CN109123232A - A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109123232A CN109123232A CN201811081482.2A CN201811081482A CN109123232A CN 109123232 A CN109123232 A CN 109123232A CN 201811081482 A CN201811081482 A CN 201811081482A CN 109123232 A CN109123232 A CN 109123232A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulants and its preparation method and application.A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant forms as follows: cotton dregs Peptides 60-70 parts by weight, 5'-GMP2Na 3-6 parts by weight, antioxidant 1-3 parts by weight, mould inhibitor 3-5 parts by weight, zeolite powder 1-3 parts by weight.A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed contains the Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.Additive amount of the phagostimulant in mixed feed is 0.2%-0.8%.For the present invention from the eating habit of Eriocheir sinensis, when use, can stimulate its appetite, effectively solve the problems, such as that its Feeding Velocity is slow, improve Eriocheir sinensis Feeding Velocity and food ration, help to increase efficiency of feed utilization and promote to digest.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic livestock additive technology field, it is related to a kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant and its preparation side
Method and application.
Background technique
Eriocheir sinensis (Eriocher sinensis) is the important economic cultivated crabs class in China, and yield is in rise year by year
Trend.According to FAO's data statistics, the yield of Chinese Eriocheir sinensis in 2016 has reached 812,103 tons.It is chilled
Fish was once used as the main bait source in crayfish culture.But with the development of Eriocheir sinensis industry, chilled fish etc. is passed
The natural bait of system resource quantity declines, nutritional ingredient is unbalanced and environmental pollution, carry germ etc. due to can not
Meet its cultivation demand.Therefore, in breeding process artifical compound feed research and development and application, gradually connect by numerous raisers
By.However Eriocheir sinensis, due to the habit of " embracing food ", Feeding Velocity is slow, feed is easy defeated and dispersed in water and causes to waste,
Cause efficiency of feed utilization low, and be easy to cause the pollution of water body.Eriocheir sinensis Feeding Velocity and food ration are improved, helps to increase
Add efficiency of feed utilization and growth can be promoted.Therefore, Chinese crab mixed batching feed except use adhesive to improve water stability in addition to, also
It needs to stimulate animal appetite, to improve feed intake using suitable phagostimulant, promote growth.
Phagostimulant is non-nutritive additive, and addition can improve the palatability of feed in right amount in aquatic feeds, guarantees water
Producing animal has enough nutrition intakes, thus improve Abwehrkraft des Koepers, reduce illness probability or mitigate the infringement of certain diseases, from
It and is that healthy aquaculture provides safeguard.But different phagostimulants are not quite similar to the phagostimulating effect of different aquatic livestocks, therefore select suitable
Phagostimulant for particular animals seems most important.
Currently, having a plurality of types of substances is used as aquatic animal phagostimulant, mainly there are amino acid and small peptide, nucleosides
Acid and ucleosides, glycine betaine and animal and plant extracts (squid liver paste, allicin) etc..Cotton dregs Peptides are the productions after cotton dregs enzymatic hydrolysis
The content of object, soluble protein, free amino acid and small peptide therein etc. increased, and can improve the palatability of feed, increase
Add feed intake.And cotton dregs Peptides phagostimulating effect power of several representative phagostimulants with more than has no related report.
Therefore, a kind of efficient phagostimulant for Eriocheir sinensis is developed, the healthy aquaculture and development to Eriocheir sinensis have important
Meaning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant is provided.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the preparation methods of the Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide the applications of the Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Application of the cotton dregs Peptides in preparation Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant forms as follows: cotton dregs Peptides 60-70 parts by weight, 5'-GMP2Na
3-6 parts by weight, antioxidant 1-3 parts by weight, mould inhibitor 3-5 parts by weight, zeolite powder 1-3 parts by weight.
The cotton dregs Peptides are preferably prepared by the following method to obtain: cotton dregs smash it through 100 meshes through pulverizer,
Raw material after sieving stirs and evenly mixs, and distilled water is added and is added with the NaOH solution tune pH to 7.0 of 1mol/L by 2500IU/g albumen
Enter subtilisin, distilled water is settled to 1L, is configured to the solution of 40g/L；By 45 DEG C of -50 DEG C of oscillating reactions of solution after constant volume
5h；Reaction vessel is placed in 100 DEG C of boiling water and inactivates 10min after reaction；It rotates and is concentrated by evaporation after cooling, 60 DEG C of drying are standby
With.
The Eriocheir sinensis is preferably prepared by the following method to obtain with phagostimulant: the cotton dregs of formula ratio are digested
Peptide, 5'-GMP2Na, antioxidant, mould inhibitor, zeolite powder are dry, then crush through micronizer, after crossing 120 meshes, fill
Divide mixing, obtains Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
A kind of preparation method of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant, includes the following steps:
(1) prepare cotton dregs Peptides: cotton dregs smash it through 100 meshes through pulverizer, and the raw material after sieving stirs and evenly mixs, and add
Enter distilled water, with the NaOH solution tune pH to 7.0 of 1mol/L, subtilisin, distilled water constant volume is added by 2500IU/g albumen
To 1L, it is configured to the solution of 40g/L；By 45 DEG C of -50 DEG C of oscillating reactions 5h of solution after constant volume；Reaction vessel is set after reaction
10min is inactivated in 100 DEG C of boiling water；It rotates and is concentrated by evaporation after cooling, 60 DEG C are dried for standby；
(2) by cotton dregs Peptides 60-70 parts by weight, 5'-GMP2Na 3-6 parts by weight, antioxidant 1-3 parts by weight,
Mould inhibitor 3-5 parts by weight, zeolite powder 1-3 parts by weight are dry, then crush through micronizer, after crossing 120 meshes, are sufficiently mixed,
Obtain Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
The Eriocheir sinensis is preparing the application in Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed with phagostimulant.
A kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed contains the Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
Eriocheir sinensis described in the raw material of the Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed is added with phagostimulant in 2~8g/kg ratio
Enter.
The utility model has the advantages that
The present invention filters out the highest cotton dregs Peptides of food calling index from numerous phagostimulants and is used to prepare Eriocheir sinensis
Phagostimulant, and be added in basal feed and obtain Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed.Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant and feed of the present invention
From the eating habit of Eriocheir sinensis, when use, can stimulate its appetite, effectively solve the problems, such as that its Feeding Velocity is slow, improve
Eriocheir sinensis Feeding Velocity and food ration help to increase efficiency of feed utilization and promote to digest.
Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed of the present invention has the advantage that 1, trophic function: crude protein > 59%, rich in a variety of free
Amino acid and small peptide can promote digestion and absorption；2, luring function: the food calling ingredient containing there are many, palatability is strong, and grazing speed is fast,
Residual bait rate is low.And by compared with other several frequently seen phagostimulants (nucleotide and amino acids, animal and plant extracts etc.), into one
Step illustrates it with preferable phagostimulating effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is influence diagram of the feed color to Eriocheir sinensis food calling index
Fig. 2 is influence diagram of the different phagostimulants to Eriocheir sinensis food calling index
Fig. 3 is influence diagram of the phagostimulant to Eriocheir sinensis hepatopancrease proteinase activity
Fig. 4 is influence diagram of the phagostimulant to Eriocheir sinensis hepatopancrease amylase activity
Fig. 5 is phagostimulant to the active influence diagram of Eriocheir sinensis hepatopancrease γ-GT
Fig. 6 is phagostimulant to Eriocheir sinensis hepatopancrease Na+-K+The active influence diagram of ATPase
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the examples below.
Embodiment 1
Phagostimulant and its preparation
Then the present invention is aided with 5'-GMP2Na, antioxidant, mould inhibitor, boiling using cotton dregs Peptides as main component
Uniform phagostimulant is made in mountain flour.
The preparation process of cotton dregs Peptides is as follows:
1) cotton dregs smash it through 100 meshes through pulverizer, and the raw material after sieving stirs and evenly mixs, the raw material after weighing sieving
40g is added distilled water, is sufficiently stirred under magnetic stirring apparatus in beaker；
2) use 1mol/L NaOH solution tune pH to 7.0, accurately weigh subtilisin (by 2500IU/g albumen addition,
Albumen herein is the protein content in cotton dregs, and the protein content in cotton dregs is first measured before preparation), distilled water is settled to 1L；
3) solution after constant volume is assigned in 4 500ml conical flasks, 45 DEG C of -50 DEG C of reaction 5h of shaking bath pot；
4) conical flask is placed in 100 DEG C of boiling water after reaction and inactivates 10min；It is concentrated after cooling with Rotary Evaporators
Afterwards, it is dried for standby for 60 DEG C；
5) by 60-70 parts of above-mentioned cotton dregs Peptides, 3-6 parts of 5'-GMP2Na, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, mould inhibitor 3-5
Part, 1-3 parts of zeolite powder be sufficiently mixed, obtain mixture, can be as Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant, is matched in parts by weight by following raw material and is formed: 68 parts of cotton dregs Peptides,
5 ' -5 parts of Sodium guanylates, 2 parts of antioxidant, 3 parts of mould inhibitor, 2 parts of zeolite powder.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant, is matched in parts by weight by following raw material and is formed: 65 parts of cotton dregs Peptides,
5 ' -6 parts of Sodium guanylates, 2 parts of antioxidant, 3 parts of mould inhibitor, 2 parts of zeolite powder.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant, is matched in parts by weight by following raw material and is formed: 62 parts of cotton dregs Peptides,
5 ' -4 parts of Sodium guanylates, 2 parts of antioxidant, 5 parts of mould inhibitor, 3 parts of zeolite powder.
Embodiment 5
The test of phagostimulant phagostimulating effect
1) prepared by feed
Basal diet is using fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal and rapeseed meal as protein sources, and soya-bean oil and fish oil are fat source, and alphalise starch is
Unique sugar source is formulated.Specific formula is shown in Table 1.Feedstuff mixes step by step, and diameter 4mm, long 10mm is made using meat grinder
Particle, room temperature is dried in the shade spare.
1 basal feed formula of table
2) experimental condition
Selecting 40 weight for the Eriocheir sinensis of 26g or so is experimental study object, box for breeding (length × width × height=
1.2m × 1m × 0.34m) in carry out.Each box for breeding places 8, and 5 repetitions are arranged.
3) visual preference is excluded
It adds tasteless edible pigment and is prepared into the feed that color is black, red, green and blue, be unstained feed
For control, the feed granules of each color respectively take 5, feed in specific region, record different time residual feed granule number,
Calculate food calling index.
Phagostimulating effect size observes the food calling exponential average table being calculated with (feed has residue at this time) when 80min
Show.Food calling formula of index are as follows: food calling index=1- residual bait particle/dispensing bait particle.
Food calling index is higher, illustrates that phagostimulating effect is better.The result shows that Eriocheir sinensis is to feed color without special inclined
It is good.Fig. 1 is specific data analysis chart.
4) it tests
To be not added with the basal feed of edible pigment as control group (control group 1), with basal feed (control group 1) for base
Plinth, containing this product (test group), product 1 (control group 2), product 2 (control group 3), product 3 (control group 4) and product 4 are (right
Uniform particle is made according to the edible pigment that the feed of group 5) adds black, red, green, blue and yellow respectively to raise
Material.Wherein, this product phagostimulant is the formula of embodiment 2: 68 parts of cotton dregs Peptides, 5 parts of 5'-GMP2Na, and antioxidant 2
Part, 3 parts of mould inhibitor, 2 parts of zeolite powder.Product 1 is a kind of phagostimulant of raw fish meal, formula are as follows: 50 parts of glycine betaine, dimethyl-
10 parts of β-thiopropionate, 5 parts of glycine, 5 parts of alanine, 8 parts of taurine；Product 2 is a kind of compound phagostimulant of fishing, formula
Are as follows: 35 parts of squid liver paste, 20 parts of taurine, 15 parts of glycine betaine, 5 parts of 5'-inosinic acid disodium；Product 3 is a kind of aquatic products Chinese herbal medicine
Phagostimulant, formula are as follows: 20 parts of allicin, 15 parts of pine needle, 1 part of cloves, 30 parts of dried orange peel, 30 parts of folium cortex eucommiae；Product 4 is a kind of nutrition
Functional phagostimulant, formula are as follows: 55 parts of sodium glutamate, 5 parts of Sodium guanylate, 15 parts of yeast nucleotides, 20 parts of glycine.Specifically
Feed formula is shown in Table 2.Experimental period, each color feed take identical granule number, while putting into a certain specific region of box for breeding,
Every 10min observation is primary, records residual feed granule number, and the residual feed number observed and recorded when with 80min calculates food calling index,
The quality of phagostimulant phagostimulating effect is judged with this.
2 feed formula of table
The result shows that: in same time, Eriocheir sinensis to addition the feed food ration containing this phagostimulant product most
It is more, followed by add product 4, product 2, product 3, the feed of product 1.Final feed of the addition containing this phagostimulant product is remaining
Granule number is minimum.Illustrate that the Feeding Velocity that Eriocheir sinensis can be improved to feed in phagostimulant of the present invention, phagostimulating effect are better than
Product 1-4.Fig. 2 is specific data analysis chart.
This test includes small test, eliminates Eriocheir sinensis visually for the preference of certain color, meanwhile, eat color
Element is purchased from U.S. Wei Haomei Co., Ltd, tasteless, eliminates influence of the pigment smell to test result.
Embodiment 6
Culture experiment
1) test site
In Nanjing Pukou base, cultivating cement pit standard used is 2m × 2m × 0.8m (long in the cultivation place of outdoor breeding
× wide × high)
2) experimental design
Test is divided into 2 groups, respectively control group, phagostimulant group, every group of 5 repetitions.It is every to repeat to place 8 Eriocheir sinensias
Crab, on-test individual weight 50g or so, 60 days formal culture-cycles.Control group feeds basal feed (formula is shown in Table 1), with base
Based on plinth feed, phagostimulant group feeds the feed for adding phagostimulant (formula of embodiment 3) of the present invention, wherein phagostimulant
Additive amount is 0.6%, adjusts content of starch with balance formula.Test arrangement is carried out in high temperature season (7,8, September part).
After the test, respectively the rate of body weight gain of Eriocheir sinensis in two groups of measure and calculation, opposite grazing rate, survival rate and
Hepatopancrease digests and assimilates enzymatic activity.
Test result shows that the phagostimulant can significantly improve the growth rate of cultivation Eriocheir sinensis, opposite grazing rate simultaneously
Improve survival rate.And hepatopancrease protease, γ-GT and Na can be significantly improved+-K+ATPase activity.Table 2 and Fig. 3-
Fig. 6 is specific data analysis chart.
2 control group of table and phagostimulant group growth rate, opposite grazing rate and survival rate
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, it can make and be suitably modified or replace, these are improved or replacement
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. application of the cotton dregs Peptides in preparation Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
2. a kind of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant, characterized in that its composition is as follows: cotton dregs Peptides 60-70 parts by weight, 5 '-birds
Thuja acid disodium 3-6 parts by weight, antioxidant 1-3 parts by weight, mould inhibitor 3-5 parts by weight, zeolite powder 1-3 parts by weight.
3. Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant according to claim 2, characterized in that the cotton dregs Peptides pass through following
Method is prepared: cotton dregs smash it through 100 meshes, and the raw material after sieving stirs and evenly mixs, and distilled water are added, with 1mol/L's
Subtilisin is added by 2500IU/g albumen in NaOH solution tune pH to 7.0, and distilled water is settled to 1L, is configured to 40g/L
Solution；By 45 DEG C of -50 DEG C of oscillating reactions 5h of solution after constant volume；Reaction vessel is placed in 100 DEG C of boiling water and inactivates after reaction；
It rotates and is concentrated by evaporation after cooling, 60 DEG C are dried for standby.
4. Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the Eriocheir sinensis is with luring
Food agent be prepared by the following method to obtain: by the cotton dregs Peptides of formula ratio, 5'-GMP2Na, antioxidant, mould inhibitor,
Zeolite powder is dry, then crushes through micronizer, after crossing 120 meshes, is sufficiently mixed, obtains Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
5. a kind of preparation method of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant, characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) prepare cotton dregs Peptides: cotton dregs smash it through 100 meshes through pulverizer, and the raw material after sieving stirs and evenly mixs, and are added and steam
Subtilisin is added by 2500IU/g albumen with the NaOH solution tune pH to 7.0 of 1mol/L in distilled water, and distilled water is settled to 1L,
It is configured to the solution of 40g/L；By 45 DEG C of -50 DEG C of oscillating reactions 5h of solution after constant volume；Reaction vessel is placed in 100 DEG C after reaction
It is inactivated in boiling water；It rotates and is concentrated by evaporation after cooling, 60 DEG C are dried for standby；
(2) by cotton dregs Peptides 60-70 parts by weight, 5'-GMP2Na 3-6 parts by weight, antioxidant 1-3 parts by weight, mould proof
Agent 3-5 parts by weight, zeolite powder 1-3 parts by weight are dry, then crush through micronizer, after crossing 120 meshes, are sufficiently mixed, obtain
Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant.
6. Eriocheir sinensis described in claim 2 or 3 is preparing the application in Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed with phagostimulant.
7. a kind of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed, characterized in that contain Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant described in claim 2 or 3.
8. Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed according to claim 7, characterized in that right is wanted in the raw material of Chinese eriocheir sinensises feed
Eriocheir sinensis described in asking 2 or 3 is added with phagostimulant in 2~8g/kg ratio.
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| CN113080340A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-07-09 | 山东农业大学 | Non-amino acid compound phagostimulant |
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| CN113080340A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-07-09 | 山东农业大学 | Non-amino acid compound phagostimulant |
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