CN104351002A - Water and fertilizer management method for rubber tree container seedling - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer management method for rubber tree container seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104351002A CN104351002A CN201410666113.5A CN201410666113A CN104351002A CN 104351002 A CN104351002 A CN 104351002A CN 201410666113 A CN201410666113 A CN 201410666113A CN 104351002 A CN104351002 A CN 104351002A
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- seedling
- container
- drip irrigation
- bamboo grows
- liquid manure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of forest tree seedlings, in particular to a water and fertilizer management method for a rubber tree container seedling. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing coco coir, farmland topsoil and farmyard manure as a cultivation substrate to be put into a seedling raising container; vertically placing the seedling raising container on a bracket, getting the bottom of the seedling raising container away from the ground, and transplanting the rubber tree seedling; irrigating the rubber tree seedling with clear water once through drip irrigation to keep the water mass fraction of the cultivation substrate above 80 percent; irrigating water and a fertilizer once every 2-15 days through drip irrigation, wherein the amount of the fertilizer applied for each plant is 30-60 ml of farmyard biogas slurry manure or 0.5-1 g of a compound fertilizer, and the nutrition supply of the plant is guaranteed until to out-planting of the rubber tree seedling. The method is suitable for cultivating full stands with complete developed root systems and longer main roots; the problems of more labor for seedling raising of the container seedling, waste of water and fertilizer, low planting survival rate and the like for a long time are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Forest Seedlings technical field of cultivation, the liquid manure especially relating to a kind of bamboo grows container seedling comforts pipe method.
Background technology
Bamboo grows container seedling (bagged seedlings, bag nursery, seed bag seedling, little cylinder seedling etc.) is the main field planting material that current plantation upgrades.Corresponding breeding method is that the nutritious bag filling up culture matrix is placed in ground, regularly carries out the daily managements such as trickle, fertilising, weeding, until go out garden when growing up to 2 paulin intact leaves paulin (stationary phase).Measure of pouring water mainly hand spray trickle or the sprinkling irrigation of this method, fertilizer management, manually to spread fertilizer over the fields urea, strain sealing fertilizer or to spray foliage fertilizer etc., easily causes the waste of liquid manure resource.Along with the minimizing of labour and the increase of labour cost, seedling cost certainly will be affected.Therefore, the automation of bamboo grows container seedling water and fertilizer management and precision imperative.
Summary of the invention
A kind of bamboo grows container seedling liquid manure of automatic precision is the object of the present invention is to provide to comfort pipe method.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling comforts a pipe method, comprises the following steps:
The first step, by coconut palm chaff, farmland table soil and barnyard manure according to volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, obtains compound as culture medium, for subsequent use; As preferably, the volume ratio of described coconut palm chaff, farmland table soil and barnyard manure is 1:1:0.3.
Second step, is placed on the container for plant growth of full for filling described culture medium on support, and makes to leave ground bottom described container for plant growth;
As preferably, in booth, height maintenance more than the 4cm on ground is left in the bottom of described container for plant growth, and described support is arranged in seedling raising greenhouse by wide-and narrow-row form.
3rd step, in the described culture medium of the little transplantation of seedlings of bamboo grows bud grafting survived in described container for plant growth;
4th step, to described bamboo grows seedling every morning drip irrigation clear water 1 time, makes the quality moisture content of described culture medium remain on more than 80%; Once, every strain fertilizing amount is 30-60ml farmers' natural pond liquid fertilizer or 0.5-1g composite fertilizer to every 2-15 days drip irrigation liquid manure, ensures that the nutrition supply of plant goes out garden to bamboo grows seedling.As preferably, the time of drip irrigation liquid manure is 20-60min.
Wherein, by drip irrigation appliance, liquid manure is carried out to bamboo grows container seedling and comforts pipe, described drip irrigation appliance comprises water feed apparatus, fertilizer inlet unit, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper are linked in sequence.The water feed apparatus that drip irrigation appliance of the present invention comprises, fertilizer inlet unit, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper all can obtain from commercial channels, and can dismounting at any time cleaning.
Wherein as preferably, before going out garden, first practice seedling: 2 ~ 5 days no longer trickles after disposable trickle to container bottom drips, treat that the nursery stock with complete post is taken out in Field planting by culture matrix conglomeration.The Routine Management such as carry out trickle after field planting, shade.
Wherein, described bamboo grows seedling is the seedling that survives of bud grafting or seedling.
Described container for plant growth is tubular container for plant growth, and up big and down small opening is arranged.
Wherein, as preferably, described container for plant growth and support are containers disclosed in Chinese patent (200920152897.4, a kind of Minitype rubber device used for breeding seedlings).
The experimental technique used in the present invention if no special instructions, is the method on the conventional meaning of a word.Material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Utilize the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling of the present invention to comfort pipe method, can cultivate 2 ~ 6 fluffy leaves or thick more than the 0.5cm of stem, the complete prosperity of root system, main root reach the full stand of more than 35cm.Problems such as being applicable to cultivate and requiring the longer full stand of complete flourishing root system, main root, solve that the recruitment of container seedling nursery is for a long time many, liquid manure waste, planting survival rates are low.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The rubber seedling used in the present embodiment grinds 7-33-97 mini-seedling budding for the heat that bud grafting survives.
The tubular container for plant growth that the container for plant growth used in the present embodiment is autonomous Design, it is 6cm that up big and down small opening arranges its upper inner diameter, is highly 35cm, and bottom inner diameter is 2cm.
By coconut palm chaff, farmland table soil and barnyard manure according to the volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing of 1:1:0.3 as culture medium.In booth, being vertically placed on respectively by the funnel-shaped container of full for filling above-mentioned culture matrix on support and making to leave ground more than 4cm bottom drum ladle, support is arranged in seedling raising greenhouse by wide-and narrow-row form.In the culture matrix of the bamboo grows budding transplantation of seedlings that bud grafting is survived in funnel-shaped container.Between fertilizer application period, every morning does not use the drip irrigation appliance of designed, designed to carry out drip irrigation clear water 1 time by water feed apparatus, filter, dropper, makes culture matrix in cup keep moist, makes the quality moisture content of culture matrix about remain more than 80%.Carry out liquid manure drip irrigation in the following manner: the farmers''s natural pond liquid fertilizer with table 1 during fertilising carries out liquid manure drip irrigation by water feed apparatus, fertilizer inlet unit, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper.Farmers''s natural pond liquid fertilizer (the liquid liquid manure of livestock and poultry manure's retting) directly regulates and controls dilution ratio by the hydraulic pressure of water feed apparatus and flow velocity in the process entering drip irrigation pipe, coutroi velocity makes its even drip irrigation within the predetermined drip irrigation time, keeps matrix in cup moist.Often process 60 young plants, repeat 3 times.
Before test, measure the basic value such as seedling growth amount, the total fertile amount i.e. effective content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium wherein measured, and make total fertilizer amount of same level process and total amount of pouring water basically identical.To each process every fluffy newly come into leaves fluffy stable time observational record data 1 time.Period is noted observing damage by disease and insect and carries out necessary prophylactico-therapeutic measures.Its processing mode sees the following form:
Table 1
Cultivate to grow up to 2 ~ 3 paulin intact leaves paulins and blade phenology is stationary phase time go out garden.First practice seedling 2 ~ 5d (disposable trickle to container bottom drip after 2 ~ 5 days no longer trickles) before going out garden, treat that the nursery stock with complete post is taken out in Field planting by culture matrix conglomeration.The Routine Management such as carry out trickle after field planting, shade.
The plant height of bamboo grows nursery stock and main root length adopt tape measure, thick and the main root rugosity of stem adopts electronic digital indicator measurement, weight of root system and root/shoot ratio adopt dries weighing method measurement, root system volume adopts drainage to measure, leaf nutrient adopts conventional method to measure, and namely ultraviolet spectrophotometer method measures N, P content, flame sectional light absorbance technique determining K content, atomic absorption spectroscopy determination Ca, Mg content.
Embodiment 2
The rubber seedling used in the present embodiment and container for plant growth are with embodiment 1.
By coconut palm chaff, farmland table soil and barnyard manure according to the volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing of 1:1:0.3 as culture medium.In booth, being vertically placed on respectively by the tubular container for plant growth of full for filling above-mentioned culture matrix on support and making container bottom leave ground more than 6cm, support is arranged in seedling raising greenhouse by wide-and narrow-row form.In the culture matrix of the bamboo grows budding transplantation of seedlings that bud grafting is survived in tubular container for plant growth.Between fertilizer application period, every morning does not use the drip irrigation appliance of designed, designed to carry out drip irrigation clear water 1 time by water feed apparatus, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper etc., makes culture matrix in cup keep moist, makes the quality moisture content of culture matrix about remain more than 80%.Carry out liquid manure drip irrigation in the following manner:
The drip irrigation appliance be linked in sequence by water feed apparatus, fertilizer inlet unit, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper with the conventional composite fertilizer of table 2 during fertilising carries out liquid manure drip irrigation.Conventional composite fertilizer in advance in fertilizer inlet unit dilution be Liquid Fertilizer, more directly regulate and control dilution ratio by the hydraulic pressure of water feed apparatus and flow velocity in the process entering drip irrigation pipe, coutroi velocity makes its even drip irrigation within the predetermined drip irrigation time, keeps matrix humidity in cup.Use potassium chloride type composite fertilizer of Norway in the present embodiment, N, P, K ratio is 16:16:16, and N, P and K total amount content is 48%.Final-period management, operation and data observation equivalent integers 1.Its processing mode sees the following form:
Table 2
Comparative example
The bamboo grows nursery stock that this comparative example uses, container for plant growth, culture medium, dropper device and process in early stage, management when not applying fertilizer are with embodiment 1.
Urge with the biology of table 3 drip irrigation appliance that root liquid is linked in sequence by water inlet, fertilizer inlet unit, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper during fertilising and carry out liquid manure drip irrigation.Biological short root liquid dilutes certain proportion in advance in fertilizer inlet unit, and directly by hydraulic pressure and the flow velocity regulation and control dilution ratio of water inlet in the process entering drip irrigation pipe, coutroi velocity makes its even drip irrigation within the predetermined drip irrigation time, keeps matrix in cup moist.Using the short root liquid of A Musi biology in this comparative example, is biopolymerization available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace element and humic acid etc.Final-period management, operation and data observation equivalent integers 1.Its processing mode sees the following form:
Table 3
Cultivate to grow up to 2 paulin intact leaves paulins and blade phenology is stationary phase time go out garden.By the nursery stock cultivated in Field planting.The Routine Management such as carry out trickle after field planting, shade.
The measuring method of each parameter of bamboo grows nursery stock of cultivating in this comparative example is with embodiment 1.
results and analysis
1, scion portion increment
After the liquid manure drip irrigation process 125d adopting experimental scheme continuously, observe the new amount of growth in the bamboo grows nursery stock scion portion (see table 4) of each process.
The little cylinder seedling scion portion increment that table 4 respectively processes
2, root growth amount
After liquid manure drip irrigation process 125d, the root growth parameter of the bamboo grows nursery stock of each process is in table 5.
The little cylinder shoot root portion performance situation that table 5 respectively processes
3, Leaf nutrient contents
After liquid manure drip irrigation process 125d, the Leaf nutrient contents of each process rubber seedling wood is in table 6.
The little cylinder seedling leaf nutrient content that table 6 respectively processes
In sum, from nursery stock growing way, the seedling growth of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is better, and wherein plant height, the thick increment of stem and the top number of blade are all significantly greater than comparative example; Root cap is smaller, and aerial growth is vigorous, and leaf nutrient N, P, K comparision contents is high, ratio relative equilibrium, with embodiment 1 process 2 and embodiment 2 process 4 liquid manure drip irrigation method better.The nursery stock scion on the ground part growing way of comparative example process is poor, and Leaf nutrient contents exists some problems, and nursery stock Leaf nutrient contents is in and extremely lacks N, and lack the state of K, and nutritive proportion is unbalanced, obvious nutritional deficiency phenomenon appears in blade, and root/shoot ratio is bigger than normal.
From test operation, biological short root liquid fertilizer and farmers''s natural pond liquid fertilizer are all liquid, mix ratio is easier to, but there is the phenomenon of clogging drip irrigation pipe in the former, and the latter's activated fertilizer that is tool, not clogging drip irrigation pipe substantially, thus liquid manure drip irrigation is more even, nursery stock good absorbing, grows fine, and root/shoot ratio is relatively reasonable; On nutrient physiology, Leaf nutrient contents relatively high and balance.Composite fertilizer is solid fertilizer, and induced lysis is diluted, and each nutrient content easily regulates, simple to operate, but to notice that the uneven fertilizer damage that easily causes of drip irrigation produces, cause nursery stock to return withered dying so nutrient will be avoided to lack of proper care, therefore, recommendation embodiment 1 processes the liquid manure drip irrigation method of 2.
Above-mentioned embodiment is intended to illustrate that the present invention can be professional and technical personnel in the field and realizes or use; modifying to above-mentioned embodiment will be apparent for those skilled in the art; therefore the present invention includes but be not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; any these claims or specification of meeting describes; meet and principle disclosed herein and novelty, the method for inventive features, technique, product, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling comforts a pipe method, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step, by coconut palm chaff, farmland table soil and barnyard manure according to volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, obtains compound as culture medium, for subsequent use;
Second step, is placed on the container for plant growth of full for filling described culture medium on support, and makes to leave ground bottom described container for plant growth;
3rd step, in the described culture medium of the little transplantation of seedlings of bamboo grows bud grafting survived in described container for plant growth;
4th step, to described bamboo grows seedling drip irrigation every day clear water 1 time, makes the quality moisture content of described culture medium remain on more than 80%; Once, every strain fertilizing amount is 30-60ml farmers' natural pond liquid fertilizer or 0.5-1g composite fertilizer to every 2-15 days drip irrigation liquid manure, ensures that the nutrition supply of plant goes out garden to bamboo grows seedling.
2. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: in the 4th step, and the time of drip irrigation liquid manure is 20-60min.
3. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: in the 5th step, carries out practicing seedling before going out garden: 2 ~ 5 days no longer trickles after disposable trickle to container bottom drips.
4. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: second step, in booth, the container for plant growth of full for filling described culture medium is vertically placed on support respectively, and the height making the bottom of described container for plant growth leave ground keeps more than 4cm, is arranged in seedling raising greenhouse by wide-and narrow-row form.
5. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: by drip irrigation appliance, liquid manure is carried out to bamboo grows container seedling and comforts pipe, described drip irrigation appliance comprises water feed apparatus, fertilizer inlet unit, filter, drip irrigation pipe, water dropper are linked in sequence.
6. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: the volume ratio of described coconut palm chaff, farmland table soil and barnyard manure is 1:1:0.3.
7. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: described bamboo grows seedling is the seedling that survives of bud grafting or seedling.
8. the liquid manure of bamboo grows container seedling according to claim 1 comforts pipe method, it is characterized in that: described container for plant growth is tubular container for plant growth, and up big and down small opening is arranged.
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| CN201410666113.5A CN104351002A (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Water and fertilizer management method for rubber tree container seedling |
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| CN201410666113.5A CN104351002A (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Water and fertilizer management method for rubber tree container seedling |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104945203A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Special rubber tree fertilizer for promoting high and stable yields, and fertilization method of fertilizer |
| CN106613679A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 广西睿桂涵农业有限公司 | Rubber tree planting method |
| CN111406569A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Seedling culture method for culturing large full-crown seedlings of rubber trees |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN104945203A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Special rubber tree fertilizer for promoting high and stable yields, and fertilization method of fertilizer |
| CN106613679A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 广西睿桂涵农业有限公司 | Rubber tree planting method |
| CN111406569A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Seedling culture method for culturing large full-crown seedlings of rubber trees |
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