CN103717075A - 用于治疗湿疹的方法 - Google Patents
用于治疗湿疹的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103717075A CN103717075A CN201280038030.0A CN201280038030A CN103717075A CN 103717075 A CN103717075 A CN 103717075A CN 201280038030 A CN201280038030 A CN 201280038030A CN 103717075 A CN103717075 A CN 103717075A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- eczema
- surfactant
- isothiocyanates
- coupling part
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=S ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003435 aroyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004415 heterocyclylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 206010012442 Dermatitis contact Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
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- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000008742 seborrheic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000005373 Dyshidrotic Eczema Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 206010039793 Seborrhoeic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 206010041955 Stasis dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000009053 Neurodermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 5
- -1 clothes Substances 0.000 description 44
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 8
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- 125000003696 stearoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- ZWZVWGITAAIFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=S ZWZVWGITAAIFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DUXYWXYOBMKGIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimyristin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC DUXYWXYOBMKGIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010039792 Seborrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- NQGIJDNPUZEBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O NQGIJDNPUZEBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 229940045998 sodium isethionate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- KANINNSSRWMGIP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate;dodecyl sulfate;hexadecan-1-ol;methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate;octadecan-1-ol;propane-1,2-diol;propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(O)CO.COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO KANINNSSRWMGIP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
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Abstract
用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括向受湿疹影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的步骤,其中所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团。
Description
与相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求美国临时申请序号61/431,977,2011年1月12日提交的题为″用于治疗湿疹的方法″,和美国临时申请序号61/502,113,2011年6月28日提交的题为″用于治疗湿疹的方法″的权益,-通过援引将其全部并入本文,包括其中引用的全部参考文献。
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明通常涉及用于治疗湿疹(即皮炎)的方法,和更特别地涉及用于治疗湿疹多种形式,包括但不限于特应性湿疹的方法。
2.背景技术
湿疹是许多类型的皮肤炎症的通用术语,也称为皮炎。湿疹的最常见形式是特应性湿疹或皮炎(应注意,许多从业者互换地使用术语湿疹和皮炎)。然而,存在湿疹的许多其它不同形式,包括接触性湿疹,变应性接触性湿疹,脂溢性湿疹,钱币状湿疹,神经性皮炎,淤滞性皮炎,汗疱湿疹(dyshidrotic eczema)等。
湿疹发生在全部种族的人群中且能够影响任意年龄的人群,尽管该病症在婴儿当中最为常见且约85%的人在5岁之前发作。一般地,在仅约一半的受影响婴儿中,湿疹于3岁得以完全解决。在其它婴儿中,该病症倾向于在其整个生命中复发。患有湿疹的人常常具有该病症的家族史或其它变应性病症比如哮喘和/或枯草热的家族史。据信大约20%的儿童和大约1%-5%的成人患有湿疹。这意味着仅在美国就有超过大约一千五百万人表现出该病的症状。虽然湿疹已知并不是接触传染的,据信其至少是部分遗传的。因此,常常发现同一家庭的多个成员受到影响。
虽然医生不知道湿疹的精确原因,据信为重要因素的是:损伤皮肤的屏障功能的缺陷,以及可能与之组合的免疫系统的异常功能。研究已显示在患有特应性皮炎的人群中,存在导致某些蛋白(例如聚纤蛋白)异常的基因缺陷,所述蛋白在保持正常皮肤屏障中是重要的。湿疹的某些形式能够通过与皮肤接触的物质触发,所述物质是比如皂、化妆品、衣服、清洁剂、珠宝或汗水。环境变应原(导致变应性反应的物质)还可以导致湿疹爆发。在某些人群中,温度或湿度的变化或甚至心理学应激都能够导致湿疹爆发。
尽管湿疹的外观因人而异且随湿疹的具体类型变化,最一般地,湿疹导致干燥变红的皮肤,其瘙痒和/或灼热。一般地,严重瘙痒是大多数患湿疹人群中的第一症状。有时湿疹可以导致水疱和渗液的伤口,但是湿疹还能够引起干燥和鳞状的皮肤。反复挠痒可以导致增厚且有痂的皮肤。
虽然身体的任意区域都可以被湿疹影响,但湿疹一般在儿童和成人中发生于脸,颈和肘弯、膝盖和脚踝的内侧。在婴儿中,湿疹一般发生在前额、脸颊、前臂、腿、头皮和颈。
有时,湿疹能够作为短暂反应发生,其仅导致数小时或数天的症状;但在另外的情况下,症状持续更长时间且称为慢性皮炎。
存在湿疹的许多不同形式,包括特应性湿疹或皮炎,接触性湿疹,变应性接触性湿疹,脂溢性湿疹,钱币状湿疹,神经性皮炎,淤滞性皮炎,和汗疱湿疹。
特应性皮炎是表现为瘙痒、发炎的皮肤的慢性皮肤病,并且是湿疹的最常见原因。取决于对触发物或成因性因素的暴露,该病症倾向于反复发作和消退。可以导致特应性皮炎(变应原)的因素包括环境因素比如霉菌、花粉或污染物;接触性刺激物比如皂、清洁剂、镍(珠宝中存在)或香料;食物变态反应;或其它变态反应。发展出该病症的那些人中约2/3在1岁之前就已发病。如果疾病在婴儿期开始,则其有时称为婴儿性湿疹。
接触性湿疹(即接触性皮炎)是局部反应,包括皮肤与变应原(个体敏感的致变态反应物质)接触或与一般刺激性比如酸、清洁剂或其它化学品接触的区域的发红、瘙痒和灼热。接触性湿疹的其它实例包括对洗衣清洁剂、皂、镍(珠宝中存在)、化妆品、织物、衣服和香料的反应。由于个体接触大量物质,可能难以确定接触性皮炎的触发物。如果触发物是变应原,则该病症有时称为变应性接触性湿疹(也即变应性接触性皮炎),而如果触发物是刺激物,则称为刺激性接触性湿疹(也即刺激性接触性皮炎)。对毒叶藤、橡树和/或漆树的皮肤反应是变应性接触性湿疹的实例。有变态反应史的人具有增加的发展接触性湿疹的风险。
脂溢性湿疹(也即脂溢性皮炎)是原因未知的皮肤炎症形式。脂溢性湿疹的征兆和症状包括头皮、脸和有时候身体其它部分的皮肤的淡黄色、油性、鳞状碎屑。头皮屑和婴儿的″乳痂″是脂溢性湿疹的实例。脂溢性皮炎常常于脸部皱褶和/或鼻褶处引起脸部炎症。脂溢性皮炎不一定与瘙痒关联。该病症倾向于在家族中发生。情绪应激、油性皮肤、不经常洗浴和气候条件全部可以增加人发展脂溢性湿疹的风险。脂溢性湿疹的一种类型也常见于患AIDS的人群中。
钱币状湿疹(也即钱币状皮炎)表征为受刺激皮肤的钱币状碎屑–最一般位于臂、背、臀和小腿–其可以是生外皮、起鳞和极度瘙痒的。湿疹的该形式相对不常见且最频繁地发生在老年人当中。钱币状湿疹通常是慢性病症。特应性皮炎、哮喘或变态反应的个人或家族史增加发展病症的风险。
神经性皮炎,也称为慢性单纯性苔藓,是由挠-痒循环引起的慢性皮肤炎症,其起始于局部瘙痒(例如昆虫叮咬),其在挠痒时受到强烈刺激。女性比男性更一般地受神经性皮炎影响,且该病症在20-50岁的人群中最多发。湿疹的该形式引起头、小腿、手腕或前臂的皮肤的鳞状碎屑。随时间,皮肤能够变得增厚和皮质化。应激能够恶化神经性皮炎的症状。
淤滞性皮炎是小腿上的皮肤刺激,一般涉及称为静脉功能不全的循环问题,其中静脉中的阀门功能受到损害。淤滞性皮炎几乎排它地发生于中年和老年人群中,大约6%-7%的超过50岁的人群受该病症影响。发展淤滞性皮炎的风险随年龄增加。症状包括一条或两条腿上的皮肤上的瘙痒和/或红-褐变色。该病症的进展能够导致湿疹的其它形式中也观察到的发疱、渗液皮肤伤口,且溃疡可以在受影响区域发展。慢性循环问题在腿中导致体液积累增加或水肿。淤滞性皮炎也称为曲张性湿疹。
汗疱湿疹(也即出汗障碍性皮炎)是手掌和脚底上的皮肤刺激,其表征为瘙痒和灼热的透明深水疱。汗疱湿疹的原因是未知的。汗疱湿疹也称为囊状掌跖皮炎、出汗障碍或汗疱。湿疹的该形式发生于多至20%的患手湿疹人群,并且在春季和夏季各月期间和在更温暖的气候中更常见。
就申请人尽力所知,时至今日,治疗湿疹的传统目标仅仅是使得瘙痒、炎症和/或病症的恶化最小化。湿疹的治疗一般牵涉生活方式的改变和药物的使用。
在某些情况下,开出皮质类固醇霜剂用以减少皮肤中的炎性反应。然而,所述霜剂充满缺点。此外,两种局部(霜剂)药物已由U.S.FDA批准用于治疗湿疹:他克莫司(Protopic)和吡美莫司(Elidel)。这些药物属于免疫抑制剂药物类别,称为神经钙蛋白抑制剂。在2005年,FDA发出关于使用这些药物的警告,引用了动物研究,其显示在使用这些药物与发展某些类型的癌症之间的可能关联。因此,从致癌和其它角度来看,使用神经钙蛋白抑制剂显得是有问题的。
虽然上述医学治疗确实显得向罹患湿疹的那些人群提供了至少某些缓解,但所述治疗一直不是希望的和/或是有问题的。尤其是,上述治疗中并无任一种提供对湿疹的致衰弱效果的充分的治疗性缓解,且无物质缺点。
因此,本发明的目的是提供用于治疗湿疹的方法,其提供对人患湿疹时存在的症状的适时缓解。
参考说明书、权利要求和附图后,本发明的这些和其它目的将变得明显。
发明内容
在一种实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,其包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂(functional surfactant),其中所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团。
在本发明的又一实施方式中,用于治疗湿疹的方法还包括从受湿疹影响的区域除去异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的步骤。
在又一示范性实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,其包括下述步骤:(a)向受湿疹影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂,其中所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团;(b)从受湿疹影响的区域除去所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂;和(c)重复向受影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂和从受影响的区域除去异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的步骤。
本发明也涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,其包括下述步骤:用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂洗涤受湿疹影响的区域,其中所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团。
本发明还涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,其包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用赖氨酸衍生物,其中所述赖氨酸衍生物包含α-氮和ε-氮,和其中包含至少大约8个碳原子的烷基和/或烷酰基取代基与α-氮结合,且进一步地其中至少一个异硫氰酸酯官能团与ε-氮结合。
本发明还涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,其包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中所述表面活性剂包含非极性部分(NP)和极性部分(P),和其中至少一个异硫氰酸酯官能团(NCS)与极性和/或非极性部分结合。
在又一实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中R1包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐(phosphonium salt)及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团(linking group),或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分(linkage);与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分;其中R2包含NCS;和其中R3-R5是相同或不同的且包含H;OH;含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分,条件是R3-R5中至少一个包含含有大约8至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团。
本发明也涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中X包含大约1至大约25的整数,和其中Y包含大约6至大约25的整数。
在优选的实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
在又一实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中R1包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分;其中R2包含NCS;其中R3-R5是相同或不同的且包含H;OH;含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分,条件是R3-R5中至少一个包含含有大约8至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中X包含平衡阳离子,比如但不限于碱金属、碱土金属、过渡金属、s-区金属、d-区金属,p-区金属,NZ4 +,其中Z包含H、R6和/或OR6,和其中R6包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分。
在又一优选的实施方式中,本发明涉及如上文所公开的用于治疗湿疹的方法,其还包括施用额外的表面活性剂的步骤,其中所述额外的表面活性剂选自包含非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂及其组合中的至少一种。
发明详述
虽然本发明容许有许多不同形式的实施方式,且在附图中展示了且本文详细描述了数种具体实施方式,但应理解本发明的公开应视为对本发明原理的举例说明,而并不期望将本发明限制为举例说明的实施方式。
按照本发明,本文提供令人惊讶地有效的用于治疗湿疹的方法。尤其是,公开了用于治疗多个类型的湿疹,包括特应性湿疹,接触性湿疹,变应性接触性湿疹,脂溢性湿疹,钱币状湿疹,神经性皮炎,淤滞性皮炎,和汗疱湿疹的方法。
在一种实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用一种或多种异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂。优选,异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含一个或多个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团。应理解受湿疹影响的区域可以包含与其中存在身体症状表现的区域邻近和/或邻接的区域。身体症状包括例如不适,瘙痒,灼热,红斑,发疱,表皮坏死,脱屑,变色,和/或色素沉着过度–仅举数例。还应理解异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂,无论其通常含义,在本文中定义为具有与其结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团的表面活性剂。还应理解术语“结合”在本文中用于化学内容,无论其通常含义,在本文中定义为附着、共价键、极性共价键、离子键、氢键、范德华力、静电相互作用、直接和/或间接连接等。
术语“表面活性剂”源自术语“表面活性试剂”的简写,且在本文定义为能够修饰其所处液体(含水和非水)的界面特性的分子和/或分子组。这些分子的表面活性剂特性在于其两性特征,所述特征源自各表面活性剂分子同时具有亲水部分和疏水(或亲油)部分,且这些部分各自程度平衡,使得它们在临界胶束浓度(也即CMC)或更低的浓度一般集中于气-液界面并实质地降低界面张力。例如,多至C8长度的饱和羧酸钠盐极度可溶于水,从而不是真正的表面活性剂。C9多至C18长度的饱和羧酸钠盐变得较少溶于水,其是这类化合物的有效表面活性剂范围。起始自C16链长,羧酸(脂肪酸)可以是饱和的或不饱和的。
不受任一特定理论限制,据信本文公开的异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂通过增强身体免疫系统促进许多形式的湿疹的治疗。还据信,本文公开的异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂促进II相酶(例如HAD(P)H奎宁氧化还原酶)的升高,所述酶据信尤其调节体内炎性反应,以及解毒致癌物和/或活性致癌物。
按照本发明,异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂可以用作局部保留(leave-on)产品,其中一种或多种表面活性剂保留在皮肤上并且不立即和/或从不从皮肤洗去。另选地,本发明的异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂可以以施用-和-冲洗方式用作局部洗涤剂。对于两种情况,优选的是异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂一般对于人类皮肤温和(例如无刺激性或低刺激性)。尤其是,衍生自氨基酸的阴离子N-烷酰基表面活性剂是特别优选的。原因是,虽然不可完全预测,它们具有温和的倾向。本发明详述的制备方法使用,但不限于,具有至少2个胺官能团的氨基酸,所述官能团中至少一个转化为N-烷酰基官能团,而所述官能团中至少一个转化为异硫氰酸酯官能团。氨基酸包括但不限于α-氨基酸赖氨酸,鸟氨酸,2,4-二氨基丁酸,2,3-二氨基丙酸,2,7-二氨基庚酸,和2,8-二氨基辛酸。额外地,可以使用并非α-氨基酸的氨基酸,比如β-氨基酸等。应理解氨基酸衍生的表面活性剂出于其温和特性是优选的,但根据本发明也类似地预期使用许多其它表面活性剂中任一种。
制备异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂和/或其前体的方法能够牵涉但不限于将胺官能团转化为异硫氰酸酯官能团。将胺官能团转化为异硫氰酸酯官能团的方法包括,但不限于:(1)与二硫化碳反应,产生中间体二硫代氨基甲酸酯,随后与氯甲酸乙酯或其功能等价物比如二(三氯甲基)-碳酸酯、氯甲酸三氯甲基酯或光气反应;(2)与硫光气反应;(3)与1,1′-硫羰基二咪唑反应;(4)与苯基硫代氯甲酸酯反应;(5)与硫氰酸铵或碱金属盐反应以制备中间体硫脲,随后经由加热裂解为异硫氰酸酯;和(6)与异硫氰酸基酰卤[SCN-(CH2)n-CO-Cl]反应。所得异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂,取决于制备方法,能够分离为纯物质或与其它表面活性剂的混合物。所得异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂,取决于制备方法,能够得以分离,和以非离子形式、阴离子形式、阳离子形式、两性离子(两性)形式直接使用;和/或以中性表面活性剂-前体形式与碱比如氢氧化钠或三乙醇胺组合使用,前提是所述中性表面活性剂-前体形式具有质子化羧酸基团,从而与碱的反应(脱质子化)将中性表面活性剂-前体形式转化为阴离子表面活性剂;或以中性表面活性剂-前体形式与酸组合使用,前提是所述中性表面活性剂-前体形式具有胺官能团,从而与酸的反应(质子化)将中性表面活性剂-前体形式转化为阳离子表面活性剂。
按照本发明施用步骤包括但不限于喷雾,滴注,轻敷,磨搓,印迹,浸渍及其任意组合。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂在一定时间段之后从受影响的区域除去。上述时间段包含但不限于秒(例如,1秒,2秒,5秒,10秒,15秒,20秒,30秒,45秒,和60秒),分(例如,1分钟,2分钟,5分钟,10分钟,15分钟,20分钟,30分钟,45分钟,和60分钟),小时(例如,1小时,2小时,4小时,5小时,8小时,10小时,15小时,24小时,36小时,48小时,和60小时),天(例如,1天,2天,3天,4天,5天,6天,7天,10天,14天,21天,30天)等。应理解除去步骤优选经由冲洗、擦拭和/或提取进行-仅举数例。
取决于受试者和/或湿疹的严重性,多次施用可以是必需的。如此,施用和/或除去异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的步骤可以重复一次或多次。
本发明也涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用赖氨酸衍生物,其中所述赖氨酸衍生物包含α-氮和ε-氮。优选,包含至少大约8个碳原子的烷基取代基与α-氮结合。优选,至少一个异硫氰酸酯官能团与ε-氮结合。
本发明还涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂,其中所述表面活性剂由下述化学结构代表:
和其中所述表面活性剂包含非极性部分(NP)和极性部分(P),和其中至少一个异硫氰酸酯官能团(NCS)与极性和/或非极性部分结合。
本发明还涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中R1包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分;其中R2包含NCS;和其中R3-R5是相同或不同的且包含H;OH;含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分,条件是R3-R5中至少一个含有大约8至大约25个碳原子的包含烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团。
在该实施方式中,表面活性剂优选由下述化学结构代表:
其中X包含大约1至大约25的整数,和其中Y包含大约6至大约25的整数。
更优选,表面活性剂由下述化学结构代表:
在又一实施方式中,本发明涉及用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中R1包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分;其中R2包含NCS;其中R3-R5是相同或不同的且包含H;OH;含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分,条件是R3-R5中至少一个包含含有大约8至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中X包含平衡阳离子,比如但不限于碱金属、碱土金属、过渡金属、s-区金属、d-区金属,p-区金属,NZ4 +,其中Z包含H、R6和/或OR6,和其中R6包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分。
按照本发明,异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂还可以与一种或多种额外的表面活性剂结合,其中所述额外的表面活性剂选自包含非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂及其组合的组中的至少一种。
优选的阴离子表面活性剂的非限制性实例包括牛磺酸盐;羟乙基磺酸盐;烷基和烷基醚硫酸盐;琥珀酰胺酸盐(succinamates);烷基磺酸盐,烷基芳基磺酸盐;烯烃磺酸盐;烷氧基烷烃磺酸盐;脂肪酸的钠盐和钾盐,其衍生自天然植物或动物来源或合成制备;烷基化的和酰化的氨基酸和肽的钠、钾、铵和烷基化铵盐;烷基化的磺基乙酸盐;烷基化的磺基琥珀酸盐;酰基甘油酯磺酸盐,烷氧基醚磺酸盐;磷酸酯;磷脂;及其组合。预期使用的特定阴离子表面活性剂包括但不限于,椰油酰羟乙基磺酸铵,椰油酰羟乙基磺酸钠,月桂酰基羟乙基磺酸钠,硬脂酰羟乙基磺酸钠,月桂酰基肌氨酸钠,椰油酰肌氨酸钠,月桂基肌氨酸钠,月桂基醚磺基琥珀酸二钠,月桂基磺基乙酸钠,椰油酰谷氨酸钠,TEA-椰油酰谷氨酸盐,TEA椰油酰丙氨酸盐,椰油酰牛磺酸钠,鲸蜡基磷酸钾。
优选阳离子表面活性剂的非限制性实例包括烷基化的季铵盐R4NX;烷基化的氨基-酰胺(RCONH-(CH2)n)NR3X;烷基咪唑啉;烷氧基化的胺;及其组合。预期使用的阴离子表面活性剂的特定实例包括但不限于,鲸蜡基氯化铵,鲸蜡基溴化铵,月桂基氯化铵,月桂基溴化铵,硬脂基氯化铵,硬脂基溴化铵,鲸蜡基二甲基氯化铵,鲸蜡基二甲基溴化铵,月桂基二甲基氯化铵,月桂基二甲基溴化铵,硬脂基二甲基氯化铵,硬脂基二甲基溴化铵,鲸蜡基三甲基氯化铵,鲸蜡基三甲基溴化铵,月桂基三甲基氯化铵,月桂基三甲基溴化铵,硬脂基三甲基氯化铵,硬脂基三甲基溴化铵,月桂基二甲基氯化铵,硬脂基二甲基鲸蜡基二牛油基二甲基氯化铵,二鲸蜡基氯化铵,二月桂基氯化铵,二月桂基溴化铵,二硬脂基氯化铵,二硬脂基溴化铵,二鲸蜡基甲基氯化铵,二鲸蜡基甲基溴化铵,二月桂基甲基氯化铵,二硬脂基甲基氯化铵,二硬脂基甲基溴化铵,二牛油基二甲基氯化铵,二牛油基二甲基硫酸铵,二(氢化牛油)二甲基氯化铵,二(氢化牛油)二甲基乙酸铵,二牛油基二丙基磷酸铵,二牛油基二甲基硝酸铵,二(椰油烷基)二甲基氯化铵,二(椰油烷基)二甲基溴化铵,牛油氯化铵,椰子氯化铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基PG-铵(imonium)氯化物磷酸盐,硬脂酰胺基丙基乙基二铵乙基硫酸盐,硬脂亚氨基丙基二甲基(乙酸肉豆蔻酯)氯化铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基二甲基鲸蜡芳基甲苯磺酸铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基二甲基氯化铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基二甲基乳酸铵,二牛油基氧基乙基二甲基氯化铵,山嵛酸酰胺基丙基PG二铵氯化物,二月桂基二甲基氯化铵,二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵,二肉豆蔻基二甲基氯化铵,二棕榈基二甲基氯化铵,二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基PG-二铵氯化物磷酸盐,硬脂酰胺基丙基乙基二铵乙基硫酸盐,硬脂酰胺基丙基二甲基(乙酸肉豆蔻酯)氯化铵,硬脂亚氨基丙基二甲基鲸蜡芳基甲苯磺酸铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基二甲基氯化铵,硬脂酰胺基丙基二甲基乳酸铵。
优选非离子表面活性剂的非限制性实例包括醇,烷醇酰胺,胺氧化物,酯(包括甘油酯、乙氧基化甘油酯、聚甘油酯、去水山梨糖醇酯、碳水化合物酯、乙氧基化羧酸、磷酸三酯),醚(包括乙氧基化醇,烷基葡糖苷,乙氧基化聚氧化丙烯(ethoxylated polypropylene oxideethers),烷基化聚环氧乙烷,烷基化的聚环氧丙烷,烷基化PEG/PPO共聚物),有机硅共聚多元醇。预期使用的非离子表面活性剂的特定实例包括但不限于鲸蜡硬脂醇,鲸蜡硬脂醇醚-20,壬苯醇醚-9,C12-15聚链烷醇聚醚-9(pareth-9),POE(4)月桂基醚,椰油酰胺DEA,二硬脂酸二醇酯,硬脂酸甘油酯,PEG-100硬脂酸酯,硬脂山梨坦,PEG-8月桂酸酯,聚甘油-10三月桂酸酯,月桂基糖苷,辛基苯氧基-聚乙氧基乙醇,PEG-4月桂酸酯,聚甘油二异硬脂酸酯,聚山梨醇-60,PEG-200异硬脂基棕榈酸酯,去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯,聚山梨醇-80。
优选两性离子或两性表面活性剂的非限制性实例包括甜菜碱;磺基甜菜碱(sultaines);羟基磺基甜菜碱,酰胺基甜菜碱,酰胺基磺酰甜菜碱;及其组合。预期使用的两性表面活性剂的特定实例包括但不限于椰油酰胺基丙基磺基甜菜碱,椰油酰胺基丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱,椰油酰胺基丙基甜菜碱,椰油酰二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱,月桂基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱,月桂基二甲基α羧基乙基甜菜碱,鲸蜡基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱,鲸蜡基二甲基甜菜碱,月桂基(2-双羟基)羧基甲基甜菜碱,硬脂基二-(2-羟基乙基)羧基甲基甜菜碱,油烯基二甲基γ-羧基丙基甜菜碱,月桂基二-(2-羟基丙基)α羧基甲基甜菜碱,椰油基二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱,硬脂基二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱,月桂基二甲基磺基乙基甜菜碱,月桂基二(2-羟基乙基)磺基丙基甜菜碱,油基甜菜碱,椰油酰胺基丙基甜菜碱。
本发明通过下述实施例进一步描述。
实施例1
制备Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合(isothiocyanato)-L-赖氨酸与Nα,Nε-二-月桂酰基-L-赖氨酸的混合物
向配有塔顶机械不锈钢桨叶搅拌器的1升烧杯加入100mL的1MNaOH(0.100mol)。进行搅拌,用盐/冰浴将烧杯冷却至-5℃至-10℃。随后,加入23.4g(0.100mol)的Nε-亚苄基-L-赖氨酸(经由Bezas,B andZervas,L,JACS,83,1961,719-722方法制备)。保持溶液冷却,然后立即以2个相等部分在6分钟期间内加入140mL(0.140mol)的预冷(盐/冰浴)1M NaOH和26.1mL的月桂酰氯。于-5至-10℃,再搅拌混合物10分钟,然后除去冰浴,再搅拌反应混合物1小时并温热至室温。随后,用盐/冰浴冷却反应混合物,然后加入充足的浓HCl以调节pH至7.5-7.8。于7.8-7.8的pH且继续冷却和搅拌,经由额外的漏斗,在1小时时间段内滴加4.6mL(60%的化学计量,0.068mol)的硫光气。在该时间期间,加入充足的1M NaOH将pH范围保持在7.5-7.8。在硫光气加入完成之后,加入必需的额外1M NaOH直至pH稳定于7.5-7.8范围。随后,加入充足的30%NaOH,调节pH为大约8.5。随后,快速加入12mL(0.051mol)月桂酰氯,随后加入充足的1MNaOH以保持pH为8.00-8.50范围。随后,加入充足的浓HCl以调节pH至1.5。反应混合物经由真空过滤进行过滤,沉淀用稀释HCl(pH=2)洗涤。产品是白色湿润固体,在真空中加热至60℃将其干燥。获得45.19g的白色固体产品,主要是Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸和Nα,Nε-二-月桂酰基-L-赖氨酸的混合物(经由LC-MS分析确定)。该混合物中的两种化合物能够同时转化为阴离子(羧酸盐)表面活性剂:与NaOH反应,产生透明的表面活性剂水溶液。
实施例II
制备纯的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸
步骤1:制备Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-苄氧羰基-L-赖氨酸
将购自Atomole Scientific Company,LTD的60.0g的Nε-cbz-L-赖氨酸(cbz是苄氧羰基)与1200mL RO水一起加入3升烧杯,搅拌混合物。随后,加入39mL的30%含水NaOH,引起Nε-cbz-L-赖氨酸的溶解。所得溶液在冰浴中冷却,然后加入52.5mL的月桂酰氯。30分钟后除去冰浴,继续搅拌额外的6小时,此时加入18mL的浓盐酸。然后,经由真空过滤反应混合物,白色固体产品用1M含水HCl洗涤,然后加热至大约85℃在真空中干燥固体产品。获得96.5g的无水白色固体产品。产品进一步纯化:溶于甲醇,滤去任意不溶沉淀,和在真空中除去甲醇以获得白色固体产品(mp99.5-103.0℃)。
步骤2:制备Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-氯化铵-L-赖氨酸
将10.0g的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-苄氧羰基-L-赖氨酸称量入配有磁力搅拌子的1升锥形烧瓶。加入150mL的浓盐酸,搅拌溶液,在油浴中加热至104℃,然后随油浴冷却至室温。然后,将溶液冷却至9℃持续大约4小时,在此期间形成大量白色沉淀。在真空中过滤反应混合物,用少量冷1M HCl冲洗。然后,加热至78℃在真空中干燥白色固体反应产品,产生7.89g的白色固体产品(mp191-193℃)。
步骤3:制备Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸
在配有磁力搅拌子的125mL锥形烧瓶中,将0.46mL的硫光气加至30mL的二氯甲烷。向该溶液在15分钟内滴加由2.00g Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-氯化铵-L-赖氨酸、10mL RO水和2.7mL20%含水NaOH组成的溶液。继续搅拌额外的30分钟,此后加入充足的浓盐酸以将pH降低至1,如pHydrion纸所测。然后,将反应溶液转移入分液漏斗,分离底部浑浊的二氯甲烷层,用无水硫酸镁干燥,重力过滤。向滤液加入50mL的己烷。然后,经由阱至阱(trap-to-trap)蒸馏除去34mL的溶剂浓缩溶液,然后置于-19℃的冷藏器中。在数小时之后形成白色沉淀块,经由真空过滤分离,然后在真空中干燥2小时。获得1.130g的稍带米白色的固体粉末产品,[mp37.0-39.0℃;IR(cm-1),3301sb,2923s,2852s,2184m,2099s,1721s,1650s,1531s,1456m,1416w,1347m,1216m,1136w]。分析(Midwest Microlab,LLC):计算:C,61.58%;H9.25%;N,7.56%;O,12.95%;S,8.65%。实测:C,61.64%;H,9.21%;N,7.58%;O,13.01%;S,8.55%。
步骤4:经由冻干分离Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸钠。
将0.147g的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸与2g的RO水和0.39mL的1.00M NaOH合并于50mL单颈圆底烧瓶中并搅拌,过滤入250mL单颈圆底烧瓶,产生透明淡琥珀色溶液。然后,在旋转下将烧瓶没入干冰/丙酮浴,在烧瓶壁上产生固体包覆,将烧瓶排空(0.10mm Hg)并从冰浴移除。抽真空1小时,产生水可溶性表面活性剂Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸钠的无水白色固体粉末。[mp47-55℃成为透明无色粘稠液体小滴;IR(矿物油研磨,cm-1),3300m酰胺N-H str;2188s,2107s N=C str;1627s,酰胺C=O str;1593s羧酸盐C=O str]
实施例III
制备用于治疗湿疹的2-部分配制剂
局部施用至皮肤的2-部分配制剂制备如下:
部分I:在研钵和研棒中,制备Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸于Dow Corning DC344流体(八甲基-环四硅氧烷和十甲基-环五硅氧烷的混合物)中的25%质量混合物,以产生载入5ml塑料一次性注射器中的糊剂。并未使用注射器针。相反,注射器的分配端除了在分配时(其不用注射器针地向手掌中分配)是封盖的。
部分II:部分II由Cetaphil保湿洗液组成,向其加入额外的三乙醇胺(TEA),从而额外的三乙醇胺的浓度是0.006g三乙醇胺/克洗液,将Cetaphil洗液的pH从7.74提高至8.77。
向皮肤施用配制剂的优选指导:从注射器将0.2mL部分的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸/DC344混合物分配入手掌(大约0.13g的混合物)。随后,将两次喷溅的Cetaphil/TEA洗液分配于Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸/DC344混合物顶部(大约2.8g的洗液)。随后,用另一手的食指将各组分彻底混合大约30秒,在此期间水不溶的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸表面活性剂-前体得以脱质子化的,产生水-可溶的阴离子(羧酸盐)表面活性剂,得到匀质的平滑白色洗液(这将pH降至7.4)。然后,如施用任意保湿洗液那样,通过轻柔磨搓将该混合物施用至患病区域。推荐处理2至3次/天直至湿疹症状平息。
实施例IV
制备用于治疗湿疹1-部分配制剂
用于局部施用至皮肤的1-部分配制剂制备如下:
首先,将0.00025%(重量;5.0微摩尔每升)的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸酯(isothiocyanate)-L-赖氨酸钠,在实施例II步骤3中提供的物质的钠盐,与2%月桂基PEG-10甲基醚二甲硅油(可商购自ClearChemical Corporation,Holland,Michigan)混合,用2,6,10,15,19,23-六甲基二十四烷(可商购自Sigma-Aldrich)补足100%。应理解Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸酯-L-赖氨酸钠的浓度可以是大约0.000001%至大约50%。额外浓度的非限制性实施例包括0.0005%,0.005%,0.005%,0.005%,0.05%,0.5%,5%-仅举数例。还应理解月桂基PEG-10甲基醚二甲硅油的浓度可以是大约0.00001%至大约50%。
向皮肤施用1-部分配制剂的优选指导:如施用保湿洗液那样,通过轻柔地磨搓将0.1-1.0mL部分的1-部分配制剂从容器分配入手掌,随后给药至受影响区域和/或直接分配至受影响区域上。推荐处理1至4次/天直至湿疹症状平息。
实施例V
制备用于治疗湿疹的1-部分配制剂
用于局部施用至皮肤的1-部分油基配制剂制备如下:
在搅拌和温热至50℃下,将冻干的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸钠(0.15g)溶于29.85g的精制霍霍巴油,产生透明无色溶液,其是0.50%质量的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸钠。随后,将0.10g的该溶液与69.90g的精制霍霍巴油、20.0g的重矿物油和10.0g的角鲨烷相组合,产生油基配制剂,其是0.00050%质量的Nα-月桂酰基-Nε-异硫氰酸根合-L-赖氨酸钠。所用的油出于示例意图而提供,并非解释为以任何方式限制本发明。因此,油可以是液体、固体或凝胶,和可以是合成的或天然来源,和包括但不限于蜡,酯,脂质,脂肪,甘油酯,环状有机硅,线性有机硅,交联有机硅,烷基有机硅,有机硅共聚多元醇,烷基化有机硅共聚多元醇,和/或烃,和/或全部这些的乙氧基化形式。
前述描述仅仅解释和说明本发明,本发明并不限制于此,而是如所附权利要求所限。参阅了本发明的本领域技术人员将能够对其进行修饰而不背离本发明的范围。
Claims (12)
1.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-向受湿疹影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂,其中所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团。
2.根据权利要求1的用于治疗湿疹的方法,还包括从受湿疹影响的区域除去异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的步骤。
3.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-向受湿疹影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂,其中异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团;
-从受湿疹影响的区域除去异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂;和
-重复向受影响的区域施用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂和从受影响的区域除去异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的步骤。
4.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-用异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂洗涤受湿疹影响的区域,其中所述异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂包含至少一个与异硫氰酸酯官能表面活性剂的脂族和/或芳族碳原子结合的异硫氰酸酯官能团。
5.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-向受湿疹影响的区域施用赖氨酸衍生物,其中所述赖氨酸衍生物包含α-氮和ε-氮,和其中包含至少大约8个碳原子的烷基和/或烷酰基取代基与α-氮结合,和进一步地其中至少一个异硫氰酸酯官能团与ε-氮结合。
7.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中R1包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中所述碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分;其中R2包含NCS;和其中R3-R5是相同或不同的且包含H;OH;含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中所述碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分,条件是R3-R5中至少一个包含含有大约8至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团。
8.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂的质子化形式由下述化学结构代表:
其中X包含大约1至大约25的整数,和其中Y包含大约6至大约25的整数。
10.用于治疗湿疹的方法,包括下述步骤:
-向受湿疹影响的区域施用表面活性剂或其药学上可接受的盐,其中所述表面活性剂由下述化学结构代表:
其中R1包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中所述碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分;其中R2包含NCS;其中R3-R5是相同或不同的和包含H;OH;含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中所述碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分,条件是R3-R5中至少一个包含含有大约8至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中X包含平衡阳离子,比如但不限于碱金属、碱土金属、过渡金属、s-区金属、d-区金属,p-区金属、NZ4 +,其中Z包含H、R6和/或OR6,和其中R6包含含有大约1至大约25个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、多环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基、烷酰基、芳酰基、烯基、炔基和/或氰基基团,其中碳原子可以是与含卤素、N、O和/或S的部分,和/或包含醇、酯、铵盐、鏻盐及其组合的一个或多个官能团的连接基团,或它们的部分;与二聚体的连接部分;与低聚物的连接部分;和/或与聚合物的连接部分。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项的用于治疗湿疹的方法,还包括施用额外的表面活性剂的步骤,其中所述额外的表面活性剂选自包含非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂及其组合的组中的至少一种。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项的用于治疗湿疹的方法,其中湿疹选自包含特应性湿疹,接触性湿疹,变应性接触性湿疹,脂溢性湿疹,钱币状湿疹,神经性皮炎,淤滞性皮炎,和/或汗疱湿疹的组中的一种。
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AU2012275395A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
JP5986631B2 (ja) | 2016-09-06 |
CN103717075B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
BR112013033720B1 (pt) | 2020-09-29 |
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JP2014518271A (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
CA2840612C (en) | 2016-09-13 |
US9687463B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
US20160015676A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
EP2725907A1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
ZA201400005B (en) | 2014-10-29 |
US20160022624A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
ES2688360T3 (es) | 2018-11-02 |
US9655874B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
US20150038579A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
KR20140063566A (ko) | 2014-05-27 |
US20160015677A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
EP2725907B1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
BR112013033720A2 (pt) | 2016-08-16 |
AU2012275395B2 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
KR101827043B1 (ko) | 2018-02-07 |
CA2840612A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
MX2014000059A (es) | 2014-10-24 |
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