CN103704480B - Juvenile abalone microcapsule feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Juvenile abalone microcapsule feed and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103704480B
CN103704480B CN201310729164.3A CN201310729164A CN103704480B CN 103704480 B CN103704480 B CN 103704480B CN 201310729164 A CN201310729164 A CN 201310729164A CN 103704480 B CN103704480 B CN 103704480B
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weight portion
young
bao
slip
micro
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CN103704480A (en
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潘瑞珍
林燕
陈启发
刘华珠
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FUJIAN AQUATIC FEEDSTUFF ASSOCIATION
FUJIAN JINHUALONG FEED Co Ltd
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FUJIAN AQUATIC FEEDSTUFF ASSOCIATION
FUJIAN JINHUALONG FEED Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture and particularly relates to a juvenile abalone microcapsule feed and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the microcapsule technology is applied to the juvenile abalone feed to provide juvenile abalone bait with balanced nutrient, suitable particle size, good palatability, digestion and absorption and high water stability. The juvenile abalone microcapsule feed comprises a core material, a wall material and a surfactant, wherein the core material comprises spirulina, fish meal, kelp powder and calcium propionate, the wall material comprises starch sodium octenylsuccinate and water, and the surfactant comprises span 80 and Twain 80. According to the juvenile abalone microcapsule feed provided by the invention, the proper core material and wall material are selected to generate no uncertain reaction in a matching process, the prepared feed has the characteristics of balanced nutrient, suitable particle size, good palatability, high digestion and absorption and high water stability, thereby meeting the requirements of juvenile abalone bait in abalone seedling production.

Description

A kind of young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Bao is first of marine products eight delicacies, is worth high.In addition " Bao Wenhua " with Chinese characteristics makes place mat, and Bao produce market is wide.The abalone culture cycle, comparatively other economic shellfish was long, the growth of micro-algae and macro of dwelling at the bottom of natural bait is subject to the restriction in season, become the key factor of restriction Bao large-scale farming, this impels people to develop Bao mixed feed, the deficiency effectively solving natural bait, Shortening culturing period, meet the demand of the intensive foster Bao of continental rise.
The existing two kinds of forms of Bao mixed feed of China, one is mash feed, is mainly used to throw something and feed young Bao and young Bao; Another kind is heavy property sheet feed stuff, is mainly used to throw something and feed into Bao.Existing powdery Bao Miao mixed feed, water stability is not good enough, and nutriment is easily diffused in water, can not be utilized by abalone completely, and affect water quality; Heavy property sheet feed stuff, through compressing tablet, drying forming, easily by active nutritional material damage in drying course, affects the quick growth of abalone.
Microcapsules technology is of many uses and develops new and high technology rapidly.It utilizes macromolecular material (wall material) that is natural or synthesis, by solid, liquid or even the small core substance (core) of gas be overmolding in the micro-capsule that diameter is the semi permeability of 5 μm ~ 400 μm or sealing.Microcapsules have protects the material be wrapped by from the impact of environmental condition, shields taste, color and smell, reduces toxicity; change the character of material; extend the volatile materials storage time, sustained-release material appears the external world, by effects such as immiscible compound isolation.
Based on above-mentioned advantage, microcapsules technology is successfully applied in the fields such as pharmacy, food, fine chemistry industry, photosensitive material, agricultural chemicals.Microcapsules technology just becoming field of fodder try to be the first research focus, China is in the starting stage.The sprout feed, feed addictive, aquaculture vaccines, Novel fishing medicine etc. of aquaculture industry have eager demand to microcapsules technology.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of abalone bait in above-mentioned prior art, microcapsules technology is applied to young young Bao feed by the present invention, provides a kind of nutrient balance, has suitable particle diameter, good food calling, digests and assimilates the Bao Zhi young bait strong with water stability.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises core, wall material and surfactant for providing a kind of young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet, and described core comprises spirulina: 30-40 weight portion, fish meal: 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder: 18-28 weight portion, calcium propionate: 1.5-2.5 weight portion.Described wall material comprises starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate 20-28 weight portion, water: 200-450 weight portion, and described surfactant comprises department's class 80:8 weight portion and Tween 80: 8 weight portions.
Preferably, above-mentioned young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet also comprises yolk: 25-35 weight portion and egg white: 25-35 weight portion.
Another technical scheme of the present invention, for providing a kind of preparation method of young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet, comprises the steps
Step 1, by powder state core: 100 weight portions, water: 200-220 weight portion, department class 80:8 weight portion, egg yolk: 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 5 minutes, then by colloid mill grinding 6-8 minute, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry, described powder state core comprises spirulina 30-40 weight portion, fish meal 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder 18-28 weight portion and calcium propionate 1.5-2.5 weight portion;
Step 2, by starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate: 280 weight portions, water: 220-230 weight portion, Tween 80: 6-8 weight portion, glycerine: 6 weight portions, egg white solution 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 6 minutes, then add step 1 gained colostrum slip; Continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip;
Step 3, by step 2 gained emulsion slip spray drying forming.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet comprises following concrete steps:
Step 1, by core pulverize 100% cross 80 orders; 90% crosses 100 orders, makes uniform and stable powder state core; Described core comprises spirulina: 30-40 weight portion, fish meal: 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder: 18-28 weight portion, calcium propionate: 1.5-2.5 weight portion;
By powder state core: 100 weight portions, water: 200-220 weight portion, department class 80:8 weight portion, egg yolk: 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 5 minutes under rotating speed 1500rpm condition, then under rotating speed 2890rpm condition, grind 6-8 minute by colloid mill, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry;
Step 2, just starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate: 28 weight portions, water: 220-230 weight portion, Tween 80: 6-8 weight portion, glycerine: 6 weight portions, egg white solution: 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 6 minutes under rotating speed 360rpm condition, add step 1 gained colostrum slip again, continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip;
Step 3, by peristaltic pump by step 2 gained emulsion slurry pipeline transport to spraying dry unit centrifugal type atomizer shower nozzle, spray drying forming, namely makes young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet comprises following concrete steps:
Step 1, by core pulverize 100% cross 80 orders; 90% crosses 100 orders, makes uniform and stable powder state core; Described core comprises spirulina 400g, fish meal 300g, Kelp Powder 280 and calcium propionate 20g;
By powder state core: 1000g, water: 2200g, department class 80:80g, egg yolk: 25g, with Hui Lipu mixer mix and blend 5 minutes under rotating speed 1500rpm condition, under rotating speed 2890rpm condition, grind 6-8 minute by colloid mill again, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry;
Step 2, by starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate: 280g, water: 2200g, Tween 80: 60g, glycerine 60g, egg white solution 250g, mix and blend 6 minutes under rotating speed 360rpm condition, add step 1 gained colostrum slip again, continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip, and pour the emulsion slip prepared into slip container;
Step 3, by the emulsion slip in step 2 slip container, be transported to spraying dry unit centrifugal type atomizer shower nozzle, spray drying forming, namely make young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of the present invention selects suitable core and wall material to be raw material, there is not uncertain reaction in compatibility, the feed nutrition balance of preparation, there is suitable particle diameter, good attractant, digest and assimilate high characteristic, its stability in water is strong, meet Bao Miao produce in Bao Zhi young bait needs.Above-mentioned young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet has the effect strengthening immunity, reduce abalone larva death amount, promote Bao Shengchang relative to normal diet, and it has the feature of long shelf-life, and preserve observation 6 months by room temperature airtight package, product quality is still stablized.
Detailed description of the invention
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural feature in detail, being realized object and effect, be explained in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
The present invention is first according to the selected young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet formula of abalone habit, nutritional need and abalone forage standard screening.The young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet formula of the present invention not only considers nutritional labeling, the needs of micro-encapsulated diet manufacture craft will be met simultaneously, core (spirulina in the present invention, fish meal, the compositions such as calcium propionate) complicated component, chemical composition and configurations, slip thermodynamic instability body, there is the difficult points such as the boundary characteristic of polynary decentralized photo and the numerous and jumbled reciprocity of continuous phase system, but it is rich in protein, fat, mineral element, vitamin and natural colouring matter etc., not only meet the various nutrients needed for Bao Shengchang, strengthen the immunity of Bao simultaneously, promotion health cultivates, wall material starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate of the present invention is a kind of special modified food starch glue, safety, limit without consumption, can as emulsifying agent, thickener and still show low-viscosity when highly filled, dissolubility is good, the very large film of one deck intensity can be formed at oil-water interfaces place, can the emulsion of stabilised oil-in-water, be that spraying dry makes the good embedded material of microcapsules.
Embodiment 1
Being prepared as follows of the young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of the present invention:
Step 1, by core pulverize 100% cross 80 orders; 90% crosses 100 orders, makes uniform and stable powder state core; Described core comprises spirulina, fish meal, Kelp Powder and calcium propionate; The weight part ratio of wherein said spirulina, fish meal, Kelp Powder and calcium propionate is: spirulina: 30-40 weight portion, fish meal: 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder: 18-28 weight portion and calcium propionate: 1.5-2.5 weight portion, by powder state core: 1000g, water: 2000g, department class 80:80g, egg yolk: 25g are with mixer (rotating speed 1500rpm), stir 5 minutes, under rotating speed 2890rpm condition, 6-8 minute is ground again by colloid mill, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry;
Step 2, by converted starch (starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate): 280g, water: 2200g, Tween 80: 60g, glycerine 60g, egg white solution 250g, mix and blend 6 minutes under rotating speed 360rpm condition, add step 1 gained colostrum slip again, continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip, and the emulsion slip prepared is poured into slip container (joining agitator, continuously for slurry rotating speed 120rpm ~ 100rpm).
Step 3, by the emulsion slip in slip container, be transported to DIS-5 type spraying dry unit centrifugal type atomizer shower nozzle (drive motors rotating speed frequency modulation value is about 400Hz), spray drying forming, namely made young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet.In spray-drying process, hothouse work inlet temperature controls at 148 DEG C ~ 158 DEG C, keeps outlet exhaust temperature 80 DEG C ~ 76 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Being prepared as follows of the young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of the present invention:
Step 1, by core pulverize 100% cross 80 orders; 90% crosses 100 orders, makes uniform and stable powder state core; Described core comprises spirulina, fish meal, Kelp Powder and calcium propionate; The weight part ratio of wherein said spirulina, fish meal, Kelp Powder and calcium propionate is: spirulina 30-40 weight portion, fish meal 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder 18-28 weight portion and calcium propionate 1.5-2.5 weight portion, by powder state core: 1000g, water: 2200g, department class 80:80g, egg yolk: 25g, with mixer (rotating speed 1500rpm), stir 5 minutes, under rotating speed 2890rpm condition, 6-8 minute is ground again by colloid mill, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry;
Step 2, by converted starch (starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate): 280g, water: 2200g, Tween 80: 60g, glycerine 60g, egg white solution 250g, mix and blend 6 minutes under rotating speed 360rpm condition, add step 1 gained colostrum slip again, continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip, and the emulsion slip prepared is poured into slip container (joining agitator, continuously for slurry rotating speed 120rpm-100rpm).
Step 3, by the emulsion slip in slip container, be transported to DIS-5 type spraying dry unit centrifugal type atomizer shower nozzle (drive motors rotating speed frequency modulation value is about 400Hz), spray drying forming, namely made young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet.In spray-drying process, hothouse work inlet temperature controls at 148 DEG C-158 DEG C, keeps outlet exhaust temperature 80 DEG C-76 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Being prepared as follows of the young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of the present invention:
Step 1, by core pulverize 100% cross 80 orders; 90% crosses 100 orders, makes uniform and stable powder state core; Described core comprises spirulina 400g, fish meal 300g, Kelp Powder 280 and calcium propionate 20g;
By powder state core: 1000g, water: 2200g, department class 80:80g, egg yolk: 25g, with Hui Lipu mixer mix and blend 5 minutes under rotating speed 1500rpm condition, under rotating speed 2890rpm condition, grind 6-8 minute by colloid mill again, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry;
Step 2, by starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate: 280g, water: 2200g, Tween 80: 60g, glycerine 60g, egg white solution 250g, mix and blend 6 minutes under rotating speed 360rpm condition, add step 1 gained colostrum slip again, continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip, and pour the emulsion slip prepared into slip container;
Step 3, by the emulsion slip in step 2 slip container, be transported to DIS-5 type spraying dry unit centrifugal type atomizer shower nozzle (drive motors rotating speed frequency modulation value is about 400Hz), spray drying forming, namely made young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet.In spray-drying process, hothouse work inlet temperature controls at 148 DEG C-158 DEG C, keeps outlet exhaust temperature 80 DEG C-76 DEG C.
The young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of above-described embodiment 1,2 and 3 gained moisture 7.0%-10.0% after testing, thick protein 32.0%-37.0%, crude fat 4.0%-7.0%, meet trophic level requirement.Preserve observation 6 months by room temperature airtight package, product quality is still stablized.
Measure through BT-2002 laser fineness gage " the results contrast report " of size distribution in young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet sample water: soaked 120 minutes of two parallel sampleses, interval 15min() totally 16 Tiao Shuizhong size distribution curve races almost overlap (median D50 is 30 μm ~ 60 μm) show the change of the sample size distribution of soaked 120 minutes, show that young young Bao microcapsules mixed feed is stability in water.Show that this young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet is microcapsule structure by SEM image pattern.
The feeding effect of the young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of embodiment 4 the present invention
The successful development of microcapsules mixed feed, not only can add the various nutriments needed for young young Bao Shengchang, also can add the functional materials such as immunostimulant simultaneously in feed, improve the immunologic function of young young Bao, improve young young Bao anti-stress ability, strengthen resistance against diseases, improve survival rate; Promote that young young Bao grows fast, increase economic efficiency.Micro-encapsulated diet kenel also will become aquaculture vaccines to the effective carrier of raising.
Experiment embodiment (1)
Test and carry out in choice seafood aquiculture base, Liaanjiang county, Fujian Province on April 26,18 days to 2012 January in 2012, choose 6 mouthfuls of Bao Miao production ponds (5m × 3m × 1.5m) and test.Test Bao Miao be this from numerous hybridization Bao Miao, if 2 process, be respectively control group (common Bao Miao powdery compound feed), test group young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet+70 ﹪ of the present invention of 30 ﹪ (to treatment), often organize 3 repetitions, totally 6 mouthfuls of ponds.The initial average long control group of shell (6.90 ± 0.54a) mm.Test group (7.01 ± 0.27a) mm, 100d has been carried out in test.
Interpretation of result: long (17.35 ± 0.58a) mm of the final shell of Bao Miao of test group, increase (DLG) (104.43 ± 3.52a) μm of d-1 and Bao Miao specific growth rate (SGR) (0.92 ± 0.03a) d-1 shell long day and be all significantly greater than long (15.98 ± 0.71b) mm(P<0.05 of the final shell of control group), shell long day increase (91.62 ± 4.65b) μm d-1, specific growth rate (0.84 ± 0.02a) d-1; Simultaneously between test group 30 ~ 64 days, the long increment of shell (2.62 ± 0.35a) mm is significantly higher than control group (1.49 ± 0.46b) mm.
Result of the test shows: use the present invention young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet substitute common powder-material to 30% Bao Miao fed of the amount of raising after 65 days growth vigor obvious, young young Bao microcapsule feedstuff of the present invention has obvious growth promotion usefulness.
Experiment embodiment (2)
The feeding experiment of 137 days has by a definite date been carried out in Pingtan County Bao Miao field on May 24,8 days to 2013 January in 2013.Have studied the impact of the young young Bao micro-capsule mixed feed of the present invention young young Bao micro-capsule mixed feed+69 ﹪ of 31 ﹪ (on take care of) on Bao Miao nonspecific immunity biochemical activity and growth.2 process are established in test, are respectively control group, test group, often organize 5 repetitions, totally 10 mouthfuls of Bao Miao production ponds.137d is carried out in test.
Experimental result shows: alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and total number born (T-SOD) vigor of test group Bao Miao are all significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); Lysozyme (LZM) content is a little more than control group, but difference is not significantly (P > 0.05).Increase test group and control group Bao Miao shell long day and reach (83.23 ± 3.41) μm .d-1 and (70.91 ± 5.77) μm .d-1 respectively, significant difference (P<0.05); Test group Bao Miao specification is comparatively neat, and Bao shell glossiness is good.Bao shell long (mm) be respectively 16.72 ± 3.08 and 15.88 ± 2.82(P<0.05).Meanwhile, have studied young young Bao micro-capsule mixed feed to the impact of Bao Miao non-specific immunity: total number born T-SOD vigor (U/mgprot): test group is 24.4557 ± 1.3880; Control group is 21.7819 ± 0.8585; Difference extremely significantly (P<0.01).Alkaline phosphatase AKP vigor (U/gprot): test group is 0.1125 ± 0.00643, control group is 0.0925 ± 0.00701, and difference extremely significantly (P<0.01).The difference of abalone larva death accumulated quantity between 26 days groups before and after this and test, and wash pool process observation to the test group record fewer than the abalone larva death of control group match.Bao shell long (mm) be respectively 16.72 ± 3.08 and 15.88 ± 2.82(P<0.05).
Result of the test shows: use the young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet of the present invention to substitute common powder-material to 31% Bao Miaohou fed of the amount of raising, young young Bao microcapsule feedstuff of the present invention significantly improves the immunologic function of young young Bao, young young Bao anti-stress ability, resistance against diseases and survival rate.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a preparation method for young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1, by powder state core: 100 weight portions, water: 200-220 weight portion, department class 80:8 weight portion, egg yolk: 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 5 minutes, then by colloid mill grinding 6-8 minute, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry, described powder state core comprises spirulina 30-40 weight portion, fish meal 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder 18-28 weight portion and calcium propionate 1.5-2.5 weight portion;
Step 2, by starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate: 280 weight portions, water: 220-230 weight portion, Tween 80: 6-8 weight portion, glycerine: 6 weight portions, egg white solution 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 6 minutes, then add step 1 gained colostrum slip; Continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip;
Step 3, by step 2 gained emulsion slip spray drying forming.
2. the preparation method of young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following concrete steps:
Step 1, by core pulverize 100% cross 80 orders; 90% crosses 100 orders, makes uniform and stable powder state core; Described core comprises spirulina: 30-40 weight portion, fish meal: 20-30 weight portion, Kelp Powder: 18-28 weight portion, calcium propionate: 1.5-2.5 weight portion;
By powder state core: 100 weight portions, water: 200-220 weight portion, department class 80:8 weight portion, egg yolk: 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 5 minutes under rotating speed 1500rpm condition, then under rotating speed 2890rpm condition, grind 6-8 minute by colloid mill, make it homogenize, obtain colostrum slurry;
Step 2, by starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate: 280 weight portions, water: 220-230 weight portion, Tween 80: 6-8 weight portion, glycerine: 6 weight portions, egg white solution: 25-35 weight portion, mix and blend 6 minutes under rotating speed 360rpm condition, add step 1 gained colostrum slip again, continue stirring 8 minutes, obtain emulsion slip;
Step 3, by peristaltic pump by step 2 gained emulsion slurry pipeline transport to spraying dry unit centrifugal type atomizer shower nozzle, spray drying forming, namely makes young young Bao micro-encapsulated diet.
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