CN103796736A - 使用分子筛ssz-25还原气流中的氮氧化物 - Google Patents
使用分子筛ssz-25还原气流中的氮氧化物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103796736A CN103796736A CN201280045303.4A CN201280045303A CN103796736A CN 103796736 A CN103796736 A CN 103796736A CN 201280045303 A CN201280045303 A CN 201280045303A CN 103796736 A CN103796736 A CN 103796736A
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- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- molecular sieve
- ssz
- reduction
- composition
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- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 SDA cation Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adamantane Natural products C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical group [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical group [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005216 hydrothermal crystallization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIJIUJYANDSEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)N QIJIUJYANDSEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZOFELREXGAFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1CCNCC1 UZOFELREXGAFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFXKQSZZZPGLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentamine Chemical compound CNC(C)CC1CCCC1 HFXKQSZZZPGLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003263 cyclopentamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/061—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing metallic elements added to the zeolite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7476—MWW-type, e.g. MCM-22, ERB-1, ITQ-1, PSH-3 or SSZ-25
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
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- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/76—Iron group metals or copper
- B01J29/7676—MWW-type, e.g. MCM-22, ERB-1, ITQ-1, PSH-3 or SSZ-25
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/78—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J29/7876—MWW-type, e.g. MCM-22, ERB-1, ITQ-1, PSH-3 or SSZ-25
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/46—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition
- C01B39/48—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
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Abstract
本发明通常涉及分子筛SSZ-25及其在还原气流如来自内燃机的废气中的氮氧化物中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明通常涉及分子筛SSZ-25及其在还原气流中的氮氧化物中的用途。
背景
结晶分子筛和沸石由于其独特筛分特性以及其催化性质而特别适用于诸如烃转化、气体干燥和分离的应用。虽然已经公开了许多不同的结晶分子筛,但仍然需要具有气体分离和干燥、烃和化学品转化及其他应用所希望的性质的新型分子筛。
概述
根据本发明,提供还原气流中所包含的氮氧化物的方法,其中所述方法包括使所述气流与具有大于约20:1的选自氧化硅、氧化锗及其混合物的氧化物与选自氧化铝、氧化镓、氧化铁、氧化硼及其混合物的氧化物的摩尔比的结晶分子筛接触。所述分子筛在煅烧之后具有表2的X-射线衍射谱线。所述分子筛可含有能够催化氮氧化物的还原的金属或金属离子(例如,钴、铜、铂、铁、铬、锰、镍、锌、镧、钯、铑或其混合物),且所述方法可在存在化学计量过量的氧气下进行。在一个实施方案中,所述气流为内燃机的排出流。
发明详述
本发明包括在本文中称为“分子筛SSZ-25”或简称为“SSZ-25”的分子筛。分子筛SSZ-25及其制备方法公开在美国专利4,826,667、5,202,014号和5,785,947号中。
在制备SSZ-25的过程中,可使用金刚烷季铵阳离子作为结构导向剂(“SDA”),也称作结晶模板。可用于制造SSZ-25的SDA由以下结构(1)和(2)表示:
N,N,N-三烷基-1-金刚烷铵阳离子
N,N,N-三烷基-2-金刚烷铵阳离子
其中Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5和Z6各自独立地为低碳数烷基且最通常为甲基;且R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地为氢或低碳数烷基且最通常为氢。在本文中使用的术语“低碳数烷基”是指具有1-5个碳原子的烷基。
该SDA阳离子与可为对SSZ-25的形成没有损害的任何阴离子的阴离子缔合。代表性阴离子包括卤素(例如,氟离子、氯离子、溴离子和碘离子)、氢氧化根、乙酸根、硫酸根、四氟硼酸根、羧酸根等。所述SDA可用于提供氢氧根离子。因此,其可有益于离子交换,例如卤离子与氢氧根离子交换。
一般来说,SSZ-25通过在存在氢氧根离子下使以下物质接触来制备:(1)选自氧化硅、氧化锗及其混合物的氧化物;(2)选自氧化铝、氧化镓、氧化铁、氧化硼及其混合物的氧化物;(3)选自N,N,N-三烷基-1-金刚烷铵和N,N,N-三烷基-2-金刚烷铵阳离子的结构导向剂。
SSZ-25由包含按摩尔比计的以下物质的反应混合物制备:
典型的 | 例示性的 | |
YO2/X2O3 | 20至200 | 30至100 |
OH-/YO2 | 0.10至1.0 | 0.20至0.40 |
Q/YO2 | 0.15至0.50 | 0.15至0.30 |
M+/YO2 | 0.05至0.30 | 0.15至0.30 |
H2O/YO2 | 20至300 | 35至60 |
Z/YO2 | 0至1.0 | 0.20至0.40 |
其中Y选自硅、锗及其混合物;X选自铝、镓、铁、硼及其混合物;Q为选自N,N,N-三烷基-1-金刚烷铵和N,N,N-三烷基-2-金刚烷铵阳离子的结构导向剂;M为诸如钠或钾的碱金属;且Z为包括至少一种选自具有1-8个碳原子的胺的胺、氢氧化铵及其混合物的胺组分。
充当所采用的金刚烷季铵阳离子的来源的有机金刚烷化合物可提供氢氧根离子。当使用所述金刚烷季铵氢氧化物作为模板时,已经发现在相对于碱金属氢氧化物的量存在过量的所述金刚烷季铵氢氧化物化合物时且在OH-/SiO2摩尔比大于0.40,因此M+/SiO2摩尔比将小于0.20时,可制备较纯净形式的SSZ-25。
氧化铝的典型来源包括铝酸盐、氧化铝和铝化合物如AlCl3、Al2(SO4)3、Al(OH)3、高岭粘土及其他沸石。氧化铝的来源的实例有LZ-210沸石(一类Y沸石)。
氧化硅的典型来源包括硅酸盐、氧化硅水凝胶、硅酸、胶体氧化硅、热解法二氧化硅、四烷基正硅酸盐和氧化硅氢氧化物。镓、铁、硼和锗可以与其铝和硅对应物相当的形式加入。盐(尤其是碱金属卤化物如氯化钠)可加入反应混合物中或在反应混合物中形成。
所述反应混合物可任选包含包括至少一种选自具有1-8个碳原子的胺的胺、氢氧化铵及其混合物的胺组分(Z)。这些胺的非限制性实例包括异丙胺、异丁胺、正丁胺、哌啶、4-甲基哌啶、环己胺、叔辛胺、环戊胺及其混合物。使用这些胺可容许所使用的结构导向剂的量减少,带来显著的成本节约。通过使用所述胺组分,可将结构导向剂的量减少到低于填充分子筛的微孔体积所需要的水平,即该量小于在缺乏所述胺组分的情况下使分子筛结晶所需要的量。另外,在与晶种组合使用时,使用所述胺组分可促进晶体更快地生长。使用胺组分制备SSZ-25的方法公开在美国专利5,785,947号中。
在实践中,SSZ-25通过包括以下步骤的方法制备:(a)制备包含以下物质的水溶液:(1)选自氧化硅、氧化锗及其混合物的氧化物、(2)选自氧化铝、氧化镓、氧化铁、氧化硼及其混合物的氧化物、(3)选自具有对SSZ-25的形成没有损害的阴离子抗衡离子的N,N,N-三烷基-1-金刚烷铵和N,N,N-三烷基-2-金刚烷铵阳离子的结构导向剂和(4)碱金属阳离子;(b)维持所述水溶液处于足以形成SSZ-25晶体的条件下;和(c)回收所述SSZ-25晶体。
将所述反应混合物维持在高温下,直至形成SSZ-25的晶体。水热结晶通常在自生压力下在100℃和200℃之间、通常在135℃和180℃之间的温度下进行。结晶期通常大于1天且通常为约5天-约10天。所述分子筛可使用温和搅拌或搅动制备。
在所述水热结晶步骤期间,可允许所述SSZ-25晶体由所述反应混合物自发地成核。使用SSZ-25晶体作为晶种材料在减少实现结晶发生所需要的时间方面可为有利的。另外,相对于任何不希望有的相,播种可使得通过促进SSZ-25成核和/或形成而获得的产物的纯度增加。当作为晶种使用时,SSZ-25以占在所述反应混合物中使用的选自氧化硅、氧化锗及其混合物的氧化物的0.1重量%和10重量%之间的量加入。
一旦形成了分子筛晶体,就通过标准的机械分离技术如过滤将固体产物从所述反应混合物中分离。将晶体水洗且随后例如在90℃-150℃下干燥8-24小时,以获得原样合成的SSZ-25晶体。所述干燥步骤可在大气压力下或在真空下进行。
原样合成(即,在从SSZ-25中除去SDA之前)且以无水状态的SSZ-25具有包含以下物质(按摩尔比计)的组成:(0.1至2)Q:(0至1.0)Z:(0.1至2.0)M:X2O3:(20至200)YO2,其中Q为选自N,N,N-三烷基-1-金刚烷铵和N,N,N-三烷基-2-金刚烷铵阳离子的结构导向剂;Z为包括至少一种选自具有1-8个碳原子的胺的胺、氢氧化铵及其混合物的胺组分;M为碱金属阳离子;X选自铝、镓、铁、硼及其混合物;且Y选自硅、锗及其混合物。在制备时,YO2:X2O3摩尔比通常在30至约100范围内。在一个实施方案中,SSZ-25为硅酸铝,其中X为铝且Y为硅。
SSZ-25可通过其X-射线衍射图表征。原样合成的SSZ-25具有其X-射线粉末衍射图表现出在表1中所示的特征谱线的结晶结构。
表1
原样合成的SSZ-25
(a)±0.20
(b)X射线图基于相对强度标度,其中在该X射线图中最强谱线分配100的数值:W(弱)小于20;M(中等)在20和40之间;S(强)在40和60之间;VS(非常强)大于60。
结晶SSZ-25可以原样合成的形式使用,但优选将被热处理(煅烧)。通常,希望通过离子交换除去碱金属阳离子(如果有的话)并用氢、铵或任何希望的金属离子置换来它。
在煅烧之后,SSZ-25的X-射线粉末衍射图表现出在下表2中所示的特征谱线。
表2
煅烧的SSZ-25
(a)±0.20
(b)X射线图案基于相对强度标度,其中在X射线图中的最强谱线分配100的数值:W(弱)小于20;M(中等)在20和40之间;S(强)在40和60之间;VS(非常强)大于60。
X-射线粉末衍射图通过标准技术测定。辐射为CuKα辐射。作为2θ函数的峰值高度和位置由峰值的相对强度读出,其中θ为布拉格角(Bragg angle),且可计算d,即对应于所记录的谱线的晶面间距(纳米)。
由于仪表误差和在各个样品之间的不同引起的散射角(2θ)测量的变化估计为±0.20度。与“原样合成的”材料的图案相比,煅烧可引起峰值强度改变,以及衍射图的位移。
SSZ-25可成形为各种物理形状。一般来说,分子筛可为粉末、颗粒或成品产物形式,诸如具有足以穿过2-目(Tyler)筛并保留在400-目(Tyler)筛上的粒度的挤出物。在催化剂诸如通过与有机粘合剂一起挤出成型的情况下,可将SSZ-25挤出,之后干燥,或者可将SSZ-25干燥或部分干燥且随后挤出。
SSZ-25可与耐受在转化工艺中采用的温度和其他条件的其他材料复合。这种基质材料包括活性和非活性材料及合成或天然存在的沸石以及无机材料如粘土、氧化硅和金属氧化物。所述材料和可使用它们的方式的实例公开在美国专利4,910,006号和美国专利5,316,753号中。
SSZ-25可用于催化还原气流中的氮氧化物。通常,所述气流还含有常常化学计量过量的氧气。并且,所述分子筛可在其内或在其上含有能够催化所述氮氧化物的还原的金属或金属离子。所述金属或金属离子的实例包括钴、铜、铂、铁、铬、锰、镍、锌、镧、钯、铑及其混合物。
在沸石存在下催化还原氮氧化物的这种方法的一个实例公开在美国专利4,297,328号中。在此,该催化方法为燃烧一氧化碳和烃并催化还原包含在气流如来自内燃机的排出气体中的氮氧化物。所使用的沸石为充分金属离子交换、掺杂或负载的,以在所述沸石内或所述沸石上提供有效量的催化的铜金属或铜离子。另外,所述方法在过量的氧化剂如氧气中进行。
实施例
给出以下实施例来说明本发明。然而,应该理解本发明不限于在这些实施例中所描述的具体条件或细节。
实施例1
SSZ-25的合成
将4.5克根据美国专利5,202,014号的实施例2制备的N,N,N-三甲基-2-金刚烷氢氧化铵的0.67M溶液与6mL水和0.103g KOH(固体)混合。在溶解之后,在使用磁力搅拌棒搅拌的情况下加入2.36gAS-30胶体氧化硅(30%SiO2)。最后加入0.78g Nalco1SJ612硅石上氧化铝(30%固体,总共4%Al2O3)。将反应物装载到Parr4745反应器中,密封并装载到在Blue M烘箱中的旋转罩(rotating spit)上。将反应器在30rpm下旋转,同时在175℃下加热10天。产物(在过滤、用蒸馏水洗涤且在空气中干燥并且随后在100℃下干燥之后)为称为SSZ-25的结晶材料。
实施例2
SSZ-25的煅烧
将来自实施例1的材料在马弗炉中经7小时的时间在稳定增加的速率下从室温加热到540℃。将样品在540℃下维持4小时以上且随后历时另外4小时处理到600℃。在加热期间使空气和氮气的50/50混合物以20标准立方英尺/分钟的速率穿过分子筛。
对于本说明书和附加权利要求书的目的,除非另为陈述,否则应理解所有表述量、百分数或比例的数字及在本说明书和附加权利要求书中使用的其他数值在所有情况下都由术语“约”修饰。因此,除非指出相反情况,否则以下说明书和随附权利要求书中陈述的数值参数都是近似值,其可以根据设法通过本发明获得的所要性质而改变。应该注意到,如在本说明书和随附权利要求书中所使用,除非明确且肯定地局限于一个/种对象,否则单数形式“一”和“该”包括多个/种对象。在本文中所使用的术语“包括”及其语法变体意图为非限制性的,使得对在清单中的各项的叙述并不排除可取代所列项或加到所列项中的其他类似项。在本文中所使用的术语“包含”是指包括在该术语之后识别的元件或步骤,但并未穷举所有这样的元件或步骤,且一个实施方案可包括其他元件或步骤。
此撰写的说明书使用实施例来公开本发明(包括最佳方式)以及使得任何本领域的技术人员能够获得并使用本发明。本发明的可取得专利权的范围由权利要求书限定,且可包括本领域技术人员能想到的其他实施例。如果这类其他实施例具有没有不同于权利要求书的文字语言的结构要素,或者如果它们包括具有与权利要求书的文字语言没有实质差别的等效结构要素,则这些实施例意图在权利要求书的范围内。对于与其不一致的程度,本文提到的所有引文都通过引用的方式结合到本文中。
Claims (6)
1.还原气流中所包含的氮氧化物的方法,其中所述方法包括使所述气流与结晶分子筛接触,所述结晶分子筛具有大于约20:1的选自氧化硅、氧化锗及其混合物的氧化物与选自氧化铝、氧化镓、氧化铁、氧化硼及其混合物的氧化物的摩尔比且在煅烧后具有表2的X-射线衍射谱线。
2.权利要求1的方法,其在氧气存在下进行。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述分子筛含有能够催化所述氮氧化物的还原的金属或金属离子。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中所述金属为钴、铜、铂、铁、铬、锰、镍、锌、镧、钯、铑或其混合物。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述气流为内燃机的排出流。
6.权利要求4的方法,其中所述气流为内燃机的排出流。
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US13/198,996 | 2011-08-05 | ||
PCT/US2012/031955 WO2013022496A1 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2012-04-03 | Reduction of oxides of nitrogen in a gas stream using molecular sieve ssz-25 |
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CN201280045303.4A Pending CN103796736A (zh) | 2011-08-05 | 2012-04-03 | 使用分子筛ssz-25还原气流中的氮氧化物 |
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US (1) | US8697018B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2739376A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5795438B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20140064834A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103796736A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2012294895A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112014002653A8 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2843601A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2014001310A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013022496A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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KR102338494B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-11 | 2021-12-14 | 셰브런 유.에스.에이.인크. | 분자체 ssz-83의 합성 |
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NZ218939A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1989-11-28 | Chevron Res | Zeolite ssz-25; mole ratio of sio 2 or geo 2 to other framework oxides greater than 20 to 1 |
US5202014A (en) | 1986-01-29 | 1993-04-13 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Zeolite SSZ-25 |
US4826667A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1989-05-02 | Chevron Research Company | Zeolite SSZ-25 |
US4910006A (en) | 1988-03-23 | 1990-03-20 | Chevron Research Company | Zeolite SSZ-26 |
US5785947A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1998-07-28 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Preparation of zeolites using organic template and amine |
US5316753A (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1994-05-31 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Zeolite SSZ-35 |
RU2140394C1 (ru) * | 1995-03-17 | 1999-10-27 | Шеврон Ю.Эс.Эй.Инк. | Получение цеолитов с использованием органического калибра и амина |
JP4241068B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-07 | 2009-03-18 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Mww型ゼオライト物質の製造方法 |
EP1838420B1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2021-02-17 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Boron-containing molecular sieve cha |
US7749471B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2010-07-06 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Reduction of oxides of nitrogen in a gas stream using boron-containing molecular sieve CHA |
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DE102006043104A1 (de) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-07-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Abgasreinigungsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
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BRPI0619944B8 (pt) * | 2005-12-14 | 2018-03-20 | Basf Catalysts Llc | método para preparar um catalisador de zeólito promovido por metal, catalisador de zeólito, e, método para reduzir nox em uma corrente de gás de exaustão ou gás combustível |
US7357904B2 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2008-04-15 | Chevron Corporation | Reduction of oxides of nitrogen in a gas stream using molecular sieve SSZ-74 |
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2011
- 2011-08-05 US US13/198,996 patent/US8697018B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-04-03 MX MX2014001310A patent/MX2014001310A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-03 BR BR112014002653A patent/BR112014002653A8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-04-03 JP JP2014523921A patent/JP5795438B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-04-03 EP EP12822690.9A patent/EP2739376A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-04-03 AU AU2012294895A patent/AU2012294895A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-04-03 CN CN201280045303.4A patent/CN103796736A/zh active Pending
- 2012-04-03 WO PCT/US2012/031955 patent/WO2013022496A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-03 CA CA2843601A patent/CA2843601A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-04-03 KR KR1020147005893A patent/KR20140064834A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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WO1992022498A1 (en) * | 1991-06-19 | 1992-12-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Synthetic crystalline zeolite, its synthesis and use |
CN1124973A (zh) * | 1993-04-26 | 1996-06-19 | 美孚石油公司 | 合成多层材料mcm-56,它的合成方法及它的用途 |
WO1999030816A1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-06-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions with mcm-49 and mcm-56 |
CN1616350A (zh) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种后补铝合成高硅mww分子筛的方法 |
Also Published As
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AU2012294895A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
JP5795438B2 (ja) | 2015-10-14 |
EP2739376A4 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
CA2843601A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
KR20140064834A (ko) | 2014-05-28 |
JP2014531297A (ja) | 2014-11-27 |
WO2013022496A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
BR112014002653A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
US8697018B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 |
US20130034483A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
EP2739376A1 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
BR112014002653A8 (pt) | 2017-06-20 |
MX2014001310A (es) | 2014-04-14 |
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