CN103858654A - Method for planting millet in sandy land - Google Patents
Method for planting millet in sandy land Download PDFInfo
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- CN103858654A CN103858654A CN201410124163.0A CN201410124163A CN103858654A CN 103858654 A CN103858654 A CN 103858654A CN 201410124163 A CN201410124163 A CN 201410124163A CN 103858654 A CN103858654 A CN 103858654A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for planting millet in a sandy land. The method comprises the following steps that A, organic fertilizer and phosphatic fertilizer are spread on the sandy land which is reserved for millet planting; B, the reserved sandy land is paved with an irrigation device; C, millet seeds are sown in the sandy land; D, irrigation is conducted by the irrigation device. According to the method for planting millet in the sandy land, high yield of millet can be obtained even though the millet is planted in the barren sandy land with a small amount of precipitation, even no amount of precipitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method in sand ground plantation millet, belong to agricultural planting field.
Background technology
Millet (Setaria italic) has another name called grain, after shelling, is millet, and it is nutritious, is the main food congee raw materials of the northern common people.Millet straw crude protein content is higher, suitable with Alfalfa, and grain tailored version millet straw crude protein content is in 8% left and right, and forage grass type millet straw crude protein content, more than 15%, can be used as the forage grass of high-quality.
Millet is at China's cultivation history of existing 7,000 years, and cultivated area reaches 200,000,000 mu when the highest.But because millet planting labour intensity is large, time-consuming, yield poorly, of poor benefits, planting scale reduces year by year, has tapered to up till now 10,000,000 mu of less thaies, is degraded into the stage of small coarse cereals.
In order to improve the output of millet, through research for many years, Academy of Agriculture, Zhangjiakou City's seed selection becomes first hybridization millet " No. 1, a confused flour beetle " in the world, up to the present, be bred as 9 of " confused flour beetle " series of productss, the wherein kind in existing applicable spring sowing district, also has the kind in applicable summer sowing district; The kind on existing applicable water ground, also has the kind of applicable dry-land cultivation; Form ripe complete " confused flour beetle " kind series of morning, noon and afternoon.
But, be no matter that traditional millet or hybridization millet is still very limited in the extremely low arid regional output of precipitation, therefore, the millet that how obtains high yield in arid sand ground plantation has become major issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method in sand ground plantation millet, by the method, can improve the output of China arid and semi-arid lands millet, can also reach the effect that water saving checking fixes the sand simultaneously.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method of sand ground plantation millet, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. in the sand ground of reserved plantation millet, apply fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
B. on reserved sand ground, lay watering appliance;
C. by sand ground described Millet Seed sowing;
D. irrigate by described watering appliance.
Preferably, in described step C, every mu of sand ground sowing Millet Seed 0.2-1kg, covers 1-3cm.
Preferably, in described step C, every mu of sand ground sowing Millet Seed 0.5kg, covers 2cm.
Preferably, in described step D, by irrigation installation irrigation water or fertilizer solution,
Preferably, described fertilizer solution is by making soluble in water fertilizer.
More preferably, described fertilizer is urea.
Preferably, described steps A is before or after step B.
Preferably, described reserved sand ground is fine sand ground, fine sand content 90%-100%, and fine sand thickness is at 50cm-100cm.
Preferably, described reserved sand ground was planted millet other crops in addition before plantation millet.
Preferably, in described steps A, fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are spread on behind earth's surface, then plough under in sand ground by rotovator.
Preferably, also described sand ground is turned over wholely, until sand ground is smooth, soil is in small, broken bits, and the residual stalk fragmentation of sand ground, without weeds.
Preferably, in described steps A, the fertilizer that every mu of reserved sand ground applies is 30-70Kg, and phosphate fertilizer is 15-40Kg.
Preferably, the fertilizer that every mu of reserved sand ground applies is 50kg, and phosphate fertilizer is 25kg.
More preferably, described phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate.
Preferably, in described step B, main pipeline is laid on reserved sand ground, spray water belt is installed on main pipeline, and spray water belt is fixed.
Preferably, by shape of a hoof clamp, spray water belt is fixed.
Preferably, in described step D, after planting water for the first time: 5-20 cubic meter/mu, field capacity reaches 90%-100%; After emerging 4-6 days start to water for the second time; Within later every 4-6 days, water one time water, each every mu of 5-8 cubic meter that waters, and need water 12-20 time vegetative period.
More preferably, in described step D, after planting water for the first time: 10 cubic metres/mu, field capacity reaches 100%; After emerging the 5th day starts to water for the second time, and each every mu is watered 6.6 cubic metres, within later every 5 days, waters one time water, and each every mu is watered 6.6 cubic metres, and need water vegetative period 14 times.
Preferably, Millet Seed grow up heading after every mu use 300-800g potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution at every turn.
More preferably, use 500g potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for every mu at every turn.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the present invention proposes a kind of completely new approach in sand ground plantation millet, even if low in precipitation, even annually still can obtain higher output without the barren sand ground of precipitation.
Implantation methods of the present invention can be promoted in these arids of China North China, northwest and northeast, semiarid zone.Not only be applicable to traditional millet, the plantation that is also applicable to hybridize millet simultaneously.Common crops adopt conventional implantation methods in above-mentioned arid, semiarid zone, and the benefit of generation is very low.But utilize millet, particularly hybridize that millet is degeneration-resistant, water saving, barren-resistant characteristic, and the cultivation method of the science of the present invention's proposition, can make the arid of China, nearly hundred million mu of middle-and-low-yielding fields of semiarid zone increase per unit area yield, increase the benefit, can also reach the effect that water saving checking fixes the sand simultaneously, play the promotion ecological balance, realize the sustainable development of these area agriculturals.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents shape of a hoof clamp.
Fig. 2 represents the diagram of the fixing water pipe spray water belt of shape of a hoof clamp.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Millet in the present embodiment is No. 8, confused flour beetle, purchased from the Hebei agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd of touring the heavens.
Described No. 8 features of hybrid paddy are as follows: about 90 days vegetative period of this crossbreed, suitable summer sowing and late spring are broadcast.Seedling bottle green, well developed root system, cane is sturdy, and blade is generous, and growth potential is strong, and disease resistance is good, rare tillering, plant height 100-120cm, fringe is large and neat, fringe hammer-imitation type, has bristle, spike length 25-34cm, the average fringe of single fringe weighs 35 grams, and large fringe weighs 50 grams, yellow paddy glutinous millet.Ear to maturation and reach 40 days, grouting time is long, and growth potential is strong, and output is high.
The implantation methods that hybrid paddy is No. 8 is as follows
Experiment is carried out at the sandy beach of the Le Dongxian of Hainan Province.Happy eastern regional winter is without rainfall, sunny.32 mu of sample plot areas.Sowing is sowed 16 mu at every turn at twice, and other management are identical.
Specific experiment method is as follows:
Select reserved sand ground: a. and select take 70cm thickness fine sand as main reserved sand ground, b, reserved sand ground physical features is smooth, plot is upright.Before c, sand ground, stubble can be watermelon, must not be millet.
Tubing: lay the main pipeline of irrigating use on reserved sand ground face, main pipeline is take diameter 10 ㎝ PVChao pipelines as material, according on physical features paving and ground.After having sowed, the spray water belt of diameter 3 ㎝, long 30m is installed every 1.5m on main pipeline.Make horseshoe-shaped clamp with the thick iron wire of mung bean, see Fig. 1, clamp width is a bit larger tham spray water belt, and iron wire two ends length 20cm every 3 meters, with a underground fixing spray water belt of clamp insertion, is shown in that Fig. 2 prevents that spray water belt is by wind disheveled on spray water belt.
Sow:, reach preliminary chopping front stubble stalk and eliminate the requirement of weeds first by the soil rotary tillage of choosing a time with rotovator wholely.In conjunction with whole the base fertilizer that uses sufficient, every mu of soil organic fertilizer 50kg, phosphate fertilizer, as diammonium phosphate 25kg, are manually spread on behind earth's surface,, by soil rotary tillage one time again fertilizer are evenly ploughed under in soil with rotovator.By whole ground, reach Horizon, the fragmentation of in small, broken bits, front stubble stalk, weed free requirement.
Respectively at December 14 and sowing on January 24.Sample plot adopts millet essence to plant planting with sowing machine, and determining line-spacing 30 ㎝, adjusting spacing in the rows is the spacing in the rows bunch planting methods such as 13 ㎝, implementation, 1.5 ten thousand plants/acre of density of reserved seedlings.Seed is directly broadcast on sand, and average every mu of sowing 0.5kg, covers 1-2cm.
Sprinkling irrigation is watered: after planting water for the first time: 10 cubes/mu, field capacity (while just having watered water) will reach 100%, is beneficial to seed germination and is unearthed, and after watering the 3rd day starts to emerge, and five upper elixir field seedlings all sprout.Sandy soil ground water retention capacity is poor, waters to millet will accomplish that duty is watered less and water.Within the 5th day, start to water for the second time from emerging, within later every five days, water one time water, each every mu is watered 6.6 cubes.Need water whole breeding time 14 times, 95.8 cubes of water consumptions.Milking maturity, to results, determines whether water as required.
Apply fertilizers scientifically: the Growth of Millet phase topdresses with urea 30kg.Sandy soil fertilizer-preserving ability is poor, and it is more suitable that fertilising is executed with Shaoshi duty.Start to water to the 13 time from watering for the second time, with every mu of each 2.5kg, urea is dissolved in the water, execute in ground by sprinkling irrigation.After heading, be affixed by the trace elements such as phosphorus potassium, every mu each soluble in water with 500g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, is sprayed onto on blade face the end until water whole breeding time together with urea.
Artificial weeding: in the time that paddy seedling grows 4-5 leaf, manually weed out the rank grass in conjunction with final singling.Spacing in the rows 13 ㎝, 666.7m2 stays seedling 1.5 ten thousand strains.
In good time results: millet blooms in Hainan for 45 days, about 85 days vegetative period, green bar maturation.The millet of first sowing was gathered in March 10; The millet harvesting on April 20 of second batch sowing.After threshing, adding up output is: every mu of 308kg of millet, every mu of 362kg of gulch grass.
Toothing is no-tillage: when harvesting, do not retain from ground upwards the millet cane, results of 10cm not the horse back sand ground of not turning over, carry out no-tillage seeding while again utilizing sand ground.
Comparative example 1
Adopt conventional method that a confused flour beetle is planted in for No. 8 under the geological conditions identical with embodiment 1, in identical results period, obtain the every per mu yield 151kg of millet, every mu of 161kg of gulch grass.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different places is that millet in the present embodiment adopts No. 7, a confused flour beetle, and No. 7, a confused flour beetle is also purchased from the Hebei agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd of touring the heavens.And the present embodiment is similar to Example 1 in the present embodiment, different places are, every mu of sowing seed 0.2kg in the present embodiment, covering 3cm.The fine sand thickness of the present embodiment sand ground is 100cm, and the fertilizer that every mu of reserved sand ground applies is 70Kg, phosphate fertilizer 40Kg.After planting water for the first time: 15 cubic metres/mu, field capacity reaches 100%; After emerging the 4th day starts to water for the second time; Within every 4 days, water one time water, each every mu is watered 8 cubic metres, and need water vegetative period 20 times later.Because traditional millet yields poorly, apply the 800g dikalium phosphate aqueous solution so grow up to ear latter every mu in millet in addition at every turn.After harvest-seed extraction, adding up output is: every mu of 296kg of millet, every mu of 325kg of gulch grass.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different places is the millet that the millet in the present embodiment adopts non-hybridization.And the present embodiment is similar to Example 1 in the present embodiment, different places are,
In the present embodiment, every mu of sowing seed 0.8kg, covers 3cm.The fine sand thickness of the present embodiment sand ground is
80cm, the fertilizer that every mu of reserved sand ground applies is 20Kg, phosphate fertilizer is as diammonium phosphate 30Kg.After planting water for the first time: 8 cubic metres/mu, field capacity reaches 95%; After emerging the 4th day starts to water for the second time; Within every 6 days, water one time water, each every mu is watered 7 cubic metres, and need water vegetative period 12 times later.In identical results period, obtain the every per mu yield 288kg of millet, every mu of 316kg of gulch grass.
Claims (11)
1. in a method for sand ground plantation millet, the method comprises the following steps:
A. in the sand ground of reserved plantation millet, apply fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
B. in reserved sand ground, lay watering appliance;
C. Millet Seed is seeded in described sand ground;
D. irrigate by described watering appliance, preferably, in described step C, every mu of sand ground sowing Millet Seed 0.2-1kg, covers 1-3cm, and more preferably, in described step C, every mu of sand ground sowing Millet Seed 0.5kg, covers 2cm.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step D, by irrigation installation irrigation water or fertilizer solution, preferably, described fertilizer solution is by making soluble in water fertilizer; More preferably, described fertilizer is urea.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described steps A is before or after step B.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reserved sand ground is fine sand ground, fine sand content 90%-100%, and fine sand thickness is 50cm-100cm.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reserved sand ground was planted other crops beyond millet before plantation millet.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described steps A, fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer is spread on behind earth's surface, then ploughs under in sand ground by rotovator.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also described sand ground is turned over wholely, until sand ground is smooth, soil is in small, broken bits, and the residual stalk fragmentation of sand ground, without weeds.
8. method according to claim 1.It is characterized in that, in described steps A, the fertilizer that every mu of reserved sand ground applies is 30-70Kg, and phosphate fertilizer is 15-40Kg, and preferably, the fertilizer that every mu of reserved sand ground applies is 50kg, and phosphate fertilizer is 25kg, and most preferably, described phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step B, main pipeline is laid in reserved sand ground, spray water belt is installed on main pipeline, and spray water belt is fixed, and preferably, by shape of a hoof clamp, spray water belt is fixed.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, in described step D, after planting waters for the first time: 5-20 cubic meter/mu, and field capacity reaches 90%-100%; After emerging 4-6 days start to water for the second time; Within later every 4-6 days, water one time water, each every mu of 5-8 cubic meter that waters, and need water 12-20 time vegetative period; Preferably, in described step D, after planting water for the first time: 10 cubic metres/mu, field capacity reaches 100%; After emerging the 5th day starts to water for the second time, and each every mu is watered 6.6 cubic metres, within later every 5 days, waters one time water, and each every mu is watered 6.6 cubic metres, and need water vegetative period 14 times.
11. according to the method described in claim 1 or 9, it is characterized in that, after Millet Seed is grown up heading, uses 300-800g potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for every mu at every turn, preferably, uses 500g potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for every mu at every turn.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103355028A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-10-23 | 易志坚 | Method for treating desert by plant type modified sand bodies |
| CN103636391A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | 张家口市农业科学院 | Water-saving method for planting millet hybrids in extreme arid area |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103355028A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-10-23 | 易志坚 | Method for treating desert by plant type modified sand bodies |
| CN103636391A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | 张家口市农业科学院 | Water-saving method for planting millet hybrids in extreme arid area |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 樊修武等: "谷子杂交种与常规种水分利用效率及耗水规律差异", 《山西农业科学》, no. 5, 31 December 2011 (2011-12-31), pages 428 - 431 * |
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