CN103718803B - A kind of chitin promotes the method that vegetable seedling is taken root - Google Patents
A kind of chitin promotes the method that vegetable seedling is taken root Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of chitin and promote the method that green vegetables seedling takes root, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise the following steps: 1) take chitin powder 5-10 by weight, preparation chitosan content is the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer of 30-40 grams per liter, for subsequent use; 2) step 1 is got) the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% that obtains dilutes 700-800 doubly, and the root of green vegetables seedling is dipped in chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer dilution, soaks 0.3-1h; 3) green vegetables seedling is carried out organic ecological soilless culture, until leaf vegetables grow 5-6 sheet true leaf or melon grow 2-4 sheet true leaf time, then by step 1) chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% dilution 500-700 doubly, root is drenched and executes.The present invention uses chitin to promote the rooting rate of green vegetables seedling fast, shortens seedling-slowing stage, and all use natural organic fertilizer material between planting season, the vegetable pesticide residue rate obtained is low, realizes the standard of green vegetables simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method promoting seedling to take root, particularly relate to a kind of chitin and promote the method that green vegetables seedling takes root.
Background technology
Chitin has another name called chitin, chitin, chitin, chitin, chitin, chemical name is β-(1,4)-2-acetylaminohydroxyphenylarsonic acid 2-deoxy-D-glucose, it is a kind of natural polysaccharide, be the uniquely positively charged natural polymers of current occurring in nature, belong to straight chain glycosaminoglycan.The cellulose extensively existed in the plant of chitin molecule chemical constitution territory is closely similar, hydroxyl on the cellulosic individual molecule-glucose molecule of composition second carbon atom is changed into acetylamino or amino, such cellulose just becomes chitin, therefore, chitin is alternatively animal fiber.Chitin is widespread in nature in the organism such as shell of higher fungi class, a joint animal shrimp, crab, insect.Due to large intermolecular strong hydrogen bond action, the chitin crystal structure causing natural world to exist is firm, generally non-fusible, also water insoluble, soda acid and general organic solvent, chemical property is highly stable, applies limited, only has the chitin ability extensive use after processing.In recent years, chitin is more and more extensive in application agriculturally, because chitin fertilizer has some physiologically actives that conventional fertilizers does not have, remarkably productive and enjoy high praise in actual production.
Chitin and vegetables in close relations, vegetables growth, obtain in the puberty chitin number, directly have influence on the seed output and quality of vegetables.The approach obtaining chitin occurring in nature vegetables is single, the chitin of the direct contact site with insect can only be relied on to decompose and absorb, or obtain chitin from the thalline of the insect remains be decomposed by the microorganisms soil, fungi self-dissolving.But, along with farmland use chemical fertilizer in a large number, agricultural chemicals makes the insect numbers in farmland greatly reduce, the microbial ecological balance in soil is broken, and causes shortage chitin in various degree in soil.In addition, the popularization of greenhouse gardening, cultivation technique without soil makes insect and vegetables isolate, and has cut off the approach that vegetables obtain chitin, has caused chitin to lack.In growing vegetables process, during Seeding planting, because of through transplanting, after environment change, needing a process again adapting to or recover, being referred to as slow seedling.Primary growth root system during this, acrial part performance is not obvious.In order to promote that seedling spends seedling-slowing stage better faster, for plant can have good growing way and acquisition high yield to lay a good foundation from now on, and sometimes setting date can run into day after day the cloudy day cause plant not take root or root development bad etc., the present invention uses chitin to improve soil, culture fertility, improves plant recovery of nutrient in soil, adjustment soil microflora, there is good taking root and protect root effect, remove the problem that root growth is bad.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, in order to solve above-mentioned Problems existing, provides a kind of chitin to promote the method that seedling takes root, and helps the quick long root of seedling to take root, shortens the seedling-slowing stage of seedling.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of chitin promotes to it is characterized in that the method that green vegetables seedling takes root, mainly comprise the following steps:
1) take chitin powder 5-10 by weight, the ash aqueous solution and the people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed urinate dissolving, and preparation chitosan content is the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer of 30-40 grams per liter, for subsequent use;
2) step 1 is got) the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% that obtains dilutes 700-800 doubly, and then the root of green vegetables seedling is dipped in chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer dilution, soaks 0.3-1h;
3) green vegetables seedling is carried out organic ecological soilless culture, until leaf vegetables grow 5-6 sheet true leaf or melon grow 2-4 sheet true leaf time, then by step 1) chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% dilution 500-700 doubly, root is drenched and executes, drenched once at interval of 5-9 days, continuous 2-5 time; Run into rainy weather, after 3-5 days, again can carry out pouring to root again and execute.
Preferably, step 1) described in the part by weight urinate of the ash aqueous solution and people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed be 1: 1, wherein ash concentration of aqueous solution is 1mol/L, and the concentration that people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed urinate is 1mol/L.The synergy of mainly urinating with the ash aqueous solution and people and animals accelerates the dissolving of chitin, and obtains the chitosan of high level, adds the fertilizer efficiency of chitin.Decrease the consumption of alkali simultaneously, decrease the pollution of environment.
Preferably, described organic ecological soilless culture is to be mixed with the well-rotted farmyard manure of chitin powder as base manure.After vegetables enter setting date, seedling root development is normal, is added with the base manure of chitin, has and well protects root effect, effectively prevent rhizome from suffering the destruction of disease worm.
Preferably, the matrix of described ecological organic soilless culture is that effluent sand mixes with wooden chaff 1: 1.River sand compacts, and wooden chaff is soft, and both combine the water content effectively controlling matrix, and moisture can not be too much or very few.
Preferably, the extracting method of chitin powder is:
1) chitin raw material is cleaned, puts in Bulking tank and carry out pretreatment 0.5-2h,
2) raw material added in citric acid carry out ultrasonic oscillation 3-5h,
3) and then by raw material add in liquor potassic permanganate and stir and be heated to 50-60 DEG C, reaction 3-5h,
4) add in nitric acid by raw material, reaction 1-2h, cleans 5-6 time repeatedly with clear water,
5) put into baking oven to dry, temperature is 80-100 DEG C; Finally pulverize with cracker, the chitin powder of gained is 80-100 order.
Preferably, all with clear water, chitin raw material is cleaned 5-6 time repeatedly before often carrying out next step.
Preferably, described step 1) in the pressure of Bulking tank be 0.3-0.8MPa temperature be 50-70 DEG C, the expanded time is 1-2h.
Preferably, described step 2) in the concentration of citric acid be 0.8mol/L, ultrasonic frequency is adjusted to 50-80KHz, and the reaction time is 0.5-2h.
Preferably, described step 3) in the concentration of potassium permanganate be 2mol/L, be 2-4: 1 with the weight ratio of raw material.
Preferably, described step 4) in the concentration of nitric acid be 1mol/L, be 2-5: 1 with the weight ratio of raw material.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings has: first soak with chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer before 1, transplanting, and promotes that root is to the absorption of chitin, when can Rapid Rooting after sprigging, and quick Adaptable growth environment; If do not soak chitin organic water soluble fertilizer before sprigging, the seedling root development entering seedling-slowing stage is incomplete, and the infringement suffering disease worm and the probability infecting various disease are than soaking the much bigger of chitin; 2, in conjunction with organic ecological soilless culture, can provide balanced nutrition, the seedling being more conducive to seedling-slowing stage comparatively fast obtains nutrient.3, setting date makes to be converted by chitin in Liquid organic fertilizer, for vegetables provide chitin endlessly, strengthens plant and inhales fertilizer, water suction, drought resisting, ability resistant to lodging, develop immunitypty, robust plant high yield.4, adopt extrusion pretreatment is carried out to raw material, reduce the compactness of this body structure of raw material, increase the reactivity of raw material, decrease the reaction time of subsequent step.And adopt the mineral salt in citric acid removing raw material, adopt machinery concussion except deproteinize, avoid use concentrated acid concentrated base to the pollution of environment.
The present invention uses chitin can promote the rooting rate of green vegetables seedling fast, shortens seedling-slowing stage, and all use natural organic fertilizer material between planting season, the vegetable pesticide residue rate obtained is low, realizes the standard of green vegetables simultaneously.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Chitin promotes to comprise the following steps the method that Seedling of Chinese Cabbage is taken root:
1) chitin raw material is cleaned, puts in Bulking tank and carry out pretreatment 0.5h,
2) raw material added in citric acid carry out ultrasonic oscillation 3h,
3) and then by raw material add in liquor potassic permanganate and stir and be heated to 50 DEG C, reaction 3h,
4) add in nitric acid by raw material, reaction 1h, cleans 5 times repeatedly with clear water,
5) put into baking oven to dry, temperature is 80 DEG C; Finally pulverize with cracker, the chitin powder of gained is 80 orders.
6) take chitin powder 6g by weight, urinate dissolving with the ash aqueous solution of 0.1L1mol/L and the people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 0.1L1mol/L, preparation chitosan content is the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer of 30 grams per liters, for subsequent use;
7) step 6 is got) the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% that obtains dilutes 700 times, and then the root of Seedling of Chinese Cabbage is dipped in chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer dilution, soaks 0.3h;
8) Seedling of Chinese Cabbage is carried out organic ecological soilless culture, when seedling grows 5 true leaves, then by step 6) chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% dilution 500 times, to root drench execute, at interval of 5 days drench once, continuous 3 times.Chinese cabbage survival rate 98%.
Embodiment 2
Chitin promotes to comprise the following steps the method that cucumber seedling is taken root:
1) chitin raw material is cleaned, puts in Bulking tank and carry out pretreatment 1.5h,
2) raw material added in citric acid carry out ultrasonic oscillation 4h,
3) and then by raw material add in liquor potassic permanganate and stir and be heated to 55 DEG C, reaction 4h,
4) add in nitric acid by raw material, reaction 1.5h, cleans 6 times repeatedly with clear water,
5) put into baking oven to dry, temperature is 90 DEG C; Finally pulverize with cracker, the chitin powder of gained is 90 orders.
6) take chitin powder 8g by weight, urinate dissolving with the ash aqueous solution of 0.125L1mol/L and the people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 0.125L1mol/L, preparation chitosan content is the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer of 32 grams per liters, for subsequent use;
7) step 6 is got) the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% that obtains dilutes 700 times, and then the root of cucumber seedling is dipped in chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer dilution, soaks 0.5h;
8) cucumber seedling is carried out organic ecological soilless culture, when cucumber leaves grows 4 true leaves, then by step 6) chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% dilution 700 times, to root drench execute, at interval of 8 days drench once, continuous 4 times.Cucumber seedling survival rate 99%.
Embodiment 3
Chitin promotes mainly to comprise the following steps the method that tomato seedling is taken root:
1) chitin raw material is cleaned, puts in Bulking tank and carry out pretreatment 2h,
2) raw material added in citric acid carry out ultrasonic oscillation 5h,
3) and then by raw material add in liquor potassic permanganate and stir and be heated to 60 DEG C, reaction 5h,
4) add in nitric acid by raw material, reaction 2h, cleans 6 times repeatedly with clear water,
5) put into baking oven to dry, temperature is 100 DEG C; Finally pulverize with cracker, the chitin powder of gained is 100 orders.
6) take chitin powder 10g by weight, urinate dissolving with the ash aqueous solution of 0.125L1mol/L and the people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 0.125L1mol/L, preparation chitosan content is the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer of 40 grams per liters, for subsequent use;
7) step 6 is got) the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% that obtains dilutes 800 times, and then the root of tomato seedling is dipped in chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer dilution, soaks 1h;
8) tomato seedling is carried out organic ecological soilless culture, when seedling grows 6 true leaves, then by step 6) chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% dilution 500 times, to root drench execute, at interval of 9 days drench once, continuous 5 times.Tomato seedling survival rate 98%.
Claims (9)
1. promote to it is characterized in that the method that green vegetables seedling takes root, mainly comprise the following steps with chitin:
1) take chitin powder 5-10 by weight, dissolve with the mixed liquor of the ash aqueous solution with the people and animals' urine become thoroughly decomposed, preparation chitosan content is the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer of 30-40 grams per liter, for subsequent use; Wherein, the extracting method of chitin powder is:
A, chitin raw material to be cleaned, puts in Bulking tank and carry out pretreatment 0.5-2h,
B, raw material added in citric acid and carries out ultrasonic oscillation 3-5h,
C and then raw material is added in liquor potassic permanganate stir and be heated to 50-60 DEG C, reaction 3-5h,
D, add in nitric acid by raw material, reaction 1-2h, cleans 5-6 time repeatedly with clear water,
E, put into baking oven and dry, temperature is 80-100 DEG C; Finally pulverize with cracker, the chitin powder of gained is 80-100 order;
2) step 1 is got) the chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% that obtains dilutes 700-800 doubly, and then the root of green vegetables seedling is dipped in chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer dilution, soaks 0.3-1h;
3) green vegetables seedling is carried out organic ecological soilless culture, until leaf vegetables grow 5-6 sheet true leaf or melon grow 2-4 sheet true leaf time, then by step 1) chitin organic water-soluble fertilizer 50% dilution 500-700 doubly, root is drenched and executes, drenched once at interval of 5-9 days, continuous 2-5 time; Run into rainy weather, after 3-5 days, again can carry out pouring to root again and execute.
2. promote with chitin the method that green vegetables seedling takes root as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 1) described in the ash aqueous solution be 1: 1 with the part by weight that people and animals urinates that becomes thoroughly decomposed, wherein ash concentration of aqueous solution is 1mol/L, and the concentration that people and animals of becoming thoroughly decomposed urinate is 1mol/L.
3. promote with chitin the method that green vegetables seedling takes root as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic ecological soilless culture is to be mixed with the well-rotted farmyard manure of chitin powder as base manure.
4. promote to it is characterized in that the method that green vegetables seedling takes root with chitin as claimed in claim 1, the matrix of described ecological organic soilless culture is that effluent sand mixes with wooden chaff 1: 1.
5. promote to it is characterized in that the method that green vegetables seedling takes root, carry out, in the extraction step process of chitin powder, all repeatedly being cleaned 5-6 time by chitin raw material with clear water before often carrying out next step with chitin as claimed in claim 1.
6. promote with chitin the method that green vegetables seedling takes root as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step a, the pressure of Bulking tank is 0.3-0.8MPa temperature is 50-70 DEG C, and the expanded time is 1-2h.
7. promote with chitin the method that green vegetables seedling takes root as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step b, the concentration of citric acid is 0.8mol/L, and ultrasonic frequency is adjusted to 50-80KHz.
8. promote with chitin the method that green vegetables seedling takes root as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step c, the concentration of potassium permanganate is 2mol/L, and is 2-4: 1 with the weight ratio of raw material.
9. promote with chitin the method that green vegetables seedling takes root as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described steps d, the concentration of nitric acid is 1mol/L, is 2-5: 1 with the weight ratio of raw material.
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| CN104542082A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 辽宁省烟草公司朝阳市公司 | Seedling substrate dedicated for tobacco |
| CN105379525A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-03-09 | 上海宇元生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing solanberry crops by utilizing chitin fertilizer |
| CN105393747A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-03-16 | 上海宇元生物科技有限公司 | Planting method for chitin cucumber |
| CN105724205B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-09-14 | 宰童童 | A kind of method of water culture |
| CN113387728A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-14 | 陕西汉唐农业标准化研究院有限公司 | Chitin-containing fertilizer special for vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN114208652A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-22 | 水生藻安生物科技（武汉）有限公司 | Planting culture device for aquatic plant cultivation, preparation method and application |
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| CN1269889C (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-08-16 | 李向群 | Composite chitin and its preparation method and application |
| CN102372793A (en) * | 2010-08-15 | 2012-03-14 | 高支良 | Extraction method of chitin |
| JP5794689B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2015-10-14 | 公立大学法人福井県立大学 | Plant growth promoter and salt tolerance improver |
| CN102816808B (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-05-28 | 中山火炬职业技术学院 | Method for preparing chitosan by using shrimp shells |
| CN103283784A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-11 | 合肥多加农业科技有限公司 | Long-acting environment-friendly paddy-rice seed-soaking agent and application method thereof |
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