CN108456062A - A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108456062A CN108456062A CN201810182392.6A CN201810182392A CN108456062A CN 108456062 A CN108456062 A CN 108456062A CN 201810182392 A CN201810182392 A CN 201810182392A CN 108456062 A CN108456062 A CN 108456062A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/002—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from fish or from fish-wastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizers and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of fertilizers.The fertilizer is made of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), organic fertilizer, γ polyglutamic acids, ostreae testa pulverata, modified nano-titanium dioxide, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite, water soluble chitosan according to certain weight proportion.Biology, inorganic constituents needed for the existing suitable fruit tree growth of the fertilizer, and have quick-acting, the slow nutrient for meeting plant different growth periods, have to fruit quality and significantly improve, especially to apple obvious effect of increasing production；In the product organic fertilizer through microbial bacterial agent fermentation after contain a large amount of beneficial bacteriums, organic matter and various trace elements (such as calcium, silicon), increase soil beneficial bacterium, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, activating soil after, improve water-retaining property, utilization rate of fertilizer and the fertilizer lasting effect of soil, it can inhibit the growth and sprawling of soil-borne disease, improve planting fruit trees yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enhanced fertilizer, specifically a kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
Fruit contains abundant vitamin, minerals, cellulose and fructose.Food ingestion is big in daily life,
Lay equal stress on grain, vegetables in human diet structure, yield and cultivated area have apparent ascendant trend.In the people's livelihood and its people
It is occupied an important position in economy.Economy of the fruit tree benefit depends on the yield and production cost of fruit tree, and the high-quality of fruit tree is even more people
Unremitting pursuit target, efficiently use limited land resource, it is that people exert to improve the yield of fruit tree crop and fruit quality
The direction of power.The growth of fruit tree as other crops, need apply npk fertilizer, it is also necessary to rich in calcium, iron, sulphur,
Many minerals such as zinc and trace element.In recent years, China causes to give birth to due to largely using chemical fertilizer, pesticide in production of fruit trees
Produce of high cost, quality decline, cause food security, environmental pollution and soil nutrient it is unbalance, degenerate, it is hardened the problems such as.Therefore,
To adapt to the requirement of development modern agriculture, the bottleneck for overcoming resource environment to constrain, reductionization under the premise of ensureing fruit yield
Fertilizer input, raising utilization rate of fertilizer, environmental protection are the urgent tasks that agricultural faces.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizers.The fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, and nutrient is released
Equilibrium is put, the harmful microbes such as fungi, bacterium, the virus in soil can effectively be inhibited to grow, is effectively prevented each in fruit tree
The generation of kind pest and disease damage, significantly improves fruit quality.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 200-400
Part, 100-200 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, changes 200-300 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 2000-2500 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid
1-3 parts of nano-titanium dioxide of property, 10-30 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of borax, 5-10 parts of diatomite, water soluble chitosan 50-100
Part；The organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：It is 300-500 parts of fish scrap, 500-800 parts of stalk, compound
3-5 parts of microbial bacterial agent, zinc ion -0.1-0.5 parts of porphyrin nano complex compound；The complex micro organism fungicide is by following sides
What method was prepared：After Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould are activated respectively in liquid seed culture medium
It cultivates at 25 DEG C 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, 25 are cultivated at 30 DEG C
After hour, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Freeze-dried powder is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding to obtain the final product.
The modified nano-titanium dioxide is prepared by the following method：By nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine
According to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, grind 1 hour in mortar, are then distributed under high velocity agitation containing 5% coupling agent KH560's
In water body, pH to 8~9 is adjusted, continues to stir 30-45min, is put into ball mill ball milling 3h to get modified nano-titanium dioxide.
The zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound is prepared using following methods：By 10ml 1mol/L zinc acetates
Solution is added in reaction bulb together with the acetum of four pyridylporphyrins of 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L and is mixed at room temperature
After reacting 24 hours to obtain the final product.
Preferably, the prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 300
Part, 250 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 2300 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 150 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, modified nano-titanium dioxide 2
Part, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of borax, 7 parts of diatomite, zinc ion -0.2 part of porphyrin nano complex compound, 75 parts of water soluble chitosan；
The organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：400 parts of fish scrap, 700 parts of stalk, complex micro organism fungicide 4
Part.
A kind of preparation method of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, it includes the following steps：
(1) after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould being activated respectively 25 in liquid seed culture medium
It cultivates at DEG C 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, it is small that 25 are cultivated at 30 DEG C
Shi Hou, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Complex micro organism fungicide is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding, spare；
(2) by the acetum one of 10ml 1mol/L acetic acid zinc solutions and four pyridylporphyrins of 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L
Rise be added in reaction bulb at room temperature be mixed reaction 24 hours after obtain zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound, it is spare；
(3) by nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, grind 1 hour in mortar, then exist
It is distributed under high-speed stirred in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continued to stir 30-45min, be put into ball
Ball milling 3h is spare to get modified nano-titanium dioxide in grinding machine；
(4) fish scrap and stalk are mixed and amount of water is added, control initial water content is 50%~60%, then
Complex micro organism fungicide is added thereto after stirring evenly and starts to ferment, stirred after temperature is increased to 55 DEG C once, then will
Zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound prepared by step (2) is added thereto and stirs evenly, primary every stirring in 3 days later, hair
Cooled to room temperature after ferment 15 days, drying, crushes to obtain organic fertilizer, spare；
(5) by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite and step (4) institute
The organic fertilizer of preparation is uniformly mixed, and is added in comminutor and is granulated, it is standby to go out particle of the diameter in 1.5-3mm for sub-sieve after the completion of granulation
With；
(6) water soluble chitosan is completely dissolved in 5 times of amount water and is added thereto gained modified nano-titanium dioxide and stirred
Uniform coating liquid is mixed, it is spare；
(7) particle prepared by step (5) is added in coating machine, is preheated to 50-55 DEG C, then will wrapped obtained by step 6)
Coating solution is sprayed on particle surface drying.
Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould used in the present invention are commercial product.
Fish scrap used in the present invention is a large amount of leftover bits and pieces that fish products generates in process, including fish head, interior
Dirty, fish-skin, fin, fish scale, fish tail, fish-bone and its residual flesh of fish etc., weight accounts for about the 40-55% of raw material fish, if not into
Row is effectively treated, and a large amount of nutriment can also be wasted by not only polluting the environment.The present invention substantially increases fish scrap
Utilization rate, while returning fruit tree and providing sufficient nutrient.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The fertilizer of the present invention is a kind of to integrate biological, inorganic, quick-acting and slow-release fertilizer
Multi-functional prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, biology, inorganic constituents needed for existing suitable fruit tree growth, and have satisfaction
Quick-acting, the slow nutrient of plant different growth periods have fruit quality and significantly improve, especially aobvious to apple effect of increasing production
It writes；In the product organic fertilizer through microbial bacterial agent fermentation after containing a large amount of beneficial bacteriums, organic matter and various trace elements (such as
Calcium, silicon etc.), increase soil beneficial bacterium, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, activating soil after, improves water-retaining property, the utilization rate of fertilizer of soil
And fertilizer lasting effect, the growth and sprawling of soil-borne disease can be inhibited, while may also speed up the oxidation-reduction process in fruit tree,
Fruit tree growth is stimulated, promotes fruit tree metabolism and the function being absorbed and utilized to various nutrient ingredients, fruit tree root system can be promoted
Growth and water suction, the ability for inhaling fertilizer improve fruit tree and sunlight are absorbed and utilized.In addition, zinc ion-the porphyrin added in the present invention
Complexing nano object and other nutrients act synergistically, and can improve generate after complex micro organism fungicide fermentation a variety of has bioactivity
Enzyme activity, such as cellulase, zytase, these enzymes dissolve solable matter to decompose the organic matter in soil, can
To promote absorption of the fruit tree to minerals, promote the growth of fruit tree, improve the growth quality of fruit tree, has the special efficacy of improvement soil concurrently
Property.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：200 parts of urea, phosphorus
200 parts of sour diammonium, 2000 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 100 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 1 part of modified nano-titanium dioxide, sulfuric acid
10 parts of magnesium, 5 parts of borax, 5 parts of diatomite, 50 parts of water soluble chitosan；The organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
300 parts of fish scrap, 500 parts of stalk, 3 parts of complex micro organism fungicide, zinc ion -0.1 part of porphyrin nano complex compound.
The preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows：
(1) after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould being activated respectively 25 in liquid seed culture medium
It cultivates at DEG C 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, it is small that 25 are cultivated at 30 DEG C
Shi Hou, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Complex micro organism fungicide is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding, spare；
(2) by the acetum one of 10ml 1mol/L acetic acid zinc solutions and four pyridylporphyrins of 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L
Rise be added in reaction bulb at room temperature be mixed reaction 24 hours after obtain zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound, it is spare；
(3) by nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, grind 1 hour in mortar, then exist
It is distributed under high-speed stirred in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continued to stir 30-45min, be put into ball
Ball milling 3h is spare to get modified nano-titanium dioxide in grinding machine；
(4) fish scrap and stalk are mixed and amount of water is added, control initial water content is 50%~60%, then
Complex micro organism fungicide is added thereto after stirring evenly and starts to ferment, stirred after temperature is increased to 55 DEG C once, then will
Zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound prepared by step (2) is added thereto and stirs evenly, primary every stirring in 3 days later, hair
Cooled to room temperature after ferment 15 days, drying, crushes to obtain organic fertilizer, spare；
(5) by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite and step (4) institute
The organic fertilizer of preparation is uniformly mixed, and is added in comminutor and is granulated, it is standby to go out particle of the diameter in 1.5-3mm for sub-sieve after the completion of granulation
With；
(6) water soluble chitosan is completely dissolved in 5 times of amount water and is added thereto gained modified nano-titanium dioxide and stirred
Uniform coating liquid is mixed, it is spare；
(7) particle prepared by step (5) is added in coating machine, is preheated to 50-55 DEG C, then will wrapped obtained by step 6)
Coating solution is sprayed on particle surface drying.
Embodiment 2
A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：400 parts of urea, phosphorus
300 parts of sour diammonium, 2500 parts of organic fertilizer, 20 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 200 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 3 parts of modified nano-titanium dioxide, sulfuric acid
30 parts of magnesium, 10 parts of borax, 10 parts of diatomite, 100 parts of water soluble chitosan；The organic fertilizer is by the raw material system of following weight parts
At：500 parts of fish scrap, 800 parts of stalk, 5 parts of complex micro organism fungicide, zinc ion -0.5 part of porphyrin nano complex compound.
The preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows：
(1) after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould being activated respectively 25 in liquid seed culture medium
It cultivates at DEG C 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, it is small that 25 are cultivated at 30 DEG C
Shi Hou, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Complex micro organism fungicide is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding, spare；
(2) by the acetum one of 10ml 1mol/L acetic acid zinc solutions and four pyridylporphyrins of 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L
Rise be added in reaction bulb at room temperature be mixed reaction 24 hours after obtain zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound, it is spare；
(3) by nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, grind 1 hour in mortar, then exist
It is distributed under high-speed stirred in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continued to stir 30-45min, be put into ball
Ball milling 3h is spare to get modified nano-titanium dioxide in grinding machine；
(4) fish scrap and stalk are mixed and amount of water is added, control initial water content is 50%~60%, then
Complex micro organism fungicide is added thereto after stirring evenly and starts to ferment, stirred after temperature is increased to 55 DEG C once, then will
Zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound prepared by step (2) is added thereto and stirs evenly, primary every stirring in 3 days later, hair
Cooled to room temperature after ferment 15 days, drying, crushes to obtain organic fertilizer, spare；
(5) by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite and step (4) institute
The organic fertilizer of preparation is uniformly mixed, and is added in comminutor and is granulated, it is standby to go out particle of the diameter in 1.5-3mm for sub-sieve after the completion of granulation
With；
(6) water soluble chitosan is completely dissolved in 5 times of amount water and is added thereto gained modified nano-titanium dioxide and stirred
Uniform coating liquid is mixed, it is spare；
(7) particle prepared by step (5) is added in coating machine, is preheated to 50-55 DEG C, then will wrapped obtained by step 6)
Coating solution is sprayed on particle surface drying.
Embodiment 3
A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：300 parts of urea, phosphorus
250 parts of sour diammonium, 2300 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 150 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 2 parts of modified nano-titanium dioxide, sulfuric acid
20 parts of magnesium, 8 parts of borax, 7 parts of diatomite, zinc ion -0.2 part of porphyrin nano complex compound, 75 parts of water soluble chitosan；It is described organic
Fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：400 parts of fish scrap, 700 parts of stalk, 4 parts of complex micro organism fungicide.
The preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows：
(1) after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould being activated respectively 25 in liquid seed culture medium
It cultivates at DEG C 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, it is small that 25 are cultivated at 30 DEG C
Shi Hou, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Complex micro organism fungicide is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding, spare；
(2) by the acetum one of 10ml 1mol/L acetic acid zinc solutions and four pyridylporphyrins of 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L
Rise be added in reaction bulb at room temperature be mixed reaction 24 hours after obtain zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound, it is spare；
(3) by nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, grind 1 hour in mortar, then exist
It is distributed under high-speed stirred in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continued to stir 30-45min, be put into ball
Ball milling 3h is spare to get modified nano-titanium dioxide in grinding machine；
(4) fish scrap and stalk are mixed and amount of water is added, control initial water content is 50%~60%, then
Complex micro organism fungicide is added thereto after stirring evenly and starts to ferment, stirred after temperature is increased to 55 DEG C once, then will
Zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound prepared by step (2) is added thereto and stirs evenly, primary every stirring in 3 days later, hair
Cooled to room temperature after ferment 15 days, drying, crushes to obtain organic fertilizer, spare；
(5) by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite and step (4) institute
The organic fertilizer of preparation is uniformly mixed, and is added in comminutor and is granulated, it is standby to go out particle of the diameter in 1.5-3mm for sub-sieve after the completion of granulation
With；
(6) water soluble chitosan is completely dissolved in 5 times of amount water and is added thereto gained modified nano-titanium dioxide and stirred
Uniform coating liquid is mixed, it is spare；
(7) particle prepared by step (5) is added in coating machine, is preheated to 50-55 DEG C, then will wrapped obtained by step 6)
Coating solution is sprayed on particle surface drying.
Comparative example
A kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：300 parts of urea, phosphorus
250 parts of sour diammonium, 2300 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 150 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 2 parts of modified nano-titanium dioxide, sulfuric acid
20 parts of magnesium, 8 parts of borax, 7 parts of diatomite, 75 parts of water soluble chitosan；The organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：
400 parts of fish scrap, 700 parts of stalk, 4 parts of complex micro organism fungicide.
The preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows：
(1) after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould being activated respectively 25 in liquid seed culture medium
It cultivates at DEG C 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, it is small that 25 are cultivated at 30 DEG C
Shi Hou, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Complex micro organism fungicide is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding, spare；
(2) by nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, grind 1 hour in mortar, then exist
It is distributed under high-speed stirred in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continued to stir 30-45min, be put into ball
Ball milling 3h is spare to get modified nano-titanium dioxide in grinding machine；
(3) fish scrap and stalk are mixed and amount of water is added, control initial water content is 50%~60%, then
Complex micro organism fungicide is added thereto after stirring evenly and starts to ferment, stirred once, then often after temperature is increased to 55 DEG C
Every stirring in 3 days, primary, cooled to room temperature after fermentation 15 days, drying crushed to obtain organic fertilizer, spare；
(4) by urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite and step (3) institute
The organic fertilizer of preparation is uniformly mixed, and is added in comminutor and is granulated, it is standby to go out particle of the diameter in 1.5-3mm for sub-sieve after the completion of granulation
With；
(5) water soluble chitosan is completely dissolved in 5 times of amount water and is added thereto gained modified nano-titanium dioxide and stirred
Uniform coating liquid is mixed, it is spare；
(6) particle prepared by step (4) is added in coating machine, is preheated to 50-55 DEG C, then will wrapped obtained by step 5)
Coating solution is sprayed on particle surface drying.
Application effect example
To verify prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type synergy fertilizer of the present invention in prevention and control pest and disease damage, raising yield, improving quality, reduction
Cost, improves the economic benefit of apple-planting, reduces the effect that fertilizer waste is preserved the ecological environment etc., we are to the present invention
Fertilizer application effect studied.
Experimental field：It is chosen within 2016 Hebei province Pingshan County apple cultivation base to be tested, experiment soil is flower hilllock
The yellow earth of rock parent rock weathering clast development, soil productivity situation are：PH value is：6.3, organic matter 13.5g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen
63.4mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 29mg/kg, available potassium 43.8mg/kg.It is experimental field each to handle equal Land leveling, soil fertility is uniform.
Test method and material：It is Fuji apple for examination apple variety, the age of tree 8 years, each to handle test tree 20, size is long
Gesture is almost the same, area per hill 15m2, roll over 667m247 plants of plantation.Experiment sets 6 processing, the processing method of each processing group for
Fruit tree growth initial stage makees base manure trench digging row replacement and is manured into soil, and each processing group dose is identical, and wherein T1 is the application present invention
3 gained soil fertility quality group of embodiment；T2 is using the soil fertility quality group with 3 same recipe of the embodiment of the present invention, the difference is that multiple
It closes and only has Li's Trichoderma in microbial bacterial agent；T3 is using the soil fertility quality group with 3 same recipe of the embodiment of the present invention, difference
Be in complex micro organism fungicide only have Phanerochaete chrysosporium；T4 is using the fertilizer with 3 same recipe of the embodiment of the present invention
Processing group, the difference is that only black-koji mould in complex micro organism fungicide；T5 is using comparative example soil fertility quality group；T6 is application
The common compound organic and inorganic fertilizer processing group of commercially available certain company production, wherein N:P2O5:K2O=16-16-16, total nutrient >=
45%.The each processing group all same of other field management.The whole fruits of picking, which are weighed, counts yield, and to each processing group selection
The identical whole fruits of apple tree picking of 4 tree vigo(u)rs, classification, which is weighed, counts yield, and the solubility of fruit is measured with portable saccharous detector
Solid content, and tree vigo(u)r is measured at scene.Test result is as shown in table 1.
1 different disposal group fruit morphology character analysis statistical result of table
It can be seen that the fertilizer obvious effect of increasing production of the present invention from the result of above-mentioned table 1, and from fruit morphology analysis
It can obtain, compared with T6 groups, after fertilizer of the present invention, single plant yield, every 667m2Yield is significantly increased, effect of increasing production
It is fairly obvious, and T1 processing group fruit soluble solids contents are also relatively high.Though T2, T3 and T4 processing group are compared with T6 groups
So also there is different degrees of units increased in production, but effect of increasing production is not obvious；This is mainly due to fertilizer nutrient releases in the present invention to close
Reason, meets fruit tree growth demand and multiple-microorganism acts synergistically, and probiotics survival rate is high, and being formed by Tiny ecosystem structure can carry
High plant resistance and root system nutrition absorb, and are remarkably improved chemical fertilizer utilization rate.Compared with single microorganism strain, promote
The effect that plant yield-increasing increases income is more notable.And T1 processing group is compared with T5 groups, either single plant yield, per mu yield or fruit
Real soluble solid content, T1 processing group is obviously higher than T5 processing groups, this is because the zinc ion-porphyrin added in invention
Complexing nano object and other nutrients act synergistically, and can improve generate after complex micro organism fungicide fermentation a variety of has bioactivity
Enzyme activity, such as cellulase, zytase, these enzymes dissolve solable matter to decompose the organic matter in soil, can
To promote absorption of the fruit tree to minerals, promote the growth of fruit tree, improve the growth quality of fruit tree, has the special efficacy of improvement soil concurrently
Property, thus the effect of increasing income is more notable.
The present invention is investigated the pest and disease damage of above-mentioned different disposal group fruit tree, and a situation arises and counts, and statistical result is such as
Shown in the following table 2-3.
2 different disposal group apple disease situation statistical result of table
3 different disposal group apple insect pest situation statistical result of table
Find out from table 2, table 3：Apple pest type is various, and field generally occurs, trial zone apple prevalence pest and disease damage master
It will be based on powdery mildew, wheel line decayed fruit disease, smaller apple leafrol- ler, red spider, white spider etc..In identical pest management condition
Under, compared with T5, T6, pest and disease damage incidence significantly reduces T1.And T2, T3, T4 be compared with T6, although pest and disease damage incidence
It decreases, but it is smaller to reduce degree.This is because the bactericidal effect of single microorganism strain is relatively low, and a variety of strains are rationally matched
Wu Hou, each synergistic bacterium effect, reaches a stable microorganism ecological environment, and beneficial bacterium viable count is more, bactericidal effect
Also significantly, resistance and the nutrient absorption for increasing plant are harmonious for fruit.In addition, the fertilizer nutrient release of the present invention is balanced,
The growth demand for meeting fruit tree can also promote the soil fertility level of fertilized soil, improve quality of agricultural product.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer, which is characterized in that it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea
200-400 parts, 200-300 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 2000-2500 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata 100-
200 parts, 1-3 parts of modified nano-titanium dioxide, 10-30 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of borax, 5-10 parts of diatomite, water soluble shells it is poly-
It is 50-100 parts sugared；The organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：300-500 parts of fish scrap, stalk 500-800
Part, 3-5 parts of complex micro organism fungicide, zinc ion -0.1-0.5 parts of porphyrin nano complex compound；The complex micro organism fungicide is logical
Cross what following methods were prepared：In liquid seeds after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould are activated respectively
It cultivates 15-20 hours, is then transferred in sterilized big tank culture medium according to 5% inoculum concentration, 30 at 25 DEG C in culture medium
DEG C culture 25 hours after, by each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Freeze-dried powder is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding to obtain the final product.
2. prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the modified nano-silica
Change titanium to be prepared by the following method：By nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing, in mortar
Middle grinding 1 hour, is then distributed under high velocity agitation in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continues
30-45min is stirred, is put into ball mill ball milling 3h to get modified nano-titanium dioxide.
3. prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the zinc ion-porphyrin
Complexing nano object is prepared using following methods：By 10ml 1mol/L acetic acid zinc solutions and 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L
Four pyridylporphyrins acetum be added to together in reaction bulb at room temperature be mixed reaction 24 hours after to obtain the final product.
4. prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is by following parts by weight
Raw material be made：300 parts of urea, 250 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 2300 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 150 parts of ostreae testa pulverata,
2 parts of modified nano-titanium dioxide, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of borax, 7 parts of diatomite, zinc ion -0.2 part of porphyrin nano complex compound,
75 parts of water soluble chitosan；The organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following weight parts：400 parts of fish scrap, stalk 700
Part, 4 parts of complex micro organism fungicide.
5. the preparation method of prevention and control fruit tree diseases and pests type enhanced fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it includes
Following steps：
(1) after Li's Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, black-koji mould being activated respectively in liquid seed culture medium at 25 DEG C
Culture 15-20 hours, is then transferred to according to 5% inoculum concentration in sterilized big tank culture medium, after being cultivated 25 hours at 30 DEG C,
By each strain according to mass ratio 5:3:Complex micro organism fungicide is made in freeze-drying after 1 compounding, spare；
(2) 10ml 1mol/L acetic acid zinc solutions are added together with the acetum of four pyridylporphyrins of 1.5ml 0.05mmol/L
Zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound is obtained after entering into reaction bulb to be mixed reaction at room temperature 24 hours, it is spare；
(3) by nano-titanium dioxide and triethanolamine according to weight ratio 1:5 mixing are ground 1 hour in mortar, then in high speed
It is distributed under stirring in the water body containing 5% coupling agent KH560, adjusts pH to 8~9, continued to stir 30-45min, be put into ball mill
Middle ball milling 3h is spare to get modified nano-titanium dioxide；
(4) fish scrap and stalk are mixed and amount of water is added, then control initial water content will be answered 50%~60%
Close microbial bacterial agent be added thereto stir evenly after start to ferment, stirred after temperature is increased to 55 DEG C it is primary, then by step
(2) zinc ion-porphyrin nano complex compound prepared by is added thereto and stirs evenly, primary every stirring in 3 days later, fermentation 15
Cooled to room temperature after it, drying, crushes to obtain organic fertilizer, spare；
(5) urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), gamma-polyglutamic acid, ostreae testa pulverata, magnesium sulfate, borax, diatomite and step (4) is prepared
Organic fertilizer be uniformly mixed, be added comminutor in be granulated, it is spare to go out particle of the diameter in 1.5-3mm for sub-sieve after the completion of granulation；
(6) water soluble chitosan is completely dissolved in 5 times of amount water and gained modified nano-titanium dioxide is added thereto stirring
Even coating liquid, it is spare；
(7) particle prepared by step (5) is added in coating machine, is preheated to 50-55 DEG C, it is then that coating obtained by step 6) is molten
Liquid is sprayed on particle surface drying.
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| CN110194705A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-03 | 轩凯生物科技(滁州)有限公司 | A kind of diammonium phosphate compound fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN110194705A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-03 | 轩凯生物科技(滁州)有限公司 | A kind of diammonium phosphate compound fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180828 |