限公司 | Biological fermentation technology |
| CN105746366B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南省流沙河花猪生态牧业股份有限公司 | A kind of bio-fermentation process |
| CN106614086A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆市长寿区标杆养鸡股份合作社 | Chicken breeding fermentation bed with stirring function |
| CN106614086B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-06-07 | 重庆市长寿区标杆养鸡股份合作社 | Poultry fermentation bed with agitating function |
| CN107360982A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-21 | 于行峰 | A kind of method of the outer fermentation bed processing piggery waste of house |
| CN107573112A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 福建省农科农业发展有限公司 | The compound additive of dystopy fermentation bed treatment for cow manure ability is lifted under a kind of low temperature environment |
| CN110563491A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Straw ex-situ fermentation bed padding and fermentation bed system thereof |
| CN113403210A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-17 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Microbial environment modifier and microbial fermentation padding |
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