CN103782805A - Scion grafting method for ornamental peach tree - Google Patents
Scion grafting method for ornamental peach tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782805A CN103782805A CN201310062671.6A CN201310062671A CN103782805A CN 103782805 A CN103782805 A CN 103782805A CN 201310062671 A CN201310062671 A CN 201310062671A CN 103782805 A CN103782805 A CN 103782805A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scion grafting method for an ornamental peach tree, relates to a tree grafting method in landscape gardening and belongs to the field of gardening technology. The scion grafting method is characterized by including selecting seedling white peach or sky-drilling peach seedlings which are healthful and strong in growing, good in stem form and free of plant diseases and pest insects and are 2-4 years old as stocks; adopting good-variety branches or buds of ornamental peach as scions, soaking cut scions in a carboxymethyl chitosan solution of 2%, and performing conventional grafting. The scion grafting method has the advantages that the scions used for grafting are treated by the carboxymethyl chitosan solution before being stored, and the crosslinked chitosan solution has good preservative and antiseptic effect, so that preservative effect of the scions is greatly improved, scion activity maintaining is facilitated, and the scions after being stored have high activity; in the scion grafting method, an angle of 15 degrees is formed between sections of the stocks and stems during stock cutting, so that separation of a skin layer and a woody portion is facilitated, and grafting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tree grafting method in gardens, gardening, belong to gardens technology field, is a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach specifically.
Background technology
It is main purpose kind that ornamental peaches refers to view and admire flower, be called again Hua Tao, existing more than 300 the ornamental peaches kinds of China, are broadly divided into 12 types such as the white peach of single-lobe, the white peach of thousand lobes, flowering peach, deep red peach, safflower flowering peach, thousand lobe flowering peach, red peach, life peach, purple leaf peach, weeping branch peach, tower flowering peach and Prunus persica f. densa.Potted plant peach has the effect of ornamental value, fruit trial test etc., is the combination that horticultural gardening and potted landscape are viewed and admired, and has higher ornamental value.
Ornamental peaches breeding adopts grafting method mostly, and conventional grafting method has: ' T ' the font bud grafting in cleft grafting, cut-grafting and rind graft method and bud grafting in scion grafting and peltate are pasted bud method.All there are some problems in these methods, directly has influence on the later tree crown amount of growth of graft survival rate and grafting efficiency and grafting.
Wherein, cleft grafting and cut-grafting method, because peach is easy to peel off with xylem at season of growth phloem, in addition the scion scale of construction is less, so in the time that scion is inserted to the otch of stock, the cortex in scion is easy to peel off or distortion, thereby it is formed to layer damages, also while making grafting, the formation layer of stock and the formation layer of scion are difficult to aim at and connect airtight simultaneously, therefore the graft survival rate of these class methods is difficult to assurance, grafting efficiency is not high yet; ' T ' font bud grafting and peltate are pasted bud method, because the above all kinds of sprigs of viewing and admiring peach are thin, eye is little, so the speed of cutting while getting bud sheet is just very slow, cut the bud sheet of getting also very little, and that little bud sheet is easy to dehydration is withered, so grafting efficiency and graft survival rate are not high; Traditional crown grafting is the long bevel of cutting out long 2～3cm in scion bottom, be whittled into the short bevel of 1cm left and right at the back side of long bevel, then pinch out cortex, even if xylem separates with cortex, by inside long the scion of cutting bevel, to be close to xylem and to insert in the bag forming, this grafting method has solved the low problem of grafting efficiency that several grafting method exist preferably above, also have some improvement to forming the little problem of layer contact-making surface, but still have the inadequate problem of formation layer contact-making surface.
Because in the time that the movable animated period of formation in spring layer peeled off bark, nearly all formation layer region is all in the bark inner side stripping down, and only remaining prematurity xylem and an a small amount of formation layer sexual cell of xylem on trunk.When the outside grafting of inside, the short bevel of long bevel, the formation layer of scion and stock does not just reach desirable contact-making surface yet.The speed of the latter two callus of grafting and conjugation are just good not.
In addition, when grafting, the vigor of scion is one of the key factor that determines graft survival rate, because all kinds of annual sprigs of viewing and admiring peach are thin above, eye is little, be difficult for storage, while adopting cold cellar for storing things or refrigerator directly to store, scion is perishable in storage, and vigor cannot be guaranteed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach, it is simple for process, has significantly improved grafting efficiency and graft survival rate, and the peach of viewing and admiring after grafting grows rapidly, and moulding is fast.
For achieving the above object, a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach of the present invention, is characterized in that:
One, stock select robust growth, form good, without the white peach of growing directly from seeds of damage by disease and insect or bore a day peach nursery stock and do stock, seedling age is 2～4 years; Adopt branch or the bud of ornamental peaches improved seeds, the scion of spring grafting, clip before germinateing to Second Year after upper 1 year autumn, elite stand stopped growing fallen leaves;
Two,, before early spring, peach sprouted, cut scion with secateurs from plant according to above-mentioned steps; The scion of cutting is soaked 1min in 2% carboxymethyl chitosan sugar juice, after taking-up, dries indoor, and the time is 1～2 day;
Three, stock processing: stock is filled with to vola water treatment before grafting, the processing time is that grafting is carried out for first 2 weeks, while making grafting, the relative water content of soil maintains 70～80% and is advisable; The processing of scion: grafting is taken out the scion of storage or scion in first 2 days, with moistening straw or burlap covering moisturizing, is placed under room temperature condition and activates, and it is carried out to vigor evaluation simultaneously, rejects and there is no vigor or the low scion of vigor or scion;
Four, prepare the position of grafting at stock sawed-off or cut off stock, section will become with limb 15 ° of angles, high-end towards the level and smooth side of bark, scabbles crops for rotation with grafting knife; After activation, the middle and upper part of scion is about 5～6cm by secateurs clip length, has the scion of 2～3 full harmless leaf buds and has a terminal bud; After the scion activation of cold compartment of refrigerator storage through identifying great-hearted can directly use;
Five, conventional grafting, bondage grafting;
Six, conventional field maintenance.
The described scion by through 2% carboxymethyl chitosan sugar solution treatment and after drying adopts cold cellar for storing things storage at once, or adopts cold compartment of refrigerator storage after scion is cut into scion.
The vigor of described scion identifies that criterion is: flexible, color is partially dark green for there being vigor, go mouldy, dry up, brown stain for not having vigor or vigor low.
Being treated to of described scion: cut respectively on the back of the body abdomen two sides of scion lower end the inclined-plane that length is 2～2.5cm with single-edge blade, make scion lower end be upper thick and lower thin wedge shape.
A kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach of the present invention, its beneficial effect is: the present invention views and admires peach grafting scion used and used carboxymethyl chitosan sugar solution treatment before storage, because the poly-solution of crosslinked shell has good fresh-keeping, bactericidal action, this has improved the fresh-keeping effect of scion greatly, more be conducive to the maintenance of scion activity, the scion after storage has higher activity; While cutting stock in grafting method, the section of stock becomes 15 ° of angles with limb, is more conducive to separating of cortex and xylem, has improved the efficiency of grafting; The present invention views and admires peach grafting method, cutting while getting scion, two faces are long bevel, this has significantly increased stock and the cambial contact area of scion, be conducive to the generation of grafting part callus, accelerated the connection speed of scion and stock, the conjugation of the two also significantly improves, therefore after grafting survival, the combination of stock and scion is more firm; Because the speed of the method grafting is fast, efficiency is high, it is low that stock and scion little moisture loss, otch are oxidized brownization degree again, so can greatly improve graft survival rate, survival rate reaches more than 95%.
Embodiment
Following examples are that the present invention further goes out to set forth.
Embodiment 1
One, stock select robust growth, form good, do stock without the white peach nursery stock of growing directly from seeds of damage by disease and insect, seedling age is 2 years; Adopt branch or the bud of ornamental peaches improved seeds, the scion of spring grafting, clip before germinateing to Second Year after upper 1 year autumn, elite stand stopped growing fallen leaves;
Two,, in mid or late January, cut scion with secateurs from plant according to above-mentioned steps; The scion of cutting is soaked 1min in 2% carboxymethyl chitosan sugar juice, after taking-up, dries indoor, and the time is 1 day;
Three, stock processing: before grafting, stock is filled with to vola water treatment, the processing time is that grafting is carried out for first 2 weeks, and while making grafting, the relative water content of soil maintains 70%; The processing of scion: grafting is taken out the scion of storage or scion in first 2 days, with moistening straw or burlap covering moisturizing, is placed under room temperature condition and activates, and it is carried out to vigor evaluation simultaneously, rejects and there is no vigor or the low scion of vigor or scion;
Four, prepare the position of grafting at stock sawed-off or cut off stock, section will become with limb 15 ° of angles, high-end towards the level and smooth side of bark, scabbles crops for rotation with grafting knife; After activation, the middle and upper part of scion is about 5cm by secateurs clip length, has the scion of 2 full harmless leaf buds and has a terminal bud; After the scion activation of cold compartment of refrigerator storage through identifying great-hearted can directly use; Refrigeration is in 4 ℃ of cold cellars for storing things, first to spread the sterile moistening clean river sand of thick layer 5cm, lay one deck scion thereon, in scion, repave again the sterile moistening clean river sand of one deck 5cm, on it, repave one deck scion, the like, be advisable with interior with 10 layers, finally at the sterile moistening clean river sand of the superiors' lid layer;
Five, conventional grafting, bondage grafting; In the high-end one side of cutting the stock after cutting, refer to pinch stock cortex with forefinger with mother, it is separated with xylem, and form an aperture, by the scion of cutting after cutting, insert along aperture, when grafting fringe, to accomplish that stock cortex does not break.And then with nylon strip or the plastic strip of wide 4cm, grafting part and the binding of stock section are tightened, connected airtight to keep cambial, then put 15cm × 25cm compared with the transparent plastic bag of hard, prevent moisture evaporation;
Six, timely irrigation fertilization after grafting, every mu can impose urea 30Kg, diammonium phosphate 30Kg, to promote stock ramp, accelerating interface heals early, new plant moulding early, within after grafting 7 days, just can observe it and survive situation, scion viridescent, bud bulging is and survives, the germination and growth of buddering as seen for 15 days, when scion bud grows to 2cm, pluck a bag hardening, plucking bag time should be chosen in the cloudy day or carry out at dusk time, calculate its survival rate simultaneously, pluck bag rear attention control aphid young shoot of causing harm, the tender tip, be in time the control of spraying of 0.04% omethoate emulsifiable solution by concentration expressed in percentage by volume, in the time that scion branch grows to 10cm, solution removes to bundle nylon strip or the plastic strip of scion in time, during this period, to erase in time the rudiment on stock, remove root turion bar.
Embodiment 2
One, stock select robust growth, form good, do stock without the brill sky peach nursery stock of damage by disease and insect, seedling age is 4 years; Adopt branch or the bud of ornamental peaches improved seeds, the scion of spring grafting, clip before germinateing to Second Year after upper 1 year autumn, elite stand stopped growing fallen leaves;
Two,, in mid or late January, cut scion with secateurs from plant according to above-mentioned steps; The scion of cutting is soaked 1min in 2% carboxymethyl chitosan sugar juice, after taking-up, dries indoor, and the time is 2 days;
Three, stock processing: before grafting, stock is filled with to vola water treatment, the processing time is that grafting is carried out for first 2 weeks, and while making grafting, the relative water content of soil maintains 80%; The processing of scion: grafting is taken out the scion of storage or scion in first 2 days, with moistening straw or burlap covering moisturizing, is placed under room temperature condition and activates, and it is carried out to vigor evaluation simultaneously, rejects and there is no vigor or the low scion of vigor or scion;
Four, prepare the position of grafting at stock sawed-off or cut off stock, section will become with limb 15 ° of angles, high-end towards the level and smooth side of bark, scabbles crops for rotation with grafting knife; After activation, the middle and upper part of scion is about 5cm by secateurs clip length, has the scion of 2 full harmless leaf buds and has a terminal bud; After the scion activation of cold compartment of refrigerator storage through identifying great-hearted can directly use; Refrigeration is in 5 ℃ of cold cellars for storing things, first to spread the sterile moistening clean river sand of thick layer 5cm, lay one deck scion thereon, in scion, repave again the sterile moistening clean river sand of one deck 5cm, on it, repave one deck scion, the like, be advisable with interior with 10 layers, finally at the sterile moistening clean river sand of the superiors' lid layer;
Five, conventional grafting, bondage grafting; In the high-end one side of cutting the stock after cutting, refer to pinch stock cortex with forefinger with mother, it is separated with xylem, and form an aperture, by the scion of cutting after cutting, insert along aperture, when grafting fringe, to accomplish that stock cortex does not break.And then with nylon strip or the plastic strip of wide 4cm, grafting part and the binding of stock section are tightened, connected airtight to keep cambial, then put 15cm × 25cm compared with the transparent plastic bag of hard, prevent moisture evaporation;
Six, timely irrigation fertilization after grafting, every mu can impose urea 30Kg, diammonium phosphate 30Kg, to promote stock ramp, accelerating interface heals early, new plant moulding early, within after grafting 7 days, just can observe it and survive situation, scion viridescent, bud bulging is and survives, the germination and growth of buddering as seen for 15 days, when scion bud grows to 2cm, pluck a bag hardening, plucking bag time should be chosen in the cloudy day or carry out at dusk time, calculate its survival rate simultaneously, pluck bag rear attention control aphid young shoot of causing harm, the tender tip, be in time the control of spraying of 0.04% omethoate emulsifiable solution by concentration expressed in percentage by volume, in the time that scion branch grows to 10cm, solution removes to bundle nylon strip or the plastic strip of scion in time, during this period, to erase in time the rudiment on stock, remove root turion bar.
Claims (6)
1. a stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach, is characterized in that: stock select robust growth, form good, without the white peach of growing directly from seeds of damage by disease and insect or bore a day peach nursery stock and do stock, seedling age is 2～4 years; Adopt branch or the bud of ornamental peaches improved seeds, the scion of spring grafting, clip before germinateing to Second Year after upper 1 year autumn, elite stand stopped growing fallen leaves; Conventional grafting.
2. a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the scion processing method cut be: in 2% carboxymethyl chitosan sugar juice, soak 1min, after taking-up, dry indoor, the time is 1～2 day.
3. a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: before described grafting, stock is filled with to vola water treatment, the processing time is that grafting is carried out for first 2 weeks, and while making grafting, the relative water content of soil maintains 70～80%.
4. a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described scion through 2% carboxymethyl chitosan sugar solution treatment and after drying is adopted to cold cellar for storing things storage at once, or adopt cold compartment of refrigerator storage after scion is cut into scion.
5. a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the vigor of described scion identifies that criterion is: flexible, color is partially dark green for there being vigor, go mouldy, dry up, brown stain for not having vigor or vigor low.
6. a kind of stem grafting method of viewing and admiring peach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described stock section will become with limb 15 ° of angles; Being treated to of described scion: cut respectively on the back of the body abdomen two sides of scion lower end the inclined-plane that length is 2～2.5cm with single-edge blade, make scion lower end be upper thick and lower thin wedge shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310062671.6A CN103782805A (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2013-02-28 | Scion grafting method for ornamental peach tree |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108811837A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-16 | 王秋红 | The method of ornamental peaches is grafted in a kind of landscape engineering |
| CN110366970A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-25 | 盐津黄兴农业有限公司 | A method of it grafts with wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis to solve Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
| CN111758407A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 陈璞 | Peach seedling grafting method based on grafting technology |
-
2013
- 2013-02-28 CN CN201310062671.6A patent/CN103782805A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108811837A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-16 | 王秋红 | The method of ornamental peaches is grafted in a kind of landscape engineering |
| CN110366970A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-25 | 盐津黄兴农业有限公司 | A method of it grafts with wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis to solve Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
| CN111758407A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 陈璞 | Peach seedling grafting method based on grafting technology |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |