CN1269889C - Composite chitin and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Composite chitin and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1269889C CN1269889C CN 200510042036 CN200510042036A CN1269889C CN 1269889 C CN1269889 C CN 1269889C CN 200510042036 CN200510042036 CN 200510042036 CN 200510042036 A CN200510042036 A CN 200510042036A CN 1269889 C CN1269889 C CN 1269889C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chitin
- composite
- composite chitin
- molecular weight
- aqua
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 and auxiliary Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004195 Isomerases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000769 Isomerases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000896238 Oidium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000289702 Peramelidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002073 mitogenetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013348 organic food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing composite chitin, which belongs to the technical field of biochemical industry and is used for the field of agriculture. The molecular weight of the composite chitin is distributed in the range of 200 to 100000, and the composite chitin is composed of chitin obtained by compounding oligosaccharide, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide in different molecular weight segments, and each component accounts for 0.1 to 95 wt%. The composite chitin of the present invention can be used as crop medical fertilizers, crop disease resisting and yield increasing agents or resistance inducing and yield increasing agents. Any poisonous and harmful components are not added into a producing and compounding process of the present invention, and the present invention is suitable for producing green and safe crops. The composite chitin is used for vegetables by adopting root irrigation or micro irrigation, drop irrigation, punching or leaf surface spraying, and is used for grain and fruits by adopting irrigation or leaf surface spraying according to a growth period.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of composite chitin, belong to technical field of biochemical industry, be applied to agriculture field.
(2) background technology
As everyone knows, agricultural chemicals can effectively be controlled generation, the development of diseases and pests of agronomic crop, guarantees the good harvest of agricultural.According to statistics, China's agricultural chemicals year usage quantity uses agricultural chemicals can retrieve the crop yield loss of 15%-30% about 250,000 tons.But, if use agricultural chemicals improper, also can bring drug effect to be difficult for performance, destroy the agricultural ecological balance, side-effect problems such as pesticide residue in the increase agricultural-food and environmental pollution, severe patient also can cause poisoning to farm crop, makes the person poultry poisoning.
Human too busy to get away grain, and fertilizer is the grain of farm crop.Applying fertilizer is to improve crop yield, improves the important means of crop quality.According to statistics, the 40%-60% of general crop yield obtains by fertilising, but, because a large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer (China uses the chemical fertilizer total amount year at present about 4,000 ten thousand tons) and chemical fertilizer utilization ratio lower (average utilization is about 30%), cause the huge loss of chemical fertilizer and the raising of agricultural cost again, simultaneously, also cause the hardening soil, pollution of waterhead, soil ecology destroys, " dish is tasteless; melon is not fragrant; fruit is sweetless ", and nitrate, nitrite exceed standard in the agricultural-food, and nutritive value, economic worth reduce.
How science is used chemical pesticide, chemical fertilizer; how to seek fertile part chemical pesticide, the chemical fertilizer of substituting of non-harmful medicine, the protection environment is produced non-polluted farm product; green food, Organic food are especially one of developed country's problems of demanding urgently researching and developing of countries in the world.
1991, after the U.S., European physician found that chitin is the sixth-largest vital principle of human body, the research of chitin was very active.Preliminary from marine organisms chitin extraction and found that it is after the effect on the agricultural, we propose as give a definition: (1) fertilizer and soil conditioner: be used for keeping or improve plant nutrition and soil physics, chemical property, and biological epidemic various materials, can use separately or together; (2) fertilizer: so that plant nutrient to be provided is the material of its main effect; (3) agricultural chemicals: everyly be used to prevent and treat farm-forestry crop and products thereof insect, germ, weeds, preparation of harmful organisms such as bandicoot and plant-growth regulator, and auxiliary, synergistic agent of improving these pharmacy effects etc. all belong to the category of agricultural chemicals.From the efficiency analysis of chitin as can be known, chitin is the fertilizer that fertilizer neither be traditional, is the agricultural chemicals that agricultural chemicals neither be traditional.Particularly at the inducing anti-disease of having studied chitin, induce the root of the crop cell mitogenetic, improve crop yield, improve the mechanism of crop quality after, we think that chitin is a kind of halobios medicine fertilizer of novel combination of pesticide and fertilizer.
The composite chitin of different molecular weight section is being induced crop disease-resistant, is reducing the agricultural chemicals usage quantity, is improving crop yield, is improving crop quality, is being produced the function difference aspect the non-polluted farm product.Utilizing specified molecular weight section composite chitin production stable effect biological medicine fertilizer is one of current problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.
At present, the preparation method that chitin is commonly used both at home and abroad has:
1, chemical degradation method
With exsiccant shrimp, crab shell fragment with 3% salt acid soak 30h about, to not emitting till the bubble, water washes repeatedly to neutrality then, boil 1h with about 10% sodium hydroxide solution again, and the water flushing is to neutrality.Soak 1h with rare potassium permanganate solution, 70 ℃ of-80 ℃ of water-bath 30min of oxalic acid solution are washed to neutrality, and white chitin finished product is made in 105 ℃ of oven dry, pulverizing.
Chitin is placed on is incubated 1h (100 ℃～110 ℃) in the saturated sodium hydroxide solution, then washing.Handle in alkaline solution, washing 2～3 times repeatedly, promptly gets the higher chitosan of deacetylation behind the whole acetates except that the dereaction generation again.
2, mechanical degradation method
The crab shell is with 10% salt acid soak 3～4 days, and washing was boiled 1～2 hour with 10% sodium hydroxide again.Potassium permanganate solution decolouring is handled, drying, pulverize chitin.Microwave treatment 10 minutes is spent the night at room temperature condition.Washing again gets chitosan.
3, biological degradation method
Shrimp shell, crab shell be with 10% salt acid soak 3～4 days, and washing was boiled 1～2 hour with 10% sodium hydroxide again.Drying is pulverized chitin, adds enzyme then and degrades.Filter, drying gets chitin.
The weak point of the chitin of above-mentioned chemical degradation method, mechanical degradation method and biological degradation method production is that the range of molecular weight distributions of products obtained therefrom chitosan is narrower, be confined in certain scope, be generally 200-2000,2000-6000 and 6000-100000, the narrower chitosan of range of molecular weight distributions when using as biological medicine fertilizer, the effect instability.
(3) summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of composite chitin and preparation method thereof and application of molecular weight distribution broad.The chitosan that this method is produced with prior art is raw material, forms the composite chitin of molecular weight distribution broad, stable effect by compound being prepared into by the different molecular weight section.
Composite chitin of the present invention, in 200～100000 scopes, by the composite chitin that the chitin of different molecular weight section is formed, each weight percentages of components respectively accounts for 0.1～95% by oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and the composite molecular weight distribution that obtains of polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000.
The preparation method of composite chitin, with oligosaccharide molecular amount 2002000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000, respectively account for by weight percentage 0.1～95% 20 ℃-80 ℃ down composite, obtain the composite chitin that molecular weight distribution is made up of the chitin of different molecular weight section in 200～100000 scopes.
Above-mentioned composite product can further transfer pH value to 9-10 with NaOH solution, place after 20-30 hour, the filtered and recycled throw out, throw out is extremely neutral with flushing with clean water, then in 50-70 ℃ of dryer, dry, 200～100000 composite chitins of forming by the different molecular weight section.
Above-mentioned oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000 are respectively the products of chemical degradation method in the prior art, mechanical degradation method and biological degradation method.
Above-mentioned oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000, be to be raw material greater than 100000 chitosan with molecular-weight average, the employing biological catalysis is degraded and is got, concrete grammar is as follows: with streptomyces (Streptomyces SP) bacterial classification is biological catalyst, the batch charging coefficient of chitosan raw material (raw material volume/reactor volume) is 0.4-0.6, and streptomyces bacterial classification concentration is 2.0 * 10
6～2.0 * 10
7Individual/ml, pH value 6-6.5, sealing was cultivated 1～10 day, and chitosan was degraded to oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-1500, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 3000-100000 for 20 ℃-50 ℃.
Used streptomyces (Streptomyces SP) bacterial classification CICC numbering 11010, purposes: malaga sugar isomerase.
Above-mentioned oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000, be to be raw material greater than 100000 chitosan with molecular-weight average, adopt chemical degradation method that the chitosan degraded is got, concrete grammar is: the hydrochloric acid soln that adds weight percent concentration 1～10% in the chitosan raw material, the weight ratio of chitosan raw material and 1～10% (WT) hydrochloric acid soln is 1: 20～500, sealing, under 10 ℃-90 ℃ condition, reacted 1～10 hour, chitosan is degraded to oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000.
Above-mentioned molecular-weight average is the chitosan product with prior art for preparing greater than 100000 chitosan.
The preparation method of composite chitin of the present invention, the molecular weight that chemical degradation method, mechanical degradation method, biological degradation method are obtained is greater than 30000 chitosan, adopt biological catalysis or chemical degradation method to continue degraded, make it become oligosaccharides (molecular weight 200～2000); Oligose (molecular weight 2000-6000); Polysaccharide (molecular weight 6000-100000), then that oligosaccharides, oligose and polysaccharide is compound, it is become have the composite chitin that molecular weight has 200-100000.Also oligosaccharides, oligose, the polysaccharide of chemical degradation method, mechanical degradation method, biological degradation method production directly can be combined into the composite chitin that the molecule amount is 200-100000.
Method of the present invention is easy to the composite chitin that large-scale production has oligosaccharides, oligose and polysaccharide recombination property.Produce in the recombination process and do not add any poisonous, objectionable constituent, be applicable to the production of green safety farm crop.
The composite chitin pulvis is a direct product of the present invention, the be weight percentage aqueous solution of 6% composite chitin of composite chitin aqua.
Composite chitin of the present invention is as farm crop medicine fertilizer, specifically as disease-resistant yield-increasing agent or inducing resistance yield promoter.Concrete grammar is as follows:
For vegetables: irritate root, slight irrigation, drip irrigation, dash and execute or foliage-spray, wherein, spray: the composite chitin aqua is converted water 10-200 kilogram for per 100 milliliters, and seedling stage, preceding, the young fruit expanding stage of blooming respectively spray 1-2 time.Irritate root: the composite chitin aqua is converted water 10-200 kilogram for per 100 milliliters, seedling stage, transplanting phase, filling root when root growth is bad.Dash and execute: mu consumption composite chitin aqua 100-1500 milliliter dashes with water to be executed.Composite chitin content is high, so its extension rate can not be low excessively, avoid producing and suppresses.
Foliage-spray, composite chitin aqua 1: 600-800 doubly should not be lower than 600 times.Directly absorb by the blade face, promote well developed root system.
Pouring (filling root), composite chitin aqua 1: 1000-1200 doubly should not be lower than 600 times.
For grain: jointing stage, heading stage, grouting initial stage composite chitin pulvis 2 grams or composite chitin aqua are converted water 1-100 kilogram for 20 milliliters, at each foliage-spray 1 time in three periods.
For fruit: budding period, preceding, the young fruit expanding stage of blooming, fruit color phase, ripe leaf fall period, composite chitin pulvis 2 grams or composite chitin aqua are converted water 1-100 kilogram for 20 milliliters.According to the fruit tree growing way, spray 4-5 time in whole growing, the budding period and bloom before can spray simultaneously in conjunction with urea.Or select emphasis to use period according to the cultivation features of different fruit trees.
(4) embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1, degraded
With molecular-weight average greater than 100000 chitosan and streptomyces bacterial classification concentration 2.0 * 10
6The biological catalyst of individual/ml places reactor, pH value 6-6.5, batch charging coefficient 0.4, sealing.25 ℃-28 ℃ of culture temperature were cultivated 3 days, respectively took out 1/3rd culture material respectively at the 3rd day, the 4th day, the 5th day, and they are respectively oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-1000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000.
2, composite
With 30%, 40%, 40% mixing under 0～70 ℃ by weight percentage of three times culture materials, transfer pH value to 10 with 40% (WT) NaOH solution, place after 24 hours, the filtered and recycled throw out, throw out is extremely neutral with flushing with clean water repeatedly, then in 60 ℃ of dryers, dry, promptly get 200～100000 composite chitins of forming by the different molecular weight section.
The composite chitin of embodiment 1 preparation has the effect of disease-resistant yield-increasing, and application method and effect are as follows:
500 times of (1) 6000 times of composite chitin pulvis and Lei Duo Mils alternately spraying+macroelement liquid fertile 30 kilograms/mu towards executing; , odd number is sprayed microbial inoculum (the many Mils of thunder), even number time spray composite chitin pulvis, totally 2 times/month.
(2) humic acid liquid fertilizer dashes for 50 kilograms/mu and executes+500 times of the many Mils of thunder and the fertile 500 times of sprayings of macroelement liquid 4 times/month.
(3) blank (do not apply fertilizer, not dispenser, water, water gaging such as spray).4 times/month.
Prevent and treat the oidium effect and see Table 1:
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, it is effective to handle (1) control cucumber downy mildew, and preventive effect reaches 82.5%, and (2) drug effect is suitable with handling, and difference is not remarkable.
Effect of increasing production sees Table 2:
Table 2
| Handle | Output (kilogram) | Volume increase (%) | Volume increase | The leaf look | Vane thickness | The stipes rugosity | Stipes length | The fruit type | Fruit colour |
| (1) | 56 | 55.6 | 10.9 | Dark green | Thick | Sturdy | No significant difference | Along bar | Normally |
| (2) | 50 | 40.2 | -- | Dark green | Thick | Sturdy | No significant difference | Along bar | Normally |
| (3) | 36 | -- | -- | Pale green | Difference | Difference | -- | Difference | Normally |
Annotate: output is the output of 40 square metres of commodity melons.
As can be seen from the above table, handle (1) rate ratio blank (3) volume increase 55.6%, comparison is according to (2) volume increase 10.9%, and is than its leaf look more dark green with blank, blade thickness, and cane is sturdy, and fruit (melon) is along bar.
Embodiment 2:
1, degraded
Molecular-weight average is put into reactor greater than 100000 chitosan, add 10% hydrochloric acid soln simultaneously, weight ratio 1: 100, sealing.React under 70 ℃-75 ℃ condition, respectively take out 1/3 reactant respectively at 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, they are respectively oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-1500, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-100000.
2, composite
0～70 ℃ of mixing of reactant with top three taking-ups, transfer pH value to 10 with 40% (WT) NaoH solution, place after 24 hours, filter, reclaim throw out, with throw out repeatedly with flushing with clean water to neutral, then 55 ℃ of oven dry, promptly get molecular weight and be the composite chitin of 200～100000 different molecular weight section.
The composite chitin of embodiment 2 preparations has the effect that induction of resistance increases output, and application method and effect are as follows:
Results from pot experiment test (seeing Table 3) shows, the preventive effect of 400 times, 500 times, 600 times liquid inducing watermelon anti-blights in seedling stage of composite chitin aqua increases with concentration and increases progressively.The prevention effect of three concentration is respectively 63.03%, 49.26%, 34.14%, and its preventive effect of 400 times significantly is better than its preventive effect of 600 times, and extremely significantly is better than the preventive effect (18.94%) of standard control yellow humic acid; The disease of each concentration of treatment refers to be 25.94-56.90, all extremely significantly is lower than to connect bacterium contrast disease and refer to 70.19.
Table 3 composite chitin aqua inducing watermelon anti-blight test-results
| Handle | Concentration (doubly) | Total strain | Repeat | Diseased plant rate (%) | Disease refers to | Preventive effect (%) |
| The composite chitin aqua | 400 | 10 8 9 8 35 | 1234 is flat | 100 100 100 100 100 | 28.57 25.00 26.98 23.21 25.94dD | 59.30 64.38 61.52 66.93 63.03aA |
| The composite chitin aqua | 500 | 9 8 10 9 36 | 1234 is flat | 100 100 100 100 100 | 39.68 39.29 42.86 20.63 35.62cdCD | 43.47 44.02 38.94 70.01 49.26abAB |
| The composite chitin aqua | 600 | 13 14 13 13 53 | 1234 is flat | 100 100 100 100 100 | 57.14 51.02 36.26 40.48 46.23bcBC | 18.59 27.31 48.34 42.33 34.14bcBC |
| The yellow humic acid aqua | 400 | 15 15 13 16 59 | 1234 is flat | 100 100 100 100 100 | 42.86 58.10 65.93 60.71 56.90bAB | 38.94 17.22 6.07 13.51 18.91cB |
| CK | - | 15 13 14 14 56 | 1234 is flat | 100 100 100 100 100 | 63.81 80.22 71.43 65.31 70.19aA | |
The composite chitin aqua promotes growth effect measurement result (seeing Table 4) to show to watermelon seedling stage, the composite chitin aqua is except that inducing watermelon anti-blight in seedling stage, the effect that also has obvious promotion plant strain growth, 400, the long and single-strain fresh weight of 500,600 times of plant height, roots of handling butt joint bacterium watermelon seedlings increases with concentration and increases progressively.The plant height that three concentration is handled and the standard control yellow humic acid is handled is respectively 56.84cm, 54.64cm, 49.78cm and 50.94cm, and all the utmost point is significantly higher than and connects bacterium and contrast plant height (42.03cm), all significantly is lower than the plant height (66.3cm) of blank.The root length of three concentration is respectively 7.88cm, 7.21cm, 6.18cm, and the long and blank root long (8.05cm) of wherein 400 times, 500 times root is the utmost point root long (5.66cm and 5.12cm) that is significantly higher than its 600 times and yellow humic acid and connects the bacterium contrast all.The single-strain fresh weight of three concentration is respectively 3.67g, 3.18g and 2.08g, and wherein 400 times and single-strain fresh weight blank (3.80g) be the utmost point single-strain fresh weight (2.42g and 1.88g) that is significantly higher than its 500 times, 600 times and yellow humic acid and connects the bacterium contrast all.
Table 4 composite chitin aqua is to the promotion growth exercising result of watermelon seedling
| Handle | Repeat | Total strain | Plant height (cm) | Rate of increase (%) | Root long (cm) | Rate of increase (%) | Single-strain fresh weight (g) | Rate of increase (%) |
| 400 times in composite chitin aqua | 1 | 11 | 57.94 | 37.85 | 8.59 | 61.39 | 3.79 | 102.13 |
| 2 | 13 | 58.23 | 38.54 | 7.52 | 41.29 | 3.65 | 94.67 | |
| 3 | 12 | 52.20 | 24.20 | 7.38 | 38.66 | 3.80 | 102.67 | |
| 4 | 11 | 59.00 | 40.38 | 8.03. | 50.87 | 3.42 | 82.4 | |
| Flat | 47 | 56.84bAB | 35.24 | 7.88abA | 48.05 | 3.67aA | 95.47 | |
| 500 times in composite chitin aqua | 1 | 12 | 59.12 | 40.66 | 8.11 | 52.37 | 3.32 | 77.07 |
| 2 | 16 | 53.74 | 27.86 | 6.08 | 14.23 | 2.97 | 58.40 | |
| 3 | 14 | 50.24 | 19.53 | 7.28 | 36.78 | 3.20 | 70.67 | |
| 4 | 11 | 55.46 | 31.95 | 7.36 | 38.28 | 3.23 | 72.27 | |
| Flat | 53 | 56.64bB | 30.00 | 7.21bA | 35.42 | 3.18bB | 69.6 | |
| 600 times in composite chitin aqua | 1 | 15 | 48.07 | 14.37 | 6.52 | 22.50 | 1.92 | 2.4 |
| 2 | 14 | 48.89 | 16.32 | 6.20 | 16.49 | 1.88 | 0.27 | |
| 3 | 9 | 50.00 | 18.96 | 6.19 | 16.30 | 2.20 | 17.33 | |
| 4 | 10 | 52.17 | 24.13 | 5.81 | 9.16 | 2.33 | 24.27 | |
| Flat | 48 | 49.78bBC | 18.45 | 6.18cB | 16.11 | 2.08dCD | 11.07 | |
| Meet bacterium CK | 1 | 24 | 45.11 | - | 5.09 | - | 1.92 | - |
| 2 | 12 | 39.81 | - | 4.96 | - | 2.03 | - | |
| 3 | 15 | 47.05 | - | 5.32 | - | 1.85 | - | |
| 4 | 12 | 36.15 | - | 5.11 | - | 1.70 | - | |
| Flat | 63 | 42.03cC | - | 5.12dC | - | 1.88dD | - | |
| Blank CK | 1 | 20 | 55.02 | 30.91 | 8.38 | 57.45 | 3.70 | 97.33 |
| 2 | 6 | 67.55 | 60.72 | 7.84 | 47.30 | 3.82 | 103.73 | |
| 3 | 4 | 72.33 | 72.09 | 7.53 | 41.48 | 3.9 | 108.00 | |
| 4 | 9 | 70.35 | 67.38 | 8.45 | 58.76 | 3.77 | 101.07 | |
| Flat | 39 | 66.31aA | 57.77 | 8.05aA | 51.24 | 3.80aA | 102.53 | |
Embodiment 3:
1, with molecular-weight average greater than 100000 chitosan and streptomyces bacterial classification concentration 2.0 * 10
7The biological catalyst of individual/ml places reactor, pH value 6-6.5, batch charging coefficient 0.6, sealing.25 ℃-28 ℃ of culture temperature were cultivated 4 days, respectively took out 1/3rd culture material respectively at the 4th day, the 5th day, the 6th day, and they are respectively oligosaccharide molecular amount 200-2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000-6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000-30000.
2, three times culture material 15%, 42.5%, 42.5% is mixed by weight percentage, transfer pH value to 10 with 40% (WT) NaOH solution, place after 24 hours, the filtered and recycled throw out, throw out is extremely neutral with flushing with clean water repeatedly, then in 65 ℃ of dryers, dry, promptly get 200～100000 composite chitins of forming by the different molecular weight section.
Use the composite chitin of embodiment 3 preparations to have to increase output, promote well developed root system, improve the effect of quality, application method and effect see Table 5-7, wherein A: composite chitin aqua, B: composite chitin pulvis, C: potassium primary phosphate+naphthylacetic acid, CK: contrast.
Table 5
Each handles table 6 the blocky influence of strawberry
| Handle | Repeat | On average | With CK contrast CK (%) | ||
| I | II | III | |||
| A B C CK | 90.6 88.5 100.0 92.9 | 88.7 91.7 96.5 82.3 | 90.3 89.4 94.7 86.4 | 89.8 89.7 95.4 87.2 | 102.98 102.67 109.4 100 |
The influence of table 7 pair strawberry interior quality
| Quality parameter | Handle | |||
| A | B | C | CK | |
| Hardness soluble solid titratable acid total reducing sugar | 0.57 8.94 1.22 8.23 | 0.59 8.94 1.25 8.34 | 0.49 8.63 1.18 8.15 | 0.55 8.55 1.15 8.12 |
Embodiment 4:
To directly be re-dubbed the chitin biotechnological formulation that molecular weight is 200-30000 under the oligosaccharides of prior art chemical degradation method, mechanical degradation method, biological degradation method production, oligose, the polysaccharide room temperature, the weight percent of oligosaccharides, oligose and polysaccharide is 1%, 37% and 62%.
Use the composite chitin of embodiment 4 preparations to have the effect that increases output, improves quality, specifically test as follows:
Table 8 tomato is the quantity recorder as a result
| I | II | III | ||||||||||
| ① | ② | ③ | ④ | ① | ② | ③ | ④ | ① | ② | ③ | ④ | |
| The composite chitin aqua | 3.86 | 3.44 | 1.88 | 1.80 | 3.76 | 3.38 | 2.40 | 1.48 | 3.9 | 3.38 | 2.56 | 1.61 |
| The composite chitin pulvis | 4.04 | 3.63 | 2.60 | 1.64 | 3.82 | 3.52 | 2.32 | 1.42 | 4.02 | 3.47 | 2.46 | 1.68 |
| Contrast | 3.70 | 3.18 | 2.12 | 1.40 | 3.52 | 3.27 | 1.96 | 1.28 | 3.52 | 3.27 | 1.95 | 1.28 |
Annotate: 1. 2. 3. 4. represent one, two, three, four fringes fruit
Table 9 tomato per plant quantity statistics table
| ① | ② | ③ | ④ | Add up to | Increase number | |
| The composite chitin aqua | 3.84 | 3.40 | 2.28 | 1.63 | 11.15 | 110 |
| The composite chitin pulvis | 3.96 | 3.54 | 2.46 | 1.58 | 11.54 | 114 |
| Contrast | 3.58 | 3.24 | 2.01 | 1.32 | 10.15 | 100 |
Annotate: 1. 2. 3. 4. represent one, two, three, four fringes fruit.
Table 9 shows that composite chitin aqua, composite chitin pulvis per plant quantity compares respectively according to increasing by 10%, 14%.The tomato production statistical study sees Table 10:
Table 10 tomato cell production cartogram
Use the tomato of aforesaid method plantation to see Table 11 through Ministry of Agriculture food quality supervision verification test center (Jinan) detected result:
Table 11
| Sample number into spectrum | The sample title | The sample proterties | Test item | ||
| Total acid (%) | Vitamins C (mg/100g) | Total reducing sugar (%) | |||
| 2001-X-385 | Tomato (contrast) | Bright | 0.38 | 14.3 | 3.34 |
| 2001-X-386 | Tomato (aqua) | Bright | 0.43 | 16.1 | 3.38 |
| 2001-X-387 | Tomato (pulvis) | Bright | 0.44 | 15.3 | 3.72 |
Claims (9)
1, a kind of composite chitin, it is characterized in that by oligosaccharide molecular amount 200～2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000～6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000～100000 composite molecular weight distribution that obtain each weight percentages of components respectively accounts for 0.1～95% in 200～100000 scopes, by the composite chitin that the chitin of different molecular weight section is formed.
2, the preparation method of the described composite chitin of claim 1, it is characterized in that oligosaccharide molecular amount 200～2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000～6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000～100000, respectively account for by weight percentage 0.1～95% 20 ℃～80 ℃ down composite, obtain the composite chitin that molecular weight distribution is made up of the chitin of different molecular weight section in 200～100000 scopes.
3, the preparation method of composite chitin as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described oligosaccharide molecular amount 200～2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000～6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000～100000, be to be raw material greater than 100000 chitosan with molecular-weight average, the employing biological catalysis is degraded and is got, concrete grammar is: with the streptomyces bacterial classification is biological catalyst, the batch charging coefficient of chitosan raw material is 0.4～0.6, and streptomyces bacterial classification concentration is 2.0 * 10
6～2.0 * 10
7Individual/ml, pH value 6～6.5, sealing was cultivated 1～10 day for 20 ℃～50 ℃, and the chitosan degraded is got.
4, the preparation method of composite chitin as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described oligosaccharide molecular amount 200～2000, oligosaccharides molecule amount 2000～6000 and polysaccharide molecular weight 6000～100000, be to be raw material greater than 100000 chitosan with molecular-weight average, adopt chemical degradation method that the chitosan degraded is got, concrete grammar is: the hydrochloric acid soln that adds weight percent concentration 1～10% in the chitosan raw material, the weight ratio of chitosan raw material and 1～10%WT hydrochloric acid soln is 1: 20～500, under 10 ℃～90 ℃ condition, reacted 0.5～10 hour, the chitosan degraded is got.
5, the application of the described composite chitin of claim 1 is as farm crop medicine fertilizer.
6, the application of composite chitin as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that as disease-resistant crops volume increase agent or inducing resistance yield promoter.
7, the application of composite chitin as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that adopting filling root or slight irrigation, drip irrigation, dashing and execute or foliage-spray for vegetables; Wherein, spray: the composite chitin aqua is converted 10～200 kilograms in water for per 100 milliliters, and seedling stage, preceding, the young fruit expanding stage of blooming respectively spray 1～2 time; Irritate root: the composite chitin aqua is converted 10～200 kilograms in water for per 100 milliliters, seedling stage, transplanting phase, filling root when root growth is bad; Dash and to execute: 100～1500 milliliters in mu consumption composite chitin aqua dashes with water and executes; The be weight percentage aqueous solution of 6% composite chitin of described composite chitin aqua.
8, the application of composite chitin as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that converting 1～100 kilogram in water for grain for 20 milliliters at jointing stage, heading stage, grouting initial stage composite chitin pulvis 2 grams or composite chitin aqua, at each foliage-spray 1 time in three periods; The be weight percentage aqueous solution of 6% composite chitin of described composite chitin aqua.
9, the application of composite chitin as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that spraying 4～5 times in budding period, preceding, the young fruit expanding stage of blooming, fruit color phase, ripe leaf fall period whole growing for fruit, composite chitin pulvis 2 gram or composite chitin aqua are converted 1～100 kilogram in water for 20 milliliters, the budding period and bloom before spray simultaneously in conjunction with urea; The be weight percentage aqueous solution of 6% composite chitin of described composite chitin aqua.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510042036 CN1269889C (en) | 2005-01-20 | 2005-01-20 | Composite chitin and its preparation method and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510042036 CN1269889C (en) | 2005-01-20 | 2005-01-20 | Composite chitin and its preparation method and application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1654525A CN1654525A (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| CN1269889C true CN1269889C (en) | 2006-08-16 |
Family
ID=34894457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510042036 Active CN1269889C (en) | 2005-01-20 | 2005-01-20 | Composite chitin and its preparation method and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1269889C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103371092A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-10-30 | 谷尚昆 | Method for applying chitin solution (powder), chitosan solution (powder) and chitosan solution (powder) nutrient solutions to water (mist) fruit and vegetable cultivation |
| CN103718803B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-09-16 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | A kind of chitin promotes the method that vegetable seedling is taken root |
| CN103960240A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-06 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Watermelon yield increasing and sugar increasing conditioner and use method thereof |
| CN107624792A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-26 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method that plant immune inducer is prepared using crab shell |
| CN116589323B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2024-05-28 | 南京林业大学 | Method for obtaining biofertilizer by using maggots after kitchen waste treatment |
-
2005
- 2005-01-20 CN CN 200510042036 patent/CN1269889C/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1654525A (en) | 2005-08-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1259287C (en) | Nuisance-free medicinal fertilizer for prevention and control of wireworm and soil insect and its production method | |
| CN1193666C (en) | Chioligose plant grow-promotor and its preparation method | |
| CN103920391B (en) | A kind of collecting carbonic anhydride agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106472228B (en) | Planting method of selenium-rich camellia oleifera | |
| CN101891904A (en) | Kelp oligosaccharide and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN107285926A (en) | A kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of prevention and control soil-borne disease and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1673201A (en) | Sprayed fertilizer | |
| CN103408351A (en) | Polysaccharide composition and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104446928A (en) | Bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107892625A (en) | A kind of selenium-rich environment-friendlybio-organic bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103396229A (en) | Selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer | |
| CN103274803A (en) | Bio-organic fertilizer with turfy soil as main material, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102826875B (en) | Microbial organic fertilizer and purpose of microbial organic fertilizer | |
| CN1269889C (en) | Composite chitin and its preparation method and application | |
| CN108271787A (en) | A kind of compound oligosaccharide fruits and vegetables support the preparation method of root element | |
| CN1078192C (en) | Bio-bacterial agent and its preparing process | |
| CN107188633A (en) | A kind of compound method of vegetable cultivation ecological fertilizer | |
| CN103833477B (en) | Residual Special-purpose liquid pesticide-containing fertilizer and preparation method thereof falls in a kind of garlic production promoting desinsection | |
| CN103833472A (en) | Special liquid pesticide fertilizer for increasing yield and killing pests of corn and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102786352B (en) | Multifunctional organic liquid fertilizer and processing method thereof | |
| CN1872816A (en) | Soil improvement type compound biologic organic liquid fertilizer | |
| CN106467424A (en) | A kind of chitosan and its preparation technology of organic water-soluble fertilizer | |
| CN102381911B (en) | Ecological diammonium phosphate as well as preparation method and application thereof in agriculture or forestry production | |
| CN103848695A (en) | Special tea production increasing and insecticidal liquid pesticide fertilizer for degrading pesticide residue and preparation method of pesticide fertilizer | |
| CN108456062A (en) | A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20200803 Address after: Room 512, NO.978 Tianchen street, Jinan area, China (Shandong) pilot Free Trade Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Ji'nan Appollo chitin Fertilizer Co.,Ltd. Address before: NO.201, block a, overseas Chinese Pioneer Park, No.69 Huayang Road, high tech Development Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee before: Li Xiangqun |