CN103918531B - A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103918531B CN103918531B CN201410164967.3A CN201410164967A CN103918531B CN 103918531 B CN103918531 B CN 103918531B CN 201410164967 A CN201410164967 A CN 201410164967A CN 103918531 B CN103918531 B CN 103918531B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agriculture field, particularly field of plant cultivation, is more specifically a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof.The present invention discards blank of the bedding and padding in the application of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix for current fermentation bed, a kind of cultivation matrix discarded the method for bedding and padding making solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix using fermentation bed and obtained is provided, the cultivation matrix is discarded bedding and padding, vermiculite, perlite, peat by fermentation bed and formed.It is achieved thereby that fermentation bed discards the recycling of bedding and padding, turn waste into wealth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, particularly field of plant cultivation, is more specifically that a kind of solanaceous vegetables is planted
Train matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Fermentation bed is to utilize brand-new natural agriculture theory, a kind of ring proposed with reference to Modern microbiological fermentation process technology
Protect, safe and effective ecologically raising pigs method.Realize pig without discharge, pollution-free, without foul smell, thorough solution scale pig farm ring
Border pollution problem, it is to integrate swine science, nutrition, engine hygiene, biology, soil fertilizer science, it then follows low cost,
The ecologically raising pigs system for a set of benign cycle that high production, free of contamination principle are set up.It is plant layoutization pig development
The another bright spot formed to certain phase, it is the new model of pig industry sustainable development.Fermenting bed padding be typically chosen stalk,
The poor slag charge such as rice hulls, saw dust etc., conditional addition mushroom bran, vinasse.Fermenting bed padding normal need 2-5 needs more
Change, discarded fermenting bed padding contains substantial amounts of swine excrement and undecomposed fermenting bed padding, it is interior containing substantial amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, have
Nutrient needed for the plants such as machine matter.
Unclassified stores is equipped with using this organic materials arable farming matrix is made, can not only solve discarded fermenting bed padding
Pollution problem caused by possible is turned waste into wealth, while can increase added value of product.
For this present situation, it is thus proposed that fermenting bed padding can be used to make the cultivation matrix of watermelon, but solanaceous vegetables vegetable
The planting requirement and watermelon of dish, the planting requirement of melon vegetables is entirely different in other words.It is edible that solanaceous vegetables, which refer to using fruit,
Partial solanaceous vegetable.Require fertile soil and higher temperature intolerant to cold including tomato, capsicum, eggplant.Counterglow is grown
It is short to require not strict, but the illumination that florescence requirement is sufficient.Seminal propagation, typically before the winter or early spring is using ground nursery is expanded, and treats
Crop field is colonized in after warmer climate.Cucurbitaceae vegetable of the melon finger using fruit as edible part.Including pumpkin, cucumber, muskmelon,
Bottle gourd, wax gourd, sponge gourd, balsam pear etc..Vines, monoecism and different flower according to habit of yielding positive results, have based on main stem result
Cucurbita pepo, early cucumber.There are muskmelon, bottle gourd early, more than result with lateral bine result.Also master it is climing almost can simultaneously result winter
Melon, sponge gourd, balsam pear, watermelon.It is melon to require higher temperature and sufficient sunlight.Watermelon, muskmelon, pumpkin well developed root system, it is drought-enduring
Property is strong.Other melon root systems are weaker, it is desirable to damp soil.In production, nutrient growth is adjusted using pinching, the whole measure such as climing
With the relation of reproductive growth.Seminal propagation, live or culturing and transplanting seedlings.Sow the summer harvest in spring, some harvestings can extend to autumn, can also the summer
Kind autumn harvest.
Specifically, for example, one plant of green pepper can the green pepper of knot more than ten, other yield highests are also with regard to half jin or so；But one plant
Watermelon can 5 or so watermelons of knot（Highest 10 or so, but it is childlike）, yield can reach more than 10 kilograms；Above-mentioned two
Kind crop is widely different to nutrient demand, if the consequence gone with the nutrient of one plant of watermelon of plantation caused by planting one plant of green pepper is foster
It is point too high, in turn result in burn seedlings.Even if the vegetables of production unit yield, required nutrient is also by difference.Therefore, watermelon
Cultivation matrix is not necessarily adapted to production solanberry crop.
In order to further illustrate, we further arrange the nutrient demand of inhomogeneity plant according to the disclosure of existing literature
Table illustrates, is calculated in table according to the nutrient demand amount of production 1000kg vegetables
It can be seen that different vegetable species are very big for the demand difference of nutrient, it is necessary to according to solanaceous vegetables exclusively nutrient need
Ask, with reference to specific processing means, fermenting bed padding can be just used in solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
The content of the invention
The present invention discards blank of the bedding and padding in the application of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix for current fermentation bed, there is provided one
The cultivation matrix that kind is discarded the method for bedding and padding making solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix and obtained using fermentation bed, it is achieved thereby that
Fermentation bed discards the recycling of bedding and padding, turns waste into wealth.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, a kind of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix is we disclosed, the cultivation matrix is
Bedding and padding, vermiculite, perlite, peat are discarded by fermentation bed to form.
Further, it is preferable to it is 3 that the fermentation bed, which discards bedding and padding, vermiculite, perlite, the volume ratio of peat,:2:3:2.
Another program, we preferably disclose, and the fermentation bed discards bedding and padding, vermiculite, perlite, the volume ratio of peat are
2:3:3:2。
Further, we also disclosed a kind of preparation method of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, comprise the following steps：
（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~
25）：1, water content control is 50% ~ 60%；
（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree
80%±2%；
（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to mixed volume than mixed
Close；
（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
In previous process, we preferably the step（3）Middle fermentation bed discard bedding and padding, vermiculite, perlite, peat according to
Volume ratio 3:2:3:2 mixing.
Meanwhile we also disclosed another technical scheme, the step（3）Middle fermentation bed discards bedding and padding, vermiculite, pearl
Rock, peat are according to volume ratio 2:3:3:2 mixing.
As a kind of preferred embodiment banked up, we disclose the step（2）In, the fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding
Heap is set to bar buttress formula fermentation.
Using technical scheme disclosed in this invention, discarded fermenting bed padding can be applied and be cultivated in solanaceous vegetables
In matrix, and obtain a kind of nutritious, the good cultivation matrix of cultivate effect, reach the purpose to turn waste into wealth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that traditional cultivation matrix cultivates the solanberry plant photo obtained；
Fig. 2 is that cultivation matrix disclosed by the invention cultivates the solanberry plant photo obtained.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated.
Embodiment 1
（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~
25）：1, water content control is 50% ~ 60%；
Water content control method：It is 30-40% that pigsty, which clears out fermentation bed and discards the general water content of bedding and padding, by adding water, is made
Water content reaches 50% to 60%；
Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method：If pigsty clears out, the discarded bedding and padding carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation bed is higher to be adjusted by adding pig manure
（Pig manure carbon-nitrogen ratio is 12:1 or so）If relatively low adjusted by adding stalk（Stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is 50:1 or so）.
（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree
80%±2%；In general to ferment 1 ~ 2 month；Paying special attention to will at least more than seven days in whole fermentation process, ensures temperature
Degree is more than 50 DEG C.
（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to 5:1:2:2 mixing
Volume ratio mixes；
（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 2
（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~
25）：1, water content control is 50% ~ 60%；
Water content control method：It is 30-40% that pigsty, which clears out fermentation bed and discards the general water content of bedding and padding, by adding water, is made
Water content reaches 50% to 60%；
Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method：If pigsty clears out, the discarded bedding and padding carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation bed is higher to be adjusted by adding pig manure
（Pig manure carbon-nitrogen ratio is 12:1 or so）If relatively low adjusted by adding stalk（Stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is 50:1 or so）.
（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree
80%±2%；In general to ferment 1 ~ 2 month；Paying special attention to will at least more than seven days in whole fermentation process, ensures temperature
Degree is more than 50 DEG C.
（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to 4:1:3:2 mixing
Volume ratio mixes；
（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 3
（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~
25）：1, water content control is 50% ~ 60%；
Water content control method：It is 30-40% that pigsty, which clears out fermentation bed and discards the general water content of bedding and padding, by adding water, is made
Water content reaches 50% to 60%；
Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method：If pigsty clears out, the discarded bedding and padding carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation bed is higher to be adjusted by adding pig manure
（Pig manure carbon-nitrogen ratio is 12:1 or so）If relatively low adjusted by adding stalk（Stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is 50:1 or so）.
（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree
80%±2%；In general to ferment 1 ~ 2 month；Paying special attention to will at least more than seven days in whole fermentation process, ensures temperature
Degree is more than 50 DEG C.
（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to 3:2:3:2 mixing
Volume ratio mixes；
（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 4
（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~
25）：1, water content control is 50% ~ 60%；
Water content control method：It is 30-40% that pigsty, which clears out fermentation bed and discards the general water content of bedding and padding, by adding water, is made
Water content reaches 50% to 60%；
Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method：If pigsty clears out, the discarded bedding and padding carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation bed is higher to be adjusted by adding pig manure
（Pig manure carbon-nitrogen ratio is 12:1 or so）If relatively low adjusted by adding stalk（Stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is 50:1 or so）.
（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree
80%±2%；In general to ferment 1 ~ 2 month；Paying special attention to will at least more than seven days in whole fermentation process, ensures temperature
Degree is more than 50 DEG C.
（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to 2:3:3:2 mixing
Volume ratio mixes；
（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 5
The solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix obtained in embodiment 1 ~ 4 is carried out into comparative cultivate with commercially available matrix to test.
Under same greenhouse, that is, ensure that other planting conditions such as illumination, air draught degree are consistent, only change matrix, apply kind
Same pepper seed.
Cultivate after ripe plant, to be counted to plant yield, diameter, plant height and chlorophyll content, as a result such as table
1。
Table 1：
| Processing | Yield（Gram/plant） | Diameter（mm） | Plant height（mm） | Chlorophyll (SPAD) |
| 5122 | 143.97 | 7.50 | 445.33 | 44.45 |
| 4132 | 161.63 | 7.85 | 448 | 53.15 |
| 3232 | 218.96 | 8.17 | 474.33 | 52.38 |
| 2332 | 180.71 | 7.09 | 462.83 | 51.7 |
| Commodity matrix | 184.27 | 8.53 | 473.92 | 53.13 |
The present invention discloses the solanberry plant of matrix culture as shown in Figure 2, solanberry plant such as Fig. 1 institutes of traditional matrices culture
Show.
Other solanaceous vegetables plants, for example tomato, eggplant etc. we also to have carried out 1 ~ embodiment of previous embodiment 6 similar
Comparability test, due to being solanaceous vegetables, its result is approximate, again no longer burden narration, but it is respectively provided with and is better than or waits
Imitate in the culture effect of commercially available matrix.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that：The cultivation matrix be by fermentation bed discard bedding and padding, vermiculite, Perlite, peat composition；It is 3 that the fermentation bed, which discards bedding and padding, vermiculite, perlite, the volume ratio of peat,:2:3:2, wherein sending out The rotten degree that ferment bed discards bedding and padding is 80% ± 2%；Specifically, the preparation method of the solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix is as follows：（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~25）：1, Water content control is 50% ~ 60%；Wherein water content control method：It is 30%-40% that pigsty, which clears out fermentation bed and discards the general water content of bedding and padding, by adding water, Water content is set to reach 50% to 60%；Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method：If pigsty clears out, the discarded bedding and padding carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation bed is higher to be adjusted by adding pig manure, pig manure Carbon-nitrogen ratio 12:1 or so, if relatively low adjusted by adding stalk, stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is 50:1 or so,（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree 80% ±2% ；Fermentation 1 ~ 2 month；Pay special attention in whole fermentation process to have more than seven days, ensure temperature more than 50 DEG C；（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to 3:2:3:2 mixed volumes Than mixing；（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
- 2. a kind of preparation method of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：（1）The fermentation bed that pigsty is cleaned out discards bedding and padding, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio control exists（16~25）：1, Water content control is 50% ~ 60%；Wherein water content control method：It is 30%-40% that pigsty, which clears out fermentation bed and discards the general water content of bedding and padding, by adding water, Water content is set to reach 50% to 60%；Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method：If pigsty clears out, the discarded bedding and padding carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation bed is higher to be adjusted by adding pig manure, pig manure Carbon-nitrogen ratio 12:1 or so, if relatively low adjusted by adding stalk, stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is 50:1 or so,（2）Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding and banks up fermentation, every three days turning and throwing once, banks up fermentation to rotten degree 80% ±2% ；Fermentation 1 ~ 2 month；Pay special attention in whole fermentation process to have more than seven days, ensure temperature more than 50 DEG C；（3）The fermentation bed of rotten degree 80% ± 2% is discarded into bedding and padding, with vermiculite, perlite, peat according to 3:2:3:2 mixed volumes Than mixing；（4）By step（3）Middle mixture is stirred with mixer, obtains solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix.
- 3. the preparation method of solanaceous vegetables cultivation matrix according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：The step（2）In, Fermentation bed after processing is discarded into bedding and padding heap and is set to bar buttress formula fermentation.
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| CN104261958B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Leaf vegetable cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104261989A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Solanaceous vegetable cultivation media in drought region and preparation method of solanaceous vegetable cultivation media |
| CN106518398A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-03-22 | 济南七彩牧歌生态农业有限公司 | Organic ecological matrix for soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN106489698A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-03-15 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of Urban Balcony Vegetable culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188674B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-11-06 | 河海大学 | Solanaceous vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109892199A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-18 | 新疆生产建设兵团第十二师农业科学研究所 | The method of field pumpkin cultivation matrix and cultivation is cultivated under a kind of heliogreenhouse |
| CN111727845A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-10-02 | 东营职业学院 | Method for preparing vegetable seedling raising matrix and bio-organic fertilizer by using dairy cow padding |
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