CN103947448B - A kind of raising Rubber seedling budling is sprouted and grows conforming method - Google Patents
A kind of raising Rubber seedling budling is sprouted and grows conforming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103947448B CN103947448B CN201410212185.2A CN201410212185A CN103947448B CN 103947448 B CN103947448 B CN 103947448B CN 201410212185 A CN201410212185 A CN 201410212185A CN 103947448 B CN103947448 B CN 103947448B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to and a kind of improve Rubber seedling budling and to sprout the conforming method of growth, be get sprout after the hevea seed seedling of 1 ~ 2 week carry out bud grafting, grow to when the second fluffy leaf is stablized until stock and carry out cutting top, before cutting top, execute liquid manure at root; Before sprouting after cutting top, keep cultivation matrix in container for plant growth moistening, execute liquid manure to budling root, until sprout, sprout Zhan Yehou, executes liquid manure in strong sprout at the root of budling, and foliage-spray glycine solution; After the fluffy leaf of scion first is stable, root executes liquid manure, the garden until the second fluffy leaf can be selected a good opportunity out after stablizing; Period carries out preventing disease and pest management.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, efficiency is high, by removal apical dominance with comfort pipe measure and combine, effectively solve budling and return withered, the irregular problem of growth of sprouting, promote that rubber budling is sprouted and grows uniformity, for follow-up growth management provides convenient, shorten the nursery production cycle, improve nursery production efficiency and improve seedling quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, relate to a kind of Rubber seedling budling and to sprout the method for growth, specifically a kind ofly improve Rubber seedling budling and to sprout the conforming method of growth.
Background technology
Rubber seedling budling is a kind of newer nursery stock type, bud grafting is carried out to the seed seedling sprouting latter 1 ~ 2 week, bud grafting survives rear removal apical dominance, impels bud sheet to extract out, and growing to 2 ~ 3 fluffy leaves can go out garden, there is growing-seedling period short, land utilization rate is high, convenient transportation, and root system is complete, grow vigorous, plant the features such as rear restoration ecosystem is fast.
After budling solution is tied up, impelling bud sheet to sprout in extraction, need retain the fluffy leaf of stock first two panels true leaf (blade can continue as bud sheet extract out after scion nutrient is provided, prevent scion from returning withered), at present, the method removing apical dominance has:
1) with mode bud pickings such as nail, pocket knife, bud picking pin and bud picking scuppits after pinching, these methods have certain limitation (general character is reservation first pair of true leaf, sprouts slow and irregular) separately, as used nail bud picking, easily make nail injured, bud picking is not thorough; With instrument bud pickings such as pocket knife, bud picking pin and bud picking scuppits, bud point be found accurately, the angle of exerting oneself and dynamics suitable, to experience and technical requirement high, otherwise need repeated multiple times bud picking, cost is high, inefficiency, sprouts irregular; In addition, repeatedly bud picking likely causes two panels true leaf to come off, and causes budling to sprout back withered, and then affects growth regularity and the outplanting rate of budling scion.
2) do not pinch, directly " folding anvil ", namely be solution is tied up the bud grafting seedling stem that rear bud sheet still lives, in 3 ~ 5 centimetres of eminences above budding panel, directly to pinch down with hand or after blade cuts a breach, stem is made to swing to the budding panel back side, the Origuchi degree of depth is about 2/5 ~ 1/2 of stem, and extract terminal bud and destroy its apical dominance, dry front end pillar brace of falling is flat sleeping, such blade still can proceed photosynthesis and have carbohydrate to supply the scion growth needs of new pumping, not enough to make up the nutrient that its budling root system and stem self stock.Its outstanding advantages is, folding anvil process, and the withered rate of returning of budling is not subject to the thick little restriction of stock stem, and other process, and the withered rate of returning of budling reduces along with the thick increase of stock stem.Its shortcoming be artificial hand or small saw blade folding anvil firmly the uneven degree of depth of rolling over anvil that causes differ, or roll over the inadequate stock of the degree of depth again length return, budder and do not take out; During folding, dynamics is too large, and stock is fractureed, and budder and extract out fast, and the nutrient deficiency that root system and stem self are stocked is returned withered gradually; Its common result be sprout slowly irregular or sprout return fast withered.
That more than impels mini-seedling budding budders in germination process, no matter take which kind of mode, all to experience and technical requirement high, when extensive nursery, labor cost certainly will be caused high, inefficiency, otherwise, easily cause budling not sprout, the consequence such as withered of sprouting slowly or sprout back, even if the sprouting of buddering of mini-seedling budding, also there will be the time of sprouting differs, grows irregular phenomenon, affects follow-up to comfort pipe measure, thus causes the low and Rubber seedling budling low quality of nursery outplanting rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide for the deficiencies in the prior art a kind of raising Rubber seedling budling to sprout and grow conforming method, easy and simple to handle, efficiency is high, can prevent from sprouting back withered, improve the uniformity of growth of sprouting, for follow-up growth management provides convenient, effectively improve budling sprout rate and outplanting rate.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention:
A kind of raising Rubber seedling budling is sprouted and grows conforming method, and its step is as follows:
1, budding and cut top: get hevea seed seedling and carry out bud grafting; survive rear solution to tie up; grow to when the second fluffy leaf is stablized until stock and carry out cutting top operation: cut off with the 0.5cm place inclination below stock first pair of true leaf of sharp scissors; gradient is 30 ~ 45 degree; inclined plane is contrary with the unilateral direction of bud; with protecting agent for tapped part, envelope is coated with to wound immediately after cutting top, reduces nutrient loss and moisture evaporation.Preparing first 15 days ~ 20 days that cut top, execute at the root of Rubber seedling and contain the liquid manure twice that fertile amount is 2%, in liquid manure, the mass ratio of N, P, K and Mg is N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5.
After sprouting, the hevea seed seedling of 1 ~ 2 week is generally that 20 ~ 35 DEG C of conditions can bud grafting in sunny calm, temperature, mainly be distributed in March ~ May and 9 ~ November, 25 ~ 30 days statistics survival rates after bud grafting, and solution is tied up, and solution is tied up rear stock and grown to when the second fluffy leaf is stablized and carry out cutting top operation.At the mini-seedling budding of bud grafting in 9 ~ November, then need to stay top to survive the winter, carry out solution when temperature goes back up to more than 15 DEG C and stablizes and tie up, carry out when temperature goes back up to more than 20 DEG C cutting top operation.
2, manage before sprouting: before sprouting after cutting top, keep cultivation matrix in container for plant growth moistening, execute filling root manure to budling root, every 5 days once, until sprout; Described filling root manure is containing KH in every premium on currency
2pO
40.1 ~ 0.2g, KNO
30.03 ~ 0.05g, Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.2 ~ 0.4g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.1 ~ 0.2g, FeSO
47H
2o 0.05 ~ 0.08g, EDTA2Na 0.08 ~ 0.2g, MnSO
44H
2o 0.02 ~ 0.03g, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.01 ~ 0.03g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.04 ~ 0.07g, (NH
4)
6mo
7o
244H
2o 0.01 ~ 0.04g, NAA 0.06 ~ 0.08g, pH 5.5 ~ 6.5, dilute 300 times during use.
3, after sprouting, strong sprout comforts pipe: sprout Zhan Yehou, executes liquid manure in strong sprout, once in a week at the root of budling; 10th ~ 15 days after having executed liquid manure, the glycine solution of foliage-spray 0.04g/L, once in a week; Erase the cotyledon bud of stock in time, reduce nutrient consumption; After the fluffy leaf of scion first is stable, root is executed and is contained the liquid manure that fertile amount is 2%, and in liquid manure, the mass ratio of N, P, K and Mg is N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5, once in a week, and the garden until the second fluffy leaf can be selected a good opportunity out after stablizing; Period carries out pest control management, the generation of routine observation damage by disease and insect, in time control (main disease has powdery mildew and anthracnose, and main insect pest has slug and coccid).Described strong sprout liquid manure be 2% containing fertile amount, and the mass ratio of N, P, K and Mg is N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5, dilutes 3 ~ 5 times during use.
The present invention is easy and simple to handle, efficiency is high, by removal apical dominance with comfort pipe measure and combine, can prevent from sprouting back withered, effectively solving the budling caused due to bud picking experience and technical deficiency at present returns withered, the problems such as growth of sprouting is irregular, promote that rubber budling is sprouted fast, time concentrates, improve growth uniformity of sprouting, be conducive to for follow-up growth management is taked consistent to comfort pipe measure, guarantee in Relatively centralized and the requirement reaching garden in the shorter time, shorten the nursery production cycle, improve outplanting rate, improve nursery production efficiency and improve seedling quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually conveniently condition, or according to the condition that manufacturer advises.
Embodiment one
Bud grafting in March, 2013 a collection of Rubber seedling budling (little cylinder seedling, heavily about 0.5kg), in June, 2013 (has in nursery greenhouse and to shelter from heat or light but without rainproof function, intensity of illumination is outdoor 50%) in choose the stable mini-seedling budding of the fluffy leaf of 360 strain stock two (its stock is dark green below the first fluffy leaf), wherein 180 strains are carried out routine needling bud picking and are left two panels true leaf, namely conventional method is adopted to carry out (contrast of sprouting, be labeled as CK), another 180 strains direct scissors in 0.5cm place below the first fluffy leaf is cut and is pushed up into polished rod, following the inventive method is adopted to cultivate scion growth (being labeled as A):
Cut top pre-treatment: preparing to cut first 20 days of top, mini-seedling budding root is executed containing fertile amount be 2% liquid manure (N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5) twice;
Cut top and wound to be coated with and to seal: solution to be grown to when the second fluffy leaf is stablized until stock after tying up and carried out cutting top: cut off with the 0.5cm place inclination below stock first pair of true leaf of sharp scissors, gradient is 30 ~ 45 degree, inclined plane is contrary with the unilateral direction of bud, with protecting agent for tapped part, envelope is coated with to wound immediately after cutting top, reduces nutrient loss and moisture evaporation;
Manage before sprouting: before sprouting after cutting top, keep matrix in nursery cylinder moistening, budling root is executed and fills with root manure (containing KH in every premium on currency
2pO
40.175g, KNO
30.037g, Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.400g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.144g, FeSO
47H
2o 0.076g, EDTA2Na 0.086g, MnSO
44H
2o0.022g, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.023g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.066g, (NH
4)
6mo
7o
244H
2o 0.037g, NAA 0.08g, pH 5.8, dilute 300 times during use), every 5 days are once, until sprout;
After sprouting, strong sprout comforts pipe: sprout Zhan Yehou, and root executes liquid manure (the same, N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5), dilutes 4 times, once in a week; The 15th day after having executed liquid manure, the glycine solution of foliage-spray 0.04g/L, once in a week; Erase the cotyledon bud of stock in time, reduce nutrient consumption; After the fluffy leaf of scion first is stable, root executes liquid manure (the same, N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5), once in a week, until the second fluffy leaf is stablized.Period carries out preventing disease and pest management, the generation of routine observation damage by disease and insect, in time control (main disease has powdery mildew and anthracnose, and main insect pest has slug and coccid).
When scion grow to the first fluffy leaf stablize time, measure indices, record data, result statistics in table 1:
Table 1 scion growth indexes
Above result shows, the mini-seedling budding of new bud grafting, adopts method provided by the present invention then, its cut the stock that pushes up into polished rod a series of comfort pipe under, normally can sprout and grow better, and bud sheet can be shortened widely sprout the time of sprouting, improve the uniformity sprouted and sprout, contribute to taking after sprouting consistent comforting pipe measure, guarantee that growth is consistent, thus reach the shortening nursery phase, go out garden fast, save soil and labour's recruitment.
Embodiment two
A collection of Rubber seedling budling (the bag seedling of bud grafting in October, 2012, heavily about 3kg), after staying top to survive the winter, in nursery (without sheltering from heat or light without rainproof function) outdoor, choosing the stable mini-seedling budding of the fluffy leaf of 60 strain stock three in May, 2013, (its stock is semi-lignified below the first fluffy leaf, i.e. half brown half dark green), wherein 20 strains are carried out routine needling bud picking and are left two panels true leaf, conventional method is adopted to carry out (contrast of sprouting, be labeled as CK), another 40 strains direct scissors in 0.5cm place below the first fluffy leaf is cut and is pushed up into polished rod, adopt following the inventive method to impel to sprout growth (being labeled as A):
Cut top pre-treatment: preparing to cut first 15 days of top, mini-seedling budding root is executed containing fertile amount be 2% liquid manure (N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5) twice;
Cut top and wound to be coated with and to seal: solution to be grown to when the 3rd fluffy leaf is stablized until stock after tying up and carried out cutting top: cut off with the 0.5cm place inclination below stock first pair of true leaf of sharp scissors, gradient is 30 ~ 45 degree, inclined plane is contrary with the unilateral direction of bud, with protecting agent for tapped part, envelope is coated with to wound immediately after cutting top, reduces nutrient loss and moisture evaporation;
Manage before sprouting: before sprouting after cutting top, keep ground moistening in Seedling bag, budling root is executed and fills with root manure (containing KH in every premium on currency
2pO
40.140g, KNO
30.042g, Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.328g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.159g, FeSO
47H
2o 0.062g, EDTA2Na 0.126g, MnSO
44H
2o0.025g, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.018g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.052g, (NH
4)
6mo
7o
244H
2o 0.016g, NAA 0.073g, pH 6.5, dilute 300 times during use), every 5 days are once, until sprout;
After sprouting, strong sprout comforts pipe: sprout Zhan Yehou, and root executes liquid manure (the same, N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5), dilutes 3 times, once in a week; The 13rd day after having executed liquid manure, the glycine solution of foliage-spray 0.04g/L, once in a week; Erase the cotyledon bud of stock in time, reduce nutrient consumption; After the fluffy leaf of scion first is stable, root executes liquid manure (the same, N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5), once in a week, until the second fluffy leaf is stablized.Period carries out preventing disease and pest management, the generation of routine observation damage by disease and insect, in time control (main disease has powdery mildew and anthracnose, and main insect pest has slug and coccid).
Scion grows to two fluffy leaves when stablizing, and measures indices, record data, and result statistics is in table 2:
Table 2 scion growth indexes
Above result shows, stay the mini-seedling budding that bud is survived the winter, adopt method provided by the present invention, its cut the stock that pushes up into polished rod a series of comfort pipe under, sprout and sprout fast and concentrate, sprout and sprout comparatively consistent, be convenient to take consistent comfort pipe measure, time two fluffy leaves (can garden be gone out) scion growing way with contrast quite, even slightly well.Cut top process and obviously can reduce bud picking recruitment, and the nursery phase can be shortened.
Embodiment three
Bud grafting in March, 2013 a collection of Rubber seedling budling (little cylinder seedling, heavily about 0.5kg) in, in nursery greenhouse, (have and shelter from heat or light without rainproof function) in June, 2013 mini-seedling budding leaving and taking 100 strain stock growing ways weak to be left intact, be only the liquid manure (N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5) twice of 2% in current growth Shi Hanfei in season amount; The direct scissors in 0.5cm place below the first fluffy leaf leaf scar was cut and was pushed up into polished rod in March, 2014, adopted following the inventive method to impel growth of sprouting:
Cut top pre-treatment: preparing to cut first 15 days of top, root execute containing fertile amount be 2% liquid manure (N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5) twice; Mini-seedling budding stock is lignification (brown) or semi-lignified (half brown half cyan) below the first fluffy leaf;
Cut top and wound painting envelope: carry out when temperature goes back up to more than 20 DEG C cutting top operation: cut off with the 0.5cm place inclination below stock first pair of true leaf leaf scar of sharp scissors, gradient is 30 ~ 45 degree, inclined plane is contrary with the unilateral direction of bud, with protecting agent for tapped part, envelope is coated with to wound immediately after cutting top, reduces nutrient loss and moisture evaporation;
Manage before sprouting: before sprouting after cutting top, keep ground moistening in Seedling bag, budling root is executed and fills with root manure (containing KH in every premium on currency
2pO
40.158g, KNO
30.046g, Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.279g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.187g, FeSO
47H
2o 0.059g, EDTA2Na 0.183g, MnSO
44H
2o0.027g, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.026g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.047g, (NH
4)
6mo
7o
244H
2o 0.025g, NAA 0.068g, pH 6.0, dilute 300 times during use), every 5 days are once, until sprout;
After sprouting, strong sprout comforts pipe: sprout Zhan Yehou, and root executes liquid manure (the same, N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5), dilutes 3 times, once in a week; The 15th day after having executed liquid manure, the glycine solution of foliage-spray 0.04g/L, once in a week; Erase the cotyledon bud of stock in time, reduce nutrient consumption.Period carries out preventing disease and pest management, the generation of routine observation damage by disease and insect, in time control (main disease has powdery mildew and anthracnose, and main insect pest has slug and coccid).
After 1 month scion grow to a fluffy leaf stablize, measure indices, record data, result statistics in table 3:
Table 3 scion growth indexes
It should be pointed out that the Rubber seedling budling in production, its stock is seedling from seed, and individual difference is large; The different parts of bud sheet source budling, or scale bud or take off the leaf bud of petiole, individual difference is also large, therefore, the inventive method can be impelled to budder and extracts out fast within the time period of Relatively centralized, does not return withered or to return withered rate low after sprouting, guarantee that growing to the 1st fluffy leaf stablizes, can take consistent to comfort pipe measure, thus the time of Relatively centralized grow to the 2nd fluffy leaf and more than, thus performance growth is consistent.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. raising Rubber seedling budling is sprouted and grows a conforming method, and it is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
1), budding and cut top: the hevea seed seedling getting after sprouting 1 ~ 2 week carries out bud grafting, after surviving, 25 ~ 30 days solutions are tied up, grow to when the second fluffy leaf is stablized until stock and carry out cutting top operation: cut off with the 0.5cm place inclination below stock first pair of true leaf of sharp scissors, gradient is 30 ~ 45 degree, inclined plane is contrary with the unilateral direction of bud, is coated with envelope immediately after cutting top with protecting agent for tapped part to wound; Preparing first 15 days ~ 20 days that cut top, execute at the root of Rubber seedling and contain the liquid manure twice that fertile amount is 2%, in liquid manure, the mass ratio of N, P, K and Mg is N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5;
2) management before, sprouting: before sprouting after cutting top, keep cultivation matrix in container for plant growth moistening, execute filling root manure to budling root, every 5 days once, until sprout; Described filling root manure is containing KH in every premium on currency
2pO
40.1 ~ 0.2g, KNO
30.03 ~ 0.05g, Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o0.2 ~ 0.4g, MgSO
47H
2o0.1 ~ 0.2g, FeSO
47H
2o0.05 ~ 0.08g, EDTA2Na0.08 ~ 0.2g, MnSO
44H
2o0.02 ~ 0.03g, ZnSO
47H
2o0.01 ~ 0.03g, CuSO
45H
2o0.04 ~ 0.07g, (NH
4)
6mo
7o
244H
2o0.01 ~ 0.04g, NAA0.06 ~ 0.08g, pH5.5 ~ 6.5, dilute 300 times during use;
3) after, sprouting, strong sprout comforts pipe: sprout Zhan Yehou, executes liquid manure in strong sprout, once in a week at the root of budling; 10th ~ 15 days after having executed liquid manure, the glycine solution of foliage-spray 0.04g/L, once in a week; Erase two sub-leaf buds of stock in time, reduce nutrient consumption; After the fluffy leaf of scion first is stable, root is executed and is contained the liquid manure that fertile amount is 2%, and in liquid manure, the mass ratio of N, P, K and Mg is N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5, once in a week, and the garden until the second fluffy leaf can be selected a good opportunity out after stablizing; Period carries out pest control management, and the generation of routine observation damage by disease and insect, prevents and treats in time; Described strong sprout liquid manure be 2% containing fertile amount, and the mass ratio of N, P, K and Mg is N:P:K:Mg=10:10:4:1.5, dilutes 3 ~ 5 times during use.
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| CN104351002A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-02-18 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Water and fertilizer management method for rubber tree container seedling |
| CN106489651B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2021-02-02 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Seedling culture method for rapidly culturing rubber tree seedlings |
| CN111386891B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-09-10 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Bud picking-free method for rubber tree seedling bud grafting stock seedlings |
| CN113229015B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-04-07 | 海南热作高科技研究院有限公司 | Rubber cultivation management method |
| CN114402826B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-04-07 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Simple and efficient seedling raising method for rubber tree seedling bud grafting seedlings |
| CN117598120A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-27 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for efficiently cultivating rubber tree seedling bud grafting seedlings |
| CN118318622A (en) * | 2024-05-17 | 2024-07-12 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for cultivating rubber tree stock seedlings by adopting seed axillary buds |
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| CN101120641B (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2011-08-10 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Seedling budding method for rubber tree minitype bud sticks |
| KR20090038507A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-21 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile polymer and method of preparing the same |
| CN102696390B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2013-10-23 | 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 | Method for promoting budding of seedling budlings of Brazil rubber trees |
| CN103548582B (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-11-26 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Rubber seedling bare-rooted bud grafting pile seedling culture method |
| CN103749177B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-10-28 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | A kind of Budding In Hevea seedling bud picking method |
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