CN103833953B - 一种用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和施工方法 - Google Patents

一种用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和施工方法 Download PDF

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CN103833953B
CN103833953B CN201410085642.6A CN201410085642A CN103833953B CN 103833953 B CN103833953 B CN 103833953B CN 201410085642 A CN201410085642 A CN 201410085642A CN 103833953 B CN103833953 B CN 103833953B
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陈战有
韦永继
王亚萌
周文英
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和施工方法，A组分为预聚体组分，由聚醚多元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)组成，按重量计二者比例为100∶14.6～41；B组分为固化剂组分，由芳香族二胺类扩链剂和选择性使用降粘剂组成，二者重量比为100∶0～70.5；A，B组分以重量比100∶7～36混合室温固化而成聚氨酯树脂，其中聚醚多元醇为端伯羟基含量大于70％的聚醚二元醇、聚醚三元醇或其掺混物；聚醚多元醇25℃时粘度小于1300mPa·s；聚醚多元醇的数均分子量为1000‑6000。该树脂组分混合后允许搅拌时间长，粘度增长较慢，适用期长，固化物强度高，硬度适中。

Description

一种用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和施 工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，特别涉及一种可以用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂。
背景技术
桥梁调高支座是安装在桥梁和桥墩之间，用于填补缝隙，平衡桥墩受力的一种装置。根据实际需要，桥梁调高支座的调高类型有多种方式，其中利用填充橡胶材料来实现支座调高是新发展起来的一种调高方式。该种方式是将液体的填充橡胶，通过放置于地面的高压灌浆泵输送到桥墩上的跳高支座中，液体橡胶材料固化后成为有一定性能的固体填充橡胶材料，既具有填充支座的效能，又能减缓桥梁附加给支座的冲击力，起到减震缓冲的作用。
这种用途的填充橡胶树脂具有以下的特点：一是满足调高支座施工工艺的要求。调高支座的施工是间歇过程，每填充一定量的橡胶，就要计算桥墩受力和变形余量等参数，根据该参数大小，继续进行填充施工，该过程漫长而且不可控制，这就要求填充橡胶要有足够长的液体存在状态。二是填充橡胶在液体状态下，在相当长的时间内，其粘度也要足够小，以便于高压灌浆泵的输送要求，粘度太大，容易堵塞灌浆泵，造成泵体的破坏。三是树脂固化成固体以后具有适当的硬度，以满足减震缓冲的需求。四是固化后的树脂要有较好的拉伸强度，以满足支座的竖向刚度要求。目前，国外采用的填充树脂多为液体硅橡胶，该树脂固化后拉伸强度较差，且价格昂贵，在国内难以大量应用。
CN101768249A公开了一种注入固化式调高支座用填充树脂及其制备方法。该专利中描述的聚氨酯树脂A、B组分混合粘度增加很快，可混合时间为仅为5-10min，适用期最长40min，固化时间最长90min，混合物料以较低粘度的液体状态存在的时间短，实际施工中容易堵塞传输的灌浆泵，也容易混合不均匀，从而影响填充聚氨酯的性能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂。该树脂组分混合后允许搅拌时间长，粘度增长较慢，适用期长，固化物强度高，硬度适中。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是提供一种该聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
本发明要解决的第三个技术问题是提供一种该聚氨酯树脂的施工方法。
本发明用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂由A，B两组分组成，A组分为预聚体组分，由聚醚多元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)组成，按重量计二者比例为100∶14.6～41；B组分为固化剂组分，由芳香族二胺类扩链剂和选择性使用降粘剂组成，二者重量比为100∶0～70.5；A，B组分以重量比100∶7～36混合室温固化而成聚氨酯树脂，其中聚醚多元醇为端伯羟基含量大于70％的聚醚二元醇、聚醚三元醇或其掺混物；聚醚多元醇25℃时粘度小于1300mPa·s；聚醚多元醇的数均分子量为1000-6000，优选3000-5000。
本发明的聚氨酯树脂中，B组分中所使用的芳香族二胺类扩链剂是3，5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺、2，4-二氨基-3-甲硫基-5-丙基甲苯、2，4-二氨基-3，5-二甲硫基氯苯、4，4′-双仲丁氨基二苯基甲烷、1，4-双仲丁氨基苯等中的一种或多种的混合物；所使用的降粘剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类、脂肪族二酸酯类、苯甲酸二醇酯类及磷酸酯类等中的一种或多种。
本发明的填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂具有以下性能：
1.A、B组分混合后允许搅拌时间可以达到90min，能使两个组分充分有效混合，避免混合不均匀的现象，保证了材料性能的均一稳定。
2.A，B组分混合后，粘度增长较慢，90min内其25℃的旋转粘度不超过6500mPa·s，可以满足高压灌浆泵传送的需求。
3.室温固化后的聚氨酯树脂20d后拉伸强度可达5.5-9.0MPa，硬度为邵氏45-75A。
用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)A组分 在反应器中加入水含量小于0.2％的聚醚多元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，85～90℃反应4～6h，得到NCO含量3％～8％的预聚体；
(2)B组分 芳香族二胺类扩链剂与水含量小于0.2％的降粘剂充分混合。
用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
A、B组分在室温下混合，保持搅拌状态，最长可搅90min，通过高压泵从注入口填充到调高调高支座中，室温固化20天以上。
本发明的填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂及制备方法和施工方法，采用IPDI异氰酸酯，配合端伯羟基含量高的聚醚多元醇，不添加催化剂，通过合理组合配方，控制了混合物的初始粘度，有效提升填充树脂的最终强度，制备出满足施工工艺要求的填充树脂。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。以下所述份数均为重量份。
聚氨酯树脂制备方法：
A组分：将水含量小于0.02％的端伯羟基含量大于70％的聚醚，缓慢加入到异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯中，85℃反应4h，得到端异氰酸酯基预聚体。
B组分：将芳香族二胺和水含量小于0.02％的降粘剂充分混合后，即得到B组分。
聚氨酯树脂施工方法：
将A／B组分组分室温下混合60min，保证其混合均匀。放置到90min时，按照GB／T2794-1995中的旋转粘度测试方法测试其粘度。混合物料通过高压泵浇注于100mm×100mm×2mm的模具中，室温放置20d以后，按照GB／T528-2009，测试拉伸强度。
各实施例参数见表1。
表1实施例参数

Claims (8)

1.一种用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂，由A，B两组分组成，A组分为预聚体组分，由聚醚多元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)组成，按重量计二者比例为100∶14.6～41；B组分为固化剂组分，由芳香族二胺类扩链剂和选择性使用降粘剂组成，二者重量比为100∶0～70.5；A，B组分以重量比100∶7～36混合室温固化而成聚氨酯树脂；其中聚醚多元醇为端伯羟基含量大于70％的聚醚二元醇、聚醚三元醇或其掺混物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂，其特征是聚醚多元醇25℃时粘度小于1300mPa·s，数均分子量为1000-6000。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂，其特征是聚醚多元醇数均分子量为3000-5000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂，其特征是芳香族二胺类扩链剂是3，5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺、2，4-二氨基-3-甲硫基-5-丙基甲苯、2，4-二氨基-3，5-二甲硫基氯苯、4，4′-双仲丁氨基二苯基甲烷、1，4-双仲丁氨基苯中的一种或多种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂，其特征是所使用的降粘剂是邻苯二甲酸酯类、脂肪族二酸酯类、苯甲酸二醇酯类及磷酸酯类中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1～5之一所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂，其特征是A、B组分混合后具有以下性能：A、B组分混合后允许搅拌时间可以达到60min；90min内其25℃的旋转粘度不超过6500mPa·s；室温固化后的聚氨酯树脂20d后拉伸强度为5.5-9.0MPa；硬度为邵氏45-75A。
7.一种制备权利要求1～6之一所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)A组分 在反应器中加入水含量小于0.2％的聚醚多元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，85～90℃反应4～6小时，得到NCO含量3％～8％的预聚体；
(2)B组分 芳香族二胺类扩链剂与水含量小于0.2％的降粘剂充分混合。
8.一种权利要求1～6之一所述的用于填充桥梁调高支座的聚氨酯树脂的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
A、B组分在室温下混合，保持搅拌状态，最长可搅90分钟，从注入口填充到调高支座中，室温固化20天以上。
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